CN115894098A - Multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multisource organic waste treatment and poly-generation system and method, which comprises a kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system, a pyrolysis gasification system, an organic waste mixing system, an anaerobic fermentation system and an anaerobic fermentation product utilization system; the kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system is used for treating waste separation, crushing, sand removal, homogenization, oil extraction and the like, domestic waste, municipal sludge and light combustible substances screened out by pretreatment are conveyed to a pyrolysis gasification system, and generated fuel gas exchanges heat with different cold media through the heat energy generated by combustion, and is used for the kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system, a waste feed hopper, an anaerobic fermentation tank and the like; but the organic rubbish composition of anaerobic fermentation is carried into organic rubbish hybrid system and is handled, carries into anaerobic fermentation system fermentation again and handles, recycles anaerobic fermentation result and utilizes the system to handle, output fertilizer, heat energy, electric energy, compressed carbon dioxide and biogas, but simultaneously the natural pond liquid backward flow reuse in other systems.

Description

Multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of treatment of kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure, household garbage, municipal sludge and straw organic waste, and particularly relates to a multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system and method.

Background

With the continuous development of social economy, the output of organic wastes such as kitchen wastes, livestock and poultry manure, municipal sludge, straws, household garbage and the like in China is continuously increased, and the recycling and harmless treatment of various organic wastes becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently in society. At present, anaerobic fermentation and pyrolysis gasification are two mature garbage energy utilization technologies, various organic wastes can be used for producing methane, organic fertilizers and the like through anaerobic fermentation, and the pyrolysis gasification can be used for carrying out high-temperature pyrolysis treatment on domestic garbage, municipal sludge and part of organic garbage which is not suitable for anaerobic fermentation to generate usable high-temperature gas. However, a single treatment technology has selectivity on treatment materials, cannot realize the cooperative treatment of multi-source organic wastes, has poor sustainable development, has high power consumption and heat consumption during treatment, cannot realize low-energy consumption treatment of the organic wastes, and has a single final application mode and poor popularization.

The invention patent CN111996020A discloses a biomass waste coupling wet waste multi-state co-production comprehensive utilization system and a process, which carry out various resource treatment on organic wastes by filtering and separating the wet wastes, coupling the wet wastes with biomass and reconstructing a thermochemical path to produce heat energy, electric energy, methane, fertilizer and the like, but do not take corresponding pretreatment measures on complex components of various organic wastes, and the process has a single utilization mode of the methane and the biogas slurry and does not consider the cyclic utilization of the liquid flow of the whole system. The invention patent CN112792100A discloses cooperative treatment equipment and a process for domestic sludge and multi-source organic garbage. The invention discloses a method for cooperatively treating organic solid waste and kitchen waste, which uses anaerobic fermentation to carry out resource treatment on the kitchen waste and municipal sludge, and gas, electricity, heat and oil are produced for utilization, but the method also produces a large amount of solid waste which is not fully utilized, and the resource utilization of the whole organic waste is insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multisource organic waste treatment and poly-generation system and method, which realize the cooperative treatment and energy gradient utilization of organic wastes such as kitchen wastes, livestock and poultry manure, domestic wastes, municipal sludge and the like by using a mode of combining pyrolysis gasification and anaerobic fermentation; by carrying out pyrolysis gasification treatment on the domestic garbage and the municipal sludge, the generated heat can be used for removing oil from the kitchen garbage, heating the kitchen garbage, the livestock and poultry manure and the straw by an anaerobic fermentation system and drying and utilizing sludge fed by the kitchen garbage, the livestock and poultry manure and the straw; the kitchen waste oil can be directly used as biofuel for utilization after extraction, biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation is purified and then separated to prepare biogas, carbon dioxide is collected, stored and utilized during biogas purification, and generated biogas slurry and biogas residues are used for producing and preparing solid organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer after passing through an organic fertilizer production system.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system comprises a kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system, a pyrolysis gasification system, an organic waste mixing system, an anaerobic fermentation system and an anaerobic fermentation product utilization system; the pretreatment system for the kitchen waste and the livestock and poultry manure is used for crushing, screening, removing impurities and extracting oil from the kitchen waste, screening, settling sand and stirring the livestock and poultry manure, mixing the treated kitchen waste and the treated livestock and poultry manure into an anaerobic fermentation material, and using the screened light substance for the pyrolysis and gasification material; the materials capable of being pyrolyzed and gasified are conveyed into a pyrolysis and gasification system, meanwhile, domestic garbage and municipal sludge are added for pyrolysis and gasification, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is subjected to heat exchange treatment by air and water media to generate heat energy which is used for heating and heat preservation of a kitchen garbage and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system, an anaerobic fermentation system and the pyrolysis and gasification system; conveying the material capable of being subjected to anaerobic fermentation into an organic garbage mixing system to mix straws, conveying the material into an anaerobic fermentation system for fermentation treatment, treating the product of the anaerobic fermentation system by using an anaerobic fermentation product utilization system, treating one part of the produced biogas into biogas and capturing the carbon dioxide to prepare compressed carbon dioxide, and converting the other part of the biogas into heat energy and electric energy; biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation are processed into liquid organic fertilizers and solid organic fertilizers, and leachate generated by biogas slurry and garbage pits can replace fresh water to be reused in an anaerobic fermentation system and a kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system.

