CN115871841A - 全地形车 - Google Patents
全地形车 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115871841A CN115871841A CN202111656940.2A CN202111656940A CN115871841A CN 115871841 A CN115871841 A CN 115871841A CN 202111656940 A CN202111656940 A CN 202111656940A CN 115871841 A CN115871841 A CN 115871841A
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- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- switch
- circuit
- terrain vehicle
- charging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M7/00—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine
- B62M7/02—Motorcycles characterised by position of motor or engine with engine between front and rear wheels
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B62J1/00—Saddles or other seats for cycles; Arrangement thereof; Component parts
- B62J1/08—Frames for saddles; Connections between saddle frames and seat pillars; Seat pillars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62J15/02—Fastening means; Stays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62J43/10—Arrangements of batteries for propulsion
- B62J43/16—Arrangements of batteries for propulsion on motorcycles or the like
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- B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
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- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
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- B62J6/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices on cycles; Mounting or supporting thereof; Circuits therefor
- B62J6/22—Warning or information lights
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- B62K19/30—Frame parts shaped to receive other cycle parts or accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
- B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
- B62K25/12—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg
- B62K25/14—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg with single arm on each fork leg
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62L1/005—Brakes; Arrangements thereof constructional features of brake elements, e.g. fastening of brake blocks in their holders
