CN115898581A - Gas-supercritical CO with oil-super-bottoming cycle 2 Power generation system - Google Patents

Gas-supercritical CO with oil-super-bottoming cycle 2 Power generation system Download PDF

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CN115898581A
CN115898581A CN202211308674.9A CN202211308674A CN115898581A CN 115898581 A CN115898581 A CN 115898581A CN 202211308674 A CN202211308674 A CN 202211308674A CN 115898581 A CN115898581 A CN 115898581A
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transcritical
supercritical
temperature
low
waste heat
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曹越
陈然璟
司风琪
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel gas-supercritical CO with oil-supercritical-bottom-crossing circulation 2 A power generation system relates to the technical field of new energy, solves the technical problems of low circulating heat efficiency and low heat energy utilization rate of a gas turbine, and has the technical scheme that the system comprises the gas turbine, a gas waste heat recovery device, a heat conduction oil circulating device, a supercritical bottom circulating device, a transcritical bottom circulating device and other accessory equipment. The gas waste heat recovery device is combined with the heat conduction oil circulating device to recover the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine; the supercritical bottom circulation device and the transcritical bottom circulation device use carbon dioxide as working media, and gas waste heat is utilized to drive a turbine and a generator to generate electricity. The heat transfer oil circulates to solve the problem of burningThe exhaust speed of the machine is high, and the heat exchange coefficient is low; the supercritical bottom circulation and the transcritical bottom circulation realize cascade utilization of waste heat of the gas turbine by matching heat sources with corresponding temperatures in a cascade mode, and the utilization rate of the waste heat is improved.

Description

Gas-supercritical CO with oil-super-bottoming cycle 2 Power generation system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a fuel gas-supercritical CO with oil-supercritical-bottom-crossing circulation 2 A power generation system.
Background
The gas turbine power generation system is flexible in operation and quick in start and stop, but the exhaust temperature is high, and a large amount of high-grade heat sources still having the capacity of working and generating power are wasted. The waste heat recovery system can improve the system efficiency, reduce the operation cost and meet the current requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction. The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation technology uses carbon dioxide as a working medium, and the carbon dioxide working medium has the advantages of easily-reached critical point, no toxicity, no harm, low cost, compact structure of circulating equipment and the like, and is an excellent waste heat recovery power generation technology.
The specific heat of the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium is obviously increased near a critical point, so that the problem of the pinch point of the heat exchanger is prominent. The problem of pinch points limits the lowest temperature which can be reached when the fuel gas and the carbon dioxide working medium are directly used for waste heat recovery, so that the total amount of exhaust waste heat recovery is limited, and the waste heat recovery effect of a gas turbine is reduced; and when the direct heat exchange is carried out, the exhaust speed of the gas turbine is high, the heat exchange coefficient is low, the design difficulty of the heat exchanger is high, and the manufacturing cost is high, so that how to improve the waste heat recovery capability of the gas turbine needs to be solved. On the other hand, the Brayton cycle has higher efficiency in the supercritical state of carbon dioxide, the transcritical carbon dioxide cycle has advantages when a heat source with lower temperature is utilized, and the two cycles have different utilization effects on heat sources with different grades. Because the exhaust specific heat of the combustion engine is small, the temperature drop in the waste heat recovery process is large, and how to combine supercritical circulation and transcritical circulation to improve the efficiency of a waste heat recovery system needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a gas-supercritical CO with oil-supercritical-bottoming cycle 2 The technical purpose of the power generation system is to improve the heat efficiency of the combustion engine cycle and realize gradient utilization of heat energy.