Preferably, the kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system comprises biomass separation equipment, an oil extractor and organic waste fine mixing equipment; the biomass separation equipment separates light substances in the kitchen waste and conveys the light substances into a pyrolysis gasification system, heavy substances in the kitchen waste are separated and conveyed into a sand settling treatment facility for collection and treatment, residues in the kitchen waste are conveyed into an oil extraction machine for oil extraction treatment, the kitchen waste after the oil extraction treatment is conveyed into organic waste fine mixing equipment, the organic waste fine mixing equipment filters large-particle impurities in the livestock and poultry excrement, the livestock and poultry excrement after impurity removal and the kitchen waste after the oil extraction treatment are fully mixed and conveyed into an organic waste mixing system, and the large-particle impurities in the livestock and poultry excrement are conveyed into the pyrolysis gasification system.

Preferably, the biomass separation equipment comprises a funnel into which the kitchen waste is fed, a crushing device is connected below the funnel, a wall breaking knife for crushing the kitchen waste is arranged in the crushing device, a rotary drum is connected below the crushing device, a water supply port is arranged at the upper part of the rotary drum and is used for conveying biogas slurry generated by the anaerobic fermentation system, a light substance outlet is arranged at the upper part of the rotary drum, a homogenate outlet is arranged at the middle position of the rotary drum, a heavy substance outlet is arranged at the bottom of the rotary drum, and a high-frequency vibrator is arranged in the rotary drum; the rotary drum can rotate centrifugally and the high-frequency vibrator can separate light substances and heavy substances from homogenate substances in the kitchen waste.

Preferably, the top of the organic waste fine mixing equipment is provided with a kitchen waste inlet and a livestock and poultry manure inlet, the kitchen waste inlet is communicated with an openable kitchen waste temporary storage chamber in the upper half part of an inner cavity of the organic waste fine mixing equipment, the livestock and poultry manure inlet is communicated with a livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber capable of filtering large granular impurities, the livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber is provided with a manure material outlet, and the manure material outlet outputs and filters the large granular impurities; be provided with agitating unit in the inside of organic rubbish mixing apparatus that becomes more meticulous, set up the rubbish output that the double-shaft spiral of second will mix in organic rubbish mixing apparatus bottom that becomes more meticulous, carry into organic rubbish hybrid system.

Preferably, the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber is separated from the livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber by a partition plate, a movable baffle is arranged at the bottom of the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber to control the opening and closing of the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber, the bottom of the livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber is used for removing impurities and filtering, the grating is arranged in an inclined mode, and an included angle between the grating and the horizontal direction is 15-30 degrees.

Preferably, the stirring device is a first stirrer arranged in the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber, and a second stirrer and a third stirrer which are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the organic waste fine mixing device.

Preferably, a grit chamber is arranged at the bottom of the second biaxial screw, the bottom of the grit chamber is obliquely arranged, and the settled sand in the grit chamber is conveyed into the settled sand treatment facility.

Preferably, the pyrolysis gasification system comprises a garbage feeding hopper, a pyrolysis gasification furnace and a heat exchanger, wherein the garbage feeding hopper is used for conveying components needing pyrolysis gasification, which are separated from a domestic garbage, municipal sludge and kitchen garbage and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system, the bottom of the garbage feeding hopper is communicated with the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and gasified fuel gas generated after pyrolysis gasification is combusted again to generate high-temperature flue gas to provide heat energy for the heat exchanger.

Preferably, the organic waste mixing system includes leachate treatment device, homogeneous jar and the straw feeding storehouse of processing waste storage pit liquid, homogeneous tank deck portion is provided with flow liquid entry, straw feed inlet, and the middle part is provided with the coarse fodder entry, and the bottom is provided with the thick liquid export, flow liquid entry and leachate treatment device and anaerobic fermentation result utilize the equal intercommunication of system, straw feed inlet and straw feeding storehouse intercommunication, coarse fodder entry intercommunication kitchen garbage, beasts and birds excrement sewage pretreatment system, the anaerobic fermentation system is connected to the thick liquid export.

Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation system is an anaerobic fermentation tank and comprises a fermentation tank body, a gas storage membrane arranged at the top of the fermentation tank body, a slurry inlet arranged at the upper part of the fermentation tank body and a digestive juice outlet arranged at the lower part of the fermentation tank body, wherein the slurry inlet is communicated with the organic garbage mixing system, and the gas storage membrane and the digestive juice outlet are communicated with the anaerobic fermentation product utilization system.

Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation product utilization system comprises a methane utilization system and an organic fertilizer utilization system, the methane utilization system is communicated with the gas storage membrane, and the organic fertilizer utilization system is communicated with the digestion liquid outlet.

Preferably, the biogas utilization system comprises biogas purification equipment, biogas purification equipment and cogeneration equipment, the biogas purification equipment is communicated with the gas storage film, and the biogas purification equipment and the cogeneration equipment are respectively communicated with the biogas purification equipment.

Preferably, the biogas purification equipment is communicated with the biogas storage equipment and the carbon dioxide capture equipment, and the separation and the respective collection of the natural gas and the carbon dioxide are realized in the biogas purification process.

Preferably, the organic fertilizer utilization system comprises a solid-liquid separator, liquid organic fertilizer production equipment and solid organic fertilizer production equipment, wherein the liquid organic fertilizer production equipment and the solid organic fertilizer production equipment are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separator, and the biogas slurry part separated by the solid-liquid separator flows back to the organic garbage mixing system.

