CN115852238A - Low-cost manufacturing method of super austenitic stainless steel bar - Google Patents
Low-cost manufacturing method of super austenitic stainless steel bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN115852238A CN115852238A CN202111120047.8A CN202111120047A CN115852238A CN 115852238 A CN115852238 A CN 115852238A CN 202111120047 A CN202111120047 A CN 202111120047A CN 115852238 A CN115852238 A CN 115852238A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A low-cost manufacturing method of a super austenitic stainless steel bar comprises the following process flows: electric furnace smelting → AOD refining → LF refining → continuous casting → cutting → heating → rolling → solid solution heat treatment, the super austenitic stainless steel bar is produced by adopting the vertical continuous casting process, compared with the traditional die casting process, the solidification segregation of the casting blank is greatly improved, the structure is uniform, the internal and surface quality of the continuous casting blank is good, the yield of the produced bar is obviously improved, and the production cost is reduced; and the continuous casting billet can be directly used as a billet rolled by a bar due to good quality after flame cutting, thereby saving the rolling cogging and the subsequent finishing process, further improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cost. And moreover, a small-specification bar can be obtained through one-time rolling, the diameter of the bar can be as small as 14mm, the conventional intermediate cogging process is omitted, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of austenitic stainless steel processing, and particularly relates to a low-cost manufacturing method of a super austenitic stainless steel bar.
Background
With the increasingly harsh working conditions of equipment in modern industries, particularly in the industries of energy and chemical industry, waste gas treatment, petroleum refining and the like, the super austenitic stainless steel with higher contents of Cr, mo, ni and N is rapidly developed, and the typical representative steel type of the super austenitic stainless steel is S31254 or N08367 super stainless steel.
At present, the super austenitic stainless steel bar is smelted in a Vacuum Induction (VIM) or electric furnace + AOD + LF mode, an electrode or an ingot is cast, rolling or forging cogging is carried out, and bar rolling is finally completed on a bar rolling mill. In addition, the adoption of the process has the defects that the quality of die casting electrodes or cast ingots is not high, and on one hand, deeper shrinkage cavities exist; on the other hand, the cast structure of the cast ingot has poor plasticity, the cast ingot is easy to crack during rolling and cogging, and the yield of the bar produced by the process is low, so that the production cost of the product is high. If the thermoplasticity is desired to be improved, the electrode or ingot can be electroslag remelted or vacuum consumable, further increasing the manufacturing cycle time and production cost.
Chinese patent CN108866419A discloses 'a high-strength high-corrosion-resistance austenitic stainless steel and a manufacturing method thereof', a smelting method of the austenitic stainless steel adopts an intermediate frequency furnace and an AOD furnace or adopts an electric arc furnace and a VOD furnace, a casting method is a die casting, and cast ingots of the austenitic stainless steel have the problems of deep shrinkage cavity and poor thermoplasticity.
Chinese patent CN201110232973.4 discloses a process for manufacturing super austenitic stainless steel tube, wherein a steel ingot is forged into a tube blank after electroslag remelting, and the process for electroslag remelting and forging is adopted in the patent, so that the production cost is high.
Chinese patent CN107058905A discloses 'super austenitic stainless steel and a preparation method thereof', wherein smelting and continuous casting processes of a Consteel electric furnace, an intermediate frequency furnace, an AOD furnace and an LF furnace are adopted to produce a super austenitic stainless steel continuous casting blank, and the super austenitic stainless steel prepared by the patent has thicker thickness specification of a plate blank produced at lower continuous casting pulling speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-cost manufacturing method of a super austenitic stainless steel bar, which greatly improves the yield, reduces the production procedures, shortens the production period and reduces the production cost on the premise that the corrosion resistance and the room-temperature mechanical property of the prepared super austenitic stainless steel reach the same level compared with the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-cost manufacturing method of a super austenitic stainless steel bar comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting of
According to the chemical components of the super austenitic stainless steel, electric furnace smelting, AOD refining and LF refining are carried out;
2) Continuous casting
Vertically and continuously casting the mixture into a continuous casting billet with the thickness of 100-200 mm, controlling the superheat degree of a tundish to be less than 50 ℃, and controlling the continuous casting drawing speed to be 0.5-2.0 m/min;
3) Cutting of
Cutting the continuous casting billet into a square billet with the specification of 100-200 mm by adopting a flame cutting mode;
4) Heating is carried out
The square billet is put into a stepping heating furnace to be heated, and the heating temperature is 1100-1200 ℃;
5) Rolling of
Rolling the heated billet into a bar with the diameter of 14-120 mm by adopting one-time rolling, wherein the finish rolling temperature is 920-1020 ℃;
6) Solution heat treatment
The temperature of the solid solution heat treatment is 1100-1180 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2), the gas curtain retaining wall of the tundish is protected by argon, and the flow rate of the argon is 10 to 80L/min.
