JP4990090B2 - Container-loading semi-trailer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a combined type container loading semi-trailer that can load both a standard container and a long container.

  The connected vehicle having a tractor that is a towed vehicle and a trailer that is a towed vehicle includes a full trailer in which a loading platform is provided on the towing vehicle and the towed vehicle, and a semi-trailer in which the loading platform is provided only on the towed vehicle. is there. The semi-trailer is not provided with a drive wheel, and the following traveling wheel is disposed at the rear end. The semi-trailer is pulled by the tractor by connecting the king pin provided at the front end and the coupler of the tractor. To be run.

  Containers loaded on the semi-trailer are mainly small containers with a length of 20 feet and large containers with a length of 40 feet. These containers are semi-trailers with their respective longitudinal directions being the traveling direction. To be loaded. The semi-trailer includes a small container dedicated type, a large container dedicated type, and a dual-purpose type in which both containers can be loaded. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a dual-type semi-trailer.

In this semi-trailer, a rear frame is slidably provided at the rear end of the trailer body. When a small container is loaded, the rear frame is stored in the trailer body, and when a large container is loaded, the rear frame is a trailer. It is designed to be pushed backward from the main body.
JP 2007-99227 A

  In recent years, in order to improve the transportation efficiency of luggage by a trailer, a long container having a length of 45 feet is used in addition to the standard container described above. In order to transport a long container, a semi-trailer of the type in which the rear frame described above is slidably mounted on the rear end portion of a trailer body on which a 40-foot standard container is mounted is used. In this type of semi-trailer, the rear frame is stored in the trailer body when a 40-foot standard container is loaded, and is pushed backward when a long container is loaded. On the other hand, a semi-trailer has been developed in which a front frame is slidably attached to the front end of the trailer body so that the front frame is pushed toward the tractor when a long container is loaded.

  Semi-trailers loaded with such large containers typically have a heavier loading capacity than small container-only types, so in order not to add excessive axle weight to each traveling wheel to protect the road surface, the traveling axle is usually used. Is a three-axis type provided with three. However, if a long frame is loaded by placing a rear frame on a 3-axle type semi-trailer and pushing it out, each axle will be loaded with an axle weight that exceeds the upper limit value. It is necessary to reduce the amount of luggage to be loaded below the maximum loading capacity, and it is not possible to increase the efficiency of luggage transportation. This also has a problem that excessive axle load is applied to the axle on the tractor side even when the front frame is pushed out.

  Using a 4-axle type semi-trailer with an increased number of traveling axles, the axle load applied to each traveling axis can be reduced even if the rear frame is pushed out, so it is mounted on a long container. Although the amount of luggage can be increased, the number of axes becomes unnecessary for transporting a 40-foot standard container, resulting in poor transport efficiency.

  An object of the present invention is to improve transport efficiency in a combined type container loading semi-trailer that can load both a standard container and a long container.

Container loading for semitrailer of the invention, the traveling wheels are provided having a trailer body with a Rutotomoni plurality of longitudinal beam members of, from standard containers and the standard container of a length corresponding to the length of the trailer body Two semi-trailers for container loading, which are both pulled by a tractor and carried by a tractor, and are slidably mounted on the end of the longitudinal beam and are parallel to each other. A front side bar attached to the sliding rod, and a front side fastener that protrudes rearward from both ends of the front side bar and fastens the front end of each container, and fastens the standard container. A retraction position where the long container is fastened and a forward protrusion length corresponding to one half of the difference between the lengths of the two containers protrudes from the tip of the trailer body. A front fastening frame provided at the distal end portion of the forward and backward movably said trailer body between a position, slidably mounted two sliding rods are parallel to each other on the rear end of the longitudinal beam member, A rear side bar attached to the sliding rod, and a rear side fastener that projects upward at both ends of the rear side bar and fastens the rear end of each container, and the standard container The retraction position to fasten and the rear protrusion length equal to the front protrusion length project from the rear end of the trailer main body so as to freely move forward and backward. A rear fastening frame provided at a rear end portion of the trailer body, and forming a front through hole corresponding to the retracted position and the protruding position in the sliding rod of the front fastening frame , Previous through the hole Provided fixing pin for fixing the front fastening frame and the push-out position and the retracted position to the front end of the longitudinal beam members of the trailer body, approaching the said retracted position to said sliding rod of the rear fastening frame out side through holes are formed after the corresponding position, the longitudinal of said trailer body fixing pin extending through the rear through-hole for fixing the rear fastening frame and the push-out position and the retracted position It is provided at the rear end of the beam material, and both the standard container and the long container can be loaded in a state where the center in the longitudinal direction is set to the center of the loading platform of the trailer body.