The invention also provides a multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation method, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: crushing, screening, impurity removal and oil extraction treatment are carried out on the kitchen waste to realize separation of light substances and heavy substances, the oil extraction treatment is carried out on the substances after impurity removal, available grease is produced, and the heavy substances are collected;

step two: screening, sand settling and stirring the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities in the livestock and poultry manure, then removing sand settling from the livestock and poultry manure, and uniformly mixing the livestock and poultry manure with the substances subjected to oil extraction treatment to form coarse slurry;

step three: uniformly mixing the coarse slurry with percolate from a garbage storage pit, backflow biogas slurry from solid-liquid separation equipment and crushed straws to form slurry;

step four: pyrolyzing and gasifying large-particle impurities in household garbage, municipal sludge, livestock and poultry manure and light substances in kitchen waste, and collecting and recycling furnace slag after pyrolysis and gasification;

step five: the gasified fuel gas generated after pyrolysis gasification is combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas for heat exchange treatment, the generated heat energy is used for oil extraction treatment, anaerobic fermentation and drying before pyrolysis gasification, and the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is up to the standard and discharged;

step six: and (2) performing anaerobic fermentation on the slurry to produce crude biogas, purifying the crude biogas to purify biogas and prepare compressed carbon dioxide, purifying the crude biogas to purify biogas, performing cogeneration on the purified crude biogas, performing solid-liquid separation on the digestion liquid obtained by the anaerobic fermentation, producing a solid organic fertilizer from the separated biogas residues, refluxing one part of the separated biogas slurry to prepare the slurry and wash kitchen waste feeding, and producing a liquid organic fertilizer from the other part of the separated biogas slurry.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the types of the treated organic wastes are diversified: the invention can realize the cooperative treatment of common organic wastes in cities and towns such as kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure, straws, household garbage, municipal sludge and the like, has strong raw material adaptability and high system integration level, and can be suitable for the treatment of most of domestic organic wastes.

2. The processing technology is diversified: based on different material characteristics of different organic wastes (such as high water content of kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure and municipal sludge, low water content of straws and household garbage, high oil content of kitchen waste and the like), the organic wastes are classified by adopting different pretreatment technologies and energy treatment technologies, the classified wastes are suitable for being treated by a wet method, the anaerobic fermentation technology is used for producing biogas, the dry method is suitable for being treated by the dry method, and the pyrolysis gas is produced by pyrolysis and gasification.

3. Low pollutant discharge: in the treatment process, the full utilization and the system consumption of wastes can be realized, for example, leachate, biogas slurry and the like are consumed in the treatment system, and the waste discharge is reduced; the odor mainly generating odor in a closed workshop where a kitchen waste and livestock and poultry excrement pretreatment system is located is pumped out to be used as heat exchange cold air of a heat exchanger, so that micro negative pressure of the workshop is ensured to avoid odor diffusion; the carbon dioxide separated in the process of purifying the methane is collected and compressed to be sold as a product, thereby not only reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, but also improving the economic benefit.

4. The energy utilization efficiency is high: the system can carry out make full use of pyrolysis gas burning's energy, and through two medium heat exchanges, hot water is used for the heating and the heat preservation of three-phase oil extractor, anaerobic fermentation jar, and hot-air is used for the stoving of raw materials such as domestic waste, municipal sludge in the rubbish feeder hopper to reduce the material moisture content, improve the rubbish calorific value that gets into the pyrolysis gasification burner, reduce the energy consumption of system itself.

5. Poly-generation of products: the method can realize poly-generation of biogas, compressed carbon dioxide, electric energy, heat energy, solid organic fertilizer, liquid organic fertilizer, grease, furnace slag (capable of being used as low-grade road subgrade materials) and the like based on waste treatment, and has the advantages of various technical utilization modes, strong market adaptability, high popularization and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the heat exchanger of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system; 1001. a biomass separation device; 10011. a wall breaking knife; 10012. a water supply port; 10013. a light material outlet; 10014. a homogenate outlet; 10015. a high-frequency vibrator; 10016. a rotating drum; 10017. a heavy material outlet; 1002. a three-phase oil extraction machine; 1003. organic garbage fine mixing equipment; 10031. a kitchen waste inlet; 10032. a livestock and poultry manure inlet; 10033. a grid; 10034. a fecal sewage material outlet; 10035. a first stirrer; 10036. a movable baffle; 10037. a second agitator; 10038. a third stirrer; 10039. a second biaxial helix; 1004. a sand setting treatment facility; 1005. a grease storage device; 2. a straw feeding bin; 2001. a feeding bin body; 2002. a first biaxial screw; 3. a heat exchanger; 3001. a cold water supply port; 3002. a hot water outlet; 3003. a cold air supply port; 3004. a hot air outlet; 3005. a high temperature flue gas inlet; 3006. a low-temperature flue gas outlet; 3007. a group of heat exchange coil pipes; 3008. b group heat exchange coil pipe; 4. flue gas treatment equipment; 5. a garbage feed hopper; 6. a pyrolysis gasifier; 6001. a combustion chamber; 6002. a pyrolysis furnace body; 6003. a slag outlet; 7. a leachate treatment device; 8. a homogenizing tank; 8001. a liquid stream inlet; 8002. a straw feeding hole; 8003. a brown stock inlet; 8004. a slurry outlet; 9. anaerobic fermentation tank; 9001. a gas storage film; 9002. a slurry inlet; 9003. a fermentation tank body; 9004. a digestive juice outlet; 10. a biogas purification device; 11. biogas purification equipment; 12. a carbon dioxide capture device; 13. a biogas storage facility; 14. a cogeneration plant; 15. a solid-liquid separator; 16. liquid organic fertilizer production equipment; 17. solid organic fertilizer production facility.

