CN1159042A - 显示装置 - Google Patents

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CN1159042A
CN1159042A CN96117257A CN96117257A CN1159042A CN 1159042 A CN1159042 A CN 1159042A CN 96117257 A CN96117257 A CN 96117257A CN 96117257 A CN96117257 A CN 96117257A CN 1159042 A CN1159042 A CN 1159042A
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liquid crystal
polaroid
crystal indicator
reflection
angle
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李青山
李兆基
余伟良
尹嘉雯
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Varintelligent BVI Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1396—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
    • G02F1/1397—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell the twist being substantially higher than 90°, e.g. STN-, SBE-, OMI-LC cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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Abstract

一种产生不同色彩的液晶显示装置(100)包括具有前后偏光片(1)和(8)的液晶元件，其中后偏光片是光透射、反射和/或透反射的。在后偏光片是透射或透反射的情况下，可提供一宽带的背光(9)，以改善图像质量。通过应用引起元件延迟变化的电场，可在液晶显示装置中产生各种色彩。在一个实施例中，在前偏光片(1)和产生不同色彩的液晶元件的其它元件之间设有延迟层。

Description

显示装置
本发明涉及显示装置，尤其涉及产生不同色彩的液晶显示装置。
这些通常可多路复用的装置的缺点在于它们在环境光或人造光特别是氖光中是最暗的，这些装置运用可多路复用的驱动器，该驱动器能产生用于选择性地同时产生多个色彩的各种电压。
本发明的一个目的是寻找一种减轻此缺点的方法。
依据本发明提供了一种产生不同色彩的液晶显示装置，该装置包括具有前偏光片和后偏光片的液晶元件，其中后偏光片是光透射、反射和/或透反射的。
偏光片可以是可互换的。这保证了后偏光片的转换，以提供一种可灵活操作的适宜的或可调节的显示装置。
后偏光片可以是透反射的。这保证了在大部分背景点亮情况下有效而明亮的显示。
可以有一适用于向前偏光片的方向在后偏光片上提供入射光的光源。
这再一次保证了增强的彩色成像。
液晶元件可以包括一对衬底，每个衬底都支撑着电极且用提供元件厚度‘d’的衬垫隔开，此液晶元件还加上了覆盖每个电极的取向层，以使装入元件的液晶对准，如此构成液晶元件，从而液晶的光各向异性Δn和元件厚度‘d’的乘积在1.4到1.6μm范围内。这保证了最佳的亮度。
该装置中液晶的扭转角在230°到250°之间，最好是240°。
靠近取向层的液晶层可具有1°到10°范围内的倾角。
元件厚度d与间距p的比值(d/p的比值)可以在0.5到1.0的范围内。
偏光片吸收轴与靠近衬底(它靠近偏光片)的液晶层取向方向之间的角度在30°到60°范围内。
此装置包括静电/可多路复用的驱动器，此驱动器能产生各种电压，但它具有一公共的基准电压，从而可同时显示多个色彩。
参考附图，通过举例在以下描述用于产生不同色彩的液晶显示装置的两个实施例。
图1示出依据本发明第一实施例的彩色编码超扭转向列型显示器(CCSTN)的剖面图；
图2简略地示出图1所示装置的各种轴和摩擦方向；
图3示出计算得到的归一化照度与元件延迟的关系曲线；
图4a示出计算得到的归一化照度与液晶预倾角的关系曲线；
图4b示出计算得到的归一化照度与扭转角的关系曲线；
图4c示出在不同扭转角下的背景色彩坐标；
图5示出以所加电压的函数计算得到的用于典型反射型CCSTN的色彩坐标；
图6示出以静电驱动方案下所加电压(0-3伏)的函数测得的用于典型反射型CCSTN的色彩坐标；
图7a示出以1/64占空比和1/9偏压的多路复用方案下所加电压的函数测得的用于图6元件的色彩坐标；
图7b示出以1/128占空比和1/12偏压的多路复用方案下所加电压的函数从典型透反射型CCSTN测得的色彩坐标；
图8示出依据本发明第二实施例的彩色编码超扭转向列型显示器(FCCSTN)的剖面图；
图9简略地示出图8中所示装置的各种轴和摩擦方向；以及
图10示出以1/64占空比和1/9偏压的多路复用方案下所加电压的函数测得的用于图8元件的的色彩坐标。
参考这些附图，示出同时产生不同色彩的液晶显示装置100的第一实施例，该装置由一可多路复用的驱动器(未示出)来驱动，该驱动器能产生各种电压，在本实施例中可产生至少四个电压，以同时选择性地产生多个色彩。