In the container-loading semi-trailer according to the present invention, the fixing pin is slidably inserted into a receiving tube attached to the inner surface of the longitudinal beam member of the trailer body , and protrudes from the receiving tube to fix the frame. A plurality of rotating members connected to the plurality of fixing pins are arranged between the plurality of fixing pins, and the plurality of rotating members are operated to rotate. The fixed pins are simultaneously moved to the open position, and when the rotation operation of the rotating member is stopped, the plurality of fixed pins are simultaneously moved to the fixed position.

  According to the present invention, a front fastening frame that protrudes forward is provided at the front end of the trailer body, and a rear fastening frame that protrudes rearward is provided at the rear end of the trailer body so that a long container is loaded. Since the two fastening frames are pushed out by an equal length, the longitudinal center of the long container can be set to the center of the cargo bed of the trailer body. Even when a load is loaded, the axle weight of the traveling axle having the traveling wheels does not exceed the upper limit value. Thereby, the conveyance efficiency by a semi-trailer can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a container-loading semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

  This container-loading semi-trailer is a dual-purpose type that can load both the standard container 10 having a length of 40 feet and the long container 11 having a length of 45 feet, and is transported by being pulled by a tractor. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the trailer body 12 on which these containers 10 and 11 are loaded has a plurality of longitudinal beam members 13 extending in the traveling direction and these longitudinal beam members 13 connected to each other and extending in the lateral direction. It has a plurality of cross beam members 14, and the front end of the vertical beam member 13 forms a gooseneck portion 13a that rises upward. The trailer body 12 is provided with a loading platform 15 having a loading platform length L1 corresponding to the length L1 of the standard container 10, and the loading platform 15 extends from the front end to the rear end of the trailer body 12 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. A standard container 10 is loaded on top.

  A king pin 16 for connecting to a tractor as a towing vehicle is provided at the front end portion of the trailer body 12, and a coupler (not shown) provided at the rear end portion of the tractor and a king pin 16 of the trailer are connected to each other. Is pulled by the tractor. The trailer is not provided with driving wheels for traveling, and three traveling axles, each provided with traveling wheels 17 on the left and right sides, are provided at the rear end of the trailer body 12 and are pulled by the tractor. Then, the traveling wheel 17 follows the vehicle. In order to support the front end portion of the trailer main body 12 when the trailer is not connected to the tractor, the trailer main body 12 is provided with a landing gear, that is, a support leg 18 so as to be movable back and forth in the vertical direction.

  Each of the containers 10 and 11 to be loaded has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is loaded on the trailer main body 12 with its long side being parallel to the traveling direction of the trailer. Tunnel recesses are formed on the lower surfaces of the front end portions of the containers 10 and 11, and the containers 10 and 11 are loaded with the gooseneck portions 13a entering the tunnel recesses. A front side engagement hole that opens forward is formed at the front end side corners of the containers 10 and 11, and a rear side engagement hole that opens downward is formed at the rear end side corners.

  A front side fastening frame 20 is provided at the front end of the trailer body 12, and as shown in FIG. 1, the front side fastening frame 20 has a retracted position for fastening the standard container 10 having a length L1, and a length L2. It can be moved forward and backward between the protruding position where the long container 11 is fastened. The forward protrusion length M is a length corresponding to one half of the difference between the length L1 of the standard container 10 and the length L2 of the long container 11. The front fastening frame 20 includes two sliding rods 21 that are slidably attached to the longitudinal beam member 13 and a front horizontal bar member 22 that is attached to the tip of each sliding rod 21. have. Removable front fasteners 23 that engage with the front engagement holes of the containers 10 and 11 are provided at both ends of the front side bar 22, and the front side fasteners 23 are connected to both ends of the front side bar 22. It protrudes back and fastens the front-end | tip part of the containers 10 and 11.

