CN105602844A - Kitchen waste medium-high-temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment and anaerobic digestion method - Google Patents

Kitchen waste medium-high-temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment and anaerobic digestion method Download PDF

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CN105602844A
CN105602844A CN201610182035.0A CN201610182035A CN105602844A CN 105602844 A CN105602844 A CN 105602844A CN 201610182035 A CN201610182035 A CN 201610182035A CN 105602844 A CN105602844 A CN 105602844A
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reactor
pond
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temperature
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CN105602844B (en
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朱明扬
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SHANGHAI ONEDEAR ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHANGHAI ONEDEAR ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses kitchen waste medium-high-temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment and anaerobic digestion method. The equipment comprises a feeder, a drum coarse screen, a grinder, an extruder, a collection pool, a cyclone desander, a feeding buffer pool, a medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, a centrifugal dehydrator, a sewage purification system, a vacuum drier and a biogas boiler, wherein the feeder, the drum coarse screen, the grinder, the extruder, the collection pool, the cyclone desander, the feeding buffer pool, the medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, the centrifugal dehydrator and the sewage purification system are connected in sequence; the medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank and the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank are respectively connected with the biogas boiler; the contrifugal dehydrator is connected with the vacuum drier; the vacuum drier is connected with the biogas boiler; and the sewage purification system is connected with the collection pool. According to the kitchen waste medium-high-temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment and anaerobic digestion method, the biogas yield can be improved, the system operation stability can be improved, and resource utilization is easy.

Description

High temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment and anaerobic digestion process in kitchen castoff
Technical field
The invention belongs to kitchen castoff processing technology field, relate to a kind of kitchen castoff treatment facility, especiallyRelate to high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in a kind of kitchen castoff; Meanwhile, the invention still further relates to and a kind of above-mentionedly detestThe anaerobic digestion process of oxygen digestion facility.
Background technology
Kitchen castoff is the main source of organic phase in domestic waste, generally result from enterprises and institutions,School, the market of farm produce, supermarket, and food service industry. Taking Beijing, the big city such as Shanghai, Guangzhou is as example,Its kitchen castoff daily output has all exceeded 1000 tons. Kitchen castoff is with starch based, food fiber class, movingThe organic substances such as thing fats are main component, have high-moisture, high grease, high salinity and perishable smelly,The features such as easily biological-degradable. The kitchen castoff of China is raised live pig except being used as, and the overwhelming majority is all to fill outThe formal layout burying, has not only taken the land resource of a large amount of preciousnesses, and pollutes surrounding enviroment.
The anaerobic ferment process of kitchen castoff comes from the Anaerobic Methods in Treating of trade effluent, mud, be oneRipe application technology. The advantage of kitchen castoff anaerobic bio-treated is the high organic loading of anaerobeAbility to bear, totally enclosed bioreactor has reduced the secondary pollution of processing procedure to environment, even more importantBe to reclaim biomass energy (hydrogen, methane) in processing discarded object, this shows for energy growing tensionModern society has even more important realistic meaning.
Application number is CN201410787679.3, name be called " based in rubbish more than the kitchen of high temperature combined anaerobic digestionRubbish and mud co-treatment method " patent application, its method is to adopt mesophilic anaerobic digestion, ozone oxidation and heightTemperature anaerobic digestion combination technique is processed the mixture of rubbish from cooking and mud, comprises rubbish from cooking is carried outBreak process, mix with dewatered sludge, hydrolysis acidification processing, mesophilic anaerobic digestion, ozone Oxidation Treatment, heightTemperature anaerobic digestion, processed, make dehydration liquid and dehydrated sludge cake, and dehydration liquid is transported to liquid storage tank, dehydration mudCake is as fertilizer.
Application number is CN200710029440.X, and name is called " a kind of changing food waste diphasic anaerobic fermentation hydrogen productThe method of methane " patent, its method is that in adopting 2, the complete hybrid cylindrical reactor of temperature (CSTR) comesRealize and produce hydrogen and produce methane, natural pond slag is used for making fertilizer.
Existing kitchen castoff anaerobic digestion process and equipment, be generally to adopt single-phase or two same temperature, equalFor mesophilic anaerobic digestion (30-40 DEG C) or be thermophilic digestion (50-60 DEG C), or need to dirtCo-treatment after mud mixes, causes that kitchen castoff treating capacity is little, the stability of a system is poor, biogas low conversion rate etc.Problem, and fermentation after natural pond slag biochemical poor, make fertilizer but because easily containing the reasons such as heavy metal, market is subject toRestriction. Therefore, these factors have all restricted recycling and the zero discharge treatment of kitchen castoff.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide high temperature combined anaerobic digestion in a kind of kitchen castoff to establishStandby, can improve biogas yield, the stability of the operation of raising system simultaneously, is easy to recycling, pollutant zeroDischarge.
