CN115876646A - Gas dangerous chemical leakage fire behavior characteristic simulation experiment device - Google Patents
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- CN115876646A CN115876646A CN202211662669.8A CN202211662669A CN115876646A CN 115876646 A CN115876646 A CN 115876646A CN 202211662669 A CN202211662669 A CN 202211662669A CN 115876646 A CN115876646 A CN 115876646A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas dangerous chemical leakage fire behavior characteristic simulation experiment device, which comprises an environment simulation system, a plurality of multipoint leakage assemblies and a measurement monitoring system, wherein the environment simulation system comprises a plurality of monitoring units; the environment simulation system comprises a tunnel structure, wherein a variable frequency fan and an environment air supply assembly are arranged in the tunnel structure; the multi-point leakage assembly comprises a rotary chassis, a supporting frame is arranged at the top end of the rotary chassis, a plurality of linking blocks are fixedly connected onto the supporting frame, a single leakage assembly is arranged on each linking block, the plurality of single leakage assemblies are all arranged corresponding to the other end of the tunnel structure, and a flow field tracing system is communicated with each single leakage assembly; the environment wind supply assembly, the monomer leakage assemblies and the flow field tracing system are all arranged corresponding to the measurement monitoring system. The method provided by the invention can simulate the behavior and evolution characteristics of the gas dangerous chemical leakage fire more truly, and plays an important role in establishing a fire development prediction model and formulating an effective control and reduction method and a personnel evacuation and fire prevention and control plan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire safety, in particular to a gas dangerous chemical leakage fire behavior characteristic simulation experiment device.
Background
Along with the continuous perfection of a chemical industrial system, the production scale of chemicals and the quantity demand of storage and transportation equipment are greatly improved, and the production, transportation, storage and environmental costs of the chemicals are greatly reduced due to the perfect matching industry and the tight connection between upstream and downstream industries in a chemical industry park, so that the quantity of the chemical industry park is greatly increased. Meanwhile, a large amount of dangerous chemicals such as inflammable, explosive and toxic exist in the chemical industry park, and huge potential safety hazards are brought to the safety of surrounding buildings and personnel. The gas hazardous chemical substance leakage fire evolution behavior of the chemical industry gathering areas becomes very complex under the influence of external environment wind. Therefore, the development of the research on the evolution of the fire disaster caused by the multi-point leakage of the gas dangerous chemicals under the action of the environmental wind has important practical significance.
In an actual fire scene, environmental wind speed, wind direction, environmental wind temperature and humidity, different leakage point shapes, sizes, leakage rates, leakage source movement modes and the like all have important influences on gas hazardous chemical substance leakage fire. However, the difficulty of carrying out full-scale real fire experiments on the boundary is high, the experimental process is difficult to control, the risk is high, a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are consumed, and the acquisition of characteristic parameters in the experimental process is also difficult. In recent years, through a decoupling concept, scholars at home and abroad assume a gas transmission pipeline leakage fire disaster under the action of ambient wind as a complex diffusion combustion process (simulating a single leakage point through a combustion device) of a gas combustible substance (propane, methane, natural gas and the like) fire disaster, but less consider different ambient wind directions, ambient wind temperature and humidity, a leakage source motion mode, dynamic evolution of leakage rate along with time and flame interaction behaviors of different fuels at multiple fire points. Therefore, a reduced-size experimental model closer to the actual situation is built, and a good choice is made for researching the multi-point leakage fire evolution law of the gas dangerous chemicals in the chemical accumulation area, so that the fire can be effectively predicted and prevented from being expanded.
Chinese patent CN109682924A discloses a test device and a test method for forming jet fire by leakage ignition of a high-pressure gas pipeline, which can be used for researching the complex dynamic process of forming jet fire by leakage ignition of a high-pressure gas pipeline under complex conditions (including the shape and size of a leakage port, the angle of the leakage port, the pipe diameter, the pressure and the flow of the pipeline, obstacles outside the leakage port, the ambient wind speed, the ambient wind direction, the ambient wind temperature and humidity, and the like), but the device does not consider the characteristics of the ambient wind temperature and humidity, and can not complete the simulation of a multi-point leakage fire scene of different fuels, and parameters such as the flame shape, the leakage flow field, the ambient temperature, the radiant heat flux, and the like are obviously different from those of a single-source fire scene under the interaction of a plurality of different fuels and flames of heat release power of a fire source.
