CN115843679A - Breeding method of purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanidins - Google Patents
Breeding method of purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanidins Download PDFInfo
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- CN115843679A CN115843679A CN202310048055.9A CN202310048055A CN115843679A CN 115843679 A CN115843679 A CN 115843679A CN 202310048055 A CN202310048055 A CN 202310048055A CN 115843679 A CN115843679 A CN 115843679A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanidin, which uses blue wheat obtained by field selection of a self-bred variety 94 gamma-430 as a female parent; the purple wheat and the white wheat are hybridized and then processed 60 The mutant obtained after Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation is used as male parent to make hybridization, and the hybridized dry seed is passed through 60 And (3) performing hybrid generation screening, artificial seed screening and strain screening after the Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation to obtain the purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanins including pelargonidin, cyanidin, delphinidin, peoniflorin, morning glory anthocyanidin and malvidin, wherein the total anthocyanin content of the purple black wheat reaches 111.255 mg/kg.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wheat breeding, in particular to a breeding method of purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanidins.
Background
Wheat is one of the important grain crops in China, and the production of the wheat has important significance for guaranteeing national grain safety. With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the dietary structure is changed from a full-warm type to a nutritional type, a functional type and a health care type, and people have higher and higher requirements on high-quality, nutritional and healthy wheat products in the market. The breeding direction of wheat is also developed from high-yield variety to high-quality special variety, and the quality improvement of wheat is also being explored towards many new directions. The colored wheat seeds contain rich nutrient substances, such as starch, sugar, protein, natural pigment, trace elements and the like, and are ideal raw materials for preparing nutritional health-care food. The natural pigment in the colorful wheat grains is mainly anthocyanin pigment, and the anthocyanin is water-soluble pigment widely existing in plants, and has important physiological effects of eliminating in-vivo free radicals, improving the immunity of the organism, maintaining normal osmotic pressure, inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, improving myocardial nutrition and the like. The anthocyanin in the colored wheat grains is natural, safe and nontoxic, can be an important source for people to obtain antioxidant substances, and can also be used as a natural antioxidant to replace a chemically synthesized antioxidant to be applied to industries such as food, health care products, cosmetics, medicines and the like. The industrialization of the color wheat can greatly improve the added value of the wheat, improve the benefits of wheat farmers, and contribute to realizing the yield and income increase of the farmers, and the breeding and application of the color wheat has great development prospect and social and economic benefits.
Naturally occurring anthocyanins are known to be present in more than 250 species, and are present in 27 families and 73 genera of plants. There are 23 anthocyanidins identified, and 6 common in plants, namely pelargonidin (Pg), cyanidin (Cy), delphinidin (Dp), peoniflorin (Pn), morning glory pigment (Pt) and malvidin (Mv). At present, the colorful wheat contains less anthocyanin varieties, the wheat varieties which contain the anthocyanin of the 6 edible plants in the same variety are lacked, and the content of the anthocyanin is also lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of less types and low content of anthocyanin in colored wheat in the prior art, and provides a breeding method of purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanin.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a breeding method of purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanins comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a blue wheat strain 08 gamma-54 as a female parent and a purple wheat strain 05 gamma-485 as a male parent to perform hybridization to obtain hybrid seeds;
s2, subjecting the hybrid seeds in the S1 to 60 Performing Co gamma ray irradiation treatment to obtain M0 generation seeds;
s3, performing indoor fine sand seedling raising on the M0 generation seeds in the S2, transplanting the seeds into a field for planting when the M0 generation seeds grow to two leaves and one center to obtain an M1 generation, and threshing single ears;
s4, carrying out field selection on the M2 generation, selecting the ears with purple black grain colors, and threshing single ears;
s5, continuously carrying out field selection on the M3-M6 generations, and selecting and remaining purple black grains; the M7 generation is stable.
Preferably, the female parent in S1 is menses 60 The strain 94 gamma-54 is obtained by systematic breeding of blue wheat naturally obtained in the field from the variety 94 gamma-430 bred by Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation.