In addition, the present invention also provides the anaerobic digestion side of high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in a kind of kitchen castoffMethod, can improve biogas yield, and the stability of the operation of raising system simultaneously, is easy to recycling, pollutant zeroDischarge.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
High temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in a kind of kitchen castoff, described equipment comprises: charger, rotary drum are thickGrid, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, charging Buffer Pool, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank,High-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification system, vacuum drier, methane boiler;
Described charger, rotary drum coarse rack, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, charging are delayedRush pond, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification system and connect successively,Intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank connect respectively methane boiler, and centrifugal dehydrator connects vacuum dryingMachine, vacuum drier connects methane boiler; The sewage purification system pond that connects material, sewage is through sewage purification systemAfter system as recycle-water, by the reuse water pipe pond that connects material, for the charging dilution of kitchen castoff;
Described charger is used for receiving changing food waste; Charger place is provided with delivery pump and rotary drum coarse rack, rotary drumThe interval of grid strip of coarse rack is 60mm; It is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, this part bulky grain thingMatter will be sent into landfill yard and is carried out landfill disposal after being discharged by Residue extraction pipeline after centralized collection; And size is less thanThe changing food waste of interval of grid strip enters disintegrating machine through coarse rack;
Changing food waste is pulp after the extruding of crusher in crushing and extruder, sends into by conveyance conduit the pond and going back to of connecting materialDilute with water, is provided with agitator in the pond that connects material, and mixes changing food waste with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pondAfter connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, be pulpous state and discharge from the bottom, pond that connects material; Kitchen castoff and recycle-water thinner ratioExample by weight, is 1:8～1:10;
The pulpous state rubbish of discharging enters hydrocyclone separating heavy material, hydraulic detention time 50s; IsolatedHeavy substance is sent into landfill yard landfill after being discharged by sediment outflow pipeline after centralized collection, it is slow that remainder is transported to chargingRush pond and carry out heating pretreatment;
Mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature reactor and carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation;Anaeration in normal temperature reactor adopts complete hybrid cylindrical reactor CSTR, and temperature controlling range is 35～38 DEG C,Charging TS (total solids content) concentration is 10%, and the reactor waterpower time of staying is 21 days, controlled fermentation pHValue is 7.5～8.5; For the heating of feed liquid in compensation heat loss and reactor, in reactor on two-way airflow pipeInternal heat EGR is installed, in order to keep treatment temperature at 36 DEG C;
Residue after mesophilic digestion continues to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, further fermentation and biogas production; HighTemperature anaerobic reactor adopts up-flow sludge bed reactor UASB, and temperature controlling range is 52～55 DEG C, chargingTS concentration is 8%, charging organic loading: 4～5kgVS/m3D, controlled fermentation pH value is 6.5～7.5;Wherein upflow velocity is controlled at 0.5m/h, for ensureing upflow velocity, by the natural pond producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactorGas is filled with reactor bottom by compressor;
By the biogas producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor and high temperature anaerobic reactor after simple purification, asThe fuel of methane boiler uses, after the natural pond slag after the fermentation of high temperature anaerobic reactor dewaters by centrifugal dehydrator, and dirtWater as recycle-water, is connected to by reuse water pipe the pond that connects material after sewage purification system, discarded for the kitchen of eatingThe charging dilution of thing; Sewage purification system adopts membrane bioreactor MBR, and membrane flux is controlled at 18L/ (m2h);
Enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry required steam is by natural pondGas boiler provides, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel put in methane boiler and burn; VacuumThe required steam pressure of drying machine is 0.2MPa, dry rear material water ratio≤10%.
High temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in a kind of kitchen castoff, described equipment comprises: charger, rotary drum are thickGrid, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, charging Buffer Pool, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank,High-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification system, vacuum drier, methane boiler;
Described charger, rotary drum coarse rack, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, charging are delayedRush pond, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification system and connect successively,Intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank connect respectively methane boiler, and centrifugal dehydrator connects vacuum dryingMachine, vacuum drier connects methane boiler; The sewage purification system pond that connects material, sewage is through sewage purification systemAfter system as recycle-water, by the reuse water pipe pond that connects material, for the charging dilution of kitchen castoff.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described charger is used for receiving changing food waste; Install at charger placeHave delivery pump and rotary drum coarse rack, it is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, and this part large particulate matter willAfter discharging by Residue extraction pipeline after centralized collection, send into landfill yard and carry out landfill disposal; And size is less than grizzly barThe changing food waste of spacing enters disintegrating machine through coarse rack.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, changing food waste is pulping after crusher in crushing and extruder extrudingShape, sends into by conveyance conduit connect material pond and recycle-water and dilutes, and in the pond that connects material, agitator is installed, and connects material ensureingRubbish in pond mixes, and changing food waste, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state from bottom, the pond row that connects materialGo out.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pulpous state rubbish of discharging from the bottom, pond that connects material enters hydrocycloneSeparating heavy material, isolated heavy substance is sent into landfill yard landfill after being discharged by sediment outflow pipeline after centralized collection,Remainder is transported to charging Buffer Pool and carries out heating pretreatment.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature anti-Answer and in device, carry out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; Residue after mesophilic digestion continues to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor,Further fermentation and biogas production;
By the biogas producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor and high temperature anaerobic reactor after simple purification, asThe fuel of methane boiler uses, after the natural pond slag after the fermentation of high temperature anaerobic reactor dewaters by centrifugal dehydrator, and dirtWater as recycle-water, is connected to by reuse water pipe the pond that connects material after sewage purification system, discarded for the kitchen of eatingThe charging dilution of thing;
Enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry required steam is by natural pondGas boiler provides, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel put in methane boiler and burn.
