CN115841409B - Building construction fire escape guiding method, system, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Building construction fire escape guiding method, system, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of information, in particular to a building construction fire escape guiding method, system, equipment and medium. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a construction area of each floor into a plurality of subareas, wherein each subarea comprises a subarea range, an adjacent port position and a subarea risk degree score, and adding a building outlet position; acquiring a monitoring image of a construction area, and identifying smoke in the monitoring image; obtaining the position of smoke and updating the risk score of the subarea; the subareas which are needed to pass through from constructors to building exit positions form escape channels; taking the sum of all sub-region risk scores included in the escape channel as the risk score of the escape channel; exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and taking the escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal escape channel of the corresponding constructor. The beneficial technical effects of the invention include: the fire escape system can guide the building construction site to more scientifically and effectively escape from the fire, and reduce casualties caused by the fire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information, in particular to a building construction fire escape guiding method, system, equipment and medium.
Background
At present, when a fire disaster occurs in a building construction site, constructors can only determine a safety exit through a safety exit indication board arranged below a wall body and escape, but when the environment of the building construction site is complex, the constructors can not escape more effectively only through the safety exit indication board, and the constructors can not know the specific position of the area where the fire disaster occurs at the first time when the fire disaster occurs, so that the constructors can possibly enter the fire disaster area in a mistaken manner when the fire disaster occurs, an optimal escape route can not be planned well, and potential safety hazards exist. For this reason, it is necessary to study a fire escape guiding method capable of improving the efficiency and accuracy of the fire escape guiding to a building construction site.
As in chinese patent CN109785546a, publication date 2019, month 5 and 21, method, apparatus and storage medium for indicating fire escape, the method comprising: acquiring state information of each smoke sensor in the area, determining the spreading condition of the fire disaster according to the state information of each smoke sensor, and indicating the escaping direction of the fire disaster according to the spreading condition of the fire disaster. According to the method, the device and the storage medium for fire escape indication, the state information of each smoke sensor in the area is acquired in real time, the spreading condition of the fire is determined according to the state information of each smoke sensor, the direction of fire escape is indicated according to the spreading condition of the fire, the condition that escape personnel escape to the fire area is avoided, and the escape personnel can escape accurately according to the indication. But this technical scheme only utilizes smoke transducer to confirm the conflagration condition, and the accuracy is lower to guide personnel to flee through control escape pilot lamp, and the pilot lamp that flees indicates that effect is relatively poor under the smog that fires and conflagration produced, and this technical scheme does not solve the not good technical problem of conflagration escape guide effect of building job site.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the technology for effectively guiding fire escape in building construction sites is lacking at present. The method, the system, the equipment and the medium for guiding the fire escape in building construction are provided, so that the building construction site can be guided to more scientifically and effectively escape from the fire, and the casualties caused by the fire are reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the building construction fire escape guiding method comprises the following steps:
dividing a construction area of each floor into a plurality of subareas, wherein each subarea comprises a subarea range, an adjacent opening position and a subarea risk degree score, wherein the initial value of the subarea risk degree score is 0, and building outlet positions are added;
acquiring a monitoring image of a construction area, identifying smoke in the monitoring image, if the smoke is identified, entering a next step, and if the smoke is not identified, waiting for a preset time period and then re-executing the step;
obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the sub-region risk score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range;
the subareas which are needed to pass through from constructors to building exit positions form escape channels;
taking the sum of all sub-region risk scores included in the escape channel as the risk score of the escape channel;
exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and taking the escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal escape channel of the corresponding constructor.
Preferably, the method for dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas comprises the following steps:
acquiring a room area, a corridor area and a stair area of each floor, and taking each room area, corridor area and stair area as a subarea plane range respectively;
stretching the subarea plane range according to the floor height to obtain a subarea range;
adjacent positions of the room area and the corridor area and the stair area are obtained, and the adjacent positions are used as corresponding adjacent port positions.
Preferably, the corridor area is divided into several segments, each creating a sub-area.
Preferably, the method for identifying smoke in the monitoring image comprises the following steps:
extracting a color region of a preset color range in a monitoring image;
and if the pixel area covered by the color area exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that smoke exists in the monitoring image, otherwise, judging that no smoke exists in the monitoring image.
