CN115831406A - Natural circulation separation effect experimental device and experimental method thereof - Google Patents
Natural circulation separation effect experimental device and experimental method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115831406A CN115831406A CN202211513582.4A CN202211513582A CN115831406A CN 115831406 A CN115831406 A CN 115831406A CN 202211513582 A CN202211513582 A CN 202211513582A CN 115831406 A CN115831406 A CN 115831406A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural circulation separation effect experimental device and a test method thereof, wherein the natural circulation separation effect experimental device comprises a test loop, and the test loop comprises a condenser, a preheater and test heating equipment; form closed circulation circuit through the pipe connection between condenser and the pre-heater, this closed circulation circuit is experimental return circuit, form the kickdown section between the export of condenser and the entry of condenser, the kickdown section is experimental heating section, experimental firing equipment sets up on experimental heating section, and whole experimental return circuit is installed on motion platform. The experimental device has dynamic self-feedback characteristics similar to those of a prototype and can be used for simulating natural circulation characteristics of the prototype.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reactor thermal hydraulic experiment, in particular to a natural circulation separation effect experimental device and a test method thereof.
Background
The natural circulation is a physical phenomenon that a fluid in a gravity field does not depend on external power and is driven to circularly flow only by a gravity pressure difference formed by a density difference and a height difference of the fluid. By utilizing the physical phenomenon, independent heat sources and cold sources with different heights are connected through pipelines to form a loop system, the fluid is driven to circularly flow by the gravity pressure difference of the fluid in the loop, the energy output of the heat sources is realized, and the circular flow heat transfer system with the dynamic self-feedback characteristic is formed.
When the reactor operates under the natural circulation working condition, the radiation noise of mechanical equipment of a primary circuit system such as a main pump and the like is fundamentally eliminated by closing the main pump; and when the power supply of the power system or the main pump breaks down, the reactor core can be cooled by means of natural circulation of the system, decay waste heat is brought out, and the intrinsic safety of the reactor is improved.
The natural circulation has system characteristics different from forced circulation, parameters such as loop system flow under the working condition of the natural circulation are in pulsating states of different degrees, all the parameters are mutually coupled and matched, when the parameters are influenced by external conditions (such as motion conditions), the change of one parameter often causes the cooperative change of other parameters in the whole system, and the coupling matching characteristics of all the parameters of the system are closely related to the operation working condition, the system structure characteristics, the motion conditions and the like of the whole system. Parameters such as loop system flow under natural circulation working conditions are in pulsating states of different degrees, the parameters are mutually coupled and matched, and the transient change of local parameters caused by external reasons (such as under a motion strip) can cause the cooperative change of other parameters in the whole system.
In order to develop a natural circulation basic research under static and moving conditions, examine the influence of single factors such as heating power, cold and hot core height difference, loop resistance distribution characteristics and the like on natural circulation characteristics, simulate the natural circulation characteristics of a prototype, and establish a natural circulation separation effect basic experimental device capable of simulating the natural circulation characteristics of the prototype.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a natural circulation separation effect experimental device and a test method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the natural circulation separation effect experimental device comprises a test loop, wherein the test loop comprises a condenser, a preheater and test heating equipment;
form closed circulation circuit through the pipe connection between condenser and the pre-heater, this closed circulation circuit is experimental return circuit, form the kickdown section between the export of condenser and the entry of condenser, the kickdown section is experimental heating section, experimental firing equipment sets up on experimental heating section, and whole experimental return circuit is installed on motion platform.
The invention has a cold core and a hot core, which are respectively a condenser and test heating equipment, and the motion platform can realize the simulation of motion conditions such as inclination, lifting and submerging, swinging and the like.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
deionized water in the test loop rises through the heating of the ascending section, enters the descending section after being cooled by the condenser, and then flows into the ascending section again through the preheater to form a natural circulation loop.
By reasonably designing the specific structure of the test loop, the invention can develop the basic experimental research on the flow heat transfer characteristic, the flow instability, the boiling criticality and the like of the coolant of the rod bundle channel and the rectangular channel under the natural circulation working condition by the test loop and the dynamic self-feedback characteristic similar to a prototype.
The invention realizes the natural circulation of the whole device by reasonably arranging all the devices
Further, the device also comprises a voltage stabilizer, wherein the voltage stabilizer is communicated with the test loop through a pipeline.
The voltage stabilizer leads the test loop to have the voltage stabilizing capability
Further, the connection end of the voltage stabilizer and the test loop is a pipeline between the test heating equipment and the condenser.
Furthermore, the descending section is provided with an adjusting valve, a Venturi flowmeter and a thermometer, and the ascending section is provided with a thermometer and a pressure gauge at two ends of the test heating equipment; the test circuit is also provided with a pore plate resistance adjusting piece, the pore plate resistance adjusting piece is specifically a plate with a through hole, the size of the hole can be adjusted according to the required flow, the shape of the plate can be circular, and the shape of the hole can also be circular.
The resistance that above-mentioned setting can realize testing the return circuit is adjustable, satisfies the resistance characteristic of adjusting the test return circuit.
Furthermore, the experimental heating equipment is detachably arranged on the ascending section, so that the experimental section is replaceable.
Furthermore, a vertical straight pipe section is added at the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the condenser, so that the height of the condenser is increased.
Has the characteristic of wide range of thermal parameters.
Further, still include the auxiliary circuit, the auxiliary circuit passes through the hose and test return circuit intercommunication, be provided with canned motor pump, filter, venturi flowmeter and stop valve on the test return circuit, supply tap water in to the auxiliary circuit through the water pump.
The auxiliary loop mainly has the functions of completing water filling, air exhausting, flushing and pressurizing of the device and initial cold and hot state debugging of the loop; before the formal experiment is started, the connecting valve of