CN115868585A - Method for improving soluble dietary fiber in lotus root juice through combined action of ultrahigh pressure and biological enzyme - Google Patents
Method for improving soluble dietary fiber in lotus root juice through combined action of ultrahigh pressure and biological enzyme Download PDFInfo
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- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 title claims description 19
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural product processing, and provides a method for improving soluble dietary fiber of lotus root juice by the combined action of ultrahigh pressure and biological enzymolysis. The method comprises the steps of squeezing fresh lotus roots to obtain lotus root residues and lotus root juice, mixing the lotus root residues with the lotus root juice in an amount which is 1-5 times the weight of the lotus root residues, adding neutral protease in an amount which is 0.4-1.0% of the mass fraction of the lotus root residues and alpha-amylase in an amount which is 0.8-2.0%, processing the mixed pulp at 20-50 ℃ under 200-500 MPa in an ultrahigh pressure environment for 5-30 min, separating again to obtain the lotus root juice, wherein the soluble dietary fiber content of the processed lotus root juice is 1.60-2.32 times that of the processed lotus root juice.
Description
1. Field of the invention
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural product processing, and particularly relates to a treatment method for improving soluble dietary fiber of lotus root juice.
2. Background of the invention
The Dietary Fiber (DF) mainly exists in a compact tissue structure of a plant cell wall/membrane, and is widely applied to various foods as a necessity for preventing and treating diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, constipation, cancer and obesity. More and more researches prove that Soluble Dietary Fiber (SDF) in the dietary fiber has higher physiological activity, so that the structure is loosened by a chemical or physical method, the conversion of insoluble macromolecular substances to soluble micromolecular substances is promoted, and the physiological effect of enhancing DF is the key point of DF preparation at present. In the preparation method of the dietary fiber, an acid-base decomposition method is low in cost and simple to operate, but due to the lack of environmental friendliness, more physical methods, enzymatic methods, microbial fermentation and other methods are widely researched in recent years. The ultrahigh pressure treatment technology is a novel physical technology, can provide high pressure of more than 100MPa, can change non-covalent bonds such as hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, hydrophobic bonds and the like in a biological macromolecule three-dimensional structure, changes the spatial structure of the biological macromolecule three-dimensional structure, modifies materials and can also inhibit or activate enzyme activity.
The lotus root as the aquatic vegetable with the highest yield in China contains rich physiological active ingredients, researches have reported that the DF content in the lotus root can reach 65% -98.2% of the dry weight of lotus root residue, and 21.14% of the wet weight, but the SDF ratio is low, according to the report of Baiyunqing and the like (2007), the SDF/IDF ratio of the lotus root is only about 1: 10, and the improvement of the SDF ratio is beneficial to improving the functional effect of the lotus root. The lotus root juice is an important processed product of lotus roots, but lotus root residues generated in the lotus root juice processing are often discarded, so that resource waste is caused. The ratio of the SDF (food grade factor) which is a byproduct in food processing such as rice bran, soybean, hot pepper, pear and the like in the dietary fiber can be improved by the ultrahigh pressure technology, but simultaneously, due to the characteristics of materials, ultrahigh pressure treatment conditions and complex interaction among enzyme activities, different ultrahigh pressure conditions, different enzymes can show different reactions such as activation or inactivation and the like, and the action on the dietary fiber is different. Patent 202010215528.6 discloses a method for improving physical and chemical quality of soluble dietary fiber of burdock under ultrahigh pressure, which adopts a step-by-step treatment method of high pressure and enzymolysis; patent CN202010273509.9 discloses a method for preparing a fermentation type composite fruit and vegetable beverage by ultrahigh pressure auxiliary enzyme treatment, and the nutritional ingredients of the composite fruit and vegetable juice obtained by the method are well retained. In view of the complexity of interaction of ultrahigh pressure, temperature and time on enzyme activity, in order to reduce the emission of lotus root residues and improve the SDF content in lotus root juice, the lotus root juice residues are separated, and then the optimal combination of pressure, temperature and time when enzymolysis and dietary fiber modification are synchronously carried out under the ultrahigh pressure condition is obtained according to the influence of the juice residue proportion, the enzyme dosage and the ultrahigh pressure treatment condition on the SDF content in the lotus root juice. The method can reduce discharge of rhizoma Nelumbinis residue while obtaining high bioactivity rhizoma Nelumbinis juice, and has the advantages of rapidness and convenience.
