CN115918502A - Controllable irrigation system composed of multiple emitters connected in communicating pipe form - Google Patents

Abstract

A controllable irrigation system composed of several irrigators connected in the form of communicating tube features that the tube, irrigator and water storage tank are connected to form a communicating tube, the water is delivered by the water head of said tube, the free water surface is formed in the cavity of irrigator and is restrained by floating ball, floating block and damping material, and the water level in the communicated containers is controlled by slow water injection or changing the horizontal height of water storage tank.

Description

Controllable irrigation system composed of multiple emitters connected in communicating pipe form

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water-saving irrigation. The communicating pipe mechanism based on incompressibility and continuity of water is characterized in that water is delivered to a plurality of inner cavities of the douches by means of a self-flowing head of water in a pipeline, so that water is stored in the inner cavities of the douches to form free water surfaces restrained by damping materials, the height of the water level of the inner cavities of the water storage tanks is changed by slowly injecting water or lifting the water storage tanks, the free water surfaces of the inner cavities of the douches connected in series in the system are lifted by means of the principle that the water levels in communication are consistent, a plurality of douches with different intervals in a certain distance can overflow water with the same quantity in the same time, and soil in a certain range can be uniformly irrigated.

Background

The purpose of water-saving irrigation is to ensure the supply of water according to the growth rule of plants and to reduce the loss of water as much as possible. At present, water-saving irrigation equipment mainly based on drip irrigation and sprinkling irrigation technologies mostly depends on a pressure compensation mode to realize micro-irrigation. That is, water delivery, the function of delivering water to soil by an emitter connected into a pipeline is completed at a certain compensation pressure under the condition that the inner cavity of a water delivery pipeline is filled with water. That is, the inner cavity of the pipe must be filled with water, otherwise, pressure compensation cannot be carried out, and the emitter cannot discharge water. Secondly, the water outlet mode realized in a pressure compensation mode realizes micro water outlet by the microporous structure of the douche to achieve the aim of micro irrigation, and the microporous structure has high manufacturing cost and high possibility of blockage.

The purpose of the micro-irrigation is to form a wet area suitable for the root system of the crop to absorb water at a certain depth of the soil. Thus, the wet area should be a three-dimensional range that matches the morphology of the plant root system. The wetting area in the three-dimensional range can be formed by infiltrating soil with outlet water in a point shape or in a linear or planar shape. The condition that the real-time water requirement of crops is met is that the water content of the soil in a certain range is adapted to the real-time requirement of crop growth, and the water outlet mode is not used for infiltrating the soil. The condition for achieving the effect of water-saving irrigation is to control the supply of water as much as possible according to the real-time requirements of crops and reduce the loss of water. Subsurface infiltration is a more water-efficient irrigation technique than drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation from the surface. The controllable irrigation system is composed of several douches connected in the form of communicating pipe, and can utilize damping current stabilizer to slowly inject water and lift water storage tank to make the free water surface of inner cavity of the douche produce lifting and falling of same height so as to attain the goal of infiltrating irrigation by means of controllable overflow mode from douches. The method can be buried underground, and can implement underground infiltrating irrigation in a mode of controllable generation or extinction of an underground water layer to a certain extent, and can also be applied to surface overflow infiltrated soil, so that the method is more suitable for implementing water-saving irrigation on large-area dry crops.

The invention content is as follows:

the controllable irrigation system is formed by a plurality of irrigators connected in a communicating pipe mode, a plurality of closed irrigators with certain inner cavity volumes are connected by pipelines, water flows in the pipelines in a water flow head self-pressure mode, namely, the water head pressure of the water when the water source is input into the closed pipelines and the natural flow under the power of the initial water head are input to the irrigators through the closed pipelines; the water level of the water reserved in the cavity of the emitter is raised due to the accumulation of inflow water, when the water level exceeds the output section of the connecting pipe, a communicating pipe phenomenon shown in figure 15 can be formed in the water source injection pipeline, the filter, the damping flow stabilizer, the connecting pipeline and the cavity of the emitter, free water surfaces with different water level heights are generated in the cavity of the emitter, the horizontal level heights of the free water surfaces in the cavity of the emitter at the same horizontal height are consistent, and the consistent free water surfaces can maintain the overflow water level of the emitter and the overflow of water; as shown in figure 19, after the free water surface height of the water storage tank 23 changes, the free water surface of the inner cavity of the emitter can change, when the rising water quantity of the water surface exceeds the free water surface of the water level which is designed to overflow the inner cavity, the exceeding part can overflow the designed water level which overflows the water level, and water can be slowly injected through the damping flow stabilizer, so that the rising free water surface of the inner cavity of the emitter overflows, soil around the emitter is soaked, and the purpose of irrigation is achieved.