Preferably, in the step 2), the electromagnetic stirring current is 500-1000A, the electromagnetic stirring period is 5-10 s, and the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 2.0-3.5 Hz.
Further, the super austenitic stainless steel is S31254 super stainless steel or N08367 super stainless steel.
Further, the S31254 super stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.02 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.80 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, and the weight ratio of Cr:19.5 to 20.5%, ni:17.5 to 18.5, mo:6.0 to 6.5%, cu:0.50 to 1.00%, N:0.18 to 0.25 percent, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities.
Further, the chemical compositions in percentage by weight of the N08367 super stainless steel are as follows: less than or equal to 0.03 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Si, less than or equal to 2.00 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.040 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, cr:20.0 to 22.0%, ni:23.5 to 25.5, mo: 6.0-7.0%, cu is less than or equal to 0.75%, N:0.18 to 0.25 percent, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities.
Preferably, in the step 2), the mold flux used for continuous casting comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 ：29.5～33.5％，CaO：20.3～24.3％，MgO：2.5～6.5％，Al 2 O 3 ：5.9～9.9％，Na 2 O：12.4～16.4％，F：10.5～14.5％。
The tensile strength of the bar is 750-850 MPa, the yield strength is 350-450 MPa, and the pitting corrosion rate is less than 0.0001g/cm 2 。
The process design of the invention comprises the following steps:
the method is characterized by smelting according to the component requirements of the super austenitic stainless steel, then carrying out vertical continuous casting, wherein the vertical continuous casting adopts a vertical structure design, and has no slab arc section, thus being beneficial to floating of impurities in molten steel, avoiding accumulation of impurities in a casting blank on an inner arc surface during arc continuous casting, greatly improving solidification segregation of the produced casting blank, and having good tissue uniformity and symmetry; the casting blank is not affected by external forces such as bending, straightening and the like in the solidification process and in the casting machine, the internal and surface quality of the casting blank does not have crack defects caused by mechanical stress, and the problems of shrinkage cavity and rolling cracking of the die casting blank are avoided because the hydrostatic pressure of molten steel is higher and the solidification feeding is easy, so that the comprehensive yield is greatly improved, and the production cost is reduced.
The invention carries out process optimization on the basis of the original thick-specification continuous casting process, adopts the gas curtain retaining wall to protect casting in the vertical continuous casting process, adopts argon protection, controls the argon flow at 10-80L/min, controls the electromagnetic stirring parameters, adopts more proper continuous casting slag aiming at different steel components, ensures the stability of the continuous casting process, improves the continuous casting speed to 0.5-2.0 m/min, and obtains the continuous casting billet with good internal quality and thinner thickness. Because the thin-specification continuous casting billet has good internal and surface quality, the billet cut by flame can be directly made into a bar, the condition of cogging and cracking of cast ingot in rolling can be avoided, the cogging and subsequent finishing procedures in rolling are omitted, the production flow is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
The invention improves the continuous casting drawing speed to 0.5-2 m/min, can obtain the continuous casting billet with thinner thickness, the thickness of the continuous casting billet is 100-200 mm, if the specification of the billet is overlarge, an intermediate cogging process is needed to be added for producing small-specification bars. The thin-specification continuous casting billet obtained by the invention has good internal and surface quality, and can be rolled once to obtain a small-specification bar with the minimum diameter of 14mm. The conventional continuous casting billets for producing hot rolled plates have a relatively large continuous casting thickness requirement due to the requirement of a compression ratio. The whole section of the bar is reduced by rolling, and the deformation of the bar is greatly increased compared with that of the plate, so that the thickness of the continuous casting blank can be greatly reduced. On the other hand, the production efficiency is greatly improved by improving the pulling speed.