Preferably, the method for updating the sub-region risk score comprises the following steps:
periodically acquiring the position of smoke;
and updating the subarea risk score according to the position of the smoke and the subarea range.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the position of the smoke comprises the following steps:
acquiring an infrared image of smoke, and determining floors with fire;
projecting smoke in the infrared image to a preset wall surface, and recording the smoke as smoke projection;
projecting the subarea range to a preset wall surface, namely, projecting the subarea;
and increasing the subarea risk score of which the subarea projection and the smoke projection are overlapped by a preset value.
Preferably, the sub-region risk score after the predicted T time is noted as the sub-region's presumed risk score;
taking the sum of the estimated risk scores of all the subareas included in the escape passage as the estimated risk score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average of the estimated risk scores of the subareas and the estimated risk scores of the escape channels as a final risk score of the escape channels.
Preferably, the method for predicting the sub-region risk score after the T time is as follows:
taking the time when the sub-region risk score is larger than 0 for the first time as the starting time, calculating the average rate k of the change of the sub-region risk score between the current time and the starting time, adding k times T to the sub-region risk score, and taking the calculated value as the estimated risk score of the sub-region.
Preferably, the sub-region risk score is added with k1 x k x T, where k1 is a preset coefficient, and the calculated value is taken as the estimated risk score of the sub-region.
Preferably, the roof entrance position of the building is added;
the subareas which are needed to pass through from constructors to the entrance position of the roof are recorded as standby escape channels;
exhausting all standby escape channels of each constructor, and taking the standby escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal standby escape channel of the corresponding constructor;
and when the risk scores of all escape channels of constructors are larger than a preset value, taking the optimal standby escape channel as an escape channel.
A building construction fire escape guidance system for performing a building construction fire escape guidance method as described above, comprising:
the regional division module is used for dividing the construction region of each floor into a plurality of subareas, wherein each subarea comprises a subarea range, an adjacent opening position and a subarea risk degree score, the initial value of the subarea risk degree score is 0, and the building outlet position is recorded;
the monitoring module is used for acquiring a monitoring image of the construction area;
the recognition processing module is used for recognizing the smoke in the monitoring image and obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the sub-region risk score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range;
the route indication module is used for planning and exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, calculating the risk score of the escape channel, and indicating the optimal escape channel for the corresponding constructor according to the risk score of the escape channel.
Preferably, when the recognition processing module calculates the risk score of the escape passage, the following steps are executed:
predicting the risk score of the subarea after the T time, and marking the risk score as the estimated risk score of the subarea;
taking the sum of the estimated risk scores of all the subareas included in the escape passage as the estimated risk score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average of the estimated risk scores of the subareas and the estimated risk scores of the escape channels as a final risk score of the escape channels.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor implements a building construction fire escape guidance method as described above.
A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor implements a building construction fire escape guidance method as described above.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention include: by dividing a construction area into a plurality of sub-areas and associating corresponding escape channels, identifying the smoke position of a construction site according to a monitoring image of the construction area, updating the risk degree score of the sub-areas in real time, and displaying the corresponding escape channels to constructors, so that the constructors can obtain the optimal escape channels in the first time, the fire escape guidance can be more scientifically and effectively performed, and the casualties caused by fire can be reduced; according to the infrared image of the smoke, determining the floor where the fire exists, projecting the floor to a preset wall, and updating the subarea risk score of overlapping subarea projection and smoke projection in real time, so that the risk score of the escape channel is more scientific and accurate, and a more suitable escape channel is found to guide the fire escape; the weighted average of the estimated risk score of the subarea and the estimated risk score of the escape channel is used as the final risk score of the escape channel by predicting the risk score of the subarea after the T time, so that the calculation of the risk score prediction of the escape channel can be rapidly performed, the accuracy of the escape channel selection is improved, and the efficiency of fire escape guiding is also improved.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a fire escape guiding method according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the area plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for acquiring a position of smoke according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a fire floor according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for generating a standby escape route according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire escape guiding system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. room area, 2, corridor area, 3, stairway area, 4, area dividing module, 5, monitoring module, 6, identification processing module, 7, route indicating module, 8, computer equipment, 9, memory, 10, processor, 11, computer program.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be explained and illustrated below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the examples in the implementation manner, other examples obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, directional or positional relationships such as the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., are presented for convenience in describing the embodiments and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Before explaining the technical scheme of the present embodiment in detail, first, a description is given of a background situation to which the present embodiment is applied.