A controllable irrigation system composed of a plurality of douches connected in a communicating pipe mode can be provided with a plurality of branches with the same level, and each branch can be connected with a plurality of douches with the same level. In a controllable irrigation system comprising a plurality of emitters connected in the form of communication pipes, the mechanism of water transport is as shown in fig. 15, and the original horizontal plane YP is uniform at rest for the communication pipe system regardless of the diameter of each branch pipe ZG. When a certain amount of water is injected from a certain pipe to serve as the total increase ZZL in the communicating pipe system, each branch pipe ZG in the communicating pipe system can obtain the corresponding branch pipe increase SG. Although the diameters of the branch pipes are different, the obtained amount of added water SG is different, but the rising level ZP of each branch pipe after the addition of water is consistent. Namely, the rising water levels ZP of the branch pipes after water is added are on the same horizontal line. While the level of the branch pipes injected with the total increase ZZL falls back from the ZS level to coincide with the raised level ZP of each branch pipe. With the original level YP of each branch pipe as the designed overflow free water surface, the increased amount SG of water can overflow from the original level YP. The branch pipes in the communication pipe system are changed into the douches, the total increment ZZL is output from the water storage tank connected with the system, and the water overflowing from the douches is the output water 28 of the water storage tank after the water storage tank is lifted. As the rising water level ZP of the branch pipe is higher than the original static water level YP, the potential energy difference of the two water levels is the kinetic energy when the water overflows. According to the mechanism of the communicating pipe system, after the douches at the same level are communicated by the closed pipeline, as long as the height of the douches is larger than the diameter of the communicating pipe by a certain amount and the input flow of water is enough, the water can be transmitted to the terminal douches with unlimited distance from the same level through the system from the source, and all the douches in the whole system can have the same free water surface height. Therefore, the controllable irrigation system consisting of a plurality of the irrigators connected in the form of the communicating pipes can completely implement the irrigation purpose of adapting to the water requirement of crop growth in real time on different irrigation targets in a certain area at a certain distance and length with low energy consumption, improve the efficiency of water-saving irrigation, facilitate the troubleshooting by using a pipeline dredging technology, and also can be dismantled, shifted and laid.

The attached drawings of the specification:

FIG. 1: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a controllable irrigation system consisting of a plurality of communicating-tube-connected emitters

1-filter 2-pipeline 3-damping current stabilizer 4-throttling connecting pipe

5-box type irrigator 6-plug connecting pipe 7-spoon type irrigator

23- -Water storage tank 24- -Flexible pipe

FIG. 2: FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of an irrigation water inlet

1.1- -water injection valve 1.2- -filter element 1.3- -U-shaped pipe 1.4- -outlet

2-pipeline 3.1-water collecting cavity 3.2-middle partition plate 3.3-water collecting cavity

3.4- -output interface 3.5- -damping ball 3.6- -front baffle

FIG. 3: FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a cassette emitter

5.1- -upper cover 5.2- -upper cover rib plate 5.3- -vault 5.4- -upper cover facade

5.5- -fast overflow gap 5.6- -vertical surface of shell 5.7- -guide plate

5.8- -a communication port 5.9- -a housing inner cavity 5.10- -a spillway hole 5.11- -a water collecting tank

5.12- -upper surface of the housing 5.13- -water collection groove ridge 5.14- -floating block guide groove

7.5- -damping materials

FIG. 4: FIG. 4 throttle connecting pipe

4-throttle connecting pipe 4.1-orifice

FIG. 5: fig. 5 plug-in connection pipe

6-plug connection pipe

FIG. 6: FIG. 6 structure diagram of scoop-type emitter

4-throttle connecting pipe 7-spoon-shaped irrigator 7.1-end sealing plate 7.2-end overflow gap

7.3- -diagonal 7.4- -flat 7.5- -damping packing

FIG. 7: FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a slider

8- -floating block 8.1- -guide pillar 8.2- -guide opening 8.3- -tunnel 8.4- -taper

FIG. 8: fig. 8 structure diagram of sucking strip holder

9-sucking strip holder 9.1-convex ridge 9.2-water collecting surface 9.3-support leg

9.4- -saddle 9.5- -bayonet

FIG. 9: FIG. 9 is a diagram of the placement of a floating block in the inner cavity of a cassette emitter

5.1- -upper cover 5.2- -rib plate 5.3- -vault 5.7- -guide plate 5.8- -communication port

5.9- -shell inner cavity 8- -floating block 8.1- -guide post

FIG. 10: FIG. 10 is a schematic view of filling the floating ball in the inner cavity of the box-type emitter

5.1- -upper cover 5.2- -upper cover rib plate 5.3- -vault arc 5.8- -communication port

5.9- -housing inner chamber 8- -floating block 10- -floating ball

FIG. 11: FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the laying of sucking strips in the inner cavity of a box-type emitter

5.1- -upper cover 5.2- -upper cover rib plate 5.7- -guide plate 5.8- -communication port

5.9-housing inner cavity 5.11-water collection tank 5.13-water collection tank ridge

9-suction strip building frame 10-floating ball 11-suction strip

FIG. 12: FIG. 12 is a view showing a water-retaining structure

12- -Water stop direct 12.1- -boss 12.2- -circulation sign 12.3- -waterline sign

12.4- -waterline line 12.5- -water retaining rib plate

FIG. 13: FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the water-blocking function

12.4- -water blocking line 12.5- -water blocking rib plate 12.6- -water stopping line

FIG. 14: FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the water barrier directly acting on the pipe joint

12- -direct 12.5 of manger plate- -manger plate gusset 12.6- -sealing-up line

13- -short pipe 14- -elbow 15- -water flow direction

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of: FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing water level changes in a plurality of emitter chambers connected in a communicating tube

ZZL- -Total increment ZS- -assumed horizontal ZG- -Branch tube

SG- -increase of branch pipe ZP- -increase level YP- -original level

FIG. 16: FIG. 16 schematic diagram of emitter burying

2-pipe 5-box-type irrigator 16-soil 17-earth surface

18-box type douche water overflow line 19-hydrophobic material

FIG. 17: FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a cartridge-type emitter equipped with a vibrator

5.1- -upper cover 5.7- -guide plate 5.8- -communication port 5.9- -housing inner cavity

5.10- -spillway hole 5.11- -water collecting tank 5.15- -clamping seat

20-AC inductor 21-vibration component 22-external power line

FIG. 18: FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the inner cavity of a magnetic float filling box type emitter

5.1- -upper cover 5.9- -shell cavity 10- -floating ball

20-AC inductor 22-external power line

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of: FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the water storage tank

2-pipe 5-irrigator 23-water storage tank 24-hose

25- -original level 26- -liftable level 27- -increasing water quantity in the inner cavity of the emitter

28- -water storage tank output water volume

The method comprises the following specific implementation steps:

a controllable irrigation system composed of a plurality of irrigators connected in a communicating tube manner as shown in figure 1 is formed by hermetically connecting a filter 1, a damping current stabilizer 3, a water storage tank 23, a box-type irrigator 5 and a spoon-type irrigator 7 by a pipeline 2 or a throttling connecting pipe 4 and an inserting connecting pipe 6 to form a communicating tube structure as shown in figure 15, and the controllable irrigation system composed of a plurality of irrigators connected in a communicating tube manner is formed.

