CN115841409A - Building construction fire escape guiding method, system, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Building construction fire escape guiding method, system, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of information, in particular to a building construction fire escape guiding method, a building construction fire escape guiding system, building construction fire escape guiding equipment and a building construction fire escape guiding medium. The method comprises the following steps: dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas, wherein the sub-areas comprise sub-area ranges, adjacent port positions and sub-area risk degree scores, and adding building exit positions; acquiring a monitoring image of a construction area, and identifying smoke in the monitoring image; obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the sub-region risk degree score; the construction personnel form an escape passage to a subregion through which the position of the building exit needs to pass; taking the sum of the risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the risk degree score of the escape passage; and exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and taking the escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal escape channel corresponding to the constructor. The beneficial technical effects of the invention comprise: can guide building job site to carry out the conflagration more scientifically effectual and flee, reduce the casualties that the condition of a fire brought.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information, in particular to a building construction fire escape guiding method, a building construction fire escape guiding system, building construction fire escape guiding equipment and a building construction fire escape guiding medium.
Background
At present when building job site takes place the conflagration, constructor can only confirm the emergency exit and flee through laying the emergency exit sign in the wall body below, but under the comparatively complicated condition of building job site environment, only can not more efficient flee through the emergency exit sign because constructor can not learn the specific position in the region that takes place the conflagration the very first time when taking place the conflagration to it is regional to go into the conflagration by mistake when probably fleeing, the optimal route of fleing of planning that can not be fine, there is the potential safety hazard. For this reason, it is necessary to study a fire escape guidance method capable of improving the efficiency and accuracy of fire escape guidance for a building construction site.
For example, chinese patent CN109785546a, published 2019, 5 and 21, method, apparatus and storage medium for fire escape indication, the method comprises: acquiring the state information of each smoke sensor in the area, determining the spreading condition of the fire according to the state information of each smoke sensor, and indicating the escaping direction of the fire according to the spreading condition of the fire. According to the method, the device and the storage medium for indicating fire escape, the state information of each smoke sensor in the area is obtained in real time, the spreading condition of the fire is determined according to the state information of each smoke sensor, the direction of fire escape is indicated according to the spreading condition of the fire, the condition that escape personnel escape to the fire area is avoided, and the escape personnel can escape accurately according to the indication. However, according to the technical scheme, the fire disaster condition is determined only by using the smoke sensor, the accuracy is low, the escape indicator lamp is controlled to guide people to escape, the indication effect of the escape indicator lamp is poor under smoke generated by a fire and a fire disaster, and the technical problem that the fire disaster escape guide effect is poor in a building construction site is not solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the problem of the lack of effective technique of guiding building job site conflagration to flee at present. The building construction fire escape guiding method, the building construction fire escape guiding system, the building construction fire escape guiding equipment and the building construction fire escape guiding medium can guide a building construction site to carry out fire escape more scientifically and effectively and reduce casualties brought by fire.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a building construction fire escape guiding method comprises the following steps:
dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas, wherein each sub-area comprises a sub-area range, an adjacent port position and a sub-area risk degree score, the initial value of the sub-area risk degree score is 0, and adding a building exit position;
acquiring a monitoring image of a construction area, identifying smoke in the monitoring image, entering the next step if the smoke is identified, and executing the step again after waiting for a preset time if the smoke is not identified;
obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the risk score of the sub-area according to the position of the smoke and the range of the sub-area;
the construction personnel form an escape passage to a subregion through which the construction personnel need to pass from the position of the building exit;
taking the sum of the risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the risk degree score of the escape passage;
and exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and taking the escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal escape channel corresponding to the constructor.
Preferably, the method for dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas comprises the following steps:
acquiring a room area, a corridor area and a stair area of each floor, and taking each room area, corridor area and stair area as a sub-area plane range respectively;
stretching the plane range of the sub-area according to the height of a floor to form a sub-area range;
adjacent positions of the room area and the corridor area and the stair area are obtained, and the adjacent positions are used as corresponding adjacent port positions.
Preferably, the corridor area is divided into several segments, each segment establishing a sub-area.