Fire is one of the common disasters that jeopardizes public safety in social life. With the demands of urban development, the demand for high-rise buildings is also increasing, and building construction sites are also increasing. The construction site mainly refers to a construction site of a building or a special building, such as natural gas station construction or reconstruction construction, and a decoration stage of the building construction. The management of the construction site is a complex work, the personnel, materials, equipment and the activities performed on the construction site are continuously changed, and the management of the construction site is difficult to effectively realize in a personnel supervision mode. The industry has seen capturing video images of a scene by installing monitors on the scene. Meanwhile, a large number of sensors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise and the like are arranged on the site, so that the safety risk condition of the construction site can be obtained through the sensors, the safety risk can be found in time, and the state of the current risk can be obtained to formulate a treatment scheme. But the position where the risk may occur changes faster due to the faster material changes in the construction site. And power supply, fault maintenance and the like are required for the distributed sensors. When a sensor fails, replacing the sensor is a labor-intensive task. The fixed sensors which are distributed have the problems of large distribution workload, lack of pertinence in risk identification and low identification rate.
The finishing stage of building construction presents serious safety risks, especially in the process of soft-fitting. In the building soft-mounting process, a large amount of inflammable furniture or building materials are transported and piled up on a construction site, and a large amount of construction activities and construction equipment are also arranged on the construction site. Cutting or polishing operations often occur during construction activities, and sparks are very likely to occur during the cutting or polishing operations. If the management and operation are improper, fire is very easy to cause. Furthermore, there are a large number of wires and power tools that serve the construction at the construction site. If the plug of the electric tool is not inserted well, a discharge spark is generated at the plug. And the electric tool and the power cord of the electric tool are easy to collide or squeeze at the construction site, so that the shell of the electric tool is damaged or the power cord is damaged, and the electric tool and the power cord can bring about potential fire hazard. The higher the building floor is, the denser the constructors are, and the more obvious the fire escape problem is on the building construction site. Numerous cases of fire accidents indicate that a great number of lives are taken away by fires in an unoccupied manner each year. When a fire disaster occurs, people want to be protected, but many people cannot escape smoothly due to various reasons, so that the fire is buried. Because the space design of each building is different, the escape channel is also different in position, and different construction materials, such as plastic wall wires, chemical fiber floors, artificial Baoli boards and other inflammable objects, can generate different gases during combustion, so that the complex and severe environment needs to be overcome in the fire escape process of the building construction site. Although the probability of fire in high-rise buildings is not great, the occurrence of fire can cause serious death and injury. Therefore, under the condition of fire, how to guide the disaster-stricken to obtain an efficient and safe escape route, and gain more escape time is always the object with practical value and research significance.
The traditional fire escape guiding scheme uses a fire alarm system to detect building fire and is provided with an escape guiding board to assist disaster-stricken personnel to escape. The fire alarm system detects whether a fire occurs in a construction site in real time through a fire detector, such as a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, etc., disposed inside the construction site. Meanwhile, constructors can trigger a manual alarm device in the system to carry out fire alarm. When detecting that a fire disaster occurs in the construction site, the fire alarm system sends out a fire alarm sound-light alarm signal to inform constructors of escaping. At this time, constructors can escape from the fire scene according to the indication of the escape guide plate deployed in the construction scene, so that casualties caused by the fire are reduced to a certain extent. However, the following technical problems still exist in the conventional technical scheme: the sensing mode in the scheme is comparatively backward, and the fire disaster state can only be detected in real time if the fire disaster happens in the construction site and can not be sensed in real time. The scheme only designs escape routes based on the internal structure of the construction site, and the influence of fire disaster is not considered. When a fire disaster occurs in a construction site, the escape route displayed on the escape guiding board cannot be changed in real time according to the dynamic spreading of the fire disaster. Because the fire point and the fire object are different, the fire spread situation is different, and the danger degree of the escape route is changed. Because constructors do not know the condition of fire spread in the construction site, if the constructors escape along the escape route on the guiding board randomly, the constructors can be trapped in the fire scene, and unnecessary casualties are caused. When a fire disaster occurs in a construction site, smoke generated by the fire disaster can cause that constructors cannot see the escape guide plate clearly, so that an optimal escape route is missed.