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- B62L—BRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES
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- B62L3/023—Brake-actuating mechanisms; Arrangements thereof for control by a hand lever acting on fluid pressure systems
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- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/60—Navigation input
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- B60L2240/642—Slope of road
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62J43/20—Arrangements of batteries characterised by the mounting
- B62J43/28—Arrangements of batteries characterised by the mounting hidden within the cycle frame
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- B62J6/22—Warning or information lights
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种全地形车,包括:车架;行走组件;驱动组件;鞍座组件;电源装置,包括第一电源;控制单元;DC模块,通过输出端连接第一电源并能将第一电源转化为第二电源,第二电源的电压小于第一电源的电压,第二电源用于为第一负载供电,DC模块输出端与第二电源之间还设置有第二负载;其中,还包括设置在DC模块输出端与第二负载之间的静态功控制电路;当第一电源上电时,静态功控制电路控制第二负载与第二电源导通,当第一电源下电时,静态功控制电路控制第二负载与第二电源断开。本发明中的全地形车设置了静态功耗控制电路,保证在非充电状态下充电口不带电,既减少了电量损耗,也避免了由于驾驶者误触带来的触电等危险。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆技术,尤其是涉及一种全地形车。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高,作为玩乐用途的全地形车愈发受到欢迎。同时也催生了儿童全地形车的市场和需求。现有的儿童全地形车都是由成人全地形车经过简单改造而来,难以适应儿童的全地形车用车需求,也难以保证儿童使用的安全性。
但是申请人在实现本申请实施例中发明技术方案的过程中,发现上述技术至少存在以下技术问题:
现有的儿童全地形车都是由成人全地形车经过简单改造而来,难以适应儿童的全地形车用车需求,也难以保证儿童使用的安全性。此外,虽然充电口设有充电盖组件,但是儿童生性好动,难免会打开充电盖触摸充电口,存在重大安全隐患。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种针对儿童使用需求和安全要求的全地形车。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种全地形车,包括:车架;行走组件,连接至车架;驱动组件,用于驱动行走组件;鞍座组件,设置在车架上方并可供乘坐;电源装置,包括第一电源;控制单元,用于控制驱动组件的运行状态;DC模块,通过输出端连接第一电源并能将第一电源转化为第二电源,第二电源的电压小于第一电源的电压,第二电源用于为第一负载供电,DC模块输出端与第二电源之间还设置有第二负载;其中,还包括设置在DC模块输出端与第二负载之间的静态功控制电路;当第一电源上电时,静态功控制电路控制第二负载与第二电源导通,当第一电源下电时,静态功控制电路控制第二负载与第二电源断开。
进一步地,静态功耗控制电路包括设于第二负载与第二电源之间的开关电路和用于为开关电路提供驱动信号并控制开关电路的导通与截止的驱动电路。
进一步地,开关电路包括开关,开关为电压型开关或电流型开关。
进一步地,开关为电流型开关,驱动电路输出的驱动信号为电压信号。