Preferably, the method for identifying smoke in the monitoring image comprises the following steps:
extracting a color area of a preset color range in the monitoring image;
and if the area of the pixels covered by the color area exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that smoke exists in the monitored image, otherwise, judging that smoke does not exist in the monitored image.
Preferably, the method for updating the sub-region risk score comprises the following steps:
periodically acquiring the position of smoke;
and updating the sub-region risk degree score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the position of the smoke comprises the following steps:
acquiring an infrared image of smoke, and determining a floor where a fire exists;
projecting smoke in the infrared image to a preset wall surface, and recording as smoke projection;
projecting the range of the sub-region to a preset wall surface, namely projecting the sub-region;
and increasing the risk score of the sub-region with overlapping of the sub-region projection and the smoke projection by a preset value.
Preferably, predicting the risk score of the subregion after T time, and recording the risk score as the presumed risk score of the subregion;
taking the sum of the presumed risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the presumed risk degree score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average value of the presumed risk degree scores of the sub-regions and the presumed risk degree scores of the escape channels as final risk degree scores of the escape channels.
Preferably, the method for predicting the risk score of the subregion after T time comprises the following steps:
and taking the time when the sub-region risk degree score is greater than 0 for the first time as an initial time, calculating the average rate k of change of the sub-region risk degree score between the current time and the initial time, adding k x T to the sub-region risk degree score, and taking the calculated value as the presumed risk degree score of the sub-region.
Preferably, k1 × k × T is added to the sub-region risk score, where k1 is a predetermined coefficient, and the calculated value is used as the estimated risk score of the sub-region.
Preferably, the roof entrance position of the building is added;
recording the subareas through which the constructors need to pass from the building top entrance as standby escape passages;
exhausting all the spare escape channels of each constructor, and taking the spare escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal spare escape channel corresponding to the constructor;
and when the risk degree scores of all escape channels of the constructors are greater than a preset value, taking the optimal standby escape channel as the escape channel.
A building construction fire escape guiding system is used for executing the building construction fire escape guiding method, and comprises the following steps:
the area dividing module is used for dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas, each sub-area comprises a sub-area range, an adjacent port position and a sub-area risk degree score, the initial value of the sub-area risk degree score is 0, and the position of a building exit is recorded;
the monitoring module is used for acquiring a monitoring image of the construction area;
the identification processing module is used for identifying the smoke in the monitoring image, obtaining the position of the smoke and updating the risk score of the sub-region according to the position of the smoke and the range of the sub-region;
and the route indicating module is used for planning and exhaustively exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, calculating the danger degree score of the escape channel, and indicating the optimal escape channel for the corresponding constructor according to the danger degree score of the escape channel.
Preferably, when the identification processing module calculates the risk score of the escape route, the following steps are executed:
predicting the risk score of the sub-region after T time, and recording as the presumed risk score of the sub-region;
taking the sum of the presumed risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the presumed risk degree score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average value of the presumed risk degree scores of the sub-regions and the presumed risk degree scores of the escape channels as final risk degree scores of the escape channels.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program when executed by the processor implementing a building construction fire escape guidance method as previously described.
A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a building construction fire escape guidance method as previously described.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention comprise: by adopting the building construction fire escape guiding method, the building construction fire escape guiding system, the building construction fire escape guiding equipment and the building construction fire escape guiding medium, the construction area is divided into a plurality of sub-areas, the corresponding escape channels are associated, the smoke position of the construction site is identified according to the monitoring image of the construction area, and the risk scores of the sub-areas are updated in real time, so that the corresponding escape channels are displayed to constructors, the constructors can obtain the best escape channels at the first time, the fire escape guiding can be more scientifically and effectively carried out, and casualties caused by fire conditions are reduced; determining a floor with a fire according to the infrared image of the smoke, projecting the floor to a preset wall surface, and updating the sub-region danger degree score with the overlapped sub-region projection and smoke projection in real time, so that the danger degree score of the escape channel is more scientific and accurate, and the escape channel which is more suitable is found to guide fire escape; by predicting the risk degree score of the sub-region after the T time and using the weighted average of the estimated risk degree score of the sub-region and the estimated risk degree score of the escape channel as the final risk degree score of the escape channel, the risk degree score of the escape channel can be rapidly calculated, the accuracy of escape channel selection is improved, and the efficiency of fire escape guidance is also improved.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in more detail in the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a fire escape guiding method according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a region of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for obtaining the position of smoke according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a fire floor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a standby escape route according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fire escape guiding system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. room area, 2, corridor area, 3, stair area, 4, area division module, 5, monitoring module, 6, identification processing module, 7, route indication module, 8, computer device, 9, memory, 10, processor, 11, computer program.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, the appearances of the indicating orientation or positional relationship such as the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only for convenience in describing the embodiments and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Before explaining the technical solution of the present embodiment in detail, a background applied to the present embodiment will be described first.