Therefore, it is necessary to study a fire escape guiding system capable of improving the efficiency and accuracy of guiding a fire escape to a building construction site.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides a building construction fire escape guiding method, please refer to fig. 1, which comprises the following steps:
step A01) dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of subareas, wherein each subarea comprises a subarea range, an adjacent port position and a subarea risk degree score, wherein the initial value of the subarea risk degree score is 0, and building outlet positions are added.
Step A02) obtaining a monitoring image of the construction area, identifying smoke in the monitoring image, if the smoke is identified, entering the next step, and if the smoke is not identified, waiting for a preset time period and then re-executing the step.
Step A03) obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the sub-region risk score according to the position of the smoke and the range of the sub-region.
Step A04) the subareas which are needed to be passed by constructors to the building exit position form an escape passage.
Step A05) taking the sum of all the sub-region risk scores included in the escape passage as the risk score of the escape passage.
Step A06) exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and taking the escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal escape channel of the corresponding constructor.
Through dividing the construction area into a plurality of sub-areas to the corresponding escape channel, according to the monitored image of construction area, discernment job site's smog position updates sub-area danger degree score in real time, thereby demonstrates the escape channel that corresponds for constructor, makes constructor can obtain the best escape channel in the very first time, thereby can more scientifically and effectively carry out the conflagration and flee for one's life and guide, reduce the casualties that the condition of a fire brought.
When the construction area of each floor is divided into a plurality of sub-areas, referring to fig. 2, a room area 1, a corridor area 2 and a stair area 3 of each floor are obtained, and each room area 1, corridor area 2 and stair area 3 are respectively used as sub-area plane ranges; and stretching the subarea plane range according to the floor height to obtain the subarea range.
Adjacent positions of the room area 1 and the corridor area 2 and adjacent positions of the corridor area 2 and the stair area 3 are obtained, and the adjacent positions are defined as corresponding adjacent port positions. The adjacent openings of the room area 1 and the corridor area 2 can pass from the room area 1 into the corridor area 2, and the adjacent openings of the corridor area 2 and the stair area 3 can pass from the corridor area 2 into the stair area 3. The building is designed and built according to standard standards, and all the building is provided with a corridor, a safety exit or two escape stairways.
Further, the corridor area 2 is divided into several segments, each creating a sub-area.
Usually the corridor area 2 spans a large extent, which is different from the actual situation when the corridor area 2 is treated as a sub-area, which would result in a safe passage division. Therefore, according to the embodiment, through dividing the subareas and stretching the planar range of the subareas according to the height of the floor, a three-dimensional subarea range is generated, and the three-dimensional subarea range is used as a basis for generating the escape passage in real time, so that the escape passage can be determined more accurately.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the monitoring image of the construction area may be acquired by the monitoring camera. The monitoring camera is a camera which is arranged on a ceiling of any position in a monitored building construction site or room, can acquire indoor image information in real time and perform mobile detection, and can be a wireless camera which is wirelessly connected with the controller through a WIFI routing relay in a building, so that the real-time monitoring of the building construction site and the indoor environment with lower energy consumption and no need of wiring in advance can be realized, and a wider transmission area can be realized by using a WIFI routing relay method, so that the monitoring of the whole building construction site is more convenient and easy to realize, and the monitoring camera can be of any number.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a method for identifying smoke in a monitoring image, which comprises the following steps:
extracting a color region of a preset color range in a monitoring image;
if the pixel area covered by the color area exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that smoke exists in the monitoring image, otherwise, judging that no smoke exists in the monitoring image.
In an actual building construction fire scene, the position of the ignition point is difficult to effectively and directly monitor in an image monitoring mode, and because the position of the ignition point is usually shielded, an image of smoke is more conveniently collected compared with the ignition point, and the color of the smoke is closely related to the actual condition of the fire, so that whether the smoke exists or not is judged by extracting a color area of a preset color range in a monitoring image, and the image is further used as a basis for whether the fire exists or not.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a method for obtaining the preset color range, which comprises the following steps:
reading a plurality of smoke images of historical fire conditions;
extracting the color range of smoke in each smoke image respectively;
the union of the color ranges of all smoke images constitutes a preset color range.