Detailed Description

With respect to the above technical solutions, preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system disclosed by the invention comprises a kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system 1, a pyrolysis gasification system, an organic waste mixing system, an anaerobic fermentation system and an anaerobic fermentation product utilization system, wherein the kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system is shown in figure 1; the kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system 1 is used for pretreating kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure, producing grease, and screening out components for pyrolysis gasification and anaerobic fermentation; the components needing pyrolysis and gasification are conveyed into a pyrolysis and gasification system for treatment, and the heat energy after treatment can exchange heat through different cold media and is used for a kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system 1, an anaerobic fermentation system and a self pyrolysis and gasification system; conveying anaerobic fermentation components into an organic garbage mixing system for treatment, conveying the components into an anaerobic fermentation system for fermentation treatment, and conveying the components into an anaerobic fermentation product utilization system for treatment to produce fertilizer, heat energy, electric energy, compressed carbon dioxide and biogas, wherein the generated biogas slurry backflow can be repeatedly used in the anaerobic fermentation system and the kitchen garbage and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system 1; wherein:

referring to fig. 2, the kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system 1 comprises a biomass separation device 1001, an oil extractor and organic waste fine mixing device 1003; the biomass separation equipment 1001 comprises a funnel for feeding kitchen waste, a crushing device is connected below the funnel, a wall breaking knife 10011 for crushing the kitchen waste is arranged inside the crushing device, the crushing device is of a pipeline-shaped structure, a rotary drum 10016 is connected below the crushing device, the rotary drum 10016 is of a barreled structure, a water supply opening 10012 is arranged on the upper portion of the rotary drum 10016, the water supply opening 10012 can convey biogas slurry generated by an anaerobic fermentation system, a light material outlet 10013 is arranged on the upper portion of the rotary drum 10016, a homogenate outlet 10014 is arranged in the middle of the rotary drum 10016, a heavy material outlet 10017 is arranged at the bottom of the rotary drum 10016, a high-frequency vibrator 10015 is arranged inside the rotary drum 10016, the high-frequency vibrator 10015 is arranged at the center of the rotary drum 10016, the rotary drum 10016 can rotate to generate centrifugal force, under the rotation of the rotary drum 10016 and the action of the high-frequency vibrator 10015, the crushed kitchen waste and biogas slurry can be mixed and centrifuged to separate light substances such as chopsticks and plastics and be conveyed out from a light substance outlet 10013, the separated heavy substances such as gravel, shells and ceramics are conveyed out from a heavy substance outlet 10017 and conveyed into a sand settling treatment facility 1004 for collection treatment, the grain size of the kitchen waste after impurity removal is below 10mm to form a homogenized substance, and the homogenized substance is conveyed into an oil extractor for oil extraction treatment from a homogenized substance outlet 10014; the oil extractor is a three-phase oil extractor 1002, the three-phase oil extractor 1002 carries out oil extraction treatment on the homogenized substance conveyed by the homogenized outlet 10014, the oil and fat after the oil extraction treatment are conveyed into an oil and fat storage device 1005, and the homogenized substance after the oil extraction treatment is conveyed into an organic garbage fine mixing device 1003; the organic waste fine mixing device 1003 is a closed funnel-shaped large cavity and comprises a kitchen waste inlet 10031 and a livestock and poultry manure inlet 10032 which are arranged at the top, the kitchen waste inlet 10031 is communicated with a kitchen waste temporary storage chamber in the upper half part of an inner cavity of the organic waste fine mixing device 1003, the livestock and poultry manure inlet 10032 is communicated with a livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber, the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber and the livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber are separated by a baffle, a movable baffle 10036 is arranged at the bottom of the waste temporary storage chamber, when homogenate substances enter the organic waste fine mixing device 1003 from the kitchen waste inlet 10031, the homogenate substances are temporarily stored in the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber firstly, and the movable baffle 10036 at the bottom is in a closed state; livestock and poultry excrement filtering chamber bottom is provided with grid 10033, grid 10033 slope sets up, the baffle that separates in the room with kitchen garbage collection is connected to the higher slope one side of grid 10033, the inner chamber wall of organic rubbish mixing apparatus 1003 that refines is connected to lower slope one side, excrement dirt material export 10034 has been seted up at the inner chamber wall simultaneously, grid 10033 carries out the edulcoration to big particle footpath debris in the livestock and poultry excrement dirt and filters, the big particle footpath debris of filtering out is carried out by excrement dirt material export 10034, surplus excrement dirt sinks at the grit chamber that organic rubbish mixing apparatus 1003 bottom set up, the bottom of grit chamber sets up to the slope structure, be favorable to collecting bottom deposit's grit, the grit of collection is carried into grit processing facility 1004, treat the excrement dirt grit and get rid of the back, open movable baffle 10036, make the homogenate material of kitchen garbage mix with livestock and poultry excrement dirt, be provided with first agitator 10035 in the room for kitchen garbage collection, can make kitchen garbage's the abundant homogenate material that kitchen garbage sinks, can guarantee the speed that sinks of sinking of the excrement dirt material of kitchen garbage collection, be provided with second agitator 1003 bottom homogenizer 1003 and the even mixing apparatus 10038 respectively in organic two refinement mixing apparatus 1003 that refines, 10038, the even mixed of the excrement sediment that sets up after can ensure.