进一步地,开关为电压型开关,驱动电路输出的驱动信号为电流信号。
进一步地,第一电源上电后,第一电源向驱动电路输出高电平信号,驱动电路为开关电路提供开关管导通的驱动信号,开关电路中开关导通,第一电源中的高压电经过DC-DC模块转化为低压电进入第二电源中进行存储。
进一步地,第一电源下电后,第一电源向驱动电路输出低电平信号,驱动电路为开关电路提供开关管断开的驱动信号,开关电路中开关断开,第二负载与第二电源断开。
进一步地,第一电源还与充电口电连接,充电口处于非充电状态时,充电口与第一电源断开连接。
进一步地,充电口与第一电源之间设有充电继电器,充电继电器包括充电开关电路,充电开关电路包括第一状态和第二状态,当充电开关电路处于第一状态时,充电开关电路处于导通状态,当充电开关电路处于第二状态时,充电开关电路处在断开状态。
进一步地,充电口还包括电源模块,电源模块可以为充电继电器供电;当充电口处于非充电状态时,电源模块停止位充电继电器供电。
本申请实现方式中的技术方案,至少具有以下技术效果或优点:
由于在全地形车中设置了静态功耗控制电路,保证在非充电状态下充电口不带电,既减少了电量损耗,也避免了由于驾驶者误触带来的触电等危险。
附图说明
图1为本申请中全地形车的一种示意图;
图2为本申请中全地形车的一种俯视示意图;
图3为本申请中全地形车的一种剖视示意图;
图4为本申请中全地形车中控制单元的一种示意图;
图5为本申请中全地形车中挡位控制装置的一种示意图;
图6为本申请中另一实现方式中全地形车中控制单元的一种示意图;
图7为本申请中另一实现方式中全地形车中控制单元的一种示意图;
图8为本申请中另一实现方式中全地形车中控制单元的一种示意图;
图9为本申请中全地形车中调速装置的一种示意图;
图10为图9中沿A-A方向的一种剖视示意图;
图11为本申请中全地形车中应急开关装置的一种示意图;
图12为本申请中全地形车应急开关装置中第一基座和第二基座的一种示意图;
图13为本申请中全地形车中充电口的一种示意图;
图14为本申请中全地形车中第一电源与第二电源之间连接关系的一种示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施方式中的附图,对本发明具体实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
图1示出了一种全地形车100,如图1至图3所示,全地形车100包括:车架11、行走组件12、车身覆盖件13、电源组件14、鞍座组件15、传动组件16、制动组件17、转向组件18、驱动组件19、车灯组件21、操作组件22、悬架组件23、控制单元24以及仪表组件25。为了清楚的说明本申请的技术方案,还定义了如图1及图2所示的前侧、后侧、上侧、下侧、左侧和右侧。车架11用于支撑车身覆盖件13。行走组件12位于车架11的下方且能带动全地形车100移动。鞍座组件15安装在车架11的上方,用于供使用者乘坐。车架11上位于鞍座组件15的下方位置安装有电源组件14,电源组件14用于为全地形车100提供电能。驱动组件19与电源组件14电连接且安装在车架11上并靠近第一行走轮组121。驱动组件19驱动行走组件12并带动全地形车100进行移动,驱动组件19包括驱动电机191。悬架组件23分别与行走组件12和车架11进行枢接。转向组件18用于控制全地形车100的行驶的方向,转向组件18包括手把组件181。操作组件22靠近进转向组件18安装,用于控制全地形车100的行驶状态。仪表组件25安装在操作者可以目视的前方位置,用于为操作者提供全地形车100行驶中的相关数据。车灯组件21安装在车架11的前端和后端,用于为操作者提供照明、转向或警告指示信号。控制单元24用于控制全地形车100的运行状态。
作为一种实现方式,如图4所示,控制单元24包括电机控制单元241和整车控制单元242。电机控制单元241用于控制驱动电机191的运行状态,整车控制单元242用于控制全地形车100的运行状态。电机控制单元241包括挡位模块2411、检测模块2412和控制模块2413。挡位模块2411用于将接收外部输入的挡位模式信号,并将挡位模式信号输入至控制模块2413。检测模块2412包括速度检测模块2412a、扭矩检测模块2412b,速度检测模块2412a用于检测当前全地形车100的速度,扭矩检测模块2412b用于检测当前驱动电机191输出的扭矩。控制模块2413根据挡位模块2411输入的挡位模式信号、速度模块检测的当前全地形车100速度、扭矩检测模块2412b检测当前驱动电机191输出的扭矩,对驱动电机191的运行状态进行控制。
作为一种实现方式,操作组件22包括挡位控制装置221,挡位控制装置221与电机控制单元241电性连接,挡位控制装置221用于向电机控制单元241输入挡位模式信号,电机控制单元241根据挡位模式信号控制驱动电机191的运行状态。驱动电机191的运行状态包括前进状态、后退状态和停车状态。前进状态为全地形车100向前行驶,后退状态为全地形车100向后行驶,停车状态为全地形车100处于停止运行的状态。在停车状态下可以理解为全地形车100下电状态,即第一电源141停止向驱动电机191输入电能,驱动电机191停止工作。