Therefore, there is a need for a behavior characteristic simulation experiment device for gas dangerous chemicals leaking fires, which is used to solve the above problems and realize the evolution law and physical mechanism of single-point/multi-point fire interaction under the boundary condition of complex environment in different gas dangerous chemicals leaking states in chemical industrial parks, offshore drilling platforms and other scenes by establishing related fire simulation experiment devices.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a behavior characteristic simulation experiment device for a gas dangerous chemical leakage fire disaster, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a gas dangerous chemical leakage fire behavior characteristic simulation experiment device, which comprises an environment simulation system, a plurality of multipoint leakage assemblies and a measurement monitoring system, wherein the environment simulation system comprises a plurality of monitoring units;
the environment simulation system comprises a tunnel structure, wherein one end of the tunnel structure is provided with a variable frequency fan, and an environment air supply assembly is arranged in the tunnel structure;
the multi-point leakage assembly comprises a rotary chassis, a supporting frame is arranged at the top end of the rotary chassis, a plurality of linking blocks are fixedly connected to the supporting frame along the axial direction, a single leakage assembly is arranged on each linking block, the plurality of single leakage assemblies are all arranged corresponding to the other end of the tunnel structure, and a flow field tracing system is communicated with each single leakage assembly;
the environment air supply assembly, the monomer leakage assemblies and the flow field tracing system are all arranged corresponding to the measurement monitoring system.
Preferably, the environment wind supply assembly comprises an array honeycombed flow stabilizing pipe and a humidity temperature adjusting system which are fixedly connected in the tunnel structure, the array honeycombed flow stabilizing pipe is located between the frequency conversion fan and the humidity temperature adjusting system, and one side of the frequency conversion fan, which is far away from the tunnel structure, is fixedly connected with a waterproof wind speed measuring system.
Preferably, the monomer leakage assembly comprises a cylindrical connecting rod with one end rotatably connected to the side wall of the link block, the other end of the cylindrical connecting rod is fixedly connected with a rectifying section, a threaded hole is formed in the side wall of the rectifying section, one end of a combustion device is connected to the threaded hole in a threaded manner, the combustion device is perpendicular to the cylindrical connecting rod, the other end of the combustion device corresponds to the tunnel structure, one end of an air inlet pipeline is fixedly communicated with the rectifying section, and the other end of the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the flow field tracing system.
Preferably, flow field tracer system includes metal drum and laser sheet light source, small-size fan is installed to the inside bottom of metal drum, the inside top fixedly connected with metal mesh in metal drum, metal drum top fixedly connected with transparent ya keli drum, the inside spike particle that is provided with of transparent ya keli drum, laser sheet light source with the spike particle corresponds the setting, transparent yakeli drum top middle part with the fixed intercommunication of the other end of air inlet pipeline, metal drum has flow control system through the fixed intercommunication of pipeline.
Preferably, a slide way is arranged at the top end of the rotating chassis, the bottom end of the supporting frame is connected with the slide way in a sliding manner, a micro motor is fixedly connected to the linking block, one end of the cylindrical connecting rod penetrates through the linking block and is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the micro motor, the micro motor is electrically connected with a displacement control system, and the displacement control system is electrically connected with the rotating chassis.
Preferably, a 360-degree rotating dial is arranged on the rotating chassis.
Preferably, the gaseous hazardous chemical is a combustible gaseous material, and is one or more of methane, hydrogen, ethylene, propane, liquefied petroleum gas or acetylene.
Preferably, the tunnel structure is four-side light-permeable antifogging high-temperature-resistant glass.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. in the aspect of simulating the evolution behavior of the leakage diffusion fire of the gas hazardous chemical at a single leakage point, a monomer leakage assembly is placed at the outlet of a tunnel structure, the sizes of different leakage sources, leakage angles and the movement modes of the leakage sources are changed by replacing the monomer leakage assembly (such as a circular leakage point, a rectangular leakage point, a trapezoidal leakage point or a triangular leakage point and the like), the mass flow rate of the leakage points is controlled by setting programs such as the square development of the heat release power of the fire source at the initial stage of fire development along with time, the nonlinear evolution of the leakage speed along with time and the like, an environment simulation system is started, the environment wind supply assembly is used, the rotary chassis is used for setting the angles of different environment wind and monomer leakage assemblies, and the evolution behavior of the leakage diffusion fire of the typical gas hazardous chemical under the conditions of different environment wind directions, wind speeds and environment wind temperatures and humidity is simulated.