The cut square billet is put into a stepping heating furnace to be heated, the heating temperature is controlled to be 1100-1200 ℃, the bar with the diameter of 14-120 mm is hot rolled on a high alloy bar mill, the rolling specification range is wide, the production efficiency is high, the finishing temperature is controlled to be 920-1020 ℃, the lower deformation resistance and the good hot processing thermoplasticity are ensured when the super austenitic stainless steel is rolled, the cracking in the rolling process is avoided, and the high yield is ensured.
And finally carrying out solution heat treatment on the hot rolled bar, wherein the temperature of the solution heat treatment is controlled to be 1100-1180 ℃, and the hot rolled bar can obtain good recrystallization texture and performance in the temperature range. The tensile strength of the bar obtained by the invention is 750-850 MPa, the yield strength is 350-450 MPa, and the pitting corrosion rate is less than 0.0001g/cm 2 。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the traditional die casting process, the method for producing the super austenitic stainless steel bar by adopting the vertical continuous casting process has the advantages that the continuous casting blank is not bent or straightened and deformed in the whole solidification process, so that any bending and straightening strain stress of a solid-liquid interface is eliminated, the solidification segregation of the produced casting blank is greatly improved, the structure is uniform, the internal and surface quality of the continuous casting blank is greatly improved, the subsequent treatment process is combined, the yield of the produced bar is improved to more than 70 percent, the highest yield of the produced bar in the prior art is only 60 percent, and compared with the prior art, the method for producing the super austenitic stainless steel bar obviously improves the yield and reduces the production cost. The continuous casting billet can be directly used as a billet for rolling the bar after flame cutting, thereby saving the rolling cogging and subsequent finishing processes, avoiding the situation of cogging and cracking of the cast ingot in the rolling process, improving the production efficiency and further reducing the production cost.
2. In the vertical continuous casting process, the gas curtain retaining wall is adopted for protecting casting, argon is adopted for protection, the flow of argon is controlled to be 10-80L/min, the control of electromagnetic stirring parameters is combined, more proper continuous casting slag is adopted for different steel components, the stability of the continuous casting process is ensured, the continuous casting pulling speed is improved to 0.5-2.0 m/min, a thin continuous casting blank with good quality is obtained, a small-specification bar can be obtained through one-time rolling, the diameter of the bar can be as small as 14mm, the conventional intermediate cogging process is omitted, and the production efficiency is greatly improved. The existing die casting process for rolling the small-size bar materials needs to roll the small-size bar materials by multiple times of heating.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The technical process adopted by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: electric furnace smelting → AOD refining → LF refining → continuous casting → cutting → heating → rolling → solution heat treatment.
Table 1 shows the process parameters of the examples of the invention, and Table 2 shows the product performance and yield of the examples of the invention.
The comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 respectively adopt S31254 super stainless steel and N08367 super stainless steel to carry out batching, adopt an electric furnace + AOD + LF mode to smelt, die cast ingot, then carry out rolling cogging, finally finish bar rolling on a bar rolling mill, and the product performance and the yield are shown in Table 2.
As can be seen from the comparison of Table 2, compared with comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, the corrosion resistance and the room temperature mechanical property of the super austenitic stainless steel obtained by the method are equivalent to those of the comparative example, but the yield is improved to more than 70%; in addition, the production process is less, the production period is shorter, and the production cost is reduced, so that the manufacturing method has the characteristics of low cost and high efficiency.