The pyrolysis gasification system comprises a garbage feed hopper 5, a pyrolysis gasification furnace 6 and a heat exchanger 3, wherein the garbage feed hopper 5 conveys domestic garbage, municipal sludge and kitchen garbage, and light substances output from a light substance outlet 10013 and large-particle-diameter impurities output from a feces material outlet 10034 in the livestock and poultry feces pretreatment system 1; the bottom of the garbage feed hopper 5 is communicated with a pyrolysis gasifier 6, and the pyrolysis gasifier 6 comprises a pyrolysis gasifier body 6002, a combustion chamber 6001 at the upper part of an inner cavity of the pyrolysis gasifier 6 and a slag outlet 6003 at the bottom; firstly, materials in a garbage feed hopper 5 are dried by hot air, the temperature of the hot air is 50-60 ℃, the moisture content of the materials after drying is reduced to 20-30%, the materials enter a pyrolysis gasification furnace 6, the reaction temperature in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 6 is 850-900 ℃, gasified fuel gas generated by pyrolysis gasification enters a combustion chamber 6001 for combustion, slag generated by pyrolysis gasification is discharged from a slag outlet 6003, and the slag can be used as a low-grade pavement paving material after being collected; the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 6001 provides heat energy for the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is of a cavity structure and is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet 3005 and a low-temperature flue gas outlet 3006, the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 6001 enters the cavity of the heat exchanger from the high-temperature flue gas inlet 3005, an A group of heat exchange coil 3007 and a B group of heat exchange coil 3008 are respectively arranged inside the cavity of the heat exchanger, two ends of the A group of heat exchange coil are respectively communicated with a cold water supply port 3001 and a hot water outlet port 3002 which are arranged outside the cavity of the heat exchanger, two ends of the B group of heat exchange coil are respectively communicated with a cold air supply port 3003 and a hot air outlet port 3004 which are arranged outside the cavity of the heat exchanger, the hot water outlet port 3002 is communicated with a three-phase oil extractor 1002 and an anaerobic fermentation system in the livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system 1, and the hot water heats and preserves the temperature of the kitchen waste in the three-phase oil extractor 1002 to maintain the working temperature of oil extraction; cold wind air feed mouth 3003 intercommunication draught fan, the draught fan extraction sets up the kitchen garbage in the factory building is sealed to the negative pressure, beasts and birds excrement pretreatment system 1, the extraction contains the cold air of foul smell as the cold wind source, hot-blast air outlet 3004 intercommunication pyrolysis gasification system's rubbish feeder hopper is dried the material, discharge by low temperature exhanst gas outlet 3006 after the heat transfer termination in the heat exchanger cavity at high temperature flue gas, low temperature exhanst gas outlet 3006 intercommunication fume treatment equipment 4, fume treatment equipment 4 carries out the desulfurization to the flue gas, the denitration, the dechlorination, remove dust, discharge after reaching standard after the dioxin desorption.

The organic garbage mixing system comprises a leachate treatment device 7 for treating garbage storage pit liquid, a homogenization tank 8 and a straw feeding bin 2; the top of the homogenizing tank 8 is provided with a fluid inlet 8001 and a straw feed inlet 8002, the middle of the homogenizing tank is provided with a coarse pulp inlet 8003, the bottom of the homogenizing tank is provided with a slurry outlet 8004, the fluid inlet 8001 is communicated with the leachate treatment device 7 and the anaerobic fermentation product utilization system, the straw feed inlet 8002 is communicated with the straw feed bin 2, the coarse pulp inlet 8003 is communicated with a second double-shaft spiral 10039 in the kitchen and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system to convey the coarse pulp material, the fluid entering the homogenizing tank 8 through the fluid inlet 8001 is used for adjusting the solid content of the material in the homogenizing tank 8, the material in the homogenizing tank 8 is uniformly mixed to prepare the slurry with the solid content of 12-15%, and the slurry is output through the slurry outlet 8004; the straw feeding bin 2 comprises a feeding bin body 2001 and a first double-shaft screw 2002 arranged at the bottom of the feeding bin body 2001, and the first double-shaft screw 2002 can ensure the speed of outputting materials and prevent output blockage.

The anaerobic fermentation system is an anaerobic fermentation tank 9 and comprises a fermentation tank body 9003, a gas storage membrane 9001 at the top of the fermentation tank body 9003, a slurry inlet 9002 at the upper part of the fermentation tank body 9003 and a digestive juice outlet 9004 at the lower part of the fermentation tank body 9003, wherein the slurry inlet 9002 is communicated with a slurry outlet 8004 of an organic garbage mixing system, slurry prepared by a homogenizing tank 8 is input, the anaerobic fermentation process of the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 is subjected to heat preservation and heating, hot water is from hot water output from a hot water outlet of a heat exchanger 3, when the temperature of the hot water after heat exchange in the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 is reduced to 35-45 ℃, the hot water is re-fed to a cold water supply port 3001 of the heat exchanger 3 through a water return pipe for circular heating, and lost water is supplemented by supplying water; the temperature in the fermentation tank is 38-45 ℃, after the materials in the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 stay for 25-45 days, the crude biogas generated after anaerobic fermentation is gathered on the gas storage membrane 9001 at the top of the anaerobic hairpin tank; the gas storage membrane 9001 and the digestive juice outlet 9004 are communicated with an anaerobic fermentation product utilization system to respectively output crude biogas and digestive juice after anaerobic fermentation.