In social life, fire is one of common disasters endangering public safety. With the demand of urbanization development, the demand of high-rise buildings is increased, and more building construction sites are provided. The construction site mainly refers to the construction site of a building or a special building, such as the construction or transformation of a natural gas station and the decoration stage of building construction. The management of the construction site is a complex work, the personnel, materials, equipment and the activities carried out on the construction site are constantly changed, and the management of the construction site is difficult to be effectively realized through a personnel supervision mode. There is a need in the art to capture video images of a scene by installing a monitor on the scene. Meanwhile, a large number of sensors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise and the like are arranged on the site, so that the safety risk condition occurring on the construction site is expected to be obtained through the sensors, the safety risk is timely found, and the state of the current risk is obtained to formulate a disposal scheme. But because the materials change faster on the job site, the position change that the risk may take place is also faster. But also power supply, fault maintenance and the like of the arranged sensors. When a sensor fails, replacing the sensor is a labor intensive task. The fixed sensors arranged have the problems of large arrangement workload, lack of pertinence of risk identification and low identification rate.
Wherein serious safety risk exists in the fitment stage of building construction, especially carries out the building of soft dress in-process. In the building soft-mounting process, a large amount of inflammable furniture or building materials need to be transported and accumulated on a construction site, and a large amount of construction activities and construction equipment exist on the construction site. Cutting or polishing operations are often performed during construction activities, and sparks are very easily generated during the cutting and polishing operations. If the management and operation are not proper, the fire is easily caused. Moreover, construction sites have a large number of wires and power tools to service the construction. If the plug of the electric tool is not inserted well, a discharge spark is generated at the plug. And the electric tool and the power cord of the electric tool are easy to collide or extrude at a construction site, so that the shell of the electric tool or the power cord is damaged, and potential fire hazard is brought. The higher the building floor is, the more intensive the constructors are, and the more prominent the fire escape problem of the building construction site is. Numerous cases of fire accidents have shown that a great number of lives are lost to fires every year. When a fire occurs, people all want to be protected, but many people cannot escape smoothly due to various reasons, and the fire sea is buried. Because the space design of each building is different, the position of the escape passage is different, and different construction materials, such as plastic wall lines, chemical fiber floors, artificial polyester boards and other inflammable goods, can generate different gases during combustion, so that the complex and severe environment needs to be overcome in the fire escape process of the building construction site. Although the probability of fire in high-rise buildings is not high, once the fire occurs, the fire can cause serious death and disastrous consequences. Therefore, under the condition of fire, how to guide the disaster-stricken person to obtain an efficient and safe escape route and win more escape time is always an object with great practical value and research significance.
The traditional fire escape guiding scheme uses a fire alarm system to detect a building fire and is provided with an escape guiding board to assist people suffering from the fire to escape. The fire alarm system detects whether a fire occurs in a construction site in real time through fire detectors, such as temperature sensors, smoke sensors, etc., disposed inside the construction site. Meanwhile, constructors can trigger a manual alarm device in the system to alarm fire. When a fire disaster in a construction site is detected, the fire alarm system sends out a fire alarm sound-light alarm signal to inform constructors to escape. At the moment, the constructors can escape from the fire scene according to the indication of the escape guide board deployed in the construction scene, and casualties caused by the fire are reduced to a certain extent. However, the following technical problems still exist in the conventional technical solutions: the sensing mode in the scheme is relatively backward, and only whether a fire disaster occurs in a construction site can be detected in real time, but the state of the fire disaster cannot be sensed in real time. The scheme only designs an escape route based on the internal structure of a construction site, and the influence of fire disaster is not considered. When a fire breaks out in a construction site, the escape route displayed on the escape guide board cannot be changed in real time according to the dynamic spreading of the fire. Because the fire point and the object on fire are different, the fire spreading condition is different, and the danger degree of the escape route is changed accordingly. Since the constructors do not know the situation of fire spreading in the construction site, if the constructors randomly escape along the escape route on the guide board, the constructors may be trapped in the fire scene, thereby causing unnecessary casualties. When a fire disaster occurs in a construction site, smoke generated by the fire disaster can cause constructors to be unable to see the escape guide board clearly, so that the constructors miss the optimal escape route.