Utilize an anaerobic digestion process for high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in above-mentioned kitchen castoff, described inMethod specifically comprises the steps:
Step S1, changing food waste is poured into charger; Charger place is provided with delivery pump and rotary drum coarse rack,It is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, and this part large particulate matter will be passed through scum pipe after centralized collectionRoad is sent into landfill yard and is carried out landfill disposal after discharging; And size is less than the changing food waste of interval of grid strip through thick latticeGrid enter disintegrating machine; The interval of grid strip of rotary drum coarse rack is 60mm;
Step S2, changing food waste pulp after crusher in crushing and extruder extruding, then given by conveyance conduitPond and the recycle-water dilution that enters to connect material, is provided with agitator in the pond that connects material, and mixes all with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pondEven, changing food waste, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state and discharges from the bottom, pond that connects material; Kitchen castoff andRecycle-water dilution ratio by weight, is 1:8～1:10;
The pulpous state rubbish of step S3, discharge enters hydrocyclone separating heavy material, hydraulic detention time 50s;Isolated heavy substance is sent into landfill yard landfill after being discharged by sediment outflow pipeline after centralized collection, remainder is carriedCarry out heating pretreatment to charging Buffer Pool;
Step S4, the mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature reactor carries out anaerobism and send outFerment produces biogas; Anaeration in normal temperature reactor adopts complete hybrid cylindrical reactor CSTR, temperature controlling rangeBe 35～38 DEG C, charging TS concentration is 10%, and the reactor waterpower time of staying is 21 days, controlled fermentation pHValue is 7.5～8.5; For the heating of feed liquid in compensation heat loss and reactor, in reactor on two-way airflow pipeInternal heat EGR is installed, in order to keep treatment temperature at 36 DEG C;
Residue after step S5, mesophilic digestion continues to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, and further fermentation is rawProduce biogas; High temperature anaerobic reactor adopts up-flow sludge bed reactor UASB, and temperature controlling range is52～55 DEG C, charging TS concentration is 8%, charging organic loading: 4～5kgVS/m3D, controlled fermentation pHValue is 6.5～7.5; Wherein upflow velocity is controlled at 0.5m/h, for ensureing upflow velocity, anaeration in normal temperature is reactedThe biogas producing in device is filled with reactor bottom by compressor;
Step S6, by the biogas producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor and high temperature anaerobic reactor through purification after,Fuel as methane boiler uses, and the natural pond slag after the fermentation of high temperature anaerobic reactor dewaters by centrifugal dehydratorAfter, sewage as recycle-water, is used for the charging of kitchen castoff after sewage purification system by recycle-water pipeDilution; Sewage purification system adopts membrane bioreactor MBR, and membrane flux is controlled at 18L/ (m2h);
Step S7, enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry requiredSteam provided by methane boiler, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel put in methane boilerBurning; The required steam pressure of vacuum drier is 0.2MPa, dry rear material water ratio≤10%.
Utilize an anaerobic digestion process for high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in above-mentioned kitchen castoff, described sideMethod specifically comprises the steps:
Step S1, changing food waste is poured into charger; Charger place is provided with delivery pump and rotary drum coarse rack,It is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, and this part large particulate matter will be sent into landfill yard after centralized collectionCarry out landfill disposal; And the changing food waste that size is less than interval of grid strip enters disintegrating machine through coarse rack;
Step S2, changing food waste be pulp after crusher in crushing and extruder extruding, then send into connect material pond andRecycle-water dilution, is provided with agitator in the pond that connects material, and mixes meal kitchen rubbish with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pondRubbish, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state and discharges from the bottom, pond that connects material;
The pulpous state rubbish of step S3, discharge enters desander separating heavy material, and isolated heavy substance is concentratedAfter collection, send into landfill yard landfill, remainder is transported to charging Buffer Pool and carries out heating pretreatment.