在驾驶者骑在鞍座组件时,右手可以方便的握住手动撑杆,并对手动撑杆进行操控,使全地形车100处在不同的运行状态。手动撑杆具有很好的操控性,满足了对操控较高需求的驾驶者。但对于小型的全地形车,大多使用者为儿童,手动撑杆操作变得复杂,显得不方便。为了解决上述的问题,挡位控制装置221被配置为电子挡位开关装置,安装在手把组件181上。可以理解的,电子挡位开关装置可以安装在左侧手把上,也可安装在右侧手把上,在这里不做具体的限定。示例性的,电子挡位开关装置安装在左侧手把上。
作为一种实现方式,如图5所示,挡位控制装置221包括挡位开关座2211、挡位开关2212、挡位按键2213和用于与电机控制单元241相连接的线束接口2214。挡位开关2212通过挡位开关座2211安装在手把组件181上面,挡位开关2212包括多种开关模式,多种开关模式对应多种挡位模式信号。挡位按键2213使挡位开关2212处在不同的开关模式。挡位开关2212与线束接口2214电连,通过线束接口2214将不同的挡位模式信号输入至电机控制单元241。电机控制单元241根据挡位模式信号控制驱动电机191的运行状态,进而控制整个全地形车100的运行状态。
作为一种实现方式,挡位开关2212至少包括第一开关模式、第二开关模式、第三开关模式。其中,第一开关模式为空挡模式,第二开关模式为倒挡模式,第三开关模式为前进挡模式。当挡位开关2212处在第一开关模式时,电机控制单元241控制驱动电机191停止运行,即驱动电机191处在断电的状态。当挡位开关2212处在第二开关模式时,电机控制单元241控制驱动电机191带动第一行走轮组121使全地形车100朝着后退的方向运行,当挡位开关2212处在第三开关模式时,电机控制单元241控制驱动电机191带动第一行走轮组121使全地形车100朝着前进行驶。如图5所示,挡位按键2213设在挡位开关座2211上,挡位按键2213通过与挡位开关座2211相对运动的方式,使挡位开关2212在不同的开关模式之间进行切换。挡位按键2213的上方设有与开关模式相对应的挡位标记,挡位标记包括空挡挡位标记N2213a,前进挡位标记F2213b,后退挡位标记R2213c,其中空挡挡位标记N2213a设置在中间位置,前进挡位标记F2213b设置在空挡挡位标记N2213b的一侧,后退挡位标记R2213c设置在空挡挡位标记N2213a的另一侧。空挡挡位标记N2213a对应于第一开关模式,前进挡位标记F2213b对应于第三开关模式,后退挡位标记R2213c对应于第二开关模式。在驾驶者驾乘全地形车100进行行驶时,通过移动挡位开关座2211上的挡位按键2213使全地形车100处在不同的开关模式下运行。挡位按键2213为长方体结构,在长方体的挡位按键2213中间位置设有按键凸起2213d,通过移动按键凸起2213d使挡位开关2212按键对应于不同的开关模式,使全地形车100切换至不同的运行模式。在长方体结构的挡位按键2213上表面设有防滑竖纹,防滑竖纹的方向与移动挡位按键2213运动的方向垂直,用于增加驾驶者推动挡位按键2213时,大拇指肚与挡位按键2213之间摩擦力。挡位按键2213的中间位置被配置为第一开关模式,在第一开关模式的左右两侧分别设有第二开关模式和第三开关模式,其中,第二开关模式在靠近人手的方向,第三开关模式在远离人手的方向。通过这样的方式,切换至第三开关模式更加省力,更方便力量较小的驾驶者操作。
作为一种实现方式,由第一开关模式或第三开关模式进入第二开关模式时,即由空挡模式或前进挡模式进入倒挡模式时,为了保证驾驶者的安全,增加对倒挡模式时全地形车100运行的可控性,如图6所示,在电机控制单元241中的检测模块2412增加制动检测模块2412c,制动检测模块2412c用于检测进入第二开关模式时即倒挡模式时,是否有制动信号输入至电机控制单元241。第一开关模式或第三开关模式切换至第二开关模式时,第二开关模式的挡位模式信号经过线缆输入至电机控制单元241,电机控制单元241对输入的挡位模式信号进行判断、制动信号检测,若电机控制单元241判断当前的挡位模式信号为倒挡模式信号,同时有制动信号输入至电机控制单元241,则电机控制单元241控制驱动电机191执行第二开关模式,使全地形车100向后运行。否则,电机控制单元241控制驱动电机191不执行第二开关模式,电机控制单元241继续控制驱动电机191按照当前开关模式进行运行。
