CN115852106A - Spheroidizing annealing method for medium-low carbon alloy cold heading steel - Google Patents
Spheroidizing annealing method for medium-low carbon alloy cold heading steel Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001035 Soft ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种中低碳合金冷镦钢的球化退火方法，中低碳合金冷镦钢经酸洗、磷化及皂化处理后进行拉拔变形，经冷拉拔的线材进行球化退火处理，将线材加热至700‑720℃，保温6h，再以5‑10℃/h的速率冷却至680℃，然后再以100℃/h的速率冷却至250‑300℃后保温2h，然后球化后的合金钢丝缓冷后出炉。其通过改进球化退火工艺，得到适度粗化的碳化物粒子分布状态，材料强度降低，塑性增加，综合力学性能显著改善。球化退火后的中低碳合金冷镦钢球化组织良好，不会在后续冷镦过程中开裂；具有工艺简单、效果好等特点。通过控制冷却和温度速度，改变了钢中球化后碳化物颗粒的分布状况，使其更均匀的分布于基体中，分布于晶粒内部，减少碳化物在晶界处的偏聚，从而增强塑性。The invention relates to a method for spheroidizing annealing of medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel. The medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel is subjected to drawing deformation after pickling, phosphating and saponification treatment, and the cold drawn wire is subjected to spheroidizing annealing. For processing, heat the wire to 700-720°C, keep it warm for 6 hours, then cool it to 680°C at a rate of 5-10°C/h, then cool it to 250-300°C at a rate of 100°C/h, keep it warm for 2 hours, and then ball The melted alloy steel wire is slowly cooled and released from the furnace. By improving the spheroidizing annealing process, a moderately coarsened carbide particle distribution state is obtained, the material strength is reduced, the plasticity is increased, and the comprehensive mechanical properties are significantly improved. The spheroidized low-carbon alloy cold heading steel after spheroidizing annealing has a good spheroidized structure and will not crack in the subsequent cold heading process; it has the characteristics of simple process and good effect. By controlling the cooling and temperature speed, the distribution of carbide particles after spheroidization in the steel is changed, so that they are more evenly distributed in the matrix and inside the grains, reducing the segregation of carbides at the grain boundaries, thereby enhancing plasticity.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及球化退火技术领域，尤其是涉及一种中低碳合金冷镦钢的球化退火方法。The invention relates to the technical field of spheroidizing annealing, in particular to a method for spheroidizing annealing of medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel.
背景技术Background technique
球化退火是使钢中碳化物球化而进行的退火，得到在铁素体基体上均匀分布的球状或颗粒状碳化物的组织。球化退火主要用于共析钢和过共析钢，以获得类似粒状珠光体的球化组织(因不—定是共析成分，故称为球化组织)，从而降低硬度，改善切削加工性能，并为淬火做组织准备。球化组织不仅比片状组织有更好的塑性和韧性，而且硬度稍低。在切削加工具有球化组织的工件时，刀具可以避免切割硬而脆的渗碳体，而在软的铁素体中通过，因而延长了刀具的使用寿命，提高了钢的切削加工性。Spheroidizing annealing is an annealing to spheroidize carbides in steel to obtain a structure of spherical or granular carbides uniformly distributed on the ferrite matrix. Spheroidizing annealing is mainly used for eutectoid steel and hypereutectoid steel to obtain a spheroidized structure similar to granular pearlite (because it is not necessarily a eutectoid component, so it is called a spheroidized structure), thereby reducing hardness and improving cutting processing properties, and prepare the tissue for quenching. The spheroidized structure not only has better plasticity and toughness than the lamellar structure, but also has a slightly lower hardness. When cutting workpieces with spheroidized structures, the tool can avoid cutting hard and brittle cementite, and pass through soft ferrite, thus prolonging the service life of the tool and improving the machinability of steel.
现有的技术中，生产8.8级及其以上高强度标准件的原材料通常为热轧态的中碳钢或中低碳合金冷镦钢，在标准件的冷镦工艺生产过程中，原材料往往需要承受较大的总变形量，这就要求原材料具有良好的塑性和尽可能低的硬度。而热轧态的冷镦钢盘条的室温组织为有较高强度和硬度的铁素体和片状珠光体组织，这将不利于标准件冷镦加工过程的进行，容易导致冷镦开裂，降低原料的利用率。In the existing technology, the raw materials for producing high-strength standard parts of grade 8.8 and above are usually hot-rolled medium carbon steel or medium-low carbon alloy cold heading steel. During the production process of standard parts cold heading process, raw materials often need To withstand a large amount of total deformation, this requires the raw material to have good plasticity and as low a hardness as possible. However, the room temperature structure of the hot-rolled cold heading steel wire rod is a ferrite and lamellar pearlite structure with high strength and hardness, which will not be conducive to the cold heading process of standard parts, and will easily lead to cold heading cracking. Reduce the utilization rate of raw materials.