  On the other hand, similarly to the front end portion of the trailer body 12, a rear side fastening frame 24 is provided at the rear end portion. The rear side fastening frame 24 is retracted to fasten the standard container 10 as shown in FIG. It can freely move forward and backward between the position and the protruding position where the long container 11 is fastened. The rear protrusion length M is equal to that of the front fastening frame 22 and corresponds to one half of the difference between the length L1 of the standard container 10 and the length L2 of the long container 11. . Similar to the front side fastening frame 20, the rear side fastening frame 24 has two sliding rods 25 that are slidably mounted on the longitudinal beam member 13, and the tip of each sliding rod 25. And a rear side bar 26 attached thereto. A rear side fastener 27 that engages with the rear side engagement holes of the containers 10 and 11 is provided at both ends of the rear side bar member 26 so as to protrude upward. The rear end portions of the containers 10 and 11 are fastened by rotating the engagement head provided at the front end in the engagement hole in a state where the both ends of the material 26 are engaged with the rear engagement hole of the container. Is done.

  Thus, this trailer shown in FIG. 1 fastens and transports the standard container 10 of length L1 by moving the front side fastening frame 20 and the rear side fastening frame 24 to the retracted position. By moving the side fastening frame 24 to the projecting position, the long container 11 having the length L2 can be fastened and transported.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of the trailer body 12 with a part cut away. As shown in FIG. 3, the two sliding rods 21 are formed with front through holes 28a and 28b corresponding to the retracted position and the protruding position, and two fixed through holes passing through the respective front through holes 28a. A pair of pins 29 a is provided on the vertical beam member 13, and two fixing pins 29 b penetrating through the respective front through holes 28 b are provided on the vertical beam member 13. When the fixing pins 29a and 29b pass through the front through holes 28a and 28b, respectively, the front fastening frame 20 is fixed at the retracted position, and when the fixing pin 29a passes through the front through hole 28b, the front fastening frame 20 is pushed out. Fixed to.

  The four fixing pins 29a and 29b are slidably inserted into a receiving tube 30 attached to the inner side surface of the distal end portion of the left and right vertical beam members 13, and a fixed position for fixing the front side fastening frame 20 and the receiving tube. It is possible to move forward and backward between an open position that protrudes from 30 and is unlocked. In order to drive the pair of fixed pins 29a, fixed pins 29a are connected to both ends of a rotation lever 31 as a rotation member attached to the trailer body 12 so as to be rotatable by the pins via a rod. In order to drive the pair of fixed pins 29b, both ends of a turning lever 32 as a turning member that is rotatably attached to the trailer body 12 by pins are connected via rods. The connecting piece projecting laterally from the central portion of the rotating lever 31 is connected to one end of the rotating lever 32 by a rod, and both the rotating levers 31 and 32 rotate in conjunction with each other. Yes. Therefore, when both the turning levers 31 and 32 are turned, the respective fixing pins 29a and 29b are simultaneously driven to the fixed position and the open position.

  An end of an operating tool 34 that is mounted on the trailer body 12 so as to be able to reciprocate in the lateral direction is attached to an end of the rotating lever 33 that is mounted on the trailer body 12 on the rear side of the rotating lever 32. By operating the operating tool 34, the forward and backward movements of the fixing pins 29a and 29b are simultaneously operated via the rotating levers 31 to 33, and the fixing and releasing operation of the front fastening frame 20 is facilitated. . However, the operating tool 34 may be connected to one of the two rotating levers 31 and 32 without using the rotating lever 33.

  On the other hand, the structure for fixing or unfixing the rear side fastening frame 24 to the retracted position and the protruding position is the same as that of the front side fastening frame 20 described above, and has two rotating levers 35 and 36. One rotating lever 36 is provided with an operating tool 37. However, a rotation lever corresponding to the rotation lever 33 to which the operation tool 34 is coupled in FIG. 2 may be provided at the rear end portion of the trailer body 12.

  FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing the axle load that acts when the standard container 10 is loaded, and FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram that shows the axle load that acts when the long container 11 is loaded. 4 (C) and 4 (D) are schematic views showing axle loads that act when a long container 11 is loaded on a container loading semi-trailer as a comparative example.

  When the standard container 10 is loaded on the trailer, the trailer body 12 is configured so that the axle weight applied to the tractor at the position of the king pin 16 and the axle weight applied to each axis of the running wheel 17 are not more than the upper limit values. The number of axles, the distance between axles, the center of loading platform O, and the like are set. The loading platform length L1 of the trailer main body 12 corresponds to the length L1 of the standard container 10, and when the standard container 10 is loaded on the trailer, as shown in FIG. The standard container 10 is loaded on the trailer so as to coincide with the loading platform center O.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, when loading the long container 11 on the trailer, the front fastening frame 20 is pushed forward by the stroke M of the trailer body 12 and the rear fastening frame 24 is moved to the trailer body 12. It projects toward the rear by the same dimension M as the projection distance of the front side fastening frame 20. This protruding distance is set to one half of the difference between the length L2 of the long container 11 and the length L1 of the standard container 10. In this way, when the long container 11 is loaded on the trailer with the front fastening frame 20 and the rear fastening frame 24 pushed out by a uniform distance before and after the trailer body 12, the longitudinal direction of the long container 11 is reached. Since the position of the center C and the position of the loading platform center O coincide with each other, the axle load applied to the tractor at the position of the kingpin 16 and the axle weight applied to each of the three traveling axles are set to the upper limit value or less. can do.

  Thus, if the front side fastening frame 20 and the rear side fastening frame 24 are projected evenly in the front-rear direction, even if the long container 11 is loaded on a trailer having a three-axle traveling axle, the axle load acting on each axis is allowed. Using a trailer with three traveling axles mainly to load the standard container 10 without using a special trailer for long trailers that has been increased to 4 axles while preventing the load from being exceeded. A long container 11 loaded with a load can be transported. Thereby, sufficient luggage can be mounted in the long container 11 and the transport efficiency by the trailer can be improved.

  FIG. 4C shows, as a comparative example, a standard container dedicated type trailer in which a rear fastening frame 40 is provided at the rear end of the trailer. In this trailer, when the long container 11 is loaded, the rear fastening frame 40 is pushed backward, and the rear protruding length H is equal to the length L2 of the long container 11 and the standard container. The difference in length L1 is 10 (H = L2-L1). Therefore, when the long container 11 is loaded on this trailer, the longitudinal center C of the long container 11 is shifted backward from the position of the loading center O by a length difference H / 2. As a result, the position of the center of gravity of the long container 11 is biased toward the rear side of the trailer body 12, and the axle load acting on the traveling wheel 17 exceeds the upper limit value. Therefore, it is necessary to make the loading weight of the long container 11 smaller than the maximum loading weight, and it is not possible to increase the efficiency of carrying the luggage.

  FIG. 4D shows a trailer of a standard container-only type in which a front side fastening frame 41 is provided at the trailer tip as a comparative example. In this trailer, when the long container 11 is loaded, the front fastening frame 41 is pushed forward, and the front protrusion length H is equal to the length L2 of the long container 11 and the standard container 10. The difference in the length L1 is (H = L2-L1). Therefore, when the long container 11 is loaded on this trailer, the longitudinal center C of the long container 11 is shifted forward from the position of the loading center O by a length difference H / 2. As a result, the center of gravity of the long container 11 is biased toward the front side of the trailer body 12, and the axle load acting on the axle of the tractor via the king pin 16 exceeds the upper limit value. Therefore, it is necessary to make the loading weight of the long container 11 smaller than the maximum loading weight, and it is not possible to increase the efficiency of carrying the luggage.