As shown in fig. 2, water source passes through a water injection valve 1.1, a filter element 1.2 and a U-shaped pipe 1.3 of the filter 1, and is injected into a damping flow stabilizer 3 from an output port 1.4 of the filter 1 through a pipeline 2. In the inner cavity of the damping current stabilizer 3, because of the separation of the front partition plate 3.6, the middle partition plate 3.2 and the water collection cavity 3.3, the water flow in the inner cavity of the damping current stabilizer 3 is in an S-shaped flow shape: the water is injected from the lower end of the water accumulation cavity 3.1 and flows out from the upper end of the water accumulation cavity under the obstruction of the front clapboard 3.6; then the water flows out from the lower end of the middle clapboard 3.2; blocked by the water collecting cavity 3.3, the water flow is forced to flow from the lower part to the upper part of the water collecting cavity 3.3 to the output interface 3.4. The inner cavity of the damping current stabilizer 3, the damping balls 3.5 with certain specification and quantity are filled between the front baffle 3.6 and the water collecting cavity 3.3, which can absorb the kinetic energy of water flow and occupy certain inner cavity space, can reduce the injection amount of water, and attenuate the kinetic energy of water injected into the filter 1, the pipeline 2 and the damping current stabilizer 3, so that the water output by the output interface 3.4 of the damping current stabilizer is increased to the free water surface of the water reserved in the inner cavity of the box-type irrigator 5 in a static pressure mode similar to a communicating pipe shown in figure 15. The water output from the damping current stabilizer 3 can be directly injected into the reusable irrigator branch which overflows from the free water surface through the throttling connecting pipe 4, and can also be injected into the branch through the water storage tank 23.

As shown in figure 3, the upper cover 5.1 of the box-shaped douche 5 is buckled on the upper plane 5.12 of the shell, so that the rib plate 5.2 of the upper cover is lapped on the convex ridge 5.13 of the water collecting tank, and an overhead space is formed between the inner surface of the top of the upper cover 5.1 and the upper plane 5.12 of the shell; the upper cover vertical surface 5.4 is wrapped by the shell vertical surface 5.6, and a gap between the two vertical surfaces forms a quick overflow gap 5.5; the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell of the box-shaped douche 5 is divided into different communicated spaces by the water collecting groove convex ridge 5.13 and the guide plate 5.7; the raised ridge 5.13 of the water collecting tank is lower than the upper plane 5.12 of the shell, forms a water collecting tank 5.11 with the opposite vertical surface 5.6 of the shell, the water collecting tank 5.11 is filled with damping materials 7.5, and the bottom of the tank is provided with an overflow hole 5.10; a floating block guide groove 5.14 is formed in the middle of the guide plate 5.7, and forms a floating space of a floating block 8 with a dome arc 5.3 on the upper cover rib plate 5.2; the upper edge of the convex ridge 5.13 of the water collecting tank forms a free water surface of slow overflow water, the horizontal surface is clamped by a damping material 7.5, water exceeding the free water surface of the slow overflow water can overflow through the damping material 7.5 and infiltrate the soil through an overflow hole 5.10 at the bottom of the water collecting tank 5.11, and the overflow water quantity at the moment is the sum of the overflow quantities of the overflow holes 5.10 at the bottom of the water collecting tank 5.11; the upper plane 5.12 of the shell of the box-shaped irrigator 5 forms a fast overflow free water surface which is clamped by a damping material 7.5 as the slow overflow free water surface, water which exceeds the fast overflow free water surface can overflow and infiltrate soil through the damping material 7.5 or a fast overflow gap 5.5 with the length equal to the perimeter of the vertical surface 5.4 of the upper cover 5.1, and the overflow water quantity at the moment is the sum of the actual water surface area of the upper plane 5.12 of the shell and the overflow speed plus the water overflowing from an overflow hole 5.10 of a water collecting tank 5.11; according to the design, an overflow hole can be additionally arranged on the shell of the box-type irrigator 5 so as to meet the requirement of soil infiltration; the function of water conveying by the connection of injecting or outputting water into or out of the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell is realized by the throttle connecting pipe 4 penetrating through the communicating port 5.8 and penetrating through the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell or the inserting connecting pipe 6 inserted into the communicating port 5.8. The damping material 7.5 filled in the water collection tank 5.11 contributes to the overflow surface exceeding the slow overflow free water surface or the fast overflow free water surface, and maintains the height to the overflow surface due to the surface tension of water.

As shown in fig. 4, the throttle connection pipe 4 is formed by opening the throttle holes 4.1 at a predetermined distance from the outer wall of a connection pipe having a predetermined length. As shown in fig. 5, the connection pipe 6 is formed by cutting a certain length of the connection pipe according to the designed length. The diameters of the throttle connecting pipe 4 and the plug connecting pipe 6 are matched with the inner diameter of a communicating port 5.8 of the connected box-type irrigator 5.