The color range of the smoke is related to the type of combustible, in particular: in general, when wood burns, if the space is relatively sufficient, the color of the burning smoke is white, and if the space is insufficient, the wood burns insufficiently, and a large amount of carbon particles are mixed in the smoke to appear black. In contrast, when a polymer material such as plastic burns, black smoke is usually generated, and when hazardous chemicals burn, colored smoke is usually generated. If white smoke is identified on the video monitoring image, the combustion is not severe, and the temperature is low. After a period of time, still white smoke, this indicates that the burning material is wood, or that someone has used water to extinguish the fire. If black smoke is generated, the combustible material is organic polymer material or wood with insufficient combustion is indicated. Smoke generated by burning the organic polymer materials has stronger toxicity, and the wood with insufficient burning needs to pay attention to carbon monoxide contained in the wood. If colored smoke is generated, the combustion is a hazardous chemical, and the generated smoke has toxicity. The coverage area of the smoke, namely a color area of a preset color range in the monitoring image, directly reflects the spreading condition of the fire, and can indicate the position of the ignition point to a certain extent.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a method for updating the sub-region risk score, which comprises the following steps:
periodically acquiring the position of smoke;
and updating the subarea risk score according to the position of the smoke and the subarea range.
The operation of updating the sub-region risk score according to the position and the sub-region range of the smoke is similar to the operation of updating the disaster-affected region safety score in real time in the prior art, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, in the embodiment of updating the sub-region risk score, if it is detected that the current sub-region range has smoke, the sub-region risk score of the current sub-region range is increased by a preset value, if it is detected that the current sub-region range has smoke, the sub-region risk score of the current sub-region range is unchanged, if it is still detected that the current sub-region range has smoke during a period of a next position for acquiring smoke, the sub-region risk score of the current sub-region range is increased by a preset value, and if it is still detected that the current sub-region range does not have smoke during a period of a next position for acquiring smoke, the sub-region risk score of the current sub-region range is kept unchanged, that is, the sub-region risk scores are sequentially accumulated according to the preset period of the position for acquiring smoke, so as to update the sub-region risk score.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides, referring to fig. 3, a method for acquiring a position of smoke, which includes:
step B01) obtaining infrared images of smoke and determining floors with fire;
step B02), projecting the smoke in the infrared image to a preset wall surface, and marking the smoke as smoke projection;
step B03), projecting the subarea range to a preset wall surface, namely, projecting the subarea;
step B04) increasing the sub-region risk score of the overlapping sub-region projection and smoke projection by a preset value.
According to the infrared image of smog, confirm the floor that has the condition of a fire, the projection is to predetermineeing the wall to the subregion projection and smog projection have the subregion risk degree score of overlapping in real time to can make the risk degree score of escape channel more scientific and accurate, help finding more suitable escape channel and guide the conflagration to flee.
In another aspect, the present embodiment further provides a method for determining a floor where a fire exists according to an infrared image of smoke, including:
acquiring the temperature of a smoke area corresponding to each floor;
if the temperature of the smoke area exceeds the preset threshold value, judging that the fire occurs on the corresponding floor, otherwise, judging that the fire does not occur on the corresponding floor.
On the other hand, the present embodiment also provides an alternative scheme for determining a fire floor, referring to fig. 4, specifically including:
step C01), acquiring the temperature of a smoke area corresponding to each floor;
step C02), calculating the difference value of the temperatures of the smoke areas corresponding to each floor and the next floor, and taking the difference value as the temperature difference of the floor;
and C03) if the temperature difference of the floor is lower than the preset threshold value, judging that the fire occurs on the floor, otherwise, judging that the fire does not occur on the floor.