  In contrast, as described above, in the semi-trailer of the present invention, when the long container 11 is loaded, the length of the standard container 10 and the long container 11 is increased from the front end portion and the rear end portion of the trailer body 12. Since the front fastening frame 20 and the rear fastening frame 24 are pushed out by an equal distance by a distance corresponding to one-half of the difference in length, the long container 11 has its longitudinal length similar to that of the standard container 10. The direction center C can be set to the loading center O of the trailer body 12. As a result, even if a load having a maximum load is loaded on the long container 11, the long container 11 is not trailered by the tractor-side axle and the trailer traveling axle without exceeding the upper limit of the axle load. Can be loaded.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the standard container 10 and the long container 11 can be loaded together, but a 20-foot small container may be loaded. Further, although the lever is used as the rotating member, a circular or rectangular plate material may be used instead of the lever as long as the plurality of fixing pins can be simultaneously rotated between the fixed position and the open position. . Furthermore, the number of traveling axles provided in the trailer is not limited to the three axes shown in the drawings, and the present invention can also be applied to a trailer having two or four traveling axles.

It is a side view of the semi-trailer for container loading which is one embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of FIG. It is a partially cutaway enlarged view of the tip of the trailer body. (A) is a schematic diagram showing the axle load that acts when a standard container is loaded, (B) is a schematic diagram showing the axle load that acts when a long container is loaded, (C) and (C FIG. 4D is a schematic diagram showing axle loads that act when a long container is loaded on a container loading semi-trailer as a comparative example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Standard container 11 Long container 12 Trailer main body 13 Vertical beam material 13a Gooseneck part 14 Horizontal beam material 15 Loading platform 16 Kingpin 17 Running wheel 20 Front side fastening frame 21 Sliding rod 22 Front side horizontal bar material 23 Front side fastener 24 Rear side fastening frame 25 Slide rod 26 Rear side bar 27 Rear side fasteners 28a, 28b Front through holes 29a, 29b Fixed pin 30 Receiving cylinder 31, 32, 33 Rotating lever (rotating member)
34 Operation tool C Longitudinal center of container L1 Carrier length, standard container length L2 Long container length M Front protrusion length, rear protrusion length O Carrier center

Claims (2)

Running wheels are provided having a trailer body with a Rutotomoni plurality of longitudinal beam members of any of the trailer body length standard container and the standard longer than container elongated container that corresponds to the length Is a semi-trailer for container loading that is towed and transported by a tractor,
Two sliding rods that are slidably attached to the front end of the vertical beam member, are parallel to each other, a front horizontal bar member attached to the sliding rod, and a rear side at both ends of the front horizontal bar member fastening the distal end of each of the container and projects have front fastener, and a retracted position for fastening the standard container, protruding forward corresponds to half the length of the difference of both the container of A front fastening frame provided at the tip of the trailer body so as to freely move forward and backward between a projecting position for projecting the length from the tip of the trailer body and fastening the long container;
Two sliding rods slidably mounted on the rear end portion of the vertical beam member, parallel to each other, a rear side bar member attached to the slide rod, and both end portions of the rear side bar member A rear side fastener that fastens the rear end of each container and projects a retracted position for fastening the standard container and a rearward protruding length equal to the forward protruding length. A rear fastening frame provided at a rear end portion of the trailer body so as to be movable forward and backward between a protruding position for fastening the long container by projecting from the rear end of the main body,
A front through hole corresponding to the retracted position and the protruding position is formed in the sliding rod of the front fastening frame, and the front fastening frame passes through the front through hole to move the front fastening frame to the retracted position and the protruding position. A fixing pin for fixing to the front end of the vertical beam member of the trailer body is provided, and a rear through hole corresponding to the retracted position and the protruding position is formed in the sliding rod of the rear fastening frame. A fixing pin that passes through the rear through hole and fixes the rear fastening frame to the retracted position and the protruding position is provided at the rear end of the vertical beam member of the trailer body,
A semi-trailer for container loading, wherein both the standard container and the long container can be loaded in a state where the center in the longitudinal direction is set to the center of the loading platform of the trailer body. 2. The container loading semi-trailer according to claim 1 , wherein the fixing pin is slidably inserted into a receiving tube attached to an inner surface of a longitudinal beam member of the trailer main body to fix the frame and the receiving tube. When the rotary member is disposed between the plurality of fixed pins, the rotary member is operated to rotate. The semi-trailer for container loading, wherein the plurality of fixing pins are simultaneously moved to an open position, and the plurality of fixing pins are simultaneously moved to a fixing position when the rotation operation of the rotating member is stopped.

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