CN113153475A - Power-heat complementary supercritical CO2Power cycle power generation system - Google Patents

Power-heat complementary supercritical CO2Power cycle power generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113153475A
CN113153475A CN202110578637.9A CN202110578637A CN113153475A CN 113153475 A CN113153475 A CN 113153475A CN 202110578637 A CN202110578637 A CN 202110578637A CN 113153475 A CN113153475 A CN 113153475A
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heat
temperature
heat pump
low
cycle
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李成宇
何芳
王有镗
杨彬彬
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103Carbon dioxide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/005Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant by means of a heat pump

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a power-heat complementary supercritical CO2The power cycle power generation system comprises a power cycle subsystem and a heat pump subsystem. In the present invention, in supercritical CO2The power cycle low-temperature heat recovery area is coupled with a compression heat pump cycle, and the evaporation process of the heat pump cycle is from the low-temperature exhaust steam heat extraction and condensation process of the power cycle to the high-pressure side supercritical CO2Releasing heat; the heat pump adopts a non-azeotropic mixed working medium, and has temperature slippage matched with power circulation; the heat pump heat compensation is adopted to improve the heat exchange matching characteristic of the low-temperature heat recovery area, so that the heat efficiency of the cycle is effectively improved.

Description

Power-heat complementary supercritical CO2Power cycle power generation system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of efficient power cycle power generation, and particularly relates to power-heat complementary supercritical CO2Provided is a power cycle power generation system.
Background
Supercritical CO2The power cycle has the advantages of high efficiency, compactness, flexibility, economy and the like, and is a novel power cycle with great development prospect. However, supercritical CO2The specific heat capacity difference of the working media at the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the cycle is large, so that the irreversible loss in the heat regeneration process is large. The existing solution mainly adopts a flow-dividing heat regeneration method to improve the matching of heat exchange and recompressesCycles are representative configurations of this scheme. However, the recompression process is limited by high and low pressure of circulation, the pressure difference is large, the energy consumption is high, the selection of the compression initial position has obvious influence on the compression exhaust temperature, and further the irreversible loss of the confluence flow is large. Supercritical CO2The combined cycle constructed by the power cycle and other low-temperature cycles can improve the overall efficiency of the system through a scheme of waste heat gradient utilization. Novel supercritical CO2Thermodynamic cycles are still to be perfected and developed to further improve the thermodynamic performance of the cycle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a power-heat complementary supercritical CO2Power cycle power generation system using heat pump to convert supercritical CO2The heat is supplemented in the circulating low-temperature heat recovery area, the problem of poor heat recovery matching performance in power circulation is solved, and the integral heat efficiency of the circulation is effectively improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
Power-heat complementary supercritical CO2The power cycle power generation system comprises a power cycle subsystem and a heat pump subsystem; the power circulation subsystem and the heat pump subsystem are respectively closed independent circulation systems, and heat exchange is realized through coupling of the dividing wall type heat exchanger.
The power cycle subsystem includes: the system comprises a compressor, a preheater, a low-temperature heat regenerator, a high-temperature heat regenerator, a heater, a turbo expander, a generator, a precooler and a cooler, wherein the outlet of the compressor is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the precooler, the other path is connected with the low-temperature side inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the outlet of the precooler is converged with the low-temperature side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator and then connected with the low-temperature side inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator, the low-temperature side outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the