The fire generally spreads upwards, and smog is upwards lifting, and when lower floor appears the condition of a fire, the smog that the condition of a fire produced can cover last floor, leads to the fact the floor that the condition of a fire exists according to the infrared image determination of smog not accurate enough, so this embodiment is through calculating the difference of every floor and the corresponding smog regional temperature of next floor as the temperature difference of this floor, when the temperature difference of this floor is less than preset threshold value, the smog temperature that indicates this floor has reached the firing temperature, can get rid of the condition that the smog of this floor is by the smog of next floor to the condition of a fire appears in this floor of more accurate determination.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a sub-region risk score after the prediction T time, which is recorded as the estimated risk score of the sub-region;
taking the sum of the estimated risk scores of all the subareas included in the escape passage as the estimated risk score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average of the estimated risk scores of the subareas and the estimated risk scores of the escape channels as a final risk score of the escape channels.
In a building construction site where a fire spreads dynamically, the safety of each escape route varies with the spread of the fire. In order to ensure safe and efficient escape of disaster-stricken constructors, when planning a fire escape route, not only the current safety of the escape route but also the future safety of the escape route need to be considered. Therefore, in this embodiment, by predicting the risk score of the sub-region after the T time, the risk score is recorded as the estimated risk score of the sub-region, and then the sum of the estimated risk scores of all the sub-regions included in the escape route is used as the estimated risk score of the escape route, and the weighted average of the estimated risk scores of the sub-region and the estimated risk score of the escape route is used as the final risk score of the escape route, a certain prediction can be made for the fire spread of the escape route, and the final risk score of the escape route is calculated more carefully in consideration of the future safety of the escape route.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a method for predicting the sub-region risk score after the T time, which comprises the following steps:
taking the time when the sub-region risk score is larger than 0 for the first time as the starting time, calculating the average rate k of the change of the sub-region risk score between the current time and the starting time, adding k times T to the sub-region risk score, and taking the calculated value as the estimated risk score of the sub-region.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides that the sub-region risk score is added with k1×k×t, where k1 is a preset coefficient, and the calculated value is used as the estimated risk score of the sub-region.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides that the preset coefficient k1 is related to the current sub-region risk score, and when the current sub-region risk score increases, the preset coefficient k1 increases.
By setting a preset coefficient k1 positively correlated with the current sub-region risk score, a value obtained by adding k1 x k x T to the sub-region risk score is used as the estimated risk score of the sub-region, the reliability of calculation of the estimated risk score of the sub-region is increased, the accuracy of selection of a subsequent escape channel is improved, and the efficiency of fire escape guiding is improved.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a guiding scheme of the standby escape passage. Referring to fig. 5, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step D01) adding the roof entrance position of the building;
step D02), marking the subareas which need to be passed by constructors to the entrance position of the roof as standby escape channels;
step D03) exhausting all standby escape channels of each constructor, and taking the standby escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal standby escape channel of the corresponding constructor;
and D04) taking the optimal standby escape passage as an escape passage when all escape passage risk scores of constructors are larger than a preset value.
Fire usually spreads upwards and smoke rises upwards, so that in principle, the fire escape guiding system should escape downwards, and the fire escape guiding system also gives preference to escape channels with low risk scores, but for high-rise constructors in the body, the fire is usually in a violent burning stage when being discovered, and the fire source is downwards flushed downwards when not seen clearly, and is trapped in the middle due to fire spreading. Therefore, the embodiment provides a guiding scheme of a standby escape passage for escaping from the roof, which exhausts all standby escape passages leading to the roof for constructors at high levels in the body or constructors at middle layers but all the downward escape passages with risk scores greater than a preset value, and takes the standby escape passage leading to the roof with the lowest risk score as the optimal standby escape passage for the corresponding constructors.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application further provides a building construction fire escape guiding system, which is used for executing the building construction fire escape guiding method, referring to fig. 6, and includes:
the regional division module 4 is used for dividing the construction region of each floor into a plurality of subareas, wherein each subarea comprises a subarea range, an adjacent port position and a subarea risk score;
the monitoring module 5 is used for acquiring a monitoring image of the construction area;
the recognition processing module 6 is used for recognizing the smoke in the monitoring image and obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the sub-region risk score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range;
the route indication module 7 is used for planning and exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, calculating the risk score of the escape channel, and indicating the optimal escape channel for the corresponding constructor according to the risk score of the escape channel.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, when the recognition processing module 6 calculates the risk score of the escape route, the following steps are performed:
predicting the risk score of the subarea after the T time, and marking the risk score as the estimated risk score of the subarea;
taking the sum of the estimated risk scores of all the subareas included in the escape passage as the estimated risk score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average of the estimated risk scores of the subareas and the estimated risk scores of the escape channels as a final risk score of the escape channels.