The technical purpose of the application is realized by the following technical scheme:
gas-supercritical CO with oil-supercritical-bottom-crossing circulation 2 The power generation system comprises a gas turbine, a gas generator, a gas waste heat recovery device, a heat conduction oil circulating device, a supercritical bottom circulating device, a transcritical bottom circulating device, an LNG (liquefied natural gas) delivery pump and a working medium pump(ii) a The gas waste heat recovery device comprises a high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device and a low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device; the heat conducting oil circulating device comprises a high-temperature heat conducting oil pump and a low-temperature heat conducting oil pump; the supercritical bottom circulation device comprises a supercritical bottom circulation heater, a supercritical bottom circulation turbine, a supercritical bottom circulation cooler, a supercritical bottom circulation compressor and a supercritical bottom circulation generator; the transcritical bottom circulation device comprises a transcritical heater, a transcritical turbine, a transcritical cooler, a transcritical pump, a transcritical preheater and a transcritical generator;
the LNG transfer pump is connected with the gas turbine through the transcritical cooler; the gas turbine is connected with the gas generator, and gas at the outlet of the gas turbine is sequentially introduced into the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device and the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device; the high-temperature heat conduction oil pump, the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device and the supercritical bottom circulation heater are sequentially connected to form high-temperature heat conduction oil circulation; the low-temperature heat conduction oil pump, the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device and the transcritical preheater are sequentially connected to form a low-temperature heat conduction oil cycle;
the supercritical bottom circulation heater, the supercritical bottom circulation turbine, the transcritical heater, the supercritical bottom circulation cooler and the supercritical bottom circulation compressor are sequentially connected to form supercritical CO 2 Circulating; the supercritical bottom circulation turbine is connected with a supercritical bottom circulation generator; the supercritical bottom circulation cooler is connected with the working medium pump;
the transcritical heater, the transcritical turbine, the transcritical cooler, the transcritical pump and the transcritical preheater are sequentially connected to form transcritical CO 2 Circulating; the transcritical turbine is connected with a transcritical generator.
Furthermore, a high-temperature side inlet of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device is connected with a gas outlet of the gas turbine, a high-temperature side outlet of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device is connected with a high-temperature side inlet of the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device, and a high-temperature side outlet of the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device exhausts outwards.
Further, in the high-temperature heat conduction oil circulation, an outlet of a high-temperature heat conduction oil pump is connected with a low-temperature side inlet of the high-temperature fuel gas waste heat recovery device; a low-temperature side outlet of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device is connected with a high-temperature side inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation heater; the high-temperature side outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation heater is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature heat-conducting oil pump;
in the low-temperature heat transfer oil circulation, the outlet of a low-temperature heat transfer oil pump is connected with the low-temperature side inlet of a low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device; the low-temperature side outlet of the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the transcritical preheater; and the outlet of the high-temperature side of the transcritical preheater is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature heat-conducting oil pump.
Further, the connection mode of the supercritical bottom circulation comprises the following steps: the low-temperature side outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation heater is connected with the inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation turbine; the outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation turbine is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the transcritical heater; the high-temperature side outlet of the transcritical heater is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation cooler; the outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation cooler is connected with the inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation compressor, and the outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation compressor is connected with the inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation heater.
Further, the supercritical bottom cycle compressor is coaxially arranged with the supercritical bottom cycle turbine.
Further, the connection mode of the transcritical bottom circulation comprises the following steps: the low-temperature side outlet of the transcritical heater is connected with the inlet of the transcritical turbine; the outlet of the transcritical turbine is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the transcritical cooler; the high-temperature side outlet of the transcritical cooler is connected with the inlet of the transcritical pump; the outlet of the transcritical pump is connected with the low-temperature side inlet of the transcritical preheater; the low-temperature side outlet of the transcritical preheater is connected with the low-temperature side inlet of the transcritical heater.
Further, the transcritical pump and the transcritical turbine are arranged non-coaxially, and the transcritical pump is driven by the motor.
Further, a low-temperature side inlet of the transcritical cooler is connected with an outlet of the LNG transfer pump; the low-temperature side outlet of the transcritical cooler is connected with a combustion chamber of the combustion engine.
And further, the air enters the supercritical bottom circulation cooler and is discharged through the working medium pump.