2. In the aspect of simulating multi-fire point leakage diffusion fire evolution behaviors of multi-point leakage gas dangerous chemicals in a chemical industry gathering area, corresponding single leakage component characteristics can be designed according to actual scenes such as characteristics of various fuels and different leakage speeds of a chemical industry park, the number and the arrangement mode of the single leakage component characteristics are controlled to simulate leakage points in different combination forms in the real scene, a variable frequency fan is started, and the multi-fire point leakage diffusion fire evolution behaviors of the multi-point leakage gas dangerous chemicals in the chemical industry gathering area under different environmental wind directions, wind speeds and temperature and humidity conditions are simulated by controlling the angles of environmental wind and the single leakage component.
3. In the aspect of flame flow field measurement, tracing particles with good followability are added into typical gas hazardous chemical substances through a flow field tracing system, so that the mass flow of gas can be continuously adjusted, and the real-time dynamic capture of the flame and smoke characteristic flow fields of various typical gas hazardous chemical substance leakage fires is realized.
4. The invention is a set of multi-functional comprehensive fire simulation experiment table that collects the environment condition and leakage condition to be changeable, the experimental parameter is controllable, the experimental process can be stopped at any time, the measured parameter is abundant; the experiment table can solve the problems that a large amount of manpower and material resources need to be coordinated, economic consumption is high, conditions are difficult to control, parameters are difficult to measure, the risk is high and the like when a full-size chemical industry gathering area gas hazardous chemical substance leakage fire experiment is carried out, and can relatively save cost and obtain experiment parameters with high accuracy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a multi-point leak assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a one-piece leak assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flow field tracing system according to the present invention;
wherein, 1, tunnel structure; 2. a variable frequency fan; 3. rotating the chassis; 4. a support frame; 5. a linking block; 6. array honeycomb-shaped flow stabilizing tubes; 7. a humidity temperature adjustment system; 8. a waterproof wind speed measurement system; 9. a cylindrical connecting rod; 10. a rectifying section; 11. a combustion device; 12. an air intake line; 13. a metal cylinder; 14. a small fan; 15. a metal mesh; 16. a transparent acrylic cylinder; 17. tracing particles; 18. a flow control system; 19. a laser sheet light source; 20. a slideway; 21. a micro motor; 22. a displacement control system; 23. the dial is rotated 360 degrees.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides a gas dangerous chemical leakage fire behavior characteristic simulation experiment device, which comprises an environment simulation system, a plurality of multipoint leakage assemblies and a measurement monitoring system, wherein the environment simulation system comprises a plurality of monitoring units;
the environment simulation system comprises a tunnel structure 1, wherein one end of the tunnel structure 1 is provided with a variable frequency fan 2, and an environment air supply assembly is arranged in the tunnel structure 1;
the multipoint leakage assembly comprises a rotary chassis 3, a supporting frame 4 is arranged at the top end of the rotary chassis 3, a plurality of link blocks 5 are fixedly connected to the supporting frame 4 along the axial direction, a single leakage assembly is arranged on each link block 5, the plurality of single leakage assemblies are all arranged corresponding to the other end of the tunnel structure 1, and a flow field tracing system is communicated with each single leakage assembly;
the environment air supply assembly, the monomer leakage assemblies and the flow field tracing system are all arranged corresponding to the measurement monitoring system.
Further optimize the scheme, the subassembly is supplied with to the environment wind includes array honeycombed flow stabilizing pipe 6 and the wet temperature governing system 7 of fixed connection in tunnel structure 1, and array honeycombed flow stabilizing pipe 6 is located between frequency conversion fan 2 and the wet temperature governing system 7, keeps away from one side fixedly connected with waterproof wind speed measurement system 8 of frequency conversion fan 2 in tunnel structure 1.
External environment wind is generated by the variable frequency fan 2, the environment wind speed and the temperature and humidity thereof can be adjusted, the environment wind flows through the array honeycomb-shaped flow stabilizing pipe 6 and flows out from the outlet of the tunnel structure 1, the humidity and temperature adjusting system 7 controls the environment temperature and the humidity in the tunnel structure 1, the high-temperature-resistant waterproof wind speed measuring system 8 is used for calibrating the wind speed and the temperature and humidity, and the environment wind with stable wind speed and temperature and humidity is provided for the multi-point leakage assembly.