The anaerobic fermentation product utilization system comprises a methane utilization system and an organic fertilizer utilization system; the biogas utilization system comprises biogas purification equipment 10, biogas purification equipment 11 and cogeneration equipment 14, wherein the biogas purification equipment 10 is communicated with a gas storage membrane 9001, the biogas purification equipment 10 is respectively connected with the biogas purification equipment 11 and the cogeneration equipment 14, crude biogas in the gas storage membrane 9001 is subjected to purification treatment such as desulfurization and the like by the biogas purification equipment 10 and then is distributed to the cogeneration equipment 14 to generate electric energy and heat energy, the other part of crude biogas is distributed to the biogas purification equipment 11 to separate methane and carbon dioxide in the biogas, the separated carbon dioxide is compressed and stored by carbon dioxide capture equipment 12 communicated with the biogas purification equipment 11, and the separated methane stores biogas by biological natural gas storage equipment 13 communicated with the biogas purification equipment 11; the organic fertilizer utilization system comprises a solid-liquid separator 15, liquid organic fertilizer production equipment 16 and solid organic fertilizer production equipment 17, wherein the liquid organic fertilizer production equipment 16 and the solid organic fertilizer production equipment 17 are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separator 15; the digestive juice generated by anaerobic fermentation is led to a solid-liquid separator 15 through a digestive juice outlet 9004, after solid-liquid separation, biogas residues enter solid organic fertilizer production equipment 17 to produce solid organic fertilizer, part of biogas slurry flows back to a homogenizing tank to adjust the solid content of materials and assist anaerobic fermentation (the biogas slurry contains anaerobic bacteria), part of biogas slurry enters liquid organic fertilizer production equipment 16 to produce liquid organic fertilizer, and the other part of biogas slurry is used for supplying water to the biomass separation equipment 1001 to wash kitchen waste for feeding.

The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: crushing, screening, impurity removal and oil extraction treatment are carried out on the kitchen waste to realize separation of light substances and heavy substances, the oil extraction treatment is carried out on the substances after impurity removal, available grease is produced, and the heavy substances are collected;

step two: screening, sand settling and stirring the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities in the livestock and poultry manure, then removing sand settling from the livestock and poultry manure, and uniformly mixing the livestock and poultry manure with the substances subjected to oil extraction treatment to form coarse slurry;

step three: uniformly mixing the coarse slurry, percolate from a garbage storage pit, backflow biogas slurry from solid-liquid separation equipment and crushed straws to form slurry, wherein the solid content of the slurry is 12-15%;

step four: drying large-particle impurities in household garbage, municipal sludge, livestock and poultry manure and light substances in kitchen waste at the drying temperature of 50-60 ℃, carrying out pyrolysis gasification on the materials until the moisture content is reduced to 20-30% through drying, wherein the pyrolysis gasification reaction temperature is 850-900 ℃, then carrying out pyrolysis gasification, and collecting and treating the slag after pyrolysis gasification as a low-grade pavement paving material;

step five: the gasified fuel gas generated after pyrolysis and gasification is combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas for heat exchange treatment, the heat energy after heat exchange is used for oil extraction treatment and anaerobic fermentation, and the generated low-temperature flue gas is treated to reach the standard and is discharged; the heat energy of the heat exchange treatment heats cold air and cold water to form hot air and hot water, the cold air is heated to 50-60 ℃, the cold water is heated to 60-70 ℃, the hot air is used for drying in the fourth step, and the hot water is used for oil extraction treatment in the first step and heat preservation heating in the sixth step;

step six: and (2) carrying out heat preservation and heating on the slurry for anaerobic fermentation, wherein the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is 38-45 ℃, the fermentation time is 25-45 days, crude methane is produced, part of the purified crude methane is used for purifying biogas and preparing compressed carbon dioxide, and the other part of the purified crude methane is used for cogeneration, the digestion solution of the anaerobic fermentation is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the separated methane slag produces solid organic fertilizer, one part of the separated methane liquid is refluxed for preparing the slurry and washing kitchen waste feeding, and the other part of the separated methane liquid produces liquid organic fertilizer.

The following is an example of multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation method treatment using the multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system of the present invention.

Example 1

In this embodiment, the multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system is used for realizing the co-treatment and utilization of the kitchen waste, the livestock and poultry manure, the municipal sludge, the household waste and the straw. In the embodiment, the water content of the kitchen waste feed is 80%, the content of the corrodible organic waste accounts for 85%, the content of light substances such as plastics and chopsticks is 5%, and the content of heavy substances such as glass and bricks is 5%; the solid content of the livestock and poultry manure (chicken manure) feeding material is 25 percent; the water content of the straw (corn straw) is 65 percent; the water content of the municipal sludge is 85%; the water content of the household garbage is 50 percent.

After being treated by the kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system 1, impurities in the kitchen waste are treated, the separated light waste enters the waste feed hopper 5 to be mixed with municipal sludge and household waste, the mixed waste in the waste feed hopper 5 is dried by hot air at 60 ℃ from the heat exchanger 3 until the water content is reduced to 20 percent, the mixed waste is sent to a pyrolysis gasification furnace, the gasification reaction temperature is about 880 ℃, the smoke temperature after the combustion of gasified fuel gas is about 920 ℃, the smoke gas flows through the heat exchanger 3 to be reduced to 850 ℃, and then the smoke gas is sent to smoke gas treatment equipment 4; crushing the kitchen waste after impurity removal until the particle size reaches about 5mm, then sending the kitchen waste to a three-phase oil extractor 1002 for oil extraction, storing grease, sending the kitchen slurry after oil extraction and livestock and poultry manure into an organic waste fine mixing device 1003 for further crushing, sand removal and other treatment, then sending the kitchen slurry and the livestock and poultry manure into a homogenizing tank to prepare slurry with the solid content of 13%, sending the slurry to an anaerobic fermentation tank 9, fermenting at the temperature of 38 ℃, for 35 days, heating water for the fermentation tank comes from a heat exchanger 3, the water supply/return water temperature is 60 ℃/40 ℃, the methane content of the generated crude methane is 55%, the carbon dioxide content is 43%, purifying the purified half of the crude methane, carrying out cogeneration on the other half, respectively producing solid organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer from the fermented biogas residue and biogas slurry, and refluxing part of the biogas slurry to the homogenizing tank for recycling, thereby reducing the consumption of fresh process water.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system is used for realizing the co-treatment and utilization of the kitchen waste, the livestock and poultry manure, the municipal sludge, the household waste and the straw. In the embodiment, the water content of the kitchen waste feed is 82%, the content of the corrodible organic waste is 86%, the content of light substances such as plastics and chopsticks is 5%, and the content of heavy substances such as glass and bricks is 4%; the solid content of the livestock and poultry manure (cow dung) feed is 18 percent; the water content of the straw (rice straw) is 60 percent; the water content of the municipal sludge is 82%; the water content of the household garbage is 45 percent.