As shown in figure 6, the spoon-shaped douche 7 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the throttling connecting pipe 4, a damping material 7.5 is buckled and pressed on the circumferential outer wall of the throttling connecting pipe 4 by the upper edge of the spoon-shaped douche 7, the end sealing plates 7.1 buckle the two longitudinal ends of the damping material, the upper end of the end overflow port 7.2 is aligned with the overflow direction of water of the throttling hole 4.1, the throttling hole 4.1 at the position is positioned in the middle of the spoon-shaped douche 7, then the spoon-shaped douche 7 is fixed at the specified position of the throttling connecting pipe 4 in a fastening mode, the flat plate 7.4 is perpendicular to the center line of the end overflow port 7.2 and is positioned right below the overflow direction of the spoon-shaped douche 4.1, and the inclined ribs 7.3 can fix the level of the spoon port plane of the spoon-shaped douche and the flat plate 7.4 and ensure that the spoon port plane of the spoon-shaped douche 7 is perpendicular to the center line of the end overflow port 7.2, thereby overcoming the influence of external force and the residual torsion force of the throttling connecting pipe 4. Water flowing through the inner cavity of the throttling connecting pipe 4 can leak downwards through the throttling hole 4.1, is immersed into the concave cavity of the spoon-shaped douche 7 through the damping material 7.5 and overflows through the end overflow port 7.2. When the water stored in the cavity of the spoon-shaped douche 7 is higher than the upper plane of the cavity, the water can also overflow from the joint of the spoon-shaped douche 7 and the outer wall of the throttling connecting pipe 4.

As shown in figure 7, the two sides of the floating block 8 are symmetrically provided with guide posts 8.1, the two ends of the lower part of the floating block are provided with a guide opening 8.2, a communicating tunnel 8.3 and a taper opening 8.4, the pipeline dredging device is guided by the guide opening 8.2, and the pipeline dredging device can penetrate through the inner cavity of the emitter 5 along the taper opening 8.4 through the communicating tunnel 8.3.

As shown in figure 9, the floating block 8 is clamped by the guide plate 5.7 of the box-type douche 5, the guide post 8.1 is clamped into the floating block guide groove 5.14 of the guide plate 5.7, so that the floating space of the floating block 8 is limited to the space formed by the guide plate 5.7 and the dome 5.3 of the upper cover rib plate 5.2. The leading port 8.2 of the floating block 8 is consistent with the axial line of the communicating port 5.8 of the box-type irrigator 5, when the system needs to be dredged, the dredging device can pass through the communicating port 5.8 of the box-type irrigator 5, follow the leading port 8.2 of the floating block 8 along the taper port 8.4, pass through the tunnel 8.3, pass through the floating block 8, then be guided into the communicating port 5.8 at the other side of the box-type irrigator 5, and penetrate through the box-type irrigator 5 and the connecting pipelines at the two sides of the box-type irrigator 5. The floating block 8 is arranged in the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell, not only has the function of occupying the volume and reducing the actual area of the free water surface of the overflow water, but also has the function of guiding the dredging device to penetrate through the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell to dredge the branch.

As shown in fig. 8, the sucking strip holder 9 is in a shape of a mirror surface like a Chinese character 'ji', the upper part is a water collecting surface 9.2, the outer end of the water collecting surface 9.2 is a saddle 9.4, the lower part of the saddle 9.4 is provided with a bayonet 9.5, the water collecting surface 9.2 is provided with a convex ridge 9.1 protruding from the plane, and the right part of the Chinese character 'ji' is a support leg 9.3 of the sucking strip holder 9.

As shown in figure 10, the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell of the box-type irrigator 5 is filled with a certain number of non-surface smooth floating balls 10 with certain specification, which can occupy a certain space to reduce the injected water quantity and quickly improve the free water level of the water reserved in the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell. By non-smooth surface, it is meant that the outer surface of the ball 10 is dimpled. The actual area of the free water surface of the slow overflow water formed by the convex ridge 5.13 of the water collecting groove is the difference of the geometrical area of the free water surface and the area occupied by the floating ball 10 and the floating block 8 floating on the water surface. Similarly, when the water level of the water accumulated in the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell reaches the upper plane 5.12 of the shell of the douche 5, the actual free water surface water level area of the rapid overflow is the geometric area of the upper plane 5.12 of the shell to reduce the difference of the areas invaded by the floating ball 10 and the floating block 8. Because the error of the geometric area in the manufacturing process is controllable and the error value is relatively small, the actual areas of the slow overflow free water surface and the rapid overflow free water surface of the inner cavity 5.9 of the emitter 5 are determined by the quantity, the volume and the specific gravity of the floating blocks 8 and the floating balls 10 which can be designed. Different filling schemes of the floating blocks 8 and the floating balls 10 can be provided in the douches 5 connected in series in the branch, so that different actual overflow areas can be provided. The reduction of the actual surface area of the free overflow water means that the actual amount of water overflowing from the emitters 5 is reduced, and the different actual overflow areas in the emitters 5 are beneficial to balancing the error of the water receiving amount of the upstream emitter and the downstream emitter when the water is conveyed through the pipeline of the communication pipe system for a long distance.