The indication terminal for indicating the optimal escape route for the corresponding constructor is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the mobile phone terminal can be selected as an indication terminal for indicating an optimal escape passage for a corresponding constructor, and when the internet of things identifies that the constructor brings the mobile phone into the building construction site, the central service station corresponding to the fire escape guiding system forcibly places the mobile phone into an escape map and reminds a user through a wireless network. Because the number of people in the building construction site can not be accurately mastered, the fixed terminal can not meet one of the people, but the mobile phone also has a networking function, a screen display function, an outward playing function and a WIFI (hot spot) starting function, so that the mobile phone also meets the hardware requirement of the terminal. And the mobile phone has certain advantages: (1) the popularity of the mobile phone is high; (2) the mobile phone can be carried with and is more easily obtained. The handset is a device that has potential as a mobile terminal. The use of the mobile phone terminal requires cooperation with the mobile phone manufacturer to customize the mobile phone system. When a new building construction site is reached, the Internet of things system recognizes that the mobile phone enters the building construction site range, and then the mobile phone is forcedly placed into an escape channel map corresponding to the building construction site according to the background of the position of a user, and when the position changes, the system automatically updates the corresponding map. When no fire disaster occurs, the escape map is hidden in the background all the time, and when the mobile phone is identified to leave the building construction site, the background automatically deletes the map data packet of the building construction site so as to save the space of the mobile phone. And when entering other building construction sites, the forced placement is continued. When a fire occurs, the map in the background is activated and forcedly displayed on the screen of the mobile phone. The screen simultaneously displays the escape map and the position of the fire disaster and the position of the user.
On the other hand, referring to fig. 7, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer device, where the computer device 8 includes a memory 9, a processor 10, and a computer program 11 stored in the memory 9 and capable of running on the processor 10, and the computer program 11 is executed by the processor 10 to implement a building construction fire escape guiding method as described above.
The processor 10 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and the processor 10 may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ApplicationSpecific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or may be any conventional processor 10.
Wherein the memory 9 stores program code executable by the processor 10 such that the processor 10 performs a building construction fire escape guidance method of any one of the above-described embodiments of the present specification. The memory 9 may in some embodiments be an internal storage unit of the computer device 8, such as a hard disk or a memory of the computer device 8. The memory 9 may in other embodiments also be an external storage device of the computer device 8, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card) or the like, which are provided on the computer device 8. Further, the memory 9 may also include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the computer device 8.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program 11 realizes the fire escape guiding method for building construction when being executed by the processor 10.
Wherein a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
While the invention has been described in terms of embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto but rather includes the drawings and the description of the embodiments above. Any modifications which do not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A building construction fire escape guiding method is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
dividing a construction area of each floor into a plurality of subareas, wherein each subarea comprises a subarea range, an adjacent opening position and a subarea risk degree score, wherein the initial value of the subarea risk degree score is 0, and building outlet positions are added;
acquiring a monitoring image of a construction area, identifying smoke in the monitoring image, if the smoke is identified, entering a next step, and if the smoke is not identified, waiting for a preset time period and then re-executing the step;
obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the sub-region risk score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range;
the subareas which are needed to pass through from constructors to building exit positions form escape channels;
taking the sum of all sub-region risk scores included in the escape channel as the risk score of the escape channel;
predicting the risk score of the subarea after the T time, and marking the risk score as the estimated risk score of the subarea;
taking the sum of the estimated risk scores of all the subareas included in the escape passage as the estimated risk score of the escape passage;
calculating a weighted average of the estimated risk score of the subarea and the estimated risk score of the escape passage as a final risk score of the escape passage;
exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and taking the escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal escape channel of the corresponding constructor;
the method for acquiring the position of the smoke comprises the following steps:
acquiring an infrared image of smoke, and determining floors with fire;
projecting smoke in the infrared image to a preset wall surface, and recording the smoke as smoke projection;
projecting the subarea range to a preset wall surface, namely, projecting the subarea;
increasing the sub-region risk score of overlapping sub-region projection and smoke projection by a preset value;
the method for predicting the sub-region risk degree scoring after the T time comprises the following steps:
calculating the average rate k of change of the sub-region risk score between the current time and the starting time by taking the time when the sub-region risk score is larger than 0 for the first time as the starting time, adding k1 x k x T to the sub-region risk score, wherein k1 is a preset coefficient, and taking the calculated value as the estimated risk score of the sub-region.