The beneficial effect of this application lies in:
(1) The heat conducting oil circulation is combined with the two-stage heat exchanger, and the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine is fully absorbed, so that the exhaust temperature of the gas turbine is low, the recovery rate of the waste heat of the gas turbine is high, and the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine is fully utilized;
(2) The supercritical bottom circulation and the transcritical circulation are cascaded, so that the gradient utilization of high-temperature exhaust of the fuel machine is realized, the fire loss in the whole process is small, and the combined cycle efficiency is high;
(3) The heat conduction oil is used for directly exchanging heat with the fuel gas instead of the carbon dioxide working medium in a circulating manner, so that the problem that the design of a fuel gas side heat exchanger is complex and high in cost is solved;
(4) The super-bottom-crossing circulation has the advantages of low compression work, compact and simple system and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system according to the present application;
in the figure: 1-a gas turbine; 2-a gas turbine generator; 3-a high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device; 4-low temperature gas waste heat recovery device; 5-high temperature heat conduction oil pump; 6-low temperature heat conduction oil pump; 7-supercritical bottom circulation heater; 8-supercritical bottom circulation turbine; 9-a transcritical heater; 10-supercritical bottom circulation cooler; 11-supercritical bottoming cycle compressor; 12-a supercritical bottoming cycle generator; 13-a transcritical turbine; 14-a transcritical cooler; 15-a transcritical pump; 16-a transcritical preheater; 17-a transcritical generator; 18-LNG transfer pumps; 19-working medium pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the gas-supercritical CO with oil-super-bottoming cycle described in the present application 2 The power generation system uses heat conduction oil circulation to transfer the waste heat of the gas turbine to supercritical bottom circulation and transcritical bottom circulation, the carbon dioxide bottom circulation utilizes the waste heat of the gas turbine to drive a generator to generate power through a turbine, and meanwhile LNG is used as a cold source of the transcritical carbon dioxide bottom circulation.
The gas turbine 1 drives the gas turbine generator 2 to generate power, high-temperature gas of the gas turbine 1 sequentially enters high-temperature sides of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device 3 and the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device 4 according to parameters of 783K and 21.77kg/s, then the temperature of the gas is reduced to 350K, and waste heat in gas turbine exhaust is recovered through the gas waste heat recovery device.
As a specific embodiment, the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device 3 and the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device 4 both adopt a plate-fin heat exchanger (PFHE) to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the gas and the heat transfer oil, and the heat exchange efficiency of the gas waste heat recovery devices is 85%.
The heat transfer oil circulation comprises high-temperature heat transfer oil circulation and low-temperature heat transfer oil circulation: the mass flow of the high-temperature heat conduction oil circulation is 13.07kg/s, the operating pressure is 10MPa, the heat conduction oil absorbs the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine at the low-temperature side of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device 3, the exhaust waste heat is heated to 673K, the exhaust waste heat enters the high-temperature side of the supercritical bottom circulation heater 7, the waste heat of the gas turbine is transferred to the supercritical bottom circulation, the gas is cooled to 397K, and finally the heat is absorbed again after the pressure is increased by the high-temperature heat conduction oil pump 5. The mass flow of the low-temperature heat conduction oil circulation is 12.94kg/s, the running pressure is 10MPa, the heat conduction oil absorbs the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine at the low-temperature side of the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device 4, the exhaust waste heat is heated to 350K, the exhaust waste heat enters the high-temperature side of the transcritical preheater 16, the waste heat of the gas turbine is transmitted to the transcritical bottom circulation, the temperature is reduced to 331.5K, and finally the heat is absorbed again after the pressure is increased by the low-temperature heat conduction oil pump 6.
The mass flow of the supercritical bottom circulation carbon dioxide working medium in the supercritical bottom circulation is 20.76kg/s, the working medium absorbs the waste heat of the gas turbine in the high-temperature heat conducting oil loop at the low-temperature side of the supercritical bottom circulation heater 7, the temperature is raised to 658.5K, the pressure is raised to 20MPa at the same time, the working medium enters the supercritical bottom circulation turbine 8 and then drives the supercritical bottom circulation generator 12 to generate power, and the pressure is reduced and the temperature is lowered to 585.5K and 9.79MPa. The exhaust of the supercritical bottom circulation turbine 8 enters the high-temperature side of the transcritical heater 9, transfers high-temperature heat to the transcritical bottom circulation, and is further cooled to 325.2K in the supercritical bottom circulation cooler 10, and absorbs heat again after being compressed by the supercritical bottom circulation compressor 11.