Preferably, the male parent in S1 is a hybrid dry seed warp of purple wheat and white wheat 60 After Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation, the purple wheat stable strain 05 gamma-485 is bred by 5 generation systems.
Preferably, said S2 hybrid seed is 60 Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation treatment.
Further preferably, in S5, the M3-M4 generation continues to perform field selection, ears with purple black grain color are selected, single ear threshing is performed, a blade is used for cutting and identifying the cross section of grains, and ears with color grains and a aleurone layer are selected and remained; planting the M4-M6 generation in field according to ear rows, selecting stable ear rows in field, numbering and harvesting, threshing single ear, and selecting purple black seeds.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention uses blue wheat obtained by selecting self-breeding variety 94 gamma-430 in the field as female parent, the purple wheat and high-quality white wheat are hybridized and passed through 60 The mutant obtained after Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation is used as male parent to make hybridization, and the hybridized dry seed is passed through 60 Performing hybrid generation screening, artificial seed screening and strain screening after the Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation to obtain the purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanins including pelargonium pigment, cyanidin, delphinium pigment, paeoniflorin, morning glory pigment and mallow pigment, wherein the content of each anthocyanin in the purple black wheat is very high, and the total anthocyanins content reaches 111.255 mg/kg.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a grain diagram of purple black wheat 14 gamma-z-22 cultivated in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a grain slice of purple black wheat 14 γ -z-22 cultivated in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1 Breeding method of purple-black wheat containing 6 kinds of edible anthocyanins
(1) Female parent: selecting warp 60 After Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation, breed variety 94 gamma-430, and strain 08 gamma- (54) obtained by systematic breeding of blue wheat naturally obtained in the field is used as female parent.
(2) Male parent: selecting dry seed warp of purple wheat and white wheat 60 The stable purple wheat strain 05 gamma-485 bred by 5 generation systems after Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation is used as a male parent. Purple wheat was supplied by southern Yangtze farm of Henan province; the white grain wheat is 93-109 by the plant protection institute of agricultural academy of Sichuan province.
(3) And (3) hybridization: removing male, bagging, pollinating, numbering and harvesting, and threshing single spike in time to obtain hybrid seeds.
(4) Irradiation treatment: subjecting the harvested hybrid dry seeds to 60 Co gamma-ray 20KR irradiation treatment to obtainM0 generation of seeds.
(5) Indoor seedling culture: and (5) carrying out indoor fine sand seedling culture on the M0 generation seeds.
(6) Transplanting: transplanting the M0 generation to a field for planting when the M0 generation grows to two leaves and one heart in the room.
(7) Harvesting all M1 generations, threshing single spike, numbering, bagging and storing.
(8) Screening hybridization generation: and (4) carrying out field selection on the M2 generation, selecting the ears with purple black seeds, and threshing the single ear.
(9) Generation screening: and (4) continuously selecting ears with purple black grain colors in the M3-M4 generation in the field, performing single ear threshing, cutting and identifying the cross section of the grains by using a blade, and selecting the ears with the colors of seed coats and aleurone layers. Planting the M4-M6 generation in field according to ear rows, selecting basically stable ear rows in field, numbering and harvesting, threshing single ear, manually removing kernels with different colors, and selecting and reserving basically consistent purple black kernels.
(10) Stabilizing into a series: the M7 generation stable mature line is named as purple black wheat 14 gamma-z-22. The appearance and microscopic section of the purple black wheat 14 gamma-z-22 are respectively shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and it is obvious from fig. 2 that the seed coat and the aleurone layer of the purple black wheat grain are distributed with high-content anthocyanin.