Step S4, the mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature reactor carries out anaerobism and send outFerment produces biogas;
Step S5, residues is continued to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, further fermentation and biogas production;
The biogas that step S6, upper two steps produce, after purifying, uses as boiler oil, and high temperature anaerobic is anti-After answering natural pond slag after device fermentation to dewater by centrifugal dehydrator, sewage after sewage purification system as recycle-waterFor the dilution of step S2;
Step S7, enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry requiredSteam provided by the methane boiler in step S6, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel drop intoIn methane boiler, burn.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in described step S1, the interval of grid strip of rotary drum coarse rack is40～60mm; Kitchen castoff and recycle-water dilution ratio in described step S2, by weight: be 1:8～1:10;In described step S3, desander adopts spiral-flow type desanding device, hydraulic detention time 30～80s;
In described step S6, sewage purification system adopts membrane bioreactor MBR, and membrane flux is controlled at15～25L/(m2h)；
In described step S7, the required steam pressure of vacuum drier is 0.2MPa, dry rear material water ratio≤10％。
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in described step S4, anaeration in normal temperature reactor adopts completely mixedBox-like cylindrical reactor CSTR, temperature controlling range is 35～38 DEG C, charging TS concentration is 8%～12%,The reactor waterpower time of staying is 15～30 days, and controlled fermentation pH value is 7.5～8.5; For compensation heat loss andThe heating of feed liquid in reactor is provided with internal heat EGR in reactor on two-way airflow pipe, in order to protectHold treatment temperature at 34～38 DEG C;
In described step S5, high temperature anaerobic reactor adopts up-flow sludge bed reactor UASB, temperature controlScope is 52～55 DEG C, and charging TS concentration is 6%～10%, charging organic loading: 4～5kgVS/m3·d，Controlled fermentation pH value is 6.5～7.5; Wherein upflow velocity is controlled at 0.3～0.8m/h, for ensureing upflow velocity,The biogas that step S4 is produced is filled with reactor bottom by compressor.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in the kitchen castoff that the present invention proposesAnd anaerobic digestion process, can improve biogas yield, the stability of the operation of raising system simultaneously, is easy to resource profitWith, zero release of pollutant.
In utilization of the present invention, gentle high temperature and CSTR and UASB anaerobic fermentation technology combine, and device systems is steadyQualitative good, biogas yield is also higher. Single intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation technology biogas yield is lower, and system is more steadyFixed, although and high temperature anaerobic factor of created gase is increased, system is unstable relatively to be controlled, and needs disposable by materialBe heated to more than 50 DEG C. The anaerobic fermentation that in utilization, gentle high-temperature-phase combination and CSTR and UASB combineMethod, can make full use of the advantage of each side, mesophilic digestion is carried out after pretreatment again to hot fermentation, realExisting system stable operation obtains higher factor of created gase simultaneously.
The present invention is easy to realize recycling and the zero-emission of kitchen castoff. Kitchen castoff produces by fermentationRaw biogas uses as boiler oil after purifying; Natural pond slag after fermentation dewaters and vacuum by centrifugal dehydratorAfter dry, fuel is put in methane boiler and is burnt as a supplement; System sewage is done after sewage purification systemFor recycle-water is for the charging dilution of dinner cost discarded object; The steaming that the required thermal source of vacuum drying is manufactured by methane boilerStripping supplies. Therefore, whole system can be accomplished biogas, waste residue, sewage zero-discharge, and resource makes full use of.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of anaerobic digestion process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of anaerobic digestion equipment of the present invention.
Reference numeral is as follows:
1, charger, 2, feed pump, 3, conveyance conduit
4, rotary drum coarse rack, 5, disintegrating machine, 6, extruder
7, Residue extraction pipeline, 8, the pond that connects material, 9, hydrocyclone
10, sediment outflow pipeline, 11, charging Buffer Pool, 12, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank
13, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, 14, centrifugal dehydrator, 15, methane boiler
16, vacuum drier, 17, sewage purification system, 18, reuse water pipe
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment mono-
Refer to Fig. 2, the present invention has disclosed high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in a kind of kitchen castoff, described inEquipment comprises: charger 1, rotary drum coarse rack 4, disintegrating machine 5, extruder 6, pond 8, Swirling flow sand-removing connect materialDevice 9, charging Buffer Pool 11, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank 12, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank 13, centrifugal dehydrator 14,Sewage purification system 17, vacuum drier 16, methane boiler 15.
Described charger 1, rotary drum coarse rack 4, disintegrating machine 5, extruder 6, pond 8, hydrocyclone connect material9, charging Buffer Pool 11, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank 12, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank 13, centrifugal dehydrator 14,Sewage purification system 17 connects successively, and intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank 12, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank 13 connect respectivelyMethane boiler 15, centrifugal dehydrator 14 connects vacuum drier 16, and vacuum drier 16 connects methane boiler15; Sewage purification system 17 pond 8 that connects material, sewage after sewage purification system 17 as recycle-water,By reuse water pipe 18 pond 8 that connects material, for the charging dilution of kitchen castoff.