heater, the outlet of the heater is connected with the inlet of the turbo expander, the outlet of the turbo expander is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator, the high-temperature side outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the high-temperature side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the precooler, the outlet is connected with the inlet of the cooler, and the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the compressor; the heat pump subsystem includes: the system comprises a heat pump compressor, a heat pump condenser, a throttle valve and a heat pump evaporator; the outlet of the heat pump compressor is connected with the inlet of the heat pump condenser, the outlet of the heat pump condenser is connected with the inlet of the throttle valve, the outlet of the throttle valve is connected with the inlet of the heat pump evaporator, and the outlet of the heat pump evaporator is connected with the inlet of the heat pump compressor; wherein: the pre-heater and the heat pump condenser are the same component, and the pre-cooler and the heat pump evaporator are the same component.
The heat pump subsystem adopts a non-azeotropic mixed working medium, temperature slippage exists in the evaporation and condensation processes of the heat pump, and heat exchange matching with power circulation is realized.
The heat energy of the power cycle subsystem is from high-temperature heat sources such as nuclear energy, solar energy and the like.
The heat pump concurrent heating based positive and negative coupling cycle method according to any preceding claim, comprising supercritical CO2Power cycle (forward cycle) and heat pump cycle (reverse cycle):
1) and (3) heat pump circulation: the throttled low-temperature and low-pressure working medium flows into the heat pump evaporator and is mixed with supercritical CO2The low-temperature low-pressure exhaust steam of the power cycle absorbs heat to realize heat recovery, the gas-phase working medium after heat absorption is pressurized to a high-temperature high-pressure state by a heat pump compressor to realize heat energy temperature rise and quality improvement, then the working medium flows into a heat pump condenser to supplement heat to the low-temperature high-pressure working medium in the power cycle, the working medium after heat release is throttled by a throttle valve and then is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure state again to finish a heat pump cycle process;
2) supercritical CO2Power circulation: supercritical CO bled from compressor2The working medium is divided, one part flows into the low-temperature heat regenerator and is heated by internal heat regeneration, the other part flows into the preheater to absorb the condensation heat of the heat pump cycle for heating, then two paths of working media flow together and flow into the high-temperature heat regenerator, the temperature is continuously raised by internal heat regeneration, then the working medium flows into the heater and is heated by an external high-temperature heat source, the high-temperature high-pressure working medium enters the turboexpander to expand and do work and is changed into a high-temperature low-pressure state, then the high-temperature working medium flows into the high-temperature heat regenerator in sequence, the low-temperature heat regenerator is cooled by internal heat regeneration, then the working medium flows into the precooler to release heat to the heat pump cycle, heat recycling is realized, and then the working medium enters the cooler for coolingCooling, and finally, boosting the pressure by a compressor to complete a cycle process.
The heat pump circulation absorbs heat from low-temperature low-pressure exhaust steam of the power circulation subsystem through the heat pump evaporator, and the heat pump subsystem supplements heat to low-temperature high-pressure working medium of the power circulation subsystem through the heat pump condenser.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a geothermal energy extraction apparatus according to the present invention;
shown in the figure:
1. the system comprises a power cycle subsystem 2, a heat pump subsystem 11, a compressor 12, a preheater 13, a low-temperature regenerator 14, a high-temperature regenerator 15, a heater 16, a turboexpander 17, a generator 18, a precooler 19, a cooler 21, a heat pump compressor 22, a heat pump condenser 23, a throttle valve 24 and a heat pump evaporator.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples. It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and all the simple modifications and changes made to the following examples according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention relates to a power-heat complementary supercritical CO2The power cycle power generation system comprises a power cycle subsystem 1 and a heat pump subsystem 2, wherein the power cycle subsystem and the heat pump subsystem are respectively closed independent cycle systems, and heat exchange is realized through coupling of a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