As shown in figure 11, the water collecting surface 9.2 of the sucking strip holder 9 is arranged on the water collecting groove ridge 5.13 of the box-type emitter 5, the bayonet 9.5 of the saddle 9.4 at the outer end of the water collecting surface 9.2 is clamped and pressed on the water collecting groove ridge 5.13, the support leg 9.3 of the sucking strip holder 9 is supported on the bottom surface of the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell, the sucking strip 11 is laid from the bottom plane of the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell to the water collecting surface 9.2 along the support leg 9.3, is contained in an overhead space formed between the top inner surface of the upper cover 5.1 and the upper plane 5.12 of the shell and is fixed by the ridge 9,1 on the water collecting surface 9.2, and the front end of the sucking strip 11 extends to the water collecting groove 5.11. The suction strip 11 can suck water retained in the interior 5.9 of the suction housing so that the suction strip 11 is in a state of supersaturated water. The suction strip 11 is suspended by the raised ridge 9.1 on the water collection surface 9.2, and because the suction strip is in a state of containing supersaturated water, the sucked water overflows downwards under the action of self gravity and is collected on the water collection surface 9.2, and finally slides into the water collection tank 5.11, and overflows out of the box-shaped irrigator 5 through the overflow holes 5.10 of the water collection tank 5.11 and soaks soil.

As shown in figure 12, the water baffle plate 12 is provided with a raised water baffle rib plate 12.5 at the middle part of the inner cavity and a boss 12.1 at the corresponding position of the excircle. The boss 12.1 is carved with a waterline mark 12.3 corresponding to the upper plane of the water baffle rib plate 12.5, and a circulation mark 12.2 corresponding to the circulation section on the water baffle rib plate 12.5. The boss 12.1 is used as an external mark of the plane inclination angle of the water retaining rib plate 12.5, so that the boss can be arranged at the end part of the water retaining rib plate 12.

As shown in fig. 13, when the splash guard 12 is rotated, the horizontal plane of the inner splash guard 12.5 forms an inclined angle with respect to the horizontal plane, and one end of the inclined angle is lower than the horizontal plane to form a water stop line 12.6. At the moment, water which originally needs to cross the water retaining rib plate 12.5 can continuously flow to the downstream, the water can flow to the downstream as long as the water retaining rib plate crosses the water stop line 12.6, and after the water flow is static, the water level of the accumulated water in the inner cavity of the upstream pipeline also descends to the water stop line 12.6 from the water level of the water retaining rib plate 12.5. The inclined angle of the water retaining rib plate 12.5 can be displayed by the included angle between the waterline mark 12.3 on the boss 12.1 of the water retaining rib plate 12 and the marked line on the throttling connecting pipe 4. An angle dividing line can be carved between the waterline marks 12.3 to more visually indicate the inclination angle of the water retaining rib plate 12.5. The flow-through mark 12.2 can indicate the position of the flow-through section of the lumen of the water deflector 12.

As shown in fig. 14, when connecting pipes with different horizontal heights, the water blocking direct 12, the short pipe 13 and the elbow 14 are connected with the downstream pipe, so that the flow mark 12.2 on the boss 12.1 of the water blocking direct 12 is upward, and water flowing from upstream to downstream according to the direction of the water flow direction 15 can only flow to downstream after crossing the upper plane of the water blocking rib plate 12.5. The water stop plate 12 is rotated to incline the circulation sign 12.2, so that water can flow to the downstream as long as the water stop plate crosses a water stop line 12.6 generated after the water stop plate 12.5 is inclined. In both cases, a corresponding amount of water is trapped upstream without affecting the pipes of different levels connected directly by the water dam 12, the water flowing downstream in the direction of flow 15 in the pipes' lumen towards the far end of the pipe of the designed length. The water trapped by the water-retaining rib plate 12.5 or the water-stop line 12.6 in the upstream pipeline can be used as the overflow water yield of the scoop-shaped irrigator 7 fixed on the upstream throttling connecting pipe 4, namely the trapped water can be injected into the groove of the scoop-shaped irrigator 7 through the throttling hole 4.1 of the throttling connecting pipe 4 and overflows out of the end overflow port 7.2 to infiltrate the soil. When the included angle between the water baffle rib plate 12.5 in the water baffle direct 12 and the horizontal line of the inner cavity of the connecting pipe is determined, the water quantity which can be intercepted by the water stop line 12.6 of the water baffle rib plate 12.5 and the inner cavity of the horizontal pipe at the upstream of the water baffle rib plate is determined, and the total overflow quantity of all the spoon-shaped douches 7 which are fixedly attached in the section of the connecting pipe is also determined.

As shown in fig. 15, the bottom portions of the plurality of branch pipes ZG are connected to each other to form a connected pipe system, and at this time, the water originally stored in each branch pipe ZG is automatically balanced to the same original horizontal plane YP, that is, the horizontal planes in each branch pipe ZG are on the same horizontal plane. When water is injected into a certain branch pipe ZG, the other branch pipes ZG have different water increasing amounts due to the diameters, namely, the water increasing amount SG of each branch pipe, and the water level in each branch pipe ZG rises to the height increasing water level ZP. And the sum of the branch increase amounts SG in the respective branch pipes ZG should be equal to the total increase amount ZZL of the water injected into a certain branch pipe ZG. Each branch pipe ZG is changed into a box-type irrigator 5, the upper plane of the convex ridge 5.13 of the water collecting tank is taken as the original horizontal plane YP in the branch pipe ZG, so that the heightened horizontal plane ZP formed by the increased amount SG of the branch pipe is higher than the horizontal plane of the convex ridge 5.13 of the water collecting tank, and the heightened horizontal plane ZP crosses the free water surface of the slow overflow water taking the horizontal plane of the convex ridge 5.13 of the water collecting tank and flows into the water collecting tank 5.11, and then overflows the box-type irrigator 5 through an overflow hole 5.10 to infiltrate the soil. Similarly, if the water stored in the box-type irrigator 5 rises to the free water surface for fast overflow with the horizontal surface of the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell as the boundary, the water overflows from the box-type irrigator 5 through the fast overflow gap 5.5 to infiltrate the soil.