After being treated by the kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system 1, impurities in the kitchen waste are treated, the separated light waste enters the waste feed hopper 5 to be mixed with municipal sludge and household waste, 56 ℃ hot air from the heat exchanger 3 dries the mixed waste in the waste feed hopper 5 until the water content is reduced to 25%, the mixed waste is sent to a pyrolysis gasification furnace, the gasification reaction temperature is about 900 ℃, the smoke temperature after the gasification gas is combusted is about 950 ℃, the smoke temperature after the smoke flows through the heat exchanger 3 is reduced to 860 ℃, and then the smoke is sent to the smoke treatment equipment 4; crushing the kitchen waste after impurity removal to reach about 3mm in particle size, then sending the kitchen waste to a three-phase oil extractor 1002 for oil extraction, storing grease, sending the kitchen slurry after oil extraction and the livestock and poultry manure together into an organic waste fine mixing device 1003 for further crushing, sand removal and other treatment, then sending the kitchen slurry and the livestock and poultry manure into a homogenizing tank to prepare slurry with the solid content of 15%, sending the slurry into an anaerobic fermentation tank 9, fermenting at 42 ℃, for 40 days, heating water for the fermentation tank comes from a heat exchanger 3, the water supply/return water temperature is 65 ℃/45 ℃, the methane content of the generated crude biogas is 56%, the carbon dioxide content is 42%, 1/3 of the purified total amount of the crude biogas is purified, performing cogeneration on 2/3 of the total amount, respectively producing solid biogas slurry and liquid organic fertilizer from biogas residues generated after fermentation, refluxing part of biogas slurry into the homogenizing tank for recycling, and reducing the consumption of fresh process water.

While the invention has been described in connection with certain preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise details of construction and operation, and that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like are used herein to describe various orientations and positional relationships of the elements in the drawings, and are intended to provide convenient illustrations and simplified illustrations.

Claims (15)

1. A multisource organic waste treatment and poly-generation system is characterized by comprising a kitchen waste and livestock manure pretreatment system, a pyrolysis gasification system, an organic waste mixing system, an anaerobic fermentation system and an anaerobic fermentation product utilization system; the pretreatment system for the kitchen waste and the livestock and poultry manure is used for crushing, screening, removing impurities and extracting oil from the kitchen waste, screening, settling sand and stirring the livestock and poultry manure, mixing the treated kitchen waste and the treated livestock and poultry manure into an anaerobic fermentation material, and using the screened light substance for the pyrolysis and gasification material; the materials capable of being pyrolyzed and gasified are conveyed into a pyrolysis and gasification system, meanwhile, domestic garbage and municipal sludge are added for pyrolysis and gasification, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is subjected to heat exchange treatment by air and water media to generate heat energy which is used for heating and heat preservation of a kitchen garbage and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system, an anaerobic fermentation system and the pyrolysis and gasification system; conveying the material capable of being subjected to anaerobic fermentation into an organic garbage mixing system to mix straws, conveying the material into an anaerobic fermentation system for fermentation treatment, treating the product of the anaerobic fermentation system by using an anaerobic fermentation product utilization system, treating one part of the produced biogas into biogas and capturing the carbon dioxide to prepare compressed carbon dioxide, and converting the other part of the biogas into heat energy and electric energy; biogas residues after anaerobic fermentation are processed into liquid organic fertilizers and solid organic fertilizers, and leachate generated by biogas slurry and garbage pits can replace fresh water to be reused in an anaerobic fermentation system and a kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system.

2. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 1, wherein the kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system comprises biomass separation equipment, an oil extraction machine and organic waste fine mixing equipment; the biomass separation equipment separates light substances in the kitchen waste and conveys the light substances into a pyrolysis gasification system, heavy substances in the kitchen waste are separated and conveyed into a sand settling treatment facility for collection and treatment, residues in the kitchen waste are conveyed into an oil extraction machine for oil extraction treatment, the kitchen waste after the oil extraction treatment is conveyed into organic waste fine mixing equipment, the organic waste fine mixing equipment filters large-particle impurities in the livestock and poultry excrement, the livestock and poultry excrement after impurity removal and the kitchen waste after the oil extraction treatment are fully mixed and conveyed into an organic waste mixing system, and the large-particle impurities in the livestock and poultry excrement are conveyed into the pyrolysis gasification system.

3. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 2, wherein the biomass separation equipment comprises a funnel into which the kitchen waste is fed, a crushing device is connected below the funnel, a wall breaking knife for crushing the kitchen waste is arranged in the crushing device, a rotary drum is connected below the crushing device, a water supply port is arranged at the upper part of the rotary drum and is used for delivering biogas slurry generated by the anaerobic fermentation system, a light material outlet is arranged at the upper part of the rotary drum, a homogenate outlet is arranged at the middle part of the rotary drum, a heavy material outlet is arranged at the bottom of the rotary drum, and a high-frequency vibrator is arranged in the rotary drum; the rotary drum can rotate centrifugally and the high-frequency vibrator can separate light substances and heavy substances from homogenate substances in the kitchen waste.

4. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 2, wherein the top of the organic waste fine mixing device is provided with a kitchen waste inlet and a livestock and poultry manure inlet, the kitchen waste inlet is communicated with an openable kitchen waste temporary storage chamber in the upper half part of the inner cavity of the organic waste fine mixing device, the livestock and poultry manure inlet is communicated with a livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber capable of filtering large granular impurities, the livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber is provided with a manure material outlet, and the manure material outlet is used for outputting and filtering large granular impurities; a stirring device is arranged in the organic garbage fine mixing equipment, and a second double-shaft screw is arranged at the bottom of the organic garbage fine mixing equipment to output mixed garbage and convey the mixed garbage into an organic garbage mixing system.

5. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 4, wherein the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber is separated from the livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber by a partition plate, a movable baffle plate is arranged at the bottom of the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber to control the opening and closing of the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber, a grating is arranged at the bottom of the livestock and poultry manure filtering chamber to remove impurities and filter, the grating is arranged in an inclined manner, and an included angle between the grating and the horizontal direction is 15-30 degrees.

6. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 4, wherein the stirring device is a first stirrer arranged in the kitchen waste temporary storage chamber, and a second stirrer and a third stirrer respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the organic waste fine mixing device.

7. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 4, wherein the bottom of the second biaxial screw is provided with a grit chamber, the bottom of the grit chamber is inclined, and the grit in the grit chamber is conveyed to the grit treatment facility.

8. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis gasification system comprises a waste feed hopper, a pyrolysis gasification furnace and a heat exchanger, the waste feed hopper conveys components to be pyrolyzed and gasified separated from a domestic waste, municipal sludge, kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system, the bottom of the waste feed hopper is communicated with the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and gasified fuel gas generated after pyrolysis gasification is combusted again to generate high-temperature flue gas to provide heat energy for the heat exchanger.

9. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste mixing system comprises a leachate treatment device for treating waste storage pit liquid, a homogenization tank and a straw feeding bin, the top of the homogenization tank is provided with a flowing liquid inlet and a straw feeding port, the middle of the homogenization tank is provided with a coarse pulp inlet, the bottom of the homogenization tank is provided with a slurry outlet, the flowing liquid inlet is communicated with the leachate treatment device and the anaerobic fermentation product utilization system, the straw feeding port is communicated with the straw feeding bin, the coarse pulp inlet is communicated with the kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure pretreatment system, and the slurry outlet is connected with the anaerobic fermentation system.

10. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic fermentation system is an anaerobic fermentation tank, and comprises a fermentation tank body, a gas storage membrane at the top of the fermentation tank body, a slurry inlet at the upper part of the fermentation tank body and a digestion liquid outlet at the lower part of the fermentation tank body, wherein the slurry inlet is communicated with the organic waste mixing system, and the gas storage membrane and the digestion liquid outlet are communicated with the anaerobic fermentation product utilization system.

11. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system of claim 10, wherein the anaerobic fermentation product utilization system comprises a biogas utilization system and an organic fertilizer utilization system, the biogas utilization system is communicated with the gas storage membrane, and the organic fertilizer utilization system is communicated with the digestion liquid outlet.

12. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 11, wherein the biogas utilization system comprises a biogas purification device, a biogas purification device and a co-generation device, the biogas purification device is communicated with the gas storage membrane, and the biogas purification device and the co-generation device are respectively communicated with the biogas purification device.

13. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system of claim 12, wherein the biogas purification equipment is in communication with a biogas storage facility and a carbon dioxide capture facility, and separation and separate collection of natural gas and carbon dioxide are achieved during biogas purification.

14. The multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation system according to claim 11, wherein the organic fertilizer utilization system comprises a solid-liquid separator, a liquid organic fertilizer production device and a solid organic fertilizer production device, the liquid organic fertilizer production device and the solid organic fertilizer production device are respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separator, and part of biogas slurry separated by the solid-liquid separator flows back to the organic waste mixing system.

15. A multi-source organic waste treatment and poly-generation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: crushing, screening, impurity removal and oil extraction treatment are carried out on the kitchen waste to realize separation of light substances and heavy substances, the oil extraction treatment is carried out on the substances after impurity removal to produce usable grease, and the heavy substances are collected;

step two: screening, sand settling and stirring the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities in the livestock and poultry manure, then removing sand settling from the livestock and poultry manure, and uniformly mixing the livestock and poultry manure with the substances subjected to oil extraction treatment to form coarse slurry;

step three: uniformly mixing the coarse slurry with percolate from a garbage storage pit, backflow biogas slurry from solid-liquid separation equipment and crushed straws to form slurry;

step four: pyrolyzing and gasifying large-particle impurities in household garbage, municipal sludge, livestock and poultry manure and light substances in kitchen waste, and collecting and recycling furnace slag after pyrolysis and gasification;

step five: the gasified fuel gas generated after pyrolysis and gasification is combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas for heat exchange treatment, the generated heat energy is used for oil extraction treatment, anaerobic fermentation and drying before pyrolysis and gasification, and the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange treatment reaches the standard and is discharged;

step six: and (2) performing anaerobic fermentation on the slurry to produce crude methane, purifying the crude methane to obtain purified biogas and compressed carbon dioxide, performing combined heat and power generation on the purified biogas, performing solid-liquid separation on the digestion liquid of the anaerobic fermentation, producing solid organic fertilizer from the separated biogas residues, refluxing one part of the separated biogas slurry to prepare the slurry and wash kitchen waste, and producing liquid organic fertilizer from the other part of the separated biogas slurry.

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