作为一种实现方式,如图6所示,电机控制单元241包括挡位模块2411、检测模块2412和控制模块2413。挡位模块2411用于接收外部输入的挡位模式信号,并将挡位模式信号输入至控制模块2413。检测模块2412包括制动检测模块2412c、速度检测模块2412a和扭矩检测模块2412b,制动检测模块2412c用于检测制动组件17是否输入制动信号,速度检测模块2412a用于检测当前全地形车100的速度,扭矩检测模块2412b用于检测当前驱动电机191输出的扭矩。控制模块2413根据挡位模块2411输入的挡位模式信号、制动检测模块2412c检测结果、速度模块检测的当前全地形车100速度,扭矩检测模块2412b检测当前驱动电机191输出的扭矩值,对驱动电机191的运行状态进行控制。
如图7所示,由第一开关模式或第三开关模式进入第二开关模式时,即由空挡模式或前进挡模式进入倒挡模式时,挡位模式信号通过线缆输入至电机控制单元241的挡位模块2411进行挡位模式的确认,同时制动检测模块2412c检测此时是否有制动信号,检测模块2412中还包括用于检测驱动电机转速的转速检测模块2412d,用于检测当前驱动电机191输出扭矩的扭矩检测模块2412b。若挡位模块2411判断为当前输入的挡位模式信号为倒挡模式信号,同时制动检测模块2412c检测当前有制动信号,转速检测模块2412d检测当前的驱动电机转速小于预设的第一阀值,同时扭矩检测模块2412b检测出当前的扭矩小于预设的第二阀值,则控制模块2413控制驱动电机191执行倒挡模式,驱动电机191带动第一行走轮组121使全地形车100向后运行。否则,控制模块2413控制驱动电机191继续执行当前开关模式,不进行第二开关模式的切换,全地形车100还是按照当前运行状态继续运行。由第一开关模式或第三开关模式进入第二开关模式时,即由空挡模式或前进挡模式进入倒挡模式时,若挡位模块2411检测到当前输入的挡位模式信号为倒挡模式信号,制动检测模块2412c没有检测到制动信号的输入,控制模块2413控制驱动电机191不执行第二开关模式,全地形车100还是按照当前运行状态继续运行。由第一开关模式或第三开关模式进入第二开关模式时,即由空挡模式或前进挡模式进入倒挡模式时,若挡位模块2411检测到当前输入的挡位模式信号为倒挡模式信号,制动模块有检测到制动信号的输入,转速检测模块2412d检测的当前全地形车100转速超过预设第一阀值,则控制模块2413控制驱动电机191不执行第二开关模式,全地形车100还是按照当前运行状态继续运行。由第一开关模式或第三开关模式进入第二开关模式时,即由空挡模式或前进挡模式进入倒挡模式时,若挡位模块2411检测到当前输入的挡位模式信号为倒挡模式信号,制动检测模块2412c有检测到制动信号的输入,转速检测模块2412d检测的当前全地形车100转速小于预设第一阀值,扭矩检测模块2412b检测到当前驱动电机191输出的扭矩值大于预设的第二阀值,则控制模块2413控制驱动电机191不执行第二开关模式,全地形车100还是按照当前运行状态继续运行。
作为一种实现方式,第一阀值为大于等于0rpm且小于等于800rpm,第二阀值大于等于0N且小于等于50N。进一步地,第一阀值为大于等于0rpm且小于等于600rpm,第二阀值为大于等于0N·m且小于等于30N·m。更进一步地,第一阀值为大于等于0rpm且小于等于400rpm,第二阀值为大于等于0N·m且小于等于20N·m。在切换第二开关模式时,在电机控制单元241增加制动检测模块2412c,检测当前全地形车100制动组件17是否在工作,同时电机控制单元241对当前车速与预设的速度值进行比较、当前电机输出的扭矩值与预设的扭矩值进行比较,只有在全地形车100处在制动状态,同时当前全地形车100的速度值和扭矩值均符合上述规定的范围内时,电机控制单元241才会真正的执行第二开关模式,使全地形车100向后运行。对于小型的全地形车100,使用对象多为儿童,避免了倒挡飞车的情况,增加了全地形车100使用的安全性。
作为一种实现方式,在控制模块2413控制驱动电机191执行第二开关模式时,使全地形车100向后运行时,控制模块2413同时会将倒挡模式信号输入至车灯组件21,使车灯组件21将用于指示倒挡模式信号的尾灯212点亮,同时还可以使全地形车发出声音警告信息,提示在全地形车100周围的人们以躲避,以免发生危险情况。
作为一种实现方式,如图8所示,整车控制单元242包括整车自检模块2421,整车自检模块2421用于检测当前全地形车100电器设备是否存在异常的情况及各装置和部件当下所处的状态。第一开关模式切换至第二开关模式或是第三开关模式切换至第二开关模式时,即从空挡模式切换至倒挡模式时或是从前进挡模式切换至倒挡模式时,挡位模式信号通过线缆输入至电机控制单元241的挡位模块2411进行开关模式的确认,同时检测模块2412检测此时是否有制动信号,转速检测模块2412d用于检测当前全地形车100运行的速度,扭矩检测模块2412b用于检测当前驱动电机191输出的扭矩,速度检测模块2412a用于检测当前全地形车100是否在运动。若挡位模式判断为当前输入的挡位模式信号为倒挡模式信号,同时制动检测模块2412c检测当前有制动信号输入,转速检测模块2412d检测当前的全地形车100转速小于预设的第一阀值,扭矩检测模块2412b检测出当前的扭矩小于预设的第二阀值,控制模块2413将执行挡位模式的信号输入至整车控制单元242,整车控制单元242发送整车自检控制信号给整车自检模块2421,整车自检模块2421对全地形车100的电器设备进行自检。若自检结果正常,例如全地形车100不存电器设备过热的情况,整车控制单元242向电机控制单元241发送执行第二开关模式的信号即倒挡模式信号。电机控制单元241的控制模块2413控制驱动电机191执行倒挡模式信号,驱动电机191带动第一行走轮组121向后运行。整车控制单元242与电机控制单元241可以通过线缆进行信号的传递,也可以通过总线来传输信号。