2. A building construction fire escape guiding method according to claim 1, wherein,
the method for dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas comprises the following steps:
acquiring a room area, a corridor area and a stair area of each floor, and taking each room area, corridor area and stair area as a subarea plane range respectively;
stretching the subarea plane range according to the floor height to obtain a subarea range;
adjacent positions of the room area and the corridor area and the stair area are obtained, and the adjacent positions are used as corresponding adjacent port positions.
3. A building construction fire escape guiding method according to claim 2, wherein,
dividing the corridor area into a plurality of segments, each segment establishing a sub-area.
4. A building construction fire escape guiding method according to claim 1, wherein,
the method for identifying the smoke in the monitoring image comprises the following steps:
extracting a color region of a preset color range in a monitoring image;
and if the pixel area covered by the color area exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that smoke exists in the monitoring image, otherwise, judging that no smoke exists in the monitoring image.
5. A building construction fire escape guiding method according to claim 1, wherein,
the method for updating the sub-region risk score comprises the following steps:
periodically acquiring the position of smoke;
and updating the subarea risk score according to the position of the smoke and the subarea range.
6. A building construction fire escape guiding method according to claim 1, wherein,
adding the roof entrance position of the building;
the subareas which are needed to pass through from constructors to the entrance position of the roof are recorded as standby escape channels;
exhausting all standby escape channels of each constructor, and taking the standby escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal standby escape channel of the corresponding constructor;
and when the risk scores of all escape channels of constructors are larger than a preset value, taking the optimal standby escape channel as an escape channel.
7. A building construction fire escape guidance system, comprising:
the regional division module is used for dividing the construction region of each floor into a plurality of subareas, wherein each subarea comprises a subarea range, an adjacent opening position and a subarea risk degree score, the initial value of the subarea risk degree score is 0, and the building outlet position is recorded;
the monitoring module is used for acquiring a monitoring image of the construction area;
the recognition processing module is used for recognizing the smoke in the monitoring image and obtaining the position of the smoke, updating the sub-region risk score according to the position of the smoke and the range of the sub-region and calculating the risk score of the escape channel;
the route indication module is used for planning and exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and indicating the optimal escape channel for the corresponding constructor according to the risk score of the escape channel;
when the recognition processing module calculates the risk score of the escape passage, the following steps are executed:
obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the sub-region risk score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range;
taking the sum of all sub-region risk scores included in the escape channel as the risk score of the escape channel;
predicting the risk score of the subarea after the T time, and marking the risk score as the estimated risk score of the subarea;
taking the sum of the estimated risk scores of all the subareas included in the escape passage as the estimated risk score of the escape passage;
calculating a weighted average of the estimated risk score of the subarea and the estimated risk score of the escape passage as a final risk score of the escape passage;
the method for acquiring the position of the smoke comprises the following steps:
acquiring an infrared image of smoke, and determining floors with fire;
projecting smoke in the infrared image to a preset wall surface, and recording the smoke as smoke projection;
projecting the subarea range to a preset wall surface, namely, projecting the subarea;
increasing the sub-region risk score of overlapping sub-region projection and smoke projection by a preset value;
the method for predicting the sub-region risk degree scoring after the T time comprises the following steps:
calculating the average rate k of change of the sub-region risk score between the current time and the starting time by taking the time when the sub-region risk score is larger than 0 for the first time as the starting time, adding k1 x k x T to the sub-region risk score, wherein k1 is a preset coefficient, and taking the calculated value as the estimated risk score of the sub-region.
8. A computer device, characterized in that,
the computer device comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor implements a building construction fire escape guidance method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium comprising,
the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a building construction fire escape guidance method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN117689212B (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-05-14 | 青岛创新奇智科技集团股份有限公司 | Production environment safety monitoring method and device, terminal equipment and storage medium |
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