3. Summary of the invention
In the existing production of lotus root juice, the content of active ingredients of the lotus root juice is low, and lotus root residues containing rich dietary fibers are usually discarded. In the existing dietary fiber extraction method, the chemical method is poor in environmental friendliness, the enzymolysis method is long in time consumption, and how much the effect of the combined action of ultrahigh pressure and the complex enzyme can not be judged. In order to improve the health attribute of the lotus root juice and reduce the emission of lotus root residues, the invention provides a fast, convenient and green biophysical combination manufacturing method. The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
1) Crushing fresh rhizoma Nelumbinis, squeezing to obtain solid rhizoma Nelumbinis residue, centrifuging liquid part at 4000r/min for 10min, and collecting supernatant to obtain rhizoma Nelumbinis juice;
2) Mixing the lotus root residue obtained in the step 1) with lotus root juice with the mass of 1-5 times of that of the lotus root residue;
3) Adding 0.4-1.0% of neutral protease and 0.8-2.0% of alpha-amylase in mass fraction of the lotus root residue into the mixed slurry obtained in the step 2);
4) Processing the juice, residue and enzyme mixed system obtained in the step 3) for 5-30 min at the temperature of 20-50 ℃ and under the pressure of 200-500 MPa;
5) Centrifuging the mixed system obtained in the step 4) to obtain supernatant.
6) Preferably, the mass ratio of the lotus root residue to the lotus root juice in the step 2) is 1: 3-1: 5.
7) Preferably, the concentration of the neutral protease in the step 3) is 0.4-0.8%, and the concentration of the alpha-amylase is 1.6-2.0%.
8) Preferably, the pressure in step 4) is 300 to 500MPa.
9) Preferably, the temperature in step 4) is 30 to 50 ℃.
10 Preferably, the time of step 5) is 15 to 25min.
11 The supernatant obtained in the step 5) of the method in claim 1 is SDF-enriched lotus root juice, the content of soluble dietary fiber of the supernatant is 1.60-2.32 times of that of the lotus root juice obtained in the step 1), and the soluble solid content is increased by 0.5-1.8 Brix.
Has the beneficial effects that:
1) The method adopts the synergistic effect of the biological enzyme method and the ultrahigh-pressure physical field to improve the SDF content in the lotus root juice, optimizes and determines the pressure, the temperature, the time and the enzyme dosage in the ultrahigh-pressure environment, can double the SDF content in the lotus root juice, and increases the physiological activity of the lotus root juice;
2) The method of the invention simultaneously carries out enzymolysis and ultrahigh pressure action, reduces the working procedures carried out step by step and shortens the processing time;
3) The preparation method of the invention adopts a physical method and food additive enzyme, squeezing and centrifuging are carried out to realize juice-residue separation, and ultrahigh pressure treatment is carried out in a form of recombinant juice-residue mixing, so that the lotus root residue discharge is reduced while the water solubility of the lotus root residue dietary fiber is promoted to be increased to obtain the lotus root juice with high SDF content.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method for increasing SDF content of lotus root juice, which takes fresh lotus roots as raw materials, realizes juice-residue separation by squeezing, recombines the proportion of juice and residue, and realizes the obvious increase of SDF content and the obvious improvement of physicochemical property in the lotus root juice by adding protease and amylase in a juice-residue dispersion system and carrying out ultrahigh pressure treatment.
1) Squeezing to obtain solid rhizoma Nelumbinis residue, centrifuging the liquid part at 4000r/min for 10min, and collecting supernatant to obtain rhizoma Nelumbinis juice;
2) Mixing the lotus root residue obtained in the step 1) with 1-5 times of lotus root juice by mass;
3) Adding neutral protease with the mass fraction of 0.4-1.0% and alpha-amylase with the mass fraction of 0.8-2.0% into the mixed slurry obtained in the step 2);
4) Processing the juice, residue and enzyme mixed system obtained in the step 3) for 5-30 min at the temperature of 20-50 ℃ and under the pressure of 200-500 MPa;
5) And 4) centrifuging the mixed system obtained in the step 4) at 4000r/min to obtain a supernatant.