装置100(图1)包括支撑衬底、层或板2的前(在使用)线偏光片1、各个前后电极层3a、3b(例如形成一个点阵)、取向层4、圆形密封5、向列型液晶6、玻璃纤维和/或聚合物球等隔开的衬垫7，以及后(在使用)线偏光片8。还有一适用于在后偏光片上提供入射光的光源9。
参考图2，该图示出用于装置100的各种轴和摩擦方向，箭头1指前线偏光片1的吸收轴，箭头2指后线偏光片2的吸收轴，箭头3指后衬底2的摩擦方向，箭头4指前衬底2的摩擦方向，角α指前线偏光角，角β指后线偏光角，以及角φ指液晶6的总扭转角。在图5中，示出计算得到的坐标(C.I.E.1931)。经模拟的彩色编码超扭转向列型显示器(CCSTN)的延迟值是1.5μm，扭转角是240°，元件距离或厚度与间距(d/p)的比值是0.55μm，倾角是5°，前后偏光角分别是10°和80°。这相对于显示器的一个特殊实施例，在图6中示出该实施例的其它参数，显示器的延迟值还可以是1.40-1.60μm，更好是1.45-1.50μm，最好是1.5μm，扭转角是240°，d/p的比值是0.55μm，然而倾角是4°。液晶1333(BDH/Merck)或等价的，前后偏光角分别是15°和80°。
图1示出的实施例相应于一彩色电-光装置，该装置由夹在两个偏光片之间的超扭转向列型液晶元件构成。把正介质各向异性的液晶装入元件中，该元件由两个支撑衬底2制成，这两个衬底2可以是用粘合剂层压的玻璃并用玻璃纤维和聚合物球等衬垫7隔开。面对元件100内部的玻璃衬底2的表面上涂有一层透明电极，诸如铟锡氧化物等，使用常规的光刻蚀工艺把电极层3a、3b构图层点阵的形式。应用手性掺杂并在电极的两面涂上各向异性对准层，把液晶的扭转角设定为240°±10°。通过元件延迟变化所加的电场可产生各种色彩。可根据偏光片的类型由透射、透反射和/或反射方式操作此装置。每种方式提供了不同的优点，并依据显示装置所需的特性来选择。
在透射操作方式的情况下，前后偏光片1、8必须分别是透射型的，且都使用背光，诸如冷阴极荧光灯、钨灯丝的灯或白色场致发光(宽频带)灯9等。
使用位于元件100后侧的透反射偏光片8以及白色(宽频带)背光9，诸如彩色阴极荧光灯、场致发光灯或钨灯丝的灯，来实现透反射显示。
在透射和透反射方式中，背光的发射范围最好是350-750nm 。
当把反射偏光片加到元件的后侧，反射显示导致根据周围点亮情况产生鲜艳的多个色彩。驱动方案包括从静电到高电平多路复用(甚至超出1/240的占空比)，可应用该驱动方案而不使色彩和亮度发生明显的变化。最好使用能产生各种灰度级的微型控制器，以驱动在多路复用方案下同时产生不同色彩的装置。
在较佳实施例中，倾角从1°到10°不等，d/p的比值可以在0.5到1.0的范围内，液晶材料的光各向异性(Δn)与元件厚度‘d’的乘积在1.4到1.6μm范围内。可以理解实施本发明的装置可同时选择性地产生多个色彩，而不使用彩色滤光器或滤光器。此外，用透反射后偏光片和背光光源9，可在所有周围情况(都具有周围背景光和人造光)下获得明亮的图像，此外可在黑暗中操作此装置，所有情况下多色彩图像也是明亮且鲜艳的。加上合适的电压，该图像可以是移动或静态的。从最少四个色彩可选择性地产生多色彩图像。通过选择的驱动电压或驱动方案，可有效地把显示器的每个像素转换成不同的色彩。顾名思义，透反射偏光片既可反射光也可透射光。例如在一暗室中，在透射方式中将激励背光9，在反射方式中环境光将占优势，在透反射方式中人造光将占优势，但在后两种情况下都将激励光9，以提供明亮和鲜艳的图像。后偏光片可以电子方式转换到透射、反射、透反射方式三种方式中的一种。改变偏光角和延迟角可实现多色彩图像的最佳亮度。
通过选择所述元件延迟、倾角和扭转角的范围，可获得如图3、4a和4b所示的最大照度(即最大亮度)。此外，如图4c所示，240°的扭转角最接近于高能点(x，y＝0.33，0.33)，这是选择扭转角在240°±10°的原因。元件参数也被优化，以在电压变化时产生色彩的最大变化。
图7b涉及的装置具有6.2μm的元件距离，该装置被充入光各向异性为0.24的Rodic液晶RDP41117E087。扭转角被设定为240°，前后偏光角分别是15°和80°。应用冷阴极荧光灯来照亮装置的前和后侧，以提供如图7b所示的色彩坐标大小。该装置的元件延迟是1.49μm。也可使用具有6.4μm元件距离的Merck1333液晶，以产生1.47μm的元件延迟。元件延迟是一个重要的参数。
图8、9和10涉及本发明的第二实施例。相同的标号指与上述第一实施例共有的元件。
图8示出液晶显示装置200的第二实施例。在此实施例中，在前偏光片1和前玻璃衬底2之间插入一个或多个单轴和/或双轴延迟薄膜1′。(各)延迟薄膜1′给出1640±20的合成延迟值。液晶显示装置200产生的色彩不同于第一实施例的装置100产生的色彩。延迟薄膜1′光轴的角度λ(如图9的箭头5所示)可被设定为35°±10°。此外，可使用透射、反射和、或透反射型后偏光片8，以控制产生的色彩。
插入一个或多个延迟薄膜使得背景的色彩更白(它削弱了背景呈现出浅绿色的趋势)，提供了一种改变所显示色彩，以及展宽视角的附加手段。该薄膜可有效地把线偏振光转换成椭圆偏振光，从而引起色彩的变化。在此实施例中，此薄膜是由聚碳酸酯制成的，并可从Nitro Denko、Polatechno和Sumitomo等化学公司获得。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于产生不同色彩的液晶显示装置，包括具有前偏光片和后偏光片的液晶元件，其特征在于后偏光片是光透射、反射和/或透反射的。