Example 2 anthocyanin detection of purple-black wheat 14 gamma-z-22 with other existing colored wheat varieties
The purple black wheat 14 gamma-z-22 obtained by the breeding in the example 1 and the existing colorful wheat (self-bred stable strain) such as brown wheat 19 gamma-z-24, brown wheat 19 gamma-z-26, blue wheat 20 gamma-z-15 and purple wheat 05 gamma-485 are sent to a cereal and product quality supervision and inspection testing center (Harbin) in the rural area for anthocyanin content detection by the NY/T2640-2014, and the contents of delphinidin, cyanidin, petuniachrome, pelargonidin, paeoniflorin and malvidin in the wheat samples are respectively detected. The detection results of the wheat samples are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 anthocyanin assay results for purple-black wheat and existing colored wheat varieties
The retrieved data in table 1 show that existing colored wheat, such as brown wheat 19 gamma-z-24, brown wheat 19 gamma-z-26, bluish gray wheat 20 gamma-z-15 and purple wheat 05 gamma-485, only contain part of the anthocyanin species, and the content of the anthocyanin species is low, and the total amount of the anthocyanin species is between 2.42 mg/kg and 39.6 mg/kg. The purple black wheat 14 gamma-z-22 obtained by the breeding method disclosed by the invention contains 6 kinds of anthocyanins, wherein the content of each of the anthocyanins is 29.8 mg/kg of delphinium pigment, 47.8 mg/kg of cornflower pigment, 12.8 mg/kg of petunia pigment, 0.815 mg/kg of pelargonium pigment, 17.3 mg/kg of paeoniflorin and 2.74 mg/kg of mallow pigment, the content of each of the anthocyanins is higher than that of the existing colored wheat, the content of the total anthocyanins is 111.255 mg/kg, and the content of the total anthocyanins is several times or ten times that of the total anthocyanins of the existing colored wheat.
The present specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and it is intended that all such alterations and modifications that come within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims be embraced thereby by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A breeding method of purple black wheat containing 6 edible anthocyanins is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a blue wheat strain 08 gamma-54 as a female parent and a purple wheat strain 05 gamma-485 as a male parent to perform hybridization to obtain hybrid seeds;
s2, subjecting the hybrid seeds in the S1 to 60 Performing Co gamma ray irradiation treatment to obtain M0 generation seeds;
s3, performing indoor fine sand seedling raising on the M0 generation seeds in the S2, transplanting the seeds into a field for planting when the M0 generation seeds grow to two leaves and one center to obtain an M1 generation, and threshing single ears;
s4, carrying out field selection on the M2 generation, selecting the ears with purple black grain colors, and threshing single ears;
s5, continuously carrying out field selection on the M3-M6 generation, and selecting and reserving purple black grains; the M7 generation is stable.
2. A breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the female parent in S1 is a menses 60 The variety 94 gamma-430 bred by Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation is the line 08 gamma-54 obtained by systematic breeding of blue wheat naturally obtained in the field.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S1 male parent is hybrid dry seed of purple wheat and white wheat 60 After Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation, the purple wheat strain 05 gamma-485 is bred by 5 generation systems.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S2 hybrid seed is selected from the group consisting of 60 Co gamma ray 20KR irradiation treatment.
5. A breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S5, M3-M4 generation field selection is continued, ear with purple black grain color is selected, single ear threshing is performed, and the cross section of the grain is identified by cutting with a blade, ear with color of seed coat and aleurone layer is selected; planting the M4-M6 generation in field according to ear rows, selecting stable ear rows in field, numbering and harvesting, threshing single ear, and selecting purple black seeds.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101049083A (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-10 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Method for breeding distinguished germ plasm of high-grade triticale rich in chrome |
| CN103583355A (en) * | 2013-10-05 | 2014-02-19 | 马士芳 | Method for cultivating high-yield purple wheat |
| CN106069729A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of selection of colorful wheat kind |
| CN106106133A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-16 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of selection of wide anti-colorful wheat kind |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101049083A (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-10 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Method for breeding distinguished germ plasm of high-grade triticale rich in chrome |
| CN103583355A (en) * | 2013-10-05 | 2014-02-19 | 马士芳 | Method for cultivating high-yield purple wheat |
| CN106069729A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-09 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of selection of colorful wheat kind |
| CN106106133A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-16 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of selection of wide anti-colorful wheat kind |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 孙群, 孙宝启: "黑粒小麦籽粒发育过程中籽粒色素含量动态变化", 中国农业科学, no. 04 * |
| 裴自友;温辉芹;任永康;王晋;: "蓝・紫粒小麦新品种(系)籽粒色素研究初报", 安徽农业科学, no. 09 * |
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