As shown in FIG. 16, the cassette emitter 5 with its attached tubing 2 can be buried in soil 16. The cassette type emitter 5 has an overflow line 18 at its lowest position of the overflow hole 5.10, and thus has a certain depth from the ground surface 17. The migration of water in soil is directed by the vector of the total water potential in the soil. The water overflowing from the box-emitter overflow line 18 is transported to the surface 17 under conditions where the lower soil has a higher water content than the upper soil. As a result, supersaturated water is produced in the soil below the box-emitter flood line 18. The hydrophobic material 19 with certain thickness and width is laid at the bottom of the box-type irrigator 5, so that the supersaturated water generated below the overflow line 18 of the box-type irrigator can be quickly diffused and transferred to a designed range along the laying direction of the hydrophobic material 19 by virtue of the hydrophobic characteristic of the hydrophobic material 19, and is absorbed by the soil 16 wrapped by the hydrophobic material 19 to achieve the purpose of infiltrating the soil. The hydrophobic material 19 which is laid by taking the douche as a node and expands the soil infiltration range can be laid by taking the node as a center and adopting a radiation mode. The damage to the soil structure and characteristics caused by the supersaturated water in the bottom soil below the lowest water overflow line 18 of the box-type irrigator 5 can be reduced while ensuring that the soil at the position of the box-type irrigator water overflow line 18 has the upward migration water content.

As shown in fig. 17, the vibrating plate component 21 is buckled and pressed on the clamping seat 5.15 of the inner wall of the vertical surface 5.6 of the shell of the box-type irrigator 5, the bottom of the alternating current inductor 20 is buckled and fastened on the guide plate 5.7 of the box-type irrigator 5 and is positioned right above the vibrating plate component 21, and the external power line 22 of the alternating current inductor 20 passes through the upper cover 5.1 of the box-type irrigator 5 to be connected with an external power supply. When the ac inductor 20 is powered by the external power line 22, the ac induction magnetic field generated by the ac inductor 20 will vibrate the vibration plate assembly 21 fixed on the card socket 5.15. The amplitude of the diaphragm assembly 21 is determined by the length of the diaphragm assembly 21 and the frequency and intensity of the ac inductor 20. The vibration of the vibrating plate component 21 can splash the water stored in the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell of the box-type emitter 5, splashed water drops can rise and be blocked by the upper cover 5.1 of the box-type emitter 5, the splashed water can spread, and certain parts of the splashed water drops can fall into the water collecting tank 5.11 and overflow through the overflow port 5.10 to infiltrate the soil. Since the ac inductor 20 is formed by combining a magnetic core, a coil, a capacitor, etc. and then pouring the combination with an insulating material, it can be immersed in water and can supply energy in the form of electromagnetic waves to vibrate the guide plate assembly 21. That is, wireless power supply can be performed not only by the external power line 22 but also in the form of electromagnetic waves.

As shown in fig. 18, an ac inductor 20 may be provided on the upper cover 5.1, powered by an external power cord 22 or in the form of radio waves. A certain magnetic material is arranged in the inner cavity of the floating ball 10. When the ac inductor 20 receives energy and emits electromagnetic waves, the floating ball 10 moves up and down in the water along with the frequency and intensity of the ac electromagnetic waves due to the magnetic material arranged in the inner cavity thereof, and thus the fluctuation of the water surface is excited. The excited wave crest of the water surface can exceed the slowly overflowing free water surface of the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell and then overflow through the overflow holes 5.10.

As shown in fig. 19, according to the mechanism of the communicating pipe, the fluctuation of the level of any branch pipe causes the fluctuation of the level of other branch pipes, and the fluctuation is on the same horizontal line at all levels. For a controllable irrigation system with a large-area and long-distance pipeline and consisting of a plurality of douches connected in a communicating pipe mode, in order to reduce the level fluctuation error of water stored in the inner cavity of each douche 5, a water storage tank 23 can be connected into the system through a hose 24. Lifting the water storage tank 23 means that the water level in the water storage tank 23 is lifted up with respect to the original water level, and the lifted water is transferred to a low level. The water in the raised water storage tank 23 will pass through the hose 24 into each emitter 5 of a controllable irrigation system consisting of a plurality of emitters connected in communication tubes. At this point, the level 25 within each emitter 5 will rise to the level of level 26. The water reservoir 23 will output an amount 28 equal to the sum of the added amounts 27 in all emitters 5 as it moves upwards. Because the water storage tank 23 and the system form a communicating pipe structure through the hose 24, the movement of water in the system is based on the integral shape following transfer of incompressibility and continuity of water, but not the injection of water outside a branch, and the change of the horizontal height of the water storage tank 23 can realize the micro change of the free water surface of the inner cavity of the water storage tank 23 through the controllable micro motion in a mechanical mode, so that the free water surface of the inner cavity 5.9 of each shell of the douche 5 connected into the system in a communicating pipe form also generates consistent micro change. The slight rise of the free water surface of the inner cavity 5.9 of the shell of the irrigator 5 determines the slight overflow, thereby achieving the purpose of micro-irrigation suitable for the real-time requirement of plant growth. This ensures not only the equilibrium of water distribution but also the controllability of the water overflowing from the emitter 5. The volume of the water storage tank 23 can be designed according to the primary overflow quantity of the branch, a plurality of water storage tanks 23 are connected at proper positions according to the length of the branch, the water storage tanks 23 connected into the system can be lifted to the horizontal height in a mechanical mode independently or in a linkage mode, and the overflow quantity of the emitter 5 is controlled by the mechanism of communicating pipes arranged on the branch.