Claims (8)
1. A low-cost manufacturing method of a super austenitic stainless steel bar comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting
According to the chemical components of the super austenitic stainless steel, electric furnace smelting, AOD refining and LF refining are carried out;
2) Continuous casting
Vertically and continuously casting the mixture into a continuous casting billet with the thickness of 100-200 mm, controlling the superheat degree of a tundish to be less than 50 ℃, and controlling the continuous casting drawing speed to be 0.5-2.0 m/min;
3) Cutting of
Cutting the continuous casting billet into a square billet with the specification of 100-200 mm by adopting a flame cutting mode;
4) Heating of
The square billet is put into a stepping heating furnace to be heated, and the heating temperature is 1100-1200 ℃;
5) Rolling of
Rolling the heated billet into a bar with the diameter of 14-120 mm by adopting one-time rolling, wherein the finish rolling temperature is 920-1020 ℃;
6) Solution heat treatment
The temperature of the solution heat treatment is 1100-1180 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the tundish gas curtain wall is protected by argon gas, and the flow rate of argon gas is 10-80L/min.
3. The method for producing a super austenitic stainless steel bar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 2), the electromagnetic stirring current is 500 to 1000A, the electromagnetic stirring period is 5 to 10s, and the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 2.0 to 3.5Hz.
4. The method of low cost manufacturing of a super austenitic stainless steel bar according to claim 1, wherein the super austenitic stainless steel is S31254 super stainless steel or N08367 super stainless steel.
5. The method of low cost manufacturing of super austenitic stainless steel bar according to claim 4, wherein the S31254 super stainless steel comprises the following chemical components by weight: less than or equal to 0.02 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.80 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, and the weight ratio of Cr:19.5 to 20.5%, ni:17.5 to 18.5, mo:6.0 to 6.5%, cu:0.50 to 1.00%, N:0.18 to 0.25 percent, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities.
6. The method of low cost manufacturing of a bar of a superaustenitic stainless steel according to claim 4, wherein the chemical composition of said N08367 superaustenitic steel is, in weight percent: less than or equal to 0.03 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Si, less than or equal to 2.00 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.040 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the weight ratio of Cr:20.0 to 22.0%, ni:23.5 to 25.5, mo: 6.0-7.0%, cu is less than or equal to 0.75%, N:0.18 to 0.25 percent, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities.
7. The method for producing a super austenitic stainless steel bar according to any of claims 4 to 6, wherein in the step 2), the chemical composition of the mold flux for continuous casting is as follows: siO 2 2 ：29.5～33.5％，CaO：20.3～24.3％，MgO：2.5～6.5％，Al 2 O 3 ：5.9～9.9％，Na 2 O：12.4～16.4％，F：10.5～14.5％。
8. The method of low cost manufacturing of a super austenitic stainless steel bar according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bar has a tensile strength of 750 to 850MPa, a yield strength of 350 to 450MPa, a pitting corrosion rate < 0.0001g/cm 2 。
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102899582A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-01-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High strength nickel base corrosion resistance alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| US20150144290A1 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2015-05-28 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ROUND BILLET OF Ni-CONTAINING HIGH ALLOY HAVING IMPROVED INTERNAL QUALITY |
| CN107058905A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-08-18 | 振石集团东方特钢有限公司 | A kind of super austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN110565012A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江青山钢铁有限公司 | Continuous casting manufacturing method of ultra-high chromium ferrite stainless steel |
| CN112981276A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-18 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | Heat-resistant austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113215503A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏申源集团有限公司 | Preparation process of high-strength high-toughness 316LF stainless steel |
-
2021
- 2021-09-24 CN CN202111120047.8A patent/CN115852238A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102899582A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-01-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High strength nickel base corrosion resistance alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| US20150144290A1 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2015-05-28 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ROUND BILLET OF Ni-CONTAINING HIGH ALLOY HAVING IMPROVED INTERNAL QUALITY |
| CN107058905A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-08-18 | 振石集团东方特钢有限公司 | A kind of super austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN110565012A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江青山钢铁有限公司 | Continuous casting manufacturing method of ultra-high chromium ferrite stainless steel |
| CN112981276A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-18 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | Heat-resistant austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113215503A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏申源集团有限公司 | Preparation process of high-strength high-toughness 316LF stainless steel |
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