Therefore, there is a need for a fire escape guidance system that can improve the efficiency and accuracy of fire escape guidance at a building construction site.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides a method for guiding fire escape in building construction, referring to fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
step A01) dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas, wherein the sub-areas comprise sub-area ranges, adjacent port positions and sub-area risk degree scores, the initial value of the sub-area risk degree scores is 0, and building exit positions are added.
Step A02) of obtaining a monitoring image of a construction area, identifying smoke in the monitoring image, entering the next step if the smoke is identified, and executing the step again after waiting for a preset time if the smoke is not identified.
And A03), obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the risk score of the sub-region according to the position of the smoke and the range of the sub-region.
And A04) forming an escape passage by the sub-areas which are required to be passed by the constructors to the position of the building exit.
Step A05) the sum of the dangerousness scores of all the subregions included in the escape route is used as the danger score of the escape route.
Step A06) exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and taking the escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal escape channel corresponding to the constructor.
Through dividing the construction area into a plurality of sub-areas, and associating the corresponding passway for escaping, according to the monitoring image of construction area, discerning the smog position of job site, updating sub-area danger degree score in real time, thereby showing the corresponding passway for escaping for constructor, making constructor can obtain the best passway for escaping in the very first time, thereby can more scientifically and effectively carry out the conflagration and flee the guide, reduce the casualties that the condition of a fire brought.
When the construction area of each floor is divided into a plurality of sub-areas, please refer to fig. 2, a room area 1, a corridor area 2 and a stair area 3 of each floor are obtained, and each room area 1, corridor area 2 and stair area 3 are respectively used as a sub-area plane range; and stretching the plane range of the sub-area according to the height of the floor to obtain the range of the sub-area.
The adjacent positions of the room area 1 and the corridor area 2 and the stair area 3 are obtained, and the adjacent positions are regarded as corresponding adjacent port positions. The adjoining openings of the room area 1 and the corridor area 2 can walk from the room area 1 into the corridor area 2, and the adjoining openings of the corridor area 2 and the stair area 3 can walk from the corridor area 2 into the stair area 3. Wherein, the building designed and constructed according to the standard of the specification can be provided with a corridor, a safety exit or two escape stairways.
Further, the corridor area 2 is divided into several segments, each segment establishing a sub-area.
The corridor area 2 is usually large in span, and the treatment of the corridor area 2 as a sub-area results in a large difference from the actual situation in the division of the safety channel. Therefore, in the embodiment, through division of the sub-areas, the plane range of the sub-areas is stretched according to the floor height, and then the three-dimensional sub-area range is generated and used as a basis for generating the escape passage in real time, so that the escape passage can be determined more accurately.
On the other hand, in this embodiment, the monitoring image of the construction area may be acquired by the monitoring camera. The monitoring camera is installed on a monitored building construction site, the ceiling of any position in a room is provided with the camera, indoor image information can be obtained in real time and mobile detection can be carried out, the monitoring camera can also be a wireless camera which is in wireless connection with the controller through a WIFI routing relay in the building, so that the real-time monitoring of the building construction site and the indoor environment which are lower in energy consumption and do not need to be wired in advance can be realized, a wider transmission area can be realized by means of the WIFI routing relay, monitoring of the whole building construction site is more convenient and easy to realize, and the monitoring camera can be any number.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a method for identifying smoke in the monitoring image, which comprises the following steps:
extracting a color area of a preset color range in the monitored image;
and if the area of the pixel covered by the color area exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that smoke exists in the monitored image, otherwise, judging that smoke does not exist in the monitored image.