在线材改制过程中，需在冷拉拔后进行球化退火处理，以降低硬度，提升塑性，提高可加工性能。采用现有球化退火工艺得到的产品，强度偏高，塑性偏低，其冷成形件也存在硬度偏高等质量问题。In the process of wire rod reformation, spheroidizing annealing treatment is required after cold drawing to reduce hardness, improve plasticity and improve machinability. The products obtained by the existing spheroidizing annealing process have high strength and low plasticity, and the cold formed parts also have quality problems such as high hardness.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种中低碳合金冷镦钢的球化退火方法，其通过改进球化退火工艺，得到适度粗化的碳化物粒子分布状态，材料强度降低，塑性增加，综合力学性能显著改善。In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for spheroidizing annealing of medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steels, which can obtain moderately coarsened carbide particle distribution state and material strength by improving the spheroidizing annealing process. Reduced, increased plasticity, significantly improved comprehensive mechanical properties.
本发明的上述发明目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：Above-mentioned purpose of the invention of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种中低碳合金冷镦钢的球化退火方法，所述中低碳合金冷镦钢经酸洗、磷化及皂化处理后进行拉拔变形，经冷拉拔的线材进行球化退火处理，将线材加热至700-720℃，保温6h，再以5-10℃/h的速率冷却至680℃，然后再以100℃/h的速率冷却至250-300℃后保温2h，然后球化后的合金钢丝缓冷后出炉。A method for spheroidizing annealing of medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel, wherein the medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel is subjected to drawing deformation after pickling, phosphating and saponification treatment, and the cold drawn wire rod is subjected to spheroidizing annealing treatment , heat the wire to 700-720°C, keep it warm for 6 hours, then cool it to 680°C at a rate of 5-10°C/h, then cool it to 250-300°C at a rate of 100°C/h, keep it warm for 2 hours, and then spheroidize The final alloy steel wire is slowly cooled and released from the furnace.
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述经冷拉拔的线材的直径在5.5-15mm。In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the diameter of the cold-drawn wire is 5.5-15mm.
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述中低碳合金冷镦钢的化学成分及重量百分含量为：C 0.12％-0.22％、Si 0.15％-0.32％、Mn0.24％-0.55％，Cr≤0.20％，P≤0.03％，S≤0.05％，AI≤0.06％，Ni≤0.25％，Cu≤0.20％，其余为Fe和杂质元素。In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the chemical composition and weight percentage of the medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel are: C 0.12%-0.22%, Si 0.15%-0.32%, Mn0.24% -0.55%, Cr≤0.20%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.05%, AI≤0.06%, Ni≤0.25%, Cu≤0.20%, and the rest are Fe and impurity elements.
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述拉拔变形的步骤中，冷拉拔变形一或两个道次。In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as: in the step of drawing deformation, one or two passes of cold drawing deformation.
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：在进行球化退火处理时，通入氮气，同时打开排气阀，随炉升温至750-780℃，升温时间为150min；中低碳合金冷镦钢在球化退火炉内700-720℃保温6h，恒温过程中向球化退火炉内输送保护气氛。In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: when performing spheroidizing annealing treatment, nitrogen gas is introduced, and the exhaust valve is opened at the same time, and the temperature is raised to 750-780°C with the furnace, and the heating time is 150min; Upsetting steel is kept in the spheroidizing annealing furnace at 700-720°C for 6 hours, and the protective atmosphere is sent to the spheroidizing annealing furnace during the constant temperature process.
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述氮气输送的流速调节范围为25-30m3/h。In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the flow rate adjustment range of the nitrogen delivery is 25-30m 3 /h.
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述保护气氛的流速调节范围为12-18m3/h。In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the flow rate of the protective atmosphere can be adjusted within a range of 12-18 m 3 /h.
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述保护气氛为甲醇高温裂解气，或者天然气催化分解气。In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the protective atmosphere is high-temperature pyrolysis gas of methanol, or catalytic decomposition gas of natural gas.
综上所述，本发明包括以下至少一种有益技术效果：In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
本发明公开了一种中低碳合金冷镦钢的球化退火方法，其通过改进球化退火工艺，得到适度粗化的碳化物粒子分布状态，材料强度降低，塑性增加，综合力学性能显著改善。球化退火后的中低碳合金冷镦钢球化组织良好，不会在后续冷镦过程中开裂；具有工艺简单、效果好等特点。通过控制冷却和温度速度，改变了钢中球化后碳化物颗粒的分布状况，使其更均匀的分布于基体中，分布于晶粒内部，减少碳化物在晶界处的偏聚，从而增强塑性。The invention discloses a spheroidizing annealing method for medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel. By improving the spheroidizing annealing process, a moderately coarsened carbide particle distribution state is obtained, the material strength is reduced, the plasticity is increased, and the comprehensive mechanical properties are significantly improved. . The spheroidized low-carbon alloy cold heading steel after spheroidizing annealing has good spheroidizing structure and will not crack in the subsequent cold heading process; it has the characteristics of simple process and good effect. By controlling the cooling and temperature speed, the distribution of carbide particles after spheroidization in the steel is changed, so that they are more evenly distributed in the matrix and inside the grains, reducing the segregation of carbides at the grain boundaries, thereby enhancing plasticity.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述；显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the application; obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, not all of them, based on The embodiments in the present application and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.