对于全地形车100运行车速的控制,本实现方式中通过操控调速装置222实现。在调速装置222中设有磁性元件2222a和磁传感器2221a,通过控制磁性元件2222a与磁传感器2221a之间的相对位置,来控制全地形车100的运行速度。磁传感器2221a为霍尔传感器也可以为磁电阻传感器。在本实现方式中,调速装置222为电子油门。现有技术,通常电子油门装置被配置为套设在手把组件外的转把式结构,通过在转把组件里设置霍尔元件,利用转动磁铁位置的变化,使霍尔电压发生变化,从而控制驱动电机的转动快慢。转把式电子油门装置体积非常大,使得整个手把组件在设计时,体积变大。在小型的全地形车中,手把组件显得比较笨重,影响全地形车车型的美观度。同时,小型全地形车的使用对象大多数为儿童,儿童的手掌较小,较大体积的手把组件不利于儿童握持。为了解决上述的问题,作为一种实现方式,如图9和图10所示,调速装置222被配置为包括油门座2221和油门转轴2222、扭簧2223,油门座2221包括与手把组件181相配合的油门安装孔,通过油门安装孔将油门座2221安装在手把组件181上,在油门座2221上固定安装有磁传感器2221a,油门转轴2222枢接在油门座2221上,油门转轴2222的中心线与手把组件181的中心线呈一角度,该角度大于0°小于180°。在油门转轴2222的一端安装有磁性元件2222a,其另一端设有加油手柄2222b。在油门转轴2222上还套设有扭簧2223,在油门转轴2222旋转后,通过扭簧2223可以进行油门转轴2222的复位。在油门转轴2222上设有第一位置和第二位置,在油门转轴2222处在第一位置时,磁传感器2221a感应到的磁场最小,获得的电信号最小,磁传感器2221a将电信号输入至电机控制单元241,电机控制单元241控制驱动电机191运行的速度就越小。在调速装置222转轴处在第二位置时,磁传感器2221a感应到的磁场最大,获得的电信号最大,磁传感器2221a将电信号输入至电机控制单元241,电机控制单元241控制驱动电机191运行的速度就越大。面向加油手柄2222b的方向看调速装置222,若油门转轴2222逆时针旋转,第一位置先被磁传感器2221a被感应到,第二位置后被磁传感器2221a感应到。油门转轴2222从第一位置转到第二位置的过程中,磁传感器2221a感应到的磁场逐渐增大。当驾驶者在骑乘过程中,手握住手把,通过大拇指按压加油手柄2222b,使得磁性元件2222a与磁传感器2221a的相对位置发生改变,磁传感器2221a获得不同角度位置下的电信号,并将电信号输入至电机控制单元241对驱动电机191进行控制。加油手柄2222b的外部套有胶套2222c,使驾驶者在接触加油手柄2222b时更舒服,增加了驾驶者的使用感受。磁传感器2221a安装在PCB板上,PCB板安装在油门座2221上,为了能够使磁传感器2221a牢固的固定在PCB板上,采用包括灌胶在内的封装技术将磁传感器2221a密封在PCB板上。通过这样的方式,减化了手把组件181的复杂设计,在设计时减少了手把组件181的直径,更有利于儿童对手把组件181的握持。在操作方面仅需要一个大拇指就可以对全地形车100速度进行控制,操作力较小,操作手感好,维修更换简单方便。
在全地形车100行驶的过程中,为了加强对全地形车100行驶的安全性,全地形车100上在靠近鞍座组件15的位置处还设有应急开关装置223(如图2所示),应急开关装置223用于为电机控制单元241提供断电信号,电机控制单元241根据断电信号控制驱动电机191停止运行。
作为一种实现方式,如图11和图12所示所示,应急开关装置223设有第一基座2231、第二基座2232、开关组件2233、第一磁力装置2234和第二磁力装置2235。第一基座2231设有第一槽,第一磁力装置2234安装在第一槽内,第一磁力装置2234用于提供第一作用力。第二基座2232设有第二槽,第二磁力装置2235安装在第二槽内,第二磁力装置2235用于提供第二作用力,第一磁作用力大于第二作用力,开关组件2233固定安装在第二基座2232上。开关组件2233包括开关本体2233a和衔铁2233c。开关本体2233a上包括第一触点2233b。在衔铁2233c上设有第二触点2233d,在第一基座2231和第二基座2232接触时,在第一作用力的作用下,衔铁2233c带动第二处点2233d与开关本体2233a上的第一触点2233b接触,开关组件2233向电机控制单元241提供第一信号,电机控制单元241根据第一信号控制驱动电机191正常运行。在第一基座2231和第二基座2232分离时,在第二作用力的作用下,衔铁2233c带动第二处点2233d向第二磁力装置2235的方向运运动,使第一触点2233b与第二处点2233d分离,开关组件2233向电机控制单元241发送第二信号,电机控制单元241向根据第二信号控制驱动电机191停止运动。