2.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于偏光片是可以互换的。
3.如权利要求2所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于后偏光片是透反射的。
4.如权利要求3所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于有一个适用于向前偏光片的方向对后偏光片提供入射光的光源。
5.如以上权利要求中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于液晶元件包括一对衬底，它们支撑电极并以提供元件厚度‘d’的衬垫隔开，覆盖每个电极的取向层，以使装入该元件的液晶对准，以及如此形成液晶元件，从而液晶的光各向异性Δn与元件厚度‘d’的乘积在1.4到1.6μm范围内。
6.如权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于装置中液晶的扭转角在230°到250°范围内。
7.如权利要求6所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于靠近取向层的液晶层的倾角在1°到10°范围内。
8.如权利要求7所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于元件厚度的与间距p的比值(d/p的比值)在0.5到1.0范围内。
9.如权利要求5到8中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于偏光片吸收轴和液晶层取向方向之间的角度在30°到60°范围内，所述液晶层与靠近偏光片的衬底靠近。
10.如权利要求9所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于包括能产生不同电压但具有一公共基准电压的静电/可多路复用的驱动器，从而可同时显示多个色彩。
11.如以上权利要求中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于该装置是一种超扭转向列型显示器。
12.如以上权利要求中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于包括至少一个延迟薄膜。
13.如以上权利要求中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于后偏光片是光透射或透反射的，还提供了宽频带的背光。
14.如以上权利要求中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于所述装置具有1.45-1.50μm的延迟值。
CN96117257A 1995-11-24 1996-11-25 显示装置 Pending CN1159042A (zh)

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GBGB9524115.4A GB9524115D0 (en) 1995-11-24 1995-11-24 A display device
GB9524115.4 1995-11-24

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CN100403357C (zh) * 2002-07-30 2008-07-16 索尼株式会社 反光显示方法、反光显示装置和电子设备

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US7034799B2 (en) 2001-12-14 2006-04-25 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Backlighting device for dual liquid crystal display and folder-type mobile phone therewith
EP1766460A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2007-03-28 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Color display

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JP2621385B2 (ja) * 1988-07-06 1997-06-18 セイコーエプソン株式会社 電気光学装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100403357C (zh) * 2002-07-30 2008-07-16 索尼株式会社 反光显示方法、反光显示装置和电子设备

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EP0775933A2 (en) 1997-05-28
KR970028721A (ko) 1997-06-24

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