实施例一：Embodiment one:
本发明公开了一种中低碳合金冷镦钢的球化退火方法，中低碳合金冷镦钢经酸洗、磷化及皂化处理后进行拉拔变形，经冷拉拔的线材进行球化退火处理，将线材加热至700-720℃，保温6h，再以5-10℃/h的速率冷却至680℃，然后再以100℃/h的速率冷却至250-300℃后保温2h，然后球化后的合金钢丝缓冷后出炉。经冷拉拔的线材的直径在5.5-15mm。The invention discloses a spheroidizing annealing method for a medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel. The medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel is subjected to drawing deformation after pickling, phosphating and saponification treatment, and the cold drawn wire is spheroidized. Annealing treatment, heat the wire to 700-720°C, keep it warm for 6h, then cool it to 680°C at a rate of 5-10°C/h, then cool it to 250-300°C at a rate of 100°C/h, keep it warm for 2h, then The spheroidized alloy steel wire is slowly cooled and released from the furnace. The diameter of the cold-drawn wire is 5.5-15mm.
中低碳合金冷镦钢的化学成分及重量百分含量为：C 0.12％-0.22％、Si 0.15％-0.32％、Mn0.24％-0.55％，Cr≤0.20％，P≤0.03％，S≤0.05％，AI≤0.06％，Ni≤0.25％，Cu≤0.20％，其余为Fe和杂质元素。The chemical composition and weight percentage of medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel are: C 0.12%-0.22%, Si 0.15%-0.32%, Mn0.24%-0.55%, Cr≤0.20%, P≤0.03%, S ≤0.05%, AI≤0.06%, Ni≤0.25%, Cu≤0.20%, and the rest are Fe and impurity elements.
拉拔变形的步骤中，冷拉拔变形一或两个道次。在进行球化退火处理时，通入氮气，同时打开排气阀，随炉升温至750-780℃，升温时间为150min；中低碳合金冷镦钢在球化退火炉内700-720℃保温6h，恒温过程中向球化退火炉内输送保护气氛。氮气输送的流速调节范围为25-30m3/h。保护气氛的流速调节范围为12-18m3/h。保护气氛为甲醇高温裂解气，或者天然气催化分解气。In the step of drawing and deformation, one or two passes of cold drawing and deformation are carried out. During the spheroidizing annealing treatment, nitrogen gas is introduced, and the exhaust valve is opened at the same time, and the temperature is raised to 750-780°C with the furnace, and the heating time is 150min; the medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel is kept at 700-720°C in the spheroidizing annealing furnace 6h, the protective atmosphere is delivered to the spheroidizing annealing furnace during the constant temperature process. The flow rate adjustment range of nitrogen delivery is 25-30m3/h. The flow rate adjustment range of the protective atmosphere is 12-18m3/h. The protective atmosphere is high-temperature pyrolysis gas of methanol, or catalytic decomposition gas of natural gas.
工艺改进前大量细小颗粒状碳化物沿块状铁素体晶界呈聚集、粘连分布，晶内碳化物粒子极少。其分布位置与原珠光体所在区域高度对应，表明虽经球化退火，原片层珠光体形貌消失，转变为细粒状珠光体，但碳化物粒子并未实现弥散析出。由于粒子在晶界聚集，弱化晶界，对球化退火不利。横向碳化物堆积是导致退火硬度偏高的一个重要原因。工艺改进后，碳化物晶界偏聚现象基本消失，总体弥散度提高，且部分粒子实现了粗化长大，球化效果较好。Before the process improvement, a large number of fine granular carbides were aggregated and cohesively distributed along the massive ferrite grain boundaries, and there were very few carbide particles in the grains. Its distribution position corresponds to the height of the area where the original pearlite is located, indicating that although the morphology of the original lamellar pearlite disappears after spheroidizing and annealing, it transforms into fine-grained pearlite, but the carbide particles do not achieve dispersed precipitation. Since the particles gather at the grain boundary and weaken the grain boundary, it is not good for spheroidizing annealing. Lateral carbide accumulation is an important reason for the high annealed hardness. After the process is improved, the carbide grain boundary segregation phenomenon basically disappears, the overall dispersion is improved, and some particles are coarsened and grown, and the spheroidization effect is better.