The SDF content in the lotus root juice is improved through the combined action of ultrahigh pressure and enzyme, the lotus root juice and the lotus root residue are separated through squeezing, then the lotus root residue is treated with 1-5 times of the lotus root juice by mass, neutral protease with the mass fraction of 0.2-1.0% of the lotus root residue and alpha-amylase with the mass fraction of 0.8-2.0% of the lotus root residue, the pressure is 100-500 MPa under ultrahigh pressure, the holding time is 5-30 min, and the temperature is 25-50 ℃; under the treatment condition, the change of the physical structure of the dietary fiber under high-pressure treatment can be realized, and the inactivation of exogenous enzyme is avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the content of SDF in lotus root juice is determined by the following specific determination method: concentrating the lotus root juice at 50 ℃ under the vacuum degree of 0.1MPa until the volume is reduced to 1/3-1/2 of the original volume, transferring the lotus root juice to a centrifugal cup, adding 95% ethanol with 4 times of volume, stirring, uniformly mixing, sealing, standing at room temperature for 1h, centrifuging at 4000r/min for 10min to obtain a precipitate, adding distilled water with the volume of 1/2 of the concentrated lotus root juice to fully redissolve the precipitate, freezing at 18 ℃ and then carrying out vacuum freeze-drying to obtain the lotus root juice SDF.
In the embodiment of the invention, the soluble solid content of the lotus root juice is also measured, and the specific measurement method is a refractometer method.
The following examples are given to better understand the invention but are not intended to limit it in any way.
Example 1
1) Cleaning fresh and crisp lotus roots, longitudinally cutting the fresh and crisp lotus roots into strips with the length of 5-10 cm and the width of 2-4 cm, squeezing the strips in a Jiuyang juice machine (JYZ-E81) to obtain lotus root residues with the mass fraction of the fresh lotus roots of 26%, and centrifuging the squeezed and collected turbid liquid at 4000r/min to obtain lotus root juice with the mass fraction of 72% of the fresh lotus roots;
2) Taking 40g of lotus root residues, adding 120g of lotus root juice, adding 3.2g of neutral protease and 6.4g of alpha-amylase (Kagaku chemical technology Co., ltd., ten thousand of south Henan), packaging in a PA + RCPP high-temperature cooking bag of 10cm multiplied by 15cm, sealing and packaging after vacuumizing, shaking on an air shaking bed at 30 ℃, shaking at 200rpm for 10min, and uniformly mixing;
3) Placing the packaged mixed system in the step 2) in a 3-6L ultrahigh pressure equipment pressure holding cabin of Baotou Kokai science and technology Co., ltd, adding water at 40 ℃, setting the pressure to be 400MPa, and holding the pressure for 20min;
4) And (4) after pressure is released, performing centrifugal separation on the mixed system obtained in the step (4) at 4000r/min to obtain supernatant fluid, thus obtaining the lotus root juice.
Example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that the lotus root juice added in the step 2) has the mass of 40g.
Example 3
The difference from the example 1 is that the lotus root juice added in the step 2) has the mass of 200g.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the pressure in step 3) was set to 200MPa.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the water added to the ballast in step 3) was 50 ℃.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the pressure holding time in step 3) was 5min.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the lotus root juice obtained in the step 1) is directly taken.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that no neutral protease and no alpha-amylase are added in step 2).
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the pressure in step 3) was set to 100MPa.
Example 1 compared with comparative example 1, the SDF content in the lotus root juice obtained in example 1 is 2.32 times that of comparative example 2, and the soluble solid content is increased by 1.8Brix compared with comparative example 2.
Example 2 compared to comparative example 1, example 2 obtained lotus root juice with an SDF content 1.62 times that of comparative example 1, and the soluble solids content increased by 1.0Brix compared to comparative example 1.
Example 3 compared to comparative example 1, example 3 obtained lotus root juice with an SDF content 1.60 times that of comparative example 1 and a soluble solids content increased by 0.9Brix compared to comparative example 2.
The adjustment range of the ratio of the juice and the dreg is determined in the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3.
Example 4 compared to comparative example 1, example 3 obtained lotus root juice with an SDF content 1.60 times that of comparative example 1 and an increase in soluble solids content of 0.9Brix compared to comparative example 2. Example 4 compared to comparative example 3, a selected range of process pressures is illustrated.