Described charger 1 is for receiving changing food waste; Charger 1 place is provided with delivery pump 2 and rotary drum coarse rack4, the interval of grid strip of rotary drum coarse rack 4 is 60mm; It is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, this partLarge particulate matter will be sent into landfill yard and is carried out landfill disposal after being discharged by Residue extraction pipeline after centralized collection; AndThe changing food waste that size is less than interval of grid strip enters disintegrating machine through coarse rack.
Changing food waste is pulp after crusher in crushing 5 and extruder 6 extruding, is sent into and is connected material by conveyance conduit 3Pond 8, dilutes by recycle-water, in the pond that connects material, agitator is installed, and mixes all with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pondEven, changing food waste, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state and discharges from the bottom, pond that connects material; Kitchen castoff andRecycle-water dilution ratio by weight, is 1:8～1:10.
The pulpous state rubbish of discharging enters hydrocyclone separating heavy material, hydraulic detention time 50s; IsolatedHeavy substance is sent into landfill yard landfill after being discharged by sediment outflow pipeline after centralized collection, it is slow that remainder is transported to chargingRush pond and carry out heating pretreatment.
Mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature reactor and carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation;Anaeration in normal temperature reactor adopts complete hybrid cylindrical reactor CSTR, and temperature controlling range is 35～38 DEG C,Charging TS concentration is 10%, and the reactor waterpower time of staying is 21 days, and controlled fermentation pH value is 7.5～8.5;For the heating of feed liquid in compensation heat loss and reactor, in reactor, on two-way airflow pipe, internal heat is installed and followsLoop device, in order to keep treatment temperature at 36 DEG C.
Residue after mesophilic digestion continues to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, further fermentation and biogas production; HighTemperature anaerobic reactor adopts up-flow sludge bed reactor UASB, and temperature controlling range is 52～55 DEG C, chargingTS concentration is 8%, charging organic loading: 4～5kgVS/m3D, controlled fermentation pH value is 6.5～7.5;Wherein upflow velocity is controlled at 0.5m/h, for ensureing upflow velocity, by the natural pond producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactorGas is filled with reactor bottom by compressor.
By the biogas producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor and high temperature anaerobic reactor after simple purification, asThe fuel of methane boiler uses, after the natural pond slag after the fermentation of high temperature anaerobic reactor dewaters by centrifugal dehydrator, and dirtWater as recycle-water, is connected to by reuse water pipe the pond that connects material after sewage purification system, discarded for the kitchen of eatingThe charging dilution of thing; Sewage purification system adopts membrane bioreactor MBR, and membrane flux is controlled at 18L/ (m2h).
Enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry required steam is by natural pondGas boiler provides, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel put in methane boiler and burn; VacuumThe required steam pressure of drying machine is 0.2MPa, dry rear material water ratio≤10%.
The present invention also discloses a kind of anaerobism of utilizing high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in above-mentioned kitchen castoffDigestion method, refers to Fig. 1, and described method specifically comprises the steps:
Changing food waste is poured into charger by [step S1]; Charger place is provided with delivery pump and the thick lattice of rotary drumGrid, it is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, this part large particulate matter will by after centralized collection by rowSlag pipeline is sent into landfill yard and is carried out landfill disposal after discharging; And being less than the changing food waste of interval of grid strip, size passesCoarse rack enters disintegrating machine; The interval of grid strip of rotary drum coarse rack is 60mm (can be also 50～70mm);
[step S2] changing food waste is pulp after crusher in crushing and extruder extruding, then by conveyance conduitSend into connect material pond and recycle-water dilution, in the pond that connects material, agitator is installed, mix with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pondEvenly, changing food waste, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state and discharges from the bottom, pond that connects material; Kitchen castoffWith recycle-water dilution ratio, by weight, be 1:8～1:10;
The pulpous state rubbish that [step S3] discharges enters hydrocyclone separating heavy material, hydraulic detention time 50s(can be also other times); Isolated heavy substance is sent into and is filled out after centralized collection after being discharged by sediment outflow pipelineBury a landfill, remainder is transported to charging Buffer Pool and carries out heating pretreatment;
[step S4] is placed in anaeration in normal temperature reactor by the mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment and carries out anaerobismFermentation methane production; Anaeration in normal temperature reactor adopts complete hybrid cylindrical reactor CSTR, temperature control modelEnclosing is 35～38 DEG C, and charging TS concentration is (as being 8%～12%) in 10% left and right, and reactor waterpower stopsTime is 21 days, and controlled fermentation pH value is 7.5～8.5; For the heating of feed liquid in compensation heat loss and reactor,Internal heat EGR is installed in reactor, in order to keep treatment temperature on 36 DEG C of left sides on two-way airflow pipeRight (as being 34～38 DEG C).