工艺改进前后中低碳合金冷镦钢力学性能对比结果如表1所示。Table 1 shows the comparison results of mechanical properties of medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel before and after process improvement.
分析可知，工艺改进后，中低碳合金冷镦钢的抗拉强度由385MPa降低至335MPa，断后伸长率保持不变，但断面收缩率由73％增加至82％。这表明经工艺改进后，材料强度降低，塑性增加，综合力学性能更优。The analysis shows that after the process improvement, the tensile strength of the medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel decreases from 385MPa to 335MPa, and the elongation after fracture remains unchanged, but the reduction of area increases from 73% to 82%. This shows that after the process is improved, the strength of the material is reduced, the plasticity is increased, and the comprehensive mechanical properties are better.
球化退火工艺的关键是在Ac1以上20-30℃加热保温，使材料实现部分奥氏体化，且奥氏体中保留有大量未溶的碳化物质点，在随后的冷却过程中能够以这些未溶质点为核心重新析出碳化物，并发生聚集长大，从而实现碳化物的球化。The key to the spheroidizing annealing process is to heat and keep warm at 20-30°C above Ac1, so that the material can be partially austenitized, and a large number of undissolved carbide points remain in the austenite, which can be used in the subsequent cooling process. The undissolved particles act as the core to re-precipitate carbides, and aggregate and grow, so as to realize the spheroidization of carbides.
工艺改进前，采用常规一段式球化退火，由于冷却速度及保温时间等因素，奥氏体化后碳元素未能在基体中实现充分扩散，导致在冷却过程中无法以未溶质点为核心充分析出。工艺改进后，原保温段在温度基本不变的前提下，将保温时间由原10h缩短为6h，并在极其缓慢的冷却速度下逐步降温至约680℃。对于中低碳合金冷镦钢，其Ar1＝680℃，因此，在缓慢冷却降温的过程中，材料基本处于奥氏体区间，几乎不发生珠光体型转变，但由于温度逐步降低，碳在基体中扩散的同时，碳化物的溶度积也呈下降趋势，有利于随后冷却过程中第二相粒子的析出。之后，以相对较快的速度冷却至250-300℃并保温2h，类似于低温回火时效工艺。新的碳化物能够在该温度区间析出，且已经析出的碳化物实现部分聚集、粗化，呈细小颗粒均匀、弥散分布的状态。Before the process improvement, conventional one-stage spheroidizing annealing was adopted. Due to factors such as cooling speed and holding time, the carbon element could not fully diffuse in the matrix after austenitization, resulting in the inability to fully diffuse the undissolved particles as the core during the cooling process. Precipitate. After the process is improved, the temperature of the original heat preservation section is basically unchanged, and the heat preservation time is shortened from the original 10h to 6h, and the temperature is gradually lowered to about 680°C at an extremely slow cooling rate. For medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel, its Ar1=680°C. Therefore, during the slow cooling process, the material is basically in the austenite range, and the pearlite transformation hardly occurs, but due to the gradual decrease in temperature, the carbon in the matrix At the same time of diffusion, the solubility product of carbides also shows a downward trend, which is conducive to the precipitation of second phase particles in the subsequent cooling process. Afterwards, it is cooled to 250-300°C at a relatively fast speed and held for 2 hours, which is similar to the low-temperature tempering aging process. New carbides can be precipitated in this temperature range, and the carbides that have been precipitated are partially aggregated and coarsened, and are in a state of uniform and dispersed distribution of fine particles.
本实施例的实施原理为：本发明公开了一种中低碳合金冷镦钢的球化退火方法，其通过改进球化退火工艺，得到适度粗化的碳化物粒子分布状态，材料强度降低，塑性增加，综合力学性能显著改善。球化退火后的中低碳合金冷镦钢球化组织良好，不会在后续冷镦过程中开裂；具有工艺简单、效果好等特点。通过控制冷却和温度速度，改变了钢中球化后碳化物颗粒的分布状况，使其更均匀的分布于基体中，分布于晶粒内部，减少碳化物在晶界处的偏聚，从而增强塑性。The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: the present invention discloses a spheroidizing annealing method for medium and low carbon alloy cold heading steel. By improving the spheroidizing annealing process, a moderately coarsened carbide particle distribution state is obtained, and the material strength is reduced. The plasticity increases, and the comprehensive mechanical properties are significantly improved. The spheroidized low-carbon alloy cold heading steel after spheroidizing annealing has good spheroidizing structure and will not crack in the subsequent cold heading process; it has the characteristics of simple process and good effect. By controlling the cooling and temperature speed, the distribution of carbide particles after spheroidization in the steel is changed, so that they are more evenly distributed in the matrix and inside the grains, reducing the segregation of carbides at the grain boundaries, thereby enhancing plasticity.
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。The embodiments of this specific implementation mode are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention accordingly. Therefore: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. within the protection scope of the present invention.
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