As an example, the supercritical bottoming cycle compressor 11 and the supercritical bottoming cycle turbine 8 are both of axial flow design. The efficiency of the supercritical bottom cycle compressor 11 is 82% and the efficiency of the supercritical bottom cycle turbine 8 is 85%.
In the supercritical bottoming cycle, the supercritical bottoming cycle compressor 11 and the supercritical bottoming cycle turbine 8 are arranged coaxially.
As a specific embodiment, the low-temperature side of the supercritical bottoming cycle cooler 10 in the supercritical bottoming cycle is cooled by air delivered by the working medium pump 19.
The mass flow of the transcritical carbon dioxide working medium in the transcritical bottom circulation is 16.19kg/s, the working medium absorbs the waste heat of the gas turbine at the low-temperature side of the transcritical preheater 16, then enters the low-temperature side of the transcritical heater 9 to further absorb heat to 577.1K and 20MPa, then enters the transcritical turbine 13 to drive the transcritical generator 17 to generate power, and the pressure is reduced and the temperature is reduced to 330.5K and 0.82MPa. The exhaust of the transcritical turbine 13 enters the transcritical condenser 14 to be cooled to 227.1K, and absorbs heat again after being boosted by the transcritical pump 15.
As a specific example, in the transcritical bottom cycle, the transcritical pump 15 and the transcritical turbine 13 are both of axial flow design. The efficiency of the transcritical pump 15 is 80% and the efficiency of the transcritical turbine 13 is 85%. In a specific embodiment, in the transcritical bottom cycle, the transcritical pump 15 and the transcritical turbine 13 are arranged in a non-coaxial manner, the transcritical pump 15 is driven by a motor, and the rotating speed of the transcritical pump 15 can be adjusted according to the load to improve the operation flexibility.
In a specific embodiment, the transcritical cooler 14 in the transcritical bottoming cycle uses LNG pressurized by the LNG transfer pump 18 as a heat sink, and the preheated LNG enters the combustion chamber of the combustion engine to drive the combustion engine to generate power.
As a specific embodiment, the transcritical heater 9, the transcritical preheater 16 and the supercritical bottom circulation cooler 10 all adopt printed circuit board heat exchangers (PCHE) to improve the heat exchange efficiency, the end difference is 5K, and the efficiency is 95%.
By way of specific example, the power generation efficiency of the combustion engine generator 2, the supercritical bottoming cycle generator 12 and the transcritical generator 17 are all 98%.
As a specific embodiment, the fuel gas-supercritical bottom circulation CO has an oil-supercritical-bottom crossing circulation structure 2 Maximum efficiency of bottom circulation in power generation systemThe rate is 51.44% which corresponds to a maximum net work of 9.255MW.
In summary, the fuel gas-supercritical bottoming cycle CO with the oil-super-bottoming cycle structure applied in the present application 2 The power generation system can realize the efficient utilization of the waste heat of the gas turbine and improve the combined cycle efficiency.
The method and the specific implementation method of the invention are described in detail above, and corresponding implementation examples are given. Of course, the present invention may have other embodiments besides the above-mentioned examples, and all the technical solutions formed by using equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. Gas-supercritical CO with oil-supercritical-bottom-crossing circulation 2 The power generation system is characterized by comprising a gas turbine (1), a gas generator (2), a gas waste heat recovery device, a heat conduction oil circulating device, a supercritical bottom circulating device, a transcritical bottom circulating device, an LNG (liquefied natural gas) delivery pump (18) and a working medium pump (19); the gas waste heat recovery device comprises a high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (3) and a low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (4); the heat conduction oil circulating device comprises a high-temperature heat conduction oil pump (5) and a low-temperature heat conduction oil pump (6); the supercritical bottom circulation device comprises a supercritical bottom circulation heater (7), a supercritical bottom circulation turbine (8), a supercritical bottom circulation cooler (10), a supercritical bottom circulation compressor (11) and a supercritical bottom circulation generator (12); the transcritical bottom circulation device comprises a transcritical heater (9), a transcritical turbine (13), a transcritical cooler (14), a transcritical pump (15), a transcritical preheater (16) and a transcritical generator (17);
the LNG transfer pump (18) is connected with the combustion engine (1) through the transcritical cooler (14); the gas turbine (1) is connected with the gas generator (2), and gas at the outlet of the gas turbine (1) is sequentially introduced into the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (3) and the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (4); the high-temperature heat conduction oil pump (5), the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (3) and the supercritical bottom circulation heater (7) are sequentially connected to form high-temperature heat conduction oil circulation; the low-temperature heat conduction oil pump (6), the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (4) and the transcritical preheater (16) are sequentially connected to form low-temperature heat conduction oil circulation;
the supercritical bottom circulation heater (7), the supercritical bottom circulation turbine (8), the transcritical heater (9), the supercritical bottom circulation cooler (10) and the supercritical bottom circulation compressor (11) are sequentially connected to form the supercritical CO 2 Circulating; the supercritical bottom circulation turbine (8) is connected with a supercritical bottom circulation generator (12); the supercritical bottom circulation cooler (10) is connected with a working medium pump (19);
the transcritical heater (9), the transcritical turbine (13), the transcritical cooler (14), the transcritical pump (15) and the transcritical preheater (16) are connected in sequence to form transcritical CO 2 Circulating; the transcritical turbine (13) is connected to a transcritical generator (17).