The power cycle subsystem is operated with supercritical CO2The following closed cycle is realized for the working medium: the low-pressure working medium is compressed to a supercritical high-pressure state by the compressor 11, then the low-pressure working medium is separated, one path of the working medium flows through the low-temperature heat regenerator 13 to absorb heat from medium-temperature exhaust steam, the other path of the working medium flows through the preheater 12 to absorb condensation heat of a heat pump, then two paths of the working medium flow together and flow into the high-temperature heat regenerator 14 to absorb heat from high-temperature exhaust steam, next the working medium flows into the heater 15 to absorb heat from an external high-temperature heat source, and the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium after heat absorption flows into the turbine expander 16 to be used as a turbine expander 16The turbo expander 16 drives the generator 17 to generate power, working medium after acting flows into the high-temperature heat regenerator 14 to release heat to the counter-flow working medium, then flows into the low-temperature heat regenerator 13 to release heat to the counter-flow working medium, then flows into the precooler 18 to release heat to the heat pump evaporation process, then flows into the cooler 19 to release heat to the cold source, and finally cooled low-pressure working medium flows into the compressor 11 to complete a cycle process.
The heat pump subsystem takes a non-azeotropic mixture as a working medium, and realizes the following closed cycle: the low-temperature and low-pressure steam is compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the heat pump compressor 21, then enters the heat pump condenser 22 to release heat to the power cycle working medium, condenses into high-pressure supercooled liquid phase, flows into the throttle valve 23, changes temperature through throttling, and enters the heat pump evaporator 24 to absorb heat from power cycle low-temperature exhaust steam, and evaporates into gas phase, and then enters the compressor 21 to complete a cycle process.
The compressor 11 and the turboexpander 16 may be coaxially connected, and the heat pump compressor 21 may be directly driven by the turboexpander 16.
Further, the throttle valve 23 may be replaced by an expansion machine, which recovers part of the expansion work while achieving throttling.
The non-azeotropic mixed working medium selected by the heat pump subsystem has certain temperature slippage and can realize good heat exchange matching with power circulation, the selected working medium can be selected from HFO, HC and HFC organic matters with both thermal property and environmental protection property and can be mixed, and the component ratio of the working medium is determined by optimizing the operating condition; the working temperature area and the circulation temperature rise of the heat pump are determined by the power circulation working condition, heat is supplemented to the section with the largest heat capacity difference of working media at the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the power circulation, and the heat is determined by the typical circulation working condition: the heat release temperature interval of the working medium of the heat pump is mainly 200-80 ℃, and preferably, the heat release temperature is 150-100 ℃; the endothermic temperature range is mainly 80-100 ℃.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
The present invention is directed to supercritical CO2The power cycle has the problem of large internal regenerative irreversible loss due to large difference of high and low pressure physical properties, and a power-heat complementary cycle form is provided: in supercritical CO2The power cycle low-temperature heat recovery area is coupled with a compression heat pump cycle, and the evaporation process of the heat pump cycle is from the low-temperature exhaust steam heat extraction and condensation process of the power cycle to the high-pressure side supercritical CO2Heat is released, and the heat exchange matching characteristic of the low-temperature heat recovery area is improved through heat pump heat compensation, so that the heat efficiency of circulation is effectively improved. The invention has higher economic benefit and application value and has important significance for high-efficiency utilization of energy.