The operation mechanism of a controllable irrigation system consisting of a plurality of douches connected in a communicating pipe mode is based on the mechanism of the communicating pipe. On the premise of ensuring the water injection amount of the system, as long as the injected water amount is larger than the water amount overflowing from the system design and the possible water consumption amount, the conveying distance of the water is theoretically unlimited. Therefore, when the system adopts the laying mode as shown in fig. 16, each box-type emitter 5 or scoop-type emitter 7 can be used as an output node of irrigation water, and the corresponding laying mode of the hydrophobic material 19 is designed according to the characteristics of the soil, so that the seepage direction of supersaturated water at the node is guided, the seepage radius of water is increased, and the area of wettable soil is expanded. Namely, a controllable irrigation system consisting of a plurality of irrigators connected in a communicating pipe form can be changed into an underground water storage and transportation system with certain artificial control function, and the irrigation technology of underground infiltrating irrigation with more water saving can be implemented. For the communicating pipe structure, not only water is added in one branch pipe ZG, but also the water is evenly transmitted to other branch pipes ZG in the structure. In addition, water may be added to a plurality of branch pipes ZG in the communication pipe structure at the same time or at different times, and the water may be distributed to each branch pipe ZG in a balanced manner, and the free water surface of the water in each branch pipe ZG may be maintained at the same horizontal level. The water quantity transmission error caused by the transmission distance of the communicating pipe structure can be controlled by using the surface tension of water by arranging the damping material at the horizontal plane of the communicating pipe or the branch pipe, and the water quantity transmission error can also be balanced by other technical means. By the mechanism, the controllable irrigation system formed by a plurality of the irrigators connected in the form of the communicating pipe comprises the irrigators, the overflow quantity of which can be controlled according to the design, thereby achieving the purpose of adapting to the requirements of plant growth on soil moisture content in real time and realizing more water-saving irrigation in the form of micro-irrigation.

Claims (18)

1. A controllable irrigation system composed of several communicating tubes connected by water irrigators features that the free water surface at a certain height in the cavity of said irrigator is used to flood soil, the irrigation water flows under the action of the pressure of water head and is delivered to several irrigators connected to said tubes, and the water in the cavity of said irrigator is in free state to form different free water surfaces.

The controllable irrigation system is formed by connecting a plurality of irrigators connected in a communicating pipe mode, and is formed by connecting a filter, a damping flow stabilizer, a throttling connecting pipe, a splicing connecting pipe, a box-shaped irrigator, a spoon-shaped irrigator, a water storage tank and a hose.

The filter is formed by connecting a plurality of U-shaped pipelines in series, and a plurality of filter elements are arranged in the pipelines so that the water receiving end can bear water input by a water source and then the water is output to the damping flow stabilizer through the pipelines.

The damping flow stabilizer is a device which is formed by a damping plate and a damping body in a closed device body and used for slowing down the flow velocity of flowing water, water is input from the filter, and water is output from the output port to the throttling connecting pipe.

The throttling connecting pipe is a connecting pipe which is provided with a plurality of throttling holes at intervals and has a certain length, and the throttling connecting pipe sequentially passes through the inner cavities of the plurality of douches through the communication ports of the douches, so that each throttling hole corresponds to one inner cavity of the douches, and the throttling holes are used for injecting water into the corresponding inner cavity of the douches.

The inserting connection pipe is a connection pipe with a certain length, one end of the inserting connection pipe is communicated with an upstream water source, and the other end of the inserting connection pipe is inserted into the inner cavity of the douche through a communication port at one end of the douche and communicated with the inner cavity of the douche.

The box-type irrigator is characterized in that an upper cover of the box-type irrigator is buckled and pressed on a shell of the box-type irrigator, a rib plate of the upper cover of the box-type irrigator is buckled and pressed on a ridge of a water collecting tank of the shell of the box-type irrigator, an overhead space is formed between the upper plane of the shell of the box-type irrigator and the inner plane of the top of the upper cover of the box-type irrigator, the vertical face of the upper cover of the box-type irrigator surrounds the vertical face of the shell of the box-type irrigator, so that the inner cavity of the irrigator is in a closed state, a connecting pipe is inserted into communicating ports at two ends of the shell of the box-type irrigator, the ridge of the water collecting tank and a floating block guide plate of the shell of the box-type irrigator divide the inner cavity of the shell of the box-type irrigator into different and communicable spaces, damping materials, a floating block and a floating ball can be respectively filled, and a sucking strip lap and a sucking strip are arranged, the overlapped part of the vertical surface of the upper cover of the box-shaped douche and the vertical surface of the shell of the box-shaped douche forms a rapid overflow gap, the bottom of the water collecting tank is provided with overflow holes, the upper edge of the ridge of the water collecting tank is the free horizontal surface of slow overflow of the douche, the upper plane of the shell of the box-shaped douche is the free horizontal surface of rapid overflow of the douche, when the horizontal surface of the inner cavity of the douche exceeds the free horizontal surface of the slow overflow, water overflows from the overflow holes of the water collecting tank through damping materials, when the horizontal surface exceeds the free horizontal surface of the rapid overflow, water overflows from the rapid overflow gap formed by the overlapped part of the vertical surface of the upper cover of the box-shaped douche and the vertical surface of the shell of the box-shaped douche through damping materials, and overflow holes can be additionally designed on the shell of the box-shaped douche, and the water overflowing from the inner cavity of the shell of the box-shaped douche can directly infiltrate soil.

The floating block is clamped by a guide plate of the inner cavity of the irrigator and floats up and down along the floating block guide groove according to the water level of the inner cavity of the irrigator, and the guide port, the conical port and the communicating tunnel at the lower part can guide the pipeline dredging device to penetrate through the inner cavity of the irrigator where the floating block is positioned so as to dredge the pipeline.