2. The power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a high-temperature side inlet of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (3) is connected with a gas outlet of the gas turbine (1), a high-temperature side outlet of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (3) is connected with a high-temperature side inlet of the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (4), and a high-temperature side outlet of the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (4) exhausts outwards.
3. The power generation system according to claim 1, wherein in the high-temperature conduction oil cycle, an outlet of the high-temperature conduction oil pump 5 is connected with a low-temperature side inlet of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (3); the low-temperature side outlet of the high-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (3) is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation heater (7); the high-temperature side outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation heater (7) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature heat-conducting oil pump (5);
in the low-temperature heat conduction oil circulation, an outlet of a low-temperature heat conduction oil pump (6) is connected with a low-temperature side inlet of a low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (4); a low-temperature side outlet of the low-temperature gas waste heat recovery device (4) is connected with a high-temperature side inlet of the transcritical preheater (16); the high-temperature side outlet of the transcritical preheater (16) is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature heat-conducting oil pump (6).
4. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the supercritical bottoming cycle is connected in a manner comprising: the low-temperature side outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation heater (7) is connected with the inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation turbine (8); the outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation turbine (8) is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the transcritical heater (9); the high-temperature side outlet of the transcritical heater (9) is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation cooler (10); the outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation cooler (10) at the high temperature side is connected with the inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation compressor (11), and the outlet of the supercritical bottom circulation compressor (11) is connected with the inlet of the supercritical bottom circulation heater (7) at the low temperature side.
5. The power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that the supercritical bottom cycle compressor (11) is arranged coaxially with the supercritical bottom cycle turbine (8).
6. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the connection across the critical bottoming cycle comprises: the low-temperature side outlet of the transcritical heater (9) is connected with the inlet of a transcritical turbine (13); the outlet of the transcritical turbine (13) is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the transcritical cooler (14); the high-temperature side outlet of the transcritical cooler (14) is connected with the inlet of a transcritical pump (15); the outlet of the transcritical pump (15) is connected with the low-temperature side inlet of the transcritical preheater (16); the low-temperature side outlet of the transcritical preheater (16) is connected with the low-temperature side inlet of the transcritical heater (9).
7. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the transcritical pump (15) is non-co-axially disposed with the transcritical turbine (13), the transcritical pump (15) being driven by an electric motor.
8. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the cryogenic side inlet of the transcritical cooler (14) is connected to the outlet of the LNG transfer pump (18); the low-temperature side outlet of the transcritical cooler (14) is connected with a combustion chamber of the combustion engine (1).
9. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the air enters the supercritical bottoming cycle cooler (10) and is then exhausted through the working fluid pump (19).
CN202211308674.9A 2022-10-25 2022-10-25 Gas-supercritical CO with oil-super-bottoming cycle 2 Power generation system Pending CN115898581A (en)

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CN202211308674.9A CN115898581A (en) 2022-10-25 2022-10-25 Gas-supercritical CO with oil-super-bottoming cycle 2 Power generation system

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CN115898581A true CN115898581A (en) 2023-04-04

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