Residue after [step S5] mesophilic digestion continues to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, further fermentationProduce biogas; High temperature anaerobic reactor adopts up-flow sludge bed reactor UASB, and temperature controlling range is52～55 DEG C, charging TS concentration is (as being 6%～10%) in 8% left and right, charging organic loading: 4～5kgVS/m3D, controlled fermentation pH value is 6.5～7.5; Wherein upflow velocity is controlled at 0.5m/h, on ensureingUp-flow speed, is filled with reactor bottom by the biogas producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor by compressor;
[step S6] purifies the biogas process producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor and high temperature anaerobic reactorAfter, using as the fuel of methane boiler, the natural pond slag after the fermentation of high temperature anaerobic reactor takes off by centrifugal dehydratorAfter water, sewage as recycle-water, is used for entering of kitchen castoff by recycle-water pipe after sewage purification systemMaterial dilution; Sewage purification system adopts membrane bioreactor MBR, and membrane flux is controlled at 18L/ (m2h);
[step S7] enters vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carries out vacuum drying, dry instituteNeed steam provided by methane boiler, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel put into methane boilerMiddle burning; The required steam pressure of vacuum drier is 0.2MPa, dry rear material water ratio≤10%.
Embodiment bis-
High temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in a kind of kitchen castoff, described equipment comprises: charger, rotary drum are thickGrid, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, charging Buffer Pool, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank,High-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification system, vacuum drier, methane boiler.
Described charger, rotary drum coarse rack, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, charging are delayedRush pond, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification system and connect successively,Intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank connect respectively methane boiler, and centrifugal dehydrator connects vacuum dryingMachine, vacuum drier connects methane boiler; The sewage purification system pond that connects material, sewage is through sewage purification systemAfter system as recycle-water, by the reuse water pipe pond that connects material, for the charging dilution of kitchen castoff.
In sum, high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment and anaerobic digestion side in the kitchen castoff that the present invention proposesMethod, can improve biogas yield, and the stability of the operation of raising system simultaneously, is easy to recycling, pollutant zeroDischarge.
Here description of the invention and application is illustrative, not wants scope of the present invention to be limited in above-mentioned realityExecute in example. Here the distortion of disclosed embodiment and change is possible, for the common skill of those this areasThe various parts of the replacement of art personnel embodiment and equivalence are known. Those skilled in the art should be clear, in the situation that not departing from spirit of the present invention or substantive characteristics, the present invention can be with other form, knotStructure, layout, ratio, and realize with other assembly, material and parts. Do not depart from the scope of the invention andIn the situation of spirit, can carry out other distortion and change to disclosed embodiment here.

Claims (10)

1. a high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in kitchen castoff, is characterized in that, described equipment comprises: enterMaterial machine, rotary drum coarse rack, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, charging Buffer Pool,Intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification system, vacuum dryingMachine, methane boiler;
Described charger, rotary drum coarse rack, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, enterMaterial Buffer Pool, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification systemConnect successively, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank connect respectively methane boiler, centrifugal dehydrationMachine connects vacuum drier, and vacuum drier connects methane boiler; The sewage purification system pond that connects material,Sewage after sewage purification system as recycle-water, by the reuse water pipe pond that connects material, for the kitchen of eatingThe charging dilution of discarded object;
Described charger is used for receiving changing food waste; Charger place is provided with delivery pump and rotary drum coarse rack,The interval of grid strip of rotary drum coarse rack is 60mm; It is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, and this part is largeParticulate matter will be sent into landfill yard and is carried out landfill disposal after being discharged by Residue extraction pipeline after centralized collection;And the changing food waste that size is less than interval of grid strip enters disintegrating machine through coarse rack;
Changing food waste is pulp after crusher in crushing and extruder extruding, sends into by conveyance conduit the pond that connects materialWith recycle-water dilution, in the pond that connects material, agitator is installed, mix with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pond,Changing food waste, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state and discharges from the bottom, pond that connects material; Kitchen castoff andRecycle-water dilution ratio by weight, is 1:8～1:10;
The pulpous state rubbish of discharging enters hydrocyclone separating heavy material, hydraulic detention time 50s; SeparateThe heavy substance going out is sent into landfill yard landfill after being discharged by sediment outflow pipeline after centralized collection, remainder is carriedCarry out heating pretreatment to charging Buffer Pool;
Mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature reactor and carries out anaerobic fermentation product natural pondGas; Anaeration in normal temperature reactor adopts complete hybrid cylindrical reactor CSTR, and temperature controlling range is35～38 DEG C, charging total solids content TS concentration is 10%, and the reactor waterpower time of staying is 21 days, controlSystem fermentation pH value is 7.5～8.5; For the heating of feed liquid in compensation heat loss and anaeration in normal temperature reactor,In anaeration in normal temperature reactor, on two-way airflow pipe, internal heat EGR is installed, in order to keep treatment temperatureAt 36 DEG C;
Residue after mesophilic digestion continues to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, further fermentation and biogas production;High temperature anaerobic reactor adopts up-flow sludge bed reactor UASB, and temperature controlling range is 52～55 DEG C,Charging total solids content TS concentration is 8%, charging organic loading: 4～5kgVS/m3D, controlled fermentationPH value is 6.5～7.5; Wherein upflow velocity is controlled at 0.5m/h, for ensureing upflow velocity, middle temperature is detestedThe biogas producing in oxygen reactor is filled with high temperature anaerobic reactor bottom by compressor;
By the biogas producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor and high temperature anaerobic reactor after simple purification,Fuel as methane boiler uses, and the natural pond slag after the fermentation of high temperature anaerobic reactor takes off by centrifugal dehydratorAfter water, sewage as recycle-water, is connected to by reuse water pipe the pond that connects material after sewage purification system,For the charging dilution of kitchen castoff; Sewage purification system adopts membrane bioreactor MBR, membrane fluxBe controlled at 18L/ (m2h);
Enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry required steamProvided by methane boiler, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel put in methane boiler and fireBurn; The required steam pressure of vacuum drier is 0.2MPa, dry rear material water ratio≤10%.