The spoon-shaped irrigator is fixed on the outer wall of the throttling connecting pipe in a fastening mode, the end sealing plate and the damping material filled in the groove are sealed with the outer wall of the throttling connecting pipe, the groove receives water output by the throttling hole in the throttling connecting pipe, the flat plate and the inclined rib plate can overcome the residual torsion of the throttling connecting pipe with a certain length and keep the horizontal state of the spoon-shaped irrigator, when the free water surface in the groove exceeds the lower edge of an end surface overflow port on the end sealing plate, the water can overflow outwards, and when the free water surface exceeds the upper plane of the groove, the water can overflow from the joint of the spoon-shaped irrigator and the throttling connecting pipe, and the overflowed water can directly infiltrate into soil.

The water storage tank is a water storage container which is connected with a pipeline by a hose and can be lifted and horizontally positioned, the volume of the water storage tank is determined according to a certain multiple of the sum of the overflow and the water output of an irrigation emitter in the system, and an injection port of the water storage tank is communicated with the atmosphere.

2. The controllable irrigation system according to claim 1 consisting of several connected irrigation emitters in the form of communicating tubes, technically characterized in that the kinetic and potential energy of the water from the water source, after passing through the filter and the damping regulator, is converted into transmission energy mainly based on the static pressure in the connecting tube and the emitters, so that the variation of the level of the cavities in the system has the characteristic of communicating tubes, keeping the free level of the cavities in the emitters at the same level.

3. The controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 consisting of several communicating tubes connected to each other, technically characterized by that the upstream end of the system is filled with water through the orifice of the throttle connecting tube, so that the water flow rate to the upstream and downstream emitters can be balanced according to the water delivery rate and the actual volume of the emitter's cavity.

4. The controllable irrigation system according to claim 1 consisting of a plurality of communicating tube connected emitters technically characterized by the fact that the height of the water collection trough ridge inside the emitter housing is greater than the diameter of the communication opening, and the height of the emitter elevation is greater than the height of the water collection trough ridge.

5. A controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 consisting of a plurality of communicating emitters, technically characterized by damping material in the emitter chamber to prevent water from overflowing between the overflow surface and the overflow gap, and to increase the free surface of water.

6. The controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, which is composed of several communicating tubes connected to each other, and is technically characterized by that said system is a structure formed by hermetically connecting closed pipeline and several communicating tubes, and has the characteristics of uniform free water level in the communicating tubes and unlimited water-conveying distance on the same level.

7. The controllable irrigation system according to claim 1 consisting of a plurality of emitters connected in the form of communicating tubes, technically characterized in that the rib plates of the upper cover of the emitter are overlapped on the ridges of the water collection tank of the emitter housing, so that a certain overhead space can be formed between the inner surface of the top of the upper cover of the emitter and the upper plane of the emitter housing.

8. A controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 consisting of several communicated-tube connected irrigators technically features that said irrigators have the working conditions of slow overflow for overflowing water through overflow holes of water collecting tank, fast overflow for overflowing water through gap of fast overflow, and comprehensive overflow for providing overflow holes.

9. The controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, which is composed of several communicating tubes connected to form an irrigation emitter, and is technically characterized by that it has a sucking strip holder and a sucking strip is laid on it to suck the water lower than the ridge of water collecting tank into the sucking strip body, and the sucking strip holder has a sucking strip holder raised rib to make the sucking strip raised, so that the saturated water sucked into the sucking strip body can overflow under the action of gravity and then overflow along the water collecting surface through the water collecting tank overflow hole.

10. The controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 consisting of several communicating-tube connected emitters technically features that the damping stabilizer and the emitters are filled with floating balls or blocks to reduce the volume of their internal cavities, resulting in low water injection and low water flow rate.

11. The controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, which is composed of a plurality of emitters connected in communication tubes, and is technically characterized in that the outer surface of the floating ball is a non-smooth surface, and a magnetic material is arranged in the inner cavity of the ball.

12. The controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, which is composed of a plurality of irrigators connected in communication tubes, and is technically characterized in that the bottom of the floating block is provided with an introduction nozzle, an introduction cone, a guide notch and a guide groove of the dredging device, so that the dredging device can conveniently penetrate through the inner cavity of the irrigator from the pipeline.

13. A controllable irrigation system according to claim 1 consisting of a plurality of communicating connected emitters, technically characterized by the fact that the ports of the connecting tubes of the inner chamber of the box-type emitters are inserted at a certain distance.

14. The controllable irrigation system according to claim 1 consisting of a plurality of irrigators connected in a communicating tube is technically characterized in that a water retaining plate is arranged in the connection of the pipeline, and the water retaining plate can distribute upstream and downstream water storage quantity and downstream flow quantity with a water retaining rib plate and a water retaining line.

15. A controllable irrigation system according to claim 1 consisting of a plurality of emitters connected in communicating tubes, characterised in that the volume of the emitter's internal cavity is a sufficiently large multiple of the cross-sectional area of the connecting tube.

16. The controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, which is composed of several connected irrigators, and is technically characterized by that said irrigators are used as overflow nodes, and the water-draining material can be laid in a certain radius to expand the range of soil-wetting region.

17. The system of claim 1, wherein the emitter is a controllable emitter system comprising a plurality of interconnected emitters, wherein the emitter system is capable of delivering water from the emitter chamber by controlled mechanical vibration.

18. The controllable irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 consisting of several communicating tubes connected to form an irrigation emitter, which is technically characterized by that several water tanks can be connected to the system, and the original level can be changed in single or linked mode, and the overflow quantity of the irrigation emitter can be controlled by means of micro-lifting.

Images