作为一种实现方式,如图11所示,在第一基座2231或第二基座2232靠近鞍座组件15设置,第二基座2232或第一基座2231上设有安全绳2236,在安全绳2236上设有夹持部2236a,夹持部2236a用于夹持驾驶者的衣物。第二基座2232固定安装在手把组件181上,第一基座2231上设有连接孔2231a,安全绳2236的一端穿过连接孔2231a与第一基座2231连接。安全绳2236的另一端设有捏夹,捏夹用于夹持驾驶者的衣物,在驾驶者在骑行过程发生危险的情况时,例如人车分离,驾驶者能够通过轻拉安全绳2236,使第一基座2231和第二基座2232分离,电机控制单元241控制驱动电机191停止工作,如此避免了二次危险情况的发生。
第一磁力装置2234和/或第二磁力装置2235可以为电磁铁,也可以是永磁铁。作为一种实现方式,第一磁力装置2234和第二磁力装置2235均为永磁铁,第一磁力装置2234对应的第一永磁铁,第二磁力装置2235对应的为第二永磁铁,通过控制第一永磁铁与衔铁2233c的距离小于第二永磁铁与衔铁2233c的距离,使得第一磁力作用力大于第二磁力作用力。
开关本体2233a上设有第一触点2233b。在第一基座2231与第二基座2232接合时,在第一磁力装置2234,衔铁2233c带动第一触点2233b向上移动,使第一触点2233b与第二处点2233d接触,开关组件2233向电机控制单元241提供第一信号,电机控制单元241根据第一信号控制驱动电机191正常运行。在第一基座2231和第二基座2232分离时,在第二作用力的作用下,衔铁2233c带动第二处点2233d沿中间槽内向第二磁力装置2235的方向运运动,使第一触点2233b与第二处点2233d分离,开关组件2233向电机控制单元241发送第二信号,电机控制单元241向根据第二信号控制驱动电机191停止运动。
现有技术中,小型全地形车上设置充电口,对于小型全地形车使用对象多为儿童,儿童的自制力比较差,充电口虽然有充电盖组件进行保护,但是无法避免儿童打开充电盖组件对充电口进行触摸,发生触电的危险。为了解决这种情况,对充电口进行断电保护,在充电口处于非充电状态时,将充电口与第一电源之间形成的电路断开。
作为一种实现方式,如图13所示,充电口143包括充电座1431和充电继电器1432,充电继电器1432连接在充电座1431与第一电源141之间,在外部充电器插入至充电座1431时,外部充电器、充电座1431、充电继电器1432和第一电源141形成充电电路。充电继电器1432包括充电开关电路1432a,充电开关电路1432a包括第一状态和第二状态,第一状态时,充电开关电路1432a处于导通状态,在第二状态时,充电开关电路1432a处在断开状态。外部充电器包括电源模块。当外部充电器与充电座1431接触后电源模块为充电继电器1432供电,充电开关电路1432a处在第一状态,充电开关电路1432a处于导通状态,充电电路导通,外部充电器为第一电源141充电,在没有外部充电器插入时,没有电源模块为充电继电器1432提供电源,充电开关电路1432a处在第二状态,充电开关电路1432a处于处在断开的状态,充电电路断开,充电座1431与第一电源141处于断路状态。通过这样的方式,解决了充电座1431在非充电状态存在高压电的情况,避免了危险发生。
作为一种实现方式,第一电源141的高压电通过DC-DC模块144转化成第二电源142的低压电,第二电源142用于给全地形车100的车灯组件21、仪表组件25、喇叭、报警单元、电机控制单元241等低电压设备供电。现有技术中DC-DC模块的输入端连接第一电源,第一电源为动力电源,为全地形车100的行驶提供电源,DC-DC模块用于将第一电源的高压电转换成低电压设备需要的低压电,为了保证上述低电压设备供电的稳定性,通常在DC-DC模块的输出端与第二电源之间连接第二负载,在第一电源处在下电的状态下,第二负载与第二电源相连接,第二负载产生静态功耗影响第二电源的使用寿命。为了解决上问题,如图14所示,在DC-DC模块144的输出端与第一电源141之间设有静态功耗控制电路146,静态功耗控制电路146用于控制第二负载145与第二电源142之间电路的导通与断开,在第一电源141输出电能的时候,静态功耗控制电路146控制第二负载145与第二电源142进行导通,在第一电源141处在下电的状态下,静态功耗控制电路146控制第二负载145与第二电源142之间电路的断开。通过这样的方式,降低第二电源142的静态功耗,延长了第二电源142的可用容量,进而延长了第二电源142在全地形车100上存放时间和使用寿命。