Claims (5)

1. Power-heat complementary supercritical CO2The power cycle power generation system is characterized by comprising a power cycle subsystem (1) and a heat pump subsystem (2); the power circulation subsystem and the heat pump subsystem are respectively closed independent circulation systems, and heat exchange is realized through coupling of the dividing wall type heat exchanger.
2. The power-heat complementary supercritical CO of claim 12A power cycle power generation system, wherein the power cycle subsystem comprises: the heat pump type air conditioner comprises a compressor (11), a preheater (12), a low-temperature heat regenerator (13), a high-temperature heat regenerator (14), a heater (15), a turbine expander (16), a generator (17), a precooler (18) and a cooler (19), wherein the outlet of the compressor (11) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the precooler (12), the other path is connected with the low-temperature side inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (13), the outlet of the precooler (12) is converged with the low-temperature side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (13) and then connected with the low-temperature side inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (14), the low-temperature side outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (14) is connected with the inlet of the heater (15), the outlet of the heater (15) is connected with the inlet of the turbine expander (16), the outlet of the turbine expander (16) is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (14), the high-temperature side outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (14) is connected with the high-temperature side inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (13), the high-temperature side outlet of the low-temperature regenerator (13) and the inlet of the precooler (18)The outlet of the precooler (18) is connected with the inlet of the cooler (19), and the outlet of the cooler (19) is connected with the inlet of the compressor (11); the heat pump subsystem includes: a heat pump compressor (21), a heat pump condenser (22), a throttle valve (23), and a heat pump evaporator (24); the outlet of the heat pump compressor (21) is connected with the inlet of the heat pump condenser (22), the outlet of the heat pump condenser (22) is connected with the inlet of a throttle valve (23), the outlet of the throttle valve (23) is connected with the inlet of a heat pump evaporator (24), and the outlet of the heat pump evaporator (24) is connected with the inlet of the heat pump compressor (21); wherein: the preheater (12) and the heat pump condenser (22) are the same component, and the precooler (18) and the heat pump evaporator (24) are the same component.
3. The power-heat complementary supercritical CO of claim 12The power cycle power generation system is characterized in that the heat pump subsystem adopts a non-azeotropic mixed working medium, temperature slippage exists in the evaporation and condensation processes of the heat pump, and heat exchange matching with the power cycle is realized.
4. A power-heat complementary supercritical CO according to claim 1 or 22The power cycle power generation system is characterized in that the power generation system provides heat by high-temperature heat sources such as nuclear energy, solar energy and the like.
5. The heat pump concurrent heating based positive and negative coupling cycle method according to any preceding claim, comprising supercritical CO2Power cycle (forward cycle) and heat pump cycle (reverse cycle):
1) and (3) heat pump circulation: the throttled low-temperature and low-pressure working medium flows into the heat pump evaporator and is mixed with supercritical CO2The low-temperature low-pressure exhaust steam of the power cycle absorbs heat to realize heat recovery, the gas-phase working medium after heat absorption is pressurized to a high-temperature high-pressure state by a heat pump compressor to realize heat energy temperature rise and quality improvement, then the working medium flows into a heat pump condenser to supplement heat to the low-temperature high-pressure working medium in the power cycle, the working medium after heat release is throttled by a throttle valve and then is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure state again to finish a heat pump cycle process;
2) supercritical CO2Power circulation: supercritical CO bled from compressor2The working medium is divided, one part flows into the low-temperature heat regenerator and is heated by internal heat regeneration, the other part flows into the preheater to absorb the condensation heat of the heat pump cycle to be heated, then two paths of working media flow into the high-temperature heat regenerator after converging, the working media continue to be heated by the internal heat regeneration, then the working media flow into the heater and are heated by an external high-temperature heat source, the high-temperature high-pressure working media enter the turboexpander to expand and do work and become a high-temperature low-pressure state, then the working media flow into the high-temperature heat regenerator in sequence, the low-temperature heat regenerator cools through the internal heat regeneration, then the working media flow into the precooler to release heat to the heat pump cycle, the heat is recycled, then the working media flow into the cooler to cool, and finally the compressor is boosted to complete a cycle process.
CN202110578637.9A 2021-05-26 2021-05-26 Power-heat complementary supercritical CO2Power cycle power generation system Pending CN113153475A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113915600A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-01-11 金建祥 Energy utilization system
CN113914954A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-01-11 金建祥 Energy utilization system

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CN108775266A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-11-09 山东理工大学 A kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide power cycle for high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery and the compound co-generation unit of absorption heat pump
CN109763948A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-17 西安交通大学 A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide solar heat power generation system and operation method
CN110080842A (en) * 2019-05-08 2019-08-02 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 A kind of closed cycle electricity generation system of integrated absorption heat pump
CN111022138A (en) * 2019-12-18 2020-04-17 北京石油化工学院 Supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on absorption heat pump waste heat recovery

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101434908B1 (en) * 2013-05-23 2014-08-29 포스코에너지 주식회사 System for producing hot heat source or electric power using waste heat, and method for controlling therof
CN108317581A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-07-24 天津商业大学 A kind of non-azeotropic working medium mechanical-assisted supercooling CO2Trans-critical cycle heat pump heating system
CN108775266A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-11-09 山东理工大学 A kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide power cycle for high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery and the compound co-generation unit of absorption heat pump
CN109763948A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-17 西安交通大学 A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide solar heat power generation system and operation method
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113915600A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-01-11 金建祥 Energy utilization system
CN113914954A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-01-11 金建祥 Energy utilization system
CN113915600B (en) * 2021-11-01 2024-03-26 金建祥 Energy utilization system

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