In the actual building construction fire scene, the position of the ignition point is difficult to effectively and directly monitor in an image monitoring mode, and because the position of the ignition point is usually shielded, the image of the smoke is more conveniently collected compared with the ignition point, and the color of the smoke is closely related to the actual condition of the fire, so that the embodiment judges whether the smoke exists by extracting the color area with the preset color range in the monitoring image and further serves as the basis for judging whether the fire exists.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides that the method for obtaining the preset color range includes:
reading a plurality of smoke images of historical fire conditions;
respectively extracting the color range of the smoke in each smoke image;
the union of the color ranges of all the smoke images constitutes a preset color range.
Wherein the colour range of the smoke is related to the type of combustible, in particular: in general, when wood is burned, if the space is sufficient, the color of the smoke is white, and if the space is insufficient, the wood is not sufficiently burned, and a large amount of carbon particles are entrained in the smoke to turn black. When high molecular materials such as plastics and the like are burnt, black smoke is usually generated, and when hazardous chemicals are burnt, colored smoke is usually generated. If white smoke is identified on the video monitoring image, the combustion is not violent and the temperature is low. After a period of time, white smoke remains, indicating that the burning material is wood or that personnel have used water to extinguish the fire. If black smoke is generated, the combustible is indicated to be organic high molecular materials or wood which is not combusted sufficiently. The smoke generated by the combustion of the organic polymer material is high in toxicity, and the carbon monoxide contained in the wood with insufficient combustion needs to be paid attention to. If colored smoke is generated, the combustion substances are dangerous chemicals, and the generated smoke has toxicity. The coverage area of the smoke, namely the color area of the preset color range in the monitoring image directly reflects the spreading condition of the fire, and can indicate the position of the fire point to a certain extent.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides that the method for updating the sub-region risk score is as follows:
periodically acquiring the position of smoke;
and updating the sub-region risk degree score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range.
The operation of updating the sub-region risk score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range is similar to the operation of updating the disaster-affected region safety score in real time in the prior art, and the operation is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the embodiment of updating the sub-region risk score may be that, if it is detected that smoke exists in the current sub-region range, the sub-region risk score in the current sub-region range is increased by a preset value, if it is detected that smoke exists in the current sub-region range, the sub-region risk score in the current sub-region range is unchanged, if it is still detected that smoke exists in the current sub-region range during the next period of obtaining the smoke position, the sub-region risk score in the current sub-region range is increased by a preset value, and if it is still detected that smoke does not exist in the current sub-region range during the next period of obtaining the smoke position, the sub-region risk score in the current sub-region range is kept unchanged, that is, the sub-region risk scores are sequentially accumulated according to the preset period of obtaining the smoke position, so as to update the sub-region risk score.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides that, referring to fig. 3, the method for obtaining the position of the smoke includes:
step B01) acquiring an infrared image of smoke and determining a floor where a fire exists;
step B02) projecting the smoke in the infrared image to a preset wall surface, and recording as smoke projection;
step B03) projecting the range of the sub-region to a preset wall surface, namely projecting the sub-region;
and step B04) increasing the risk score of the sub-region with the overlapping of the sub-region projection and the smoke projection by a preset value.
The floor where the fire exists is determined according to the infrared image of the smoke, the infrared image is projected to a preset wall surface, the sub-region danger degree score with overlapped sub-region projection and smoke projection is updated in real time, the danger degree score of the escape channel can be more scientific and accurate, and the escape channel which is more suitable is found to guide fire escape.
In another aspect, the present embodiment further provides a method for determining a floor where a fire exists according to an infrared image of smoke, including:
acquiring the temperature of the smoke area corresponding to each floor;
if the temperature of the smoke area exceeds a preset threshold value, the corresponding floor is judged to have a fire, otherwise, the corresponding floor is judged not to have a fire.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides an alternative scheme for determining a fire floor, and referring to fig. 4, the method specifically includes:
step C01) acquiring the temperature of the smoke area corresponding to each floor;
step C02) calculating the difference value of the temperatures of the smoke areas corresponding to each floor and the next floor as the temperature difference of the floor;
and C03) if the temperature difference of the floor is lower than a preset threshold value, judging that the floor has a fire, otherwise, judging that the floor has no fire.