Further optimization scheme, the subassembly is revealed to monomer includes that one end swivelling joint connects the cylindrical connecting rod 9 on 5 lateral walls of chain joint piece, cylindrical connecting rod 9's the other end fixedly connected with rectification section 10, set up threaded hole on the rectification section 10 lateral wall, threaded hole female connection has the one end of burner 11, burner 11 sets up with cylindrical connecting rod 9 is perpendicular, the burner 11 other end corresponds the setting with tunnel structure 1, the fixed intercommunication has the one end of air inlet pipeline 12 on the rectification section 10, the other end and the flow field tracer system intercommunication of air inlet pipeline 12.
Further optimize the scheme, the flow field tracer system includes metal drum 13 and laser piece light source 19, small-size fan 14 is installed to the inside bottom of metal drum 13, the inside top fixedly connected with metal mesh 15 of metal drum 13, the transparent ya keli drum 16 of 13 top fixedly connected with of metal drum, the inside spike particle 17 that is provided with of transparent ya keli drum 16, laser piece light source 19 corresponds the setting with spike particle 17, transparent ya keli drum 16 top middle part and the fixed intercommunication of the other end of air inlet pipe 12, metal drum 13 has flow control system 18 through the fixed intercommunication of pipeline.
Further optimize the scheme, the top of the rotating chassis 3 is provided with a slideway 20, the bottom of the supporting frame 4 is connected with the slideway 20 in a sliding manner, the linking block 5 is fixedly connected with a micro motor 21, one end of the cylindrical connecting rod 9 penetrates through the linking block 5 and is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the micro motor 21, the micro motor 21 is electrically connected with a displacement control system 22, and the displacement control system 22 is electrically connected with the rotating chassis 3.
The slide 20 is cross slide, braced frame 4 can move at slide 20 and carry out position control, displacement control system 22 passes through wire and micro motor 21 and rotatory chassis 3 electric connection, it rotates to drive the rotation of rotation chassis 3 through displacement control system 22 control micro motor 21, realize that burner 11 is rotating at 360 degrees with the ground parallel plane, it drives to control micro motor 21 to rotate through displacement control system 22, micro motor 21 drives cylindrical connecting rod 9 and rotates, can drive burner 11 simultaneously and carry out the uniform velocity rotation, the motion such as rotation with higher speed, can be used to research the flame behavior characteristic under the different motion modes of offshore drilling platform torch arm.
In a further optimized scheme, a 360-degree rotating dial 23 is arranged on the rotating chassis 3.
The 360 degree rotation dial 23 facilitates recording the rotation angle of the rotating chassis 3.
In a further optimization scheme, the gas dangerous chemical is a combustible gas material and is one or a mixture of more of methane, hydrogen, ethylene, propane, liquefied petroleum gas or acetylene.
Each pipeline gas can be independently arranged, and the method can be used for researching the fire diffusion combustion behavior characteristics under the leakage interaction of different gas dangerous chemicals.
According to a further optimized scheme, the tunnel structure 1 is made of four-side light-permeable anti-fog high-temperature-resistant glass.
The four-side light-permeable antifogging high-temperature-resistant glass is convenient for stably observing each internal system.
The invention provides a gas dangerous chemical leakage fire behavior characteristic simulation experiment device, which can establish a corresponding experiment device based on a fire scene of an offshore drilling platform in the technical background during use, study flame behavior evolution of gas dangerous chemical tail gas combustion treatment of the offshore drilling platform under the action of environmental wind, start a mass flowmeter and a gas cylinder for gas supply, simulate flare heat treatment of the offshore drilling platform, start a variable frequency fan 2 and a wet temperature adjusting system 7, set a program for adjusting the mass flow rate of a flow control system 18, start a corresponding laser sheet light source 19 to capture a flare flame flow field and a flame form of the offshore drilling platform, change the angle and the fire source motion mode of a combustion device 11 by controlling a rotary chassis 3 and a cylindrical connecting rod 9, change the shape and the size of the combustion device 11 and the leakage rate thereof, simulate different fire scenes of the offshore drilling platform, obtain a non-dimensional flame behavior model under the action of different variable states, and find different variable values required by practical practice.