2. a high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in kitchen castoff, is characterized in that, described equipment comprises: enterMaterial machine, rotary drum coarse rack, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, charging Buffer Pool,Intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification system, vacuum dryingMachine, methane boiler;
Described charger, rotary drum coarse rack, disintegrating machine, extruder, the pond that connects material, hydrocyclone, enterMaterial Buffer Pool, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, centrifugal dehydrator, sewage purification systemConnect successively, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation tank, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank connect respectively methane boiler, centrifugal dehydrationMachine connects vacuum drier, and vacuum drier connects methane boiler; The sewage purification system pond that connects material,Sewage after sewage purification system as recycle-water, by the reuse water pipe pond that connects material, for the kitchen of eatingThe charging dilution of discarded object.
3. high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in kitchen castoff according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described charger is used for receiving changing food waste; Charger place is provided with delivery pump and rotary drum coarse rack,It is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, this part large particulate matter will by after centralized collection by rowSlag pipeline is sent into landfill yard and is carried out landfill disposal after discharging; And size is less than the changing food waste of interval of grid stripEnter disintegrating machine through coarse rack.
4. high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in kitchen castoff according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Changing food waste is pulp after crusher in crushing and extruder extruding, sends into by conveyance conduit the pond that connects materialWith recycle-water dilution, in the pond that connects material, agitator is installed, mix with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pond,Changing food waste, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state and discharges from the bottom, pond that connects material.
5. high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in kitchen castoff according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
The pulpous state rubbish of discharging from the bottom, pond that connects material enters hydrocyclone separating heavy material, isolated heavyMaterial is sent into landfill yard landfill after being discharged by sediment outflow pipeline after centralized collection, remainder is transported to chargingBuffer Pool carries out heating pretreatment.
6. high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in kitchen castoff according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature reactor and carries out anaerobic fermentation product natural pondGas; Residue after mesophilic digestion continues to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, further fermentation and biogas production;
By the biogas producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor and high temperature anaerobic reactor after simple purification,Fuel as methane boiler uses, and the natural pond slag after the fermentation of high temperature anaerobic reactor takes off by centrifugal dehydratorAfter water, sewage as recycle-water, is connected to by reuse water pipe the pond that connects material after sewage purification system,For the charging dilution of kitchen castoff;
Enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry required steamProvided by methane boiler, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel put in methane boiler and fireBurn.
7. the anaerobic digestion of high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in the kitchen castoff utilizing described in claim 1Method, is characterized in that, described method specifically comprises the steps:
Step S1, changing food waste is poured into charger; Charger place is provided with delivery pump and the thick lattice of rotary drumGrid, it is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, and this part large particulate matter will be by logical after centralized collectionCross after Residue extraction pipeline discharge, send into landfill yard and carry out landfill disposal; And size is less than the meal kitchen of interval of grid stripRubbish enters disintegrating machine through coarse rack; The interval of grid strip of rotary drum coarse rack is 60mm;
Step S2, changing food waste pulp after crusher in crushing and extruder extruding, then by conveyance conduitSend into connect material pond and recycle-water dilution, in the pond that connects material, agitator is installed, with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pondMix, changing food waste, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state and discharges from the bottom, pond that connects material; MealKitchen discarded object and recycle-water dilution ratio by weight, are 1:8～1:10;
The pulpous state rubbish of step S3, discharge enters hydrocyclone separating heavy material, hydraulic detention time50s; Isolated heavy substance is sent into landfill yard landfill after being discharged by sediment outflow pipeline after centralized collection, all the otherPart is transported to charging Buffer Pool and carries out heating pretreatment;
Step S4, the mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature reactor carries out anaerobismFermentation methane production; Anaeration in normal temperature reactor adopts complete hybrid cylindrical reactor CSTR, temperature controlScope is 35～38 DEG C, and charging total solids content TS concentration is 10%, and the reactor waterpower time of staying is 21My god, controlled fermentation pH value is 7.5～8.5; For the heating of feed liquid in compensation heat loss and reactor, insteadAnswer in device, on two-way airflow pipe, internal heat EGR is installed, in order to keep treatment temperature at 36 DEG C;
Residue after step S5, mesophilic digestion continues to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, further fermentationProduce biogas; High temperature anaerobic reactor adopts up-flow sludge bed reactor UASB, and temperature controlling range is52～55 DEG C, charging total solids content TS concentration is 8%, charging organic loading: 4～5kgVS/m3·d，Controlled fermentation pH value is 6.5～7.5; Wherein upflow velocity is controlled at 0.5m/h, for ensureing upflow velocity,The biogas producing in anaeration in normal temperature reactor is filled with to reactor bottom by compressor;
Step S6, by the biogas that produces in anaeration in normal temperature reactor and high temperature anaerobic reactor through purifyingAfter, using as the fuel of methane boiler, the natural pond slag after the fermentation of high temperature anaerobic reactor is by centrifugal dehydrationAfter machine dehydration, sewage after sewage purification system as recycle-water, useless by the recycle-water pipe kitchen that is used for eatingThe charging dilution of gurry; Sewage purification system adopts membrane bioreactor MBR, and membrane flux is controlled at18L/(m2h)；
Step S7, enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry instituteNeed steam provided by methane boiler, and through dried over dry mud as a supplement fuel put into biogasIn boiler, burn; The required steam pressure of vacuum drier is 0.2MPa, dry rear material water ratio≤10%.