The fire usually all upwards spreads, smog is upwards lifting too, when the condition of a fire appears in lower floor, the smog that the condition of a fire produced may cover last floor, lead to the floor that has the condition of a fire to confirm according to the infrared image of smog is accurate inadequately, therefore this embodiment is through calculating the difference of the temperature in every floor and the regional smog of next floor correspondence as the temperature difference of this floor, when the temperature difference of this floor is less than and predetermines the threshold value, it has reached the firing temperature to explain the smog temperature of this floor, can get rid of the smog of this floor and be the condition that the smog of next floor drifted on, thereby the condition of a fire appears in this floor of more accurate determination.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides that the risk score of the sub-region after the predicted T time is recorded as the estimated risk score of the sub-region;
taking the sum of the presumed risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the presumed risk degree score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average value of the presumed risk degree scores of the sub-regions and the presumed risk degree scores of the escape channels as final risk degree scores of the escape channels.
In a building construction site where a fire dynamically spreads, the safety of each escape route changes as the fire spreads. In order to ensure safe and efficient escape of disaster-stricken construction personnel, when planning a fire escape route, not only the current safety of the escape route but also the future safety of the escape route need to be considered. Therefore, in the embodiment, by predicting the sub-region risk degree score after the T time and recording the sub-region risk degree score as the estimated risk degree score of the sub-region, the sum of the estimated risk degree scores of all the sub-regions included in the escape route is used as the estimated risk degree score of the escape route, and the weighted average of the estimated risk degree score of the sub-region and the estimated risk degree score of the escape route is used as the final risk degree score of the escape route, the fire spread of the escape route can be predicted to a certain extent, and the final risk degree score of the escape route is calculated more carefully in consideration of the safety of the escape route for a period of time in the future.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides that the method for predicting the risk score of the sub-region after the T time is as follows:
and taking the time when the sub-region risk degree score is greater than 0 for the first time as an initial time, calculating the average rate k of change of the sub-region risk degree score between the current time and the initial time, adding k x T to the sub-region risk degree score, and taking the calculated value as the presumed risk degree score of the sub-region.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides that k1 × k × T is added to the sub-region risk score, where k1 is a preset coefficient, and the calculated value is used as the estimated risk score of the sub-region.
On the other hand, the embodiment further provides that the preset coefficient k1 is related to the current sub-region risk score, and when the current sub-region risk score increases, the preset coefficient k1 increases accordingly.
By setting the preset coefficient k1 positively correlated with the current sub-region risk score and taking the value obtained by adding k1 x k x T to the sub-region risk score as the presumed risk score of the sub-region, the reliability of calculation of the presumed risk score of the sub-region is increased, the accuracy of selection of a subsequent escape channel is improved, and the efficiency of guiding fire escape is improved.
On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a guide scheme of the standby escape passage. Referring to fig. 5, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step D01) adding the position of a roof entrance of the building;
d02) recording sub-areas which need to be passed by the constructors to the entrance position of the roof as standby escape passages;
step D03) exhausting all the spare escape channels of each constructor, and taking the spare escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal spare escape channel corresponding to the constructor;
and D04) when the danger degree scores of all escape channels of the constructors are larger than a preset value, taking the optimal standby escape channel as the escape channel.
The fire usually spreads upwards, smoke also rises upwards, so that the fire should escape downwards in principle, and the fire escape guiding system can also preferentially indicate an escape passage with a low downward danger score, but for constructors at high floors, the fire is usually in a violent burning stage when the fire is found, if the fire is not clearly seen, the fire rushes downwards, and the ignition source is just below, so the fire is trapped in the middle due to the spread of the fire. Therefore, the embodiment provides a guidance scheme for a standby escape route for escaping to a roof, which exhales all standby escape routes to the roof for constructors on a high floor or constructors on a middle floor but with all risk scores of the downward escape routes being larger than a preset value, and takes the standby escape route to the roof with the lowest risk score as the optimal standby escape route for the corresponding constructors.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a building construction fire escape guiding system, configured to execute the building construction fire escape guiding method as described above, with reference to fig. 6, including:
the region dividing module 4 is used for dividing the construction region of each floor into a plurality of sub-regions, and each sub-region comprises a sub-region range, an adjacent port position and a sub-region risk degree score;
the monitoring module 5 is used for acquiring a monitoring image of the construction area;
the identification processing module 6 is used for identifying the smoke in the monitoring image, obtaining the position of the smoke and updating the risk degree score of the sub-area according to the position of the smoke and the range of the sub-area;
and the route indicating module 7 is used for planning and exhaustively exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, calculating the danger degree score of the escape channel, and indicating the optimal escape channel for the corresponding constructor according to the danger degree score of the escape channel.