作为一种实现方式,如图14所示,静态功耗控制电路146包括驱动电路1461和开关电路1462,开关电路1462设在第二负载145与第二电源142之间,驱动电路1461用于为开关电路1462提供驱动信号并控制开关电路1462的导通与截止。开关电路1462包括开关,开关可以为电压型开关,也可以为电流型开关,在这里不做具体的限定。若开关为电压型开关,对应的驱动电路1461输出为驱动信号电压信号,若开关为电流型开关,对应的驱动电路1461输出驱动信号为电流信号。开关为电压型开关型,在第一电源141进行上电后,给驱动电路1461提供一个高电平信号,开关电路1462根据高电平信号控制开关导通,第一电源141的高压电经过DC-DC模块144转化为低压电进入第二电源142中进行存储。在第一电源141进行下电后,给驱动电路1461提供一个低电平的电压信号,开关电路1462根据低电平信号控制开关断开,第二负载145与第二电源142进行断开。通过上述的方式使第二电源142实现零静态功耗。
应当理解的是,对于本领域普通技术人员来说,可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换,而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种全地形车,包括:
车架;
行走组件,连接至所述车架;
驱动组件,用于驱动所述行走组件;
鞍座组件,设置在所述车架上方并可供乘坐;
电源装置,包括第一电源;
控制单元,用于控制所述驱动组件的运行状态;
DC模块,通过输出端连接所述第一电源并能将所述第一电源转化为第二电源,所述第二电源的电压小于所述第一电源的电压,所述第二电源用于为第一负载供电,所述DC模块输出端与所述第二电源之间还设置有第二负载;
其中,所述全地形车还包括设置在所述DC模块输出端与所述第二负载之间的静态功控制电路;当所述第一电源上电时,所述静态功控制电路控制所述第二负载与所述第二电源导通,当所述第一电源下电时,所述静态功控制电路控制所述第二负载与所述第二电源断开。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述静态功耗控制电路包括设于所述第二负载与所述第二电源之间的开关电路和用于为所述开关电路提供驱动信号并控制开关电路的导通与截止的驱动电路。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述开关电路包括开关,所述开关为电压型开关或电流型开关。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述开关为电流型开关,所述驱动电路输出的驱动信号为电压信号。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述开关为电压型开关,所述驱动电路输出的驱动信号为电流信号。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述第一电源上电后,所述第一电源向所述驱动电路输出高电平信号,所述驱动电路为所述开关电路提供开关管导通的驱动信号,所述开关电路中所述开关导通,所述第一电源中的高压电经过所述DC-DC模块转化为低压电进入第二电源中进行存储。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述第一电源下电后,所述第一电源向所述驱动电路输出低电平信号,所述驱动电路为所述开关电路提供开关管断开的驱动信号,所述开关电路中所述开关断开,所述第二负载与所述第二电源断开。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述第一电源还与充电口电连接,所述充电口处于非充电状态时,所述充电口与所述第一电源断开连接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述充电口与所述第一电源之间设有充电继电器,所述充电继电器包括充电开关电路,充电开关电路包括第一状态和第二状态,当所述充电开关电路处于第一状态时,所述充电开关电路处于导通状态,当充电开关电路处于第二状态时,所述充电开关电路处在断开状态。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种全地形车,其特征在于:
所述充电口还包括电源模块,所述电源模块可以为所述充电继电器供电;当所述充电口处于非充电状态时,所述电源模块停止位所述充电继电器供电。
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