8. one kind is utilized detesting of high temperature combined anaerobic digestion equipment in the described kitchen castoff of one of claim 2 to 6Oxygen digestion method, is characterized in that, described method specifically comprises the steps:
Step S1, changing food waste is poured into charger; Charger place is provided with delivery pump and the thick lattice of rotary drumGrid, it is separated that size is greater than the component of interval of grid strip, and this part large particulate matter will be sent after centralized collectionEnter landfill yard and carry out landfill disposal; And the changing food waste that size is less than interval of grid strip enters brokenly through coarse rackBroken machine;
Step S2, changing food waste pulp after crusher in crushing and extruder extruding, then send into the pond that connects materialWith recycle-water dilution, in the pond that connects material, agitator is installed, mix with the rubbish that ensures to connect material in pond,Changing food waste, after connecting material and being uniformly mixed in pond, is pulpous state and discharges from the bottom, pond that connects material;
The pulpous state rubbish of step S3, discharge enters desander separating heavy material, and isolated heavy substance is collectedAfter middle collection, send into landfill yard landfill, remainder is transported to charging Buffer Pool and carries out heating pretreatment.
Step S4, the mixture after above-mentioned heating pretreatment is placed in to anaeration in normal temperature reactor carries out anaerobismFermentation methane production;
Step S5, residues is continued to enter in high temperature anaerobic reactor, further fermenting and producing natural pondGas;
The biogas that step S6, upper two steps produce, after purifying, uses high temperature anaerobic as boiler oilAfter natural pond slag after reactor fermentation dewaters by centrifugal dehydrator, sewage is conduct after sewage purification systemRecycle-water is for the dilution of step S2;
Step S7, enter vacuum drier by the mud cake after centrifugal dehydration and carry out vacuum drying, dry instituteThe steam needing is provided by the methane boiler in step S6, and through dried over dry mud fuel as a supplementPut in methane boiler and burn.
9. anaerobic digestion process according to claim 7, is characterized in that:
In described step S1, the interval of grid strip of rotary drum coarse rack is 40～60mm; Described step S2 Chinese meal kitchenDiscarded object and recycle-water dilution ratio, by weight: be 1:8～1:10; Desander in described step S3Adopt spiral-flow type desanding device, hydraulic detention time 30～80s;
In described step S6, sewage purification system adopts membrane bioreactor MBR, and membrane flux is controlled at15～25L/(m2h)；
In described step S7, the required steam pressure of vacuum drier is 0.2MPa, and dry rear material is moistureRate≤10%.
10. anaerobic digestion process according to claim 7, is characterized in that:
In described step S4, anaeration in normal temperature reactor adopts complete hybrid cylindrical reactor CSTR,Temperature controlling range is 35～38 DEG C, and charging total solids content TS concentration is 8%～12%, reactor waterpowerThe time of staying is 15～30 days, and controlled fermentation pH value is 7.5～8.5; In compensation heat loss and reactorThe heating of feed liquid is provided with internal heat EGR, in order to maintenance place in reactor on two-way airflow pipeReason temperature is at 34～38 DEG C;
In described step S5, high temperature anaerobic reactor adopts up-flow sludge bed reactor UASB, temperatureControl range is 52～55 DEG C, and charging total solids content TS concentration is 6%～10%, charging organic loading: 4～5kgVS/m3D, controlled fermentation pH value is 6.5～7.5; Wherein upflow velocity is controlled at 0.3～0.8m/h,For ensureing upflow velocity, the biogas that step S4 is produced is filled with reactor bottom by compressor.
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