Examples 5 and 6 are the effects of the process temperature and process time parameters.
Comparative example 2 shows the synergistic effect of the enzyme and the high pressure treatment.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but this is only an example for easy understanding and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Also, various equivalent changes or substitutions are possible for those skilled in the art according to the technical solution of the present invention and the description of the preferred embodiment thereof, and all such changes or substitutions shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
The data are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of physicochemical indices of examples and comparative examples
Note: different letters indicate significant differences.
Claims (7)
1. A method for improving soluble dietary fiber in lotus root juice by the combined action of ultrahigh pressure and biological enzyme specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Crushing fresh rhizoma Nelumbinis, squeezing to obtain solid residue, centrifuging liquid at 4000r/min for 10min, and collecting supernatant to obtain primarily squeezed rhizoma Nelumbinis juice;
2) Mixing the lotus root residue obtained in the step 1) with lotus root juice with the mass of 1-5 times of that of the lotus root residue;
3) Adding 0.4 to 1.0 mass percent of protease and 0.8 to 2.0 mass percent of alpha-amylase into the mixed slurry obtained in the step 2);
4) Treating the juice, residue and enzyme mixed system obtained in the step 3) for 5-30 min at the temperature of 20-50 ℃ and under the pressure of 200-500 MPa;
5) And 4) centrifuging the mixed system obtained in the step 4) at 4000r/min to obtain supernatant which is soluble dietary fiber enriched lotus root juice.
2. The method for improving the soluble dietary fiber in the lotus root juice according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the lotus root residue in the step 2) to the lotus root juice is preferably 1: 3-1: 5.
3. The method for improving the soluble dietary fiber in the lotus root juice according to claim 1, wherein the protease mass fraction in the step 3) is preferably 0.6-0.8%, and the alpha-amylase mass fraction is preferably 1.6-2.0%.
4. The method for improving the soluble dietary fiber in lotus root juice according to claim 1, wherein the preferable pressure in the step 4) is 300-500 MPa.
5. The method for improving the soluble dietary fiber in lotus root juice according to claim 1, wherein the preferable temperature of the step 4) is 30-50 ℃.
6. The method for improving the soluble dietary fiber in lotus root juice according to claim 1, wherein the preferable time of the step 5) is 15-25 min.
7. The supernatant obtained in the step 5) of claim 1 is lotus root juice rich in soluble dietary fiber, the content of the soluble dietary fiber of the lotus root juice is 1.60-2.32 times of that of the lotus root juice obtained in the step 1), and the soluble solid content is increased by 0.5-1.8 Brix.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103445187A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-18 | 华中农业大学 | Preparation method of soluble dietary fiber prepared from lotus rhizome nodes |
| CN103652726A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江一派食品有限公司 | Lotus root starch manufacturing technology based on complete utilization of lotus root |
| CN105831775A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for improving soluble meal fiber content of lotus rhizome slag |
| CN106834256A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 四川新华扬山野生物有限公司 | A kind of lotus root juice processing complex enzyme and lotus root juice processing method |
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2021
- 2021-09-26 CN CN202111132241.8A patent/CN115868585A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103445187A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-18 | 华中农业大学 | Preparation method of soluble dietary fiber prepared from lotus rhizome nodes |
| CN103652726A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江一派食品有限公司 | Lotus root starch manufacturing technology based on complete utilization of lotus root |
| CN105831775A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for improving soluble meal fiber content of lotus rhizome slag |
| CN106834256A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 四川新华扬山野生物有限公司 | A kind of lotus root juice processing complex enzyme and lotus root juice processing method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 涂宗财;林德荣;刘成梅;刘光宪;王辉;豆玉新;郑明;: "高品质可溶性膳食纤维的制备工艺研究", 食品工业科技, no. 10, pages 149 - 152 * |
| 赵丽霞;管函;朱江;秦保国;秦卫国;: "酶解及瞬时超高压法提取姜渣食用纤维素", 江西化工, no. 01, pages 50 - 54 * |
| 顾艳阳: "超高压处理对莲藕膳食纤维理化性质、降糖功效的影响及应用研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》, no. 08, pages 39 - 40 * |
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