Based on the fire scene in the technical background, corresponding experimental devices can be established to research the single-point or multi-point fire condition in the chemical industry gathering area under the action of environmental wind, the sizes and the shapes of the leakage points of the monomer leakage assemblies in the experiment and the angle adjustment mode of the combustion device 11 are the same as the above, the condition that the heat release power of the fire source of each monomer leakage assembly changes along with time can be changed through the flow control system 18, the actual fire scene can be simulated through the combined assembly of the plurality of monomer leakage devices, the environment simulation system is started, the corresponding laser sheet light source 19 is started, and the flow field characteristics of the fire flame flow field, the shape, the temperature and the radiation distribution and the smoke gas in different scenes in the chemical industry gathering area are measured.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A fire behavior characteristic simulation experiment device for gas dangerous chemical leakage is characterized by comprising an environment simulation system, a plurality of multipoint leakage assemblies and a measurement monitoring system;
the environment simulation system comprises a tunnel structure (1), wherein a variable frequency fan (2) is installed at one end of the tunnel structure (1), and an environment air supply assembly is arranged in the tunnel structure (1);
the multi-point leakage assembly comprises a rotary chassis (3), a supporting frame (4) is arranged at the top end of the rotary chassis (3), a plurality of linking blocks (5) are fixedly connected to the supporting frame (4) along the axial direction, a single leakage assembly is arranged on each linking block (5), the single leakage assemblies are all arranged corresponding to the other end of the tunnel structure (1), and a flow field tracing system is communicated with each single leakage assembly;
the environment wind supply assembly, the monomer leakage assemblies and the flow field tracing system are all arranged corresponding to the measurement monitoring system.
2. The behavior characteristic simulation experiment device for the gas dangerous chemical leakage fire disaster according to the claim 1, wherein: the environment air supply assembly comprises an array honeycombed flow stabilizing pipe (6) and a humidity temperature adjusting system (7) which are fixedly connected in the tunnel structure (1), the array honeycombed flow stabilizing pipe (6) is located between the variable frequency fan (2) and the humidity temperature adjusting system (7), and one side of the variable frequency fan (2) is fixedly connected with a waterproof wind speed measuring system (8) in the tunnel structure (1).
3. The behavior feature simulation experiment device for the gas dangerous chemical leakage fire disaster according to the claim 2, wherein: the monomer leakage assembly comprises a cylindrical connecting rod (9) with one end rotatably connected to the side wall of the link block (5), a rectifying section (10) fixedly connected to the other end of the cylindrical connecting rod (9), a threaded hole is formed in the side wall of the rectifying section (10), one end of a combustion device (11) is connected to the inner thread of the threaded hole, the combustion device (11) is perpendicular to the cylindrical connecting rod (9), the other end of the combustion device (11) is correspondingly arranged on the tunnel structure (1), one end of an air inlet pipeline (12) is fixedly communicated to the rectifying section (10), and the other end of the air inlet pipeline (12) is communicated with the flow field tracing system.
4. The behavior feature simulation experiment device for the gas dangerous chemical leakage fire disaster according to the claim 3, wherein: flow field tracer system includes metal drum (13) and laser sheet light source (19), small-size fan (14) are installed to metal drum (13) inside bottom, the inside top fixedly connected with metal mesh (15) of metal drum (13), metal drum (13) top fixedly connected with transparent ya keli drum (16), transparent ya keli drum (16) inside is provided with tracer particle (17), laser sheet light source (19) with tracer particle (17) correspond the setting, transparent ya keli drum (16) top middle part with the fixed intercommunication of the other end of admission line (12), metal drum (13) have flow control system (18) through the fixed intercommunication of pipeline.
5. The behavior feature simulation experiment device for the gas dangerous chemical leakage fire disaster according to the claim 3, wherein: slide (20) have been seted up on rotatory chassis (3) top, braced frame (4) bottom with slide (20) sliding connection, fixedly connected with micro motor (21) on linking piece (5), cylindrical connecting rod (9) one end is run through linking piece (5) with the output shaft fixed connection of micro motor (21), micro motor (21) electric connection has displacement control system (22), displacement control system (22) with rotatory chassis (3) electric connection.
6. The behavior feature simulation experiment device for the gas dangerous chemical leakage fire disaster according to the claim 5, wherein: and the rotating chassis (3) is provided with a 360-degree rotating dial (23).
7. The behavior feature simulation experiment device for the gas dangerous chemical leakage fire disaster according to the claim 1, wherein: the gas dangerous chemical is a combustible gas material and is one or more of methane, hydrogen, ethylene, propane, liquefied petroleum gas or acetylene.
8. The behavior characteristic simulation experiment device for the gas dangerous chemical leakage fire disaster according to the claim 1, wherein: the tunnel structure (1) is made of four-side light-permeable antifogging high-temperature-resistant glass.
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| CN115148080A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-10-04 | 中南大学 | Tunnel fire simulation experiment device under natural rainfall environment |
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