On the other hand, in this embodiment, when the identification processing module 6 calculates the risk score of the escape route, the following steps are performed:
predicting the risk score of the sub-region after T time, and recording as the presumed risk score of the sub-region;
taking the sum of the presumed risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the presumed risk degree score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average value of the presumed risk degree scores of the sub-regions and the presumed risk degree scores of the escape channels as final risk degree scores of the escape channels.
In this embodiment, the indication terminal for indicating the optimal escape route for the corresponding constructor is not limited. In an example, a mobile phone terminal can be selected as an indicating terminal for indicating an optimal escape passage for a corresponding constructor, and when the Internet of things of a certain building construction site identifies that the constructor carries the mobile phone into the building construction site, a central service station corresponding to the fire escape guiding system forcibly places an escape map into the mobile phone through a wireless network and reminds the owner of the constructor. Because the number of people in a building construction site cannot be accurately grasped, the fixed terminal cannot meet the requirement of one person, but the mobile phone also has the networking function, the screen display function, the external playing function and the WIFI (hotspot) opening function, so that the mobile phone also meets the hardware requirement of the terminal. And the mobile phone has certain advantages: (1) the popularization rate of the mobile phone is high; (2) the mobile phone can be carried about and is more easily obtained. Therefore, the mobile phone is a device with potential as a mobile terminal. The use of the mobile phone terminal needs to cooperate with a mobile phone manufacturer to customize a mobile phone system. When the mobile phone enters a new building construction site, the Internet of things system forcibly puts the escape passage map corresponding to the building construction site into the background according to the position of the user after recognizing that the mobile phone enters the range of the building construction site, and when the position changes, the system automatically updates the corresponding map. When no fire occurs, the escape map is always hidden in the background, and when the mobile phone is identified to leave the building construction site, the background automatically deletes the map data packet of the building construction site, so that the space of the mobile phone is saved. And when entering other building construction sites, the building is continuously and forcibly placed. When a fire breaks out, a map in the background is activated and forcibly displayed on a screen of the mobile phone. And simultaneously displaying the escape map, the position of the fire and the position of the user on the screen.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer device, referring to fig. 7, the computer device 8 includes a memory 9, a processor 10, and a computer program 11 stored in the memory 9 and executable on the processor 10, and when the computer program 11 is executed by the processor 10, the method for guiding fire escape in building construction is implemented.
The Processor 10 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the Processor 10 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital Signal Processors (DSPs), application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), field-Programmable Gate arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or may be any conventional processor 10.
The memory 9 stores a program code, and the program code can be executed by the processor 10, so that the processor 10 executes any one of the building construction fire escape guiding methods described in the specification. The storage 9 may in some embodiments be an internal storage unit of the computer device 8, such as a hard disk or a memory of the computer device 8. The memory 9 may also be an external storage device of the computer device 8 in other embodiments, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), etc. provided on the computer device 8. Further, the memory 9 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the computer device 8.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, and when the computer program 11 is executed by the processor 10, the method for guiding fire escape in building construction as described above is implemented.
A computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without limitation to such specific embodiments. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (14)
1. A building construction fire escape guiding method which is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas, wherein each sub-area comprises a sub-area range, an adjacent port position and a sub-area risk degree score, the initial value of the sub-area risk degree score is 0, and adding a building exit position;
acquiring a monitoring image of a construction area, identifying smoke in the monitoring image, entering the next step if the smoke is identified, and executing the step again after waiting for a preset time if the smoke is not identified;
obtaining the position of the smoke, and updating the risk score of the sub-region according to the position of the smoke and the range of the sub-region;
the construction personnel form an escape passage to a subregion through which the construction personnel need to pass from the position of the building exit;
taking the sum of the risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the risk degree score of the escape passage;
and exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, and taking the escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal escape channel corresponding to the constructor.
2. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 1,
the method for dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas comprises the following steps:
acquiring a room area, a corridor area and a stair area of each floor, and taking each room area, corridor area and stair area as a sub-area plane range respectively;
stretching the plane range of the sub-area according to the height of a floor to form a sub-area range;
adjacent positions of the room area and the corridor area and the stair area are obtained, and the adjacent positions are used as corresponding adjacent port positions.
3. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 2,
the corridor area is divided into a number of segments, each segment establishing a sub-area.
4. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 1,
the method for identifying the smoke in the monitoring image comprises the following steps:
extracting a color area of a preset color range in the monitored image;
and if the pixel area covered by the color area exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that smoke exists in the monitored image, otherwise, judging that smoke does not exist in the monitored image.
5. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 1,
the method for updating the sub-region risk score comprises the following steps:
periodically acquiring the position of the smoke;
and updating the sub-region risk degree score according to the position of the smoke and the sub-region range.
6. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 5,
the method for acquiring the position of the smoke comprises the following steps:
acquiring an infrared image of smoke, and determining a floor where a fire exists;
projecting smoke in the infrared image to a preset wall surface, and recording as smoke projection;
projecting the range of the sub-region to a preset wall surface, namely projecting the sub-region;
and increasing the risk degree score of the sub-area with the overlapping of the sub-area projection and the smoke projection by a preset value.
7. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 6,
predicting the risk score of the sub-region after T time, and recording the risk score as the presumed risk score of the sub-region;
taking the sum of the presumed risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the presumed risk degree score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average value of the presumed risk degree scores of the sub-regions and the presumed risk degree scores of the escape channels as final risk degree scores of the escape channels.
8. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 7,
the method for predicting the risk score of the sub-region after T time comprises the following steps:
and taking the time when the sub-region risk score is greater than 0 for the first time as the starting time, calculating the average speed k of the change of the sub-region risk score between the current time and the starting time, adding k x T to the sub-region risk score, and taking the calculated value as the presumed risk score of the sub-region.
9. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 8,
and adding k1 k T to the risk score of the subregion, wherein k1 is a preset coefficient, and taking the calculated value as the presumed risk score of the subregion.
10. A building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in claim 1,
adding the position of a roof entrance of the building;
recording the sub-area which is required to pass by the constructor to the entrance position of the roof as a standby escape passage;
exhausting all the spare escape channels of each constructor, and taking the spare escape channel with the lowest risk score as the optimal spare escape channel corresponding to the constructor;
and when the risk degree scores of all escape channels of the constructors are greater than a preset value, taking the optimal standby escape channel as the escape channel.
11. A building construction fire escape guiding system is characterized by comprising:
the area division module is used for dividing the construction area of each floor into a plurality of sub-areas, each sub-area comprises a sub-area range, an adjacent port position and a sub-area risk degree score, the initial value of the sub-area risk degree score is 0, and the position of a building exit is recorded;
the monitoring module is used for acquiring a monitoring image of the construction area;
the identification processing module is used for identifying the smoke in the monitoring image, obtaining the position of the smoke and updating the risk score of the sub-region according to the position of the smoke and the range of the sub-region;
and the route indicating module is used for planning and exhaustively exhausting all escape channels of each constructor, calculating the danger degree score of the escape channel, and indicating the optimal escape channel for the corresponding constructor according to the danger degree score of the escape channel.
12. A building construction fire escape guiding system as claimed in claim 11,
when the identification processing module calculates the danger degree score of the escape passage, the following steps are executed:
predicting the risk score of the sub-region after T time, and recording as the presumed risk score of the sub-region;
taking the sum of the presumed risk degree scores of all the sub-areas included in the escape passage as the presumed risk degree score of the escape passage;
and calculating a weighted average value of the presumed risk degree scores of the sub-regions and the presumed risk degree scores of the escape channels as final risk degree scores of the escape channels.
13. A computer apparatus, characterized in that,
the computer device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the computer program when executed by the processor realizes a building construction fire escape guiding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.
14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that,
the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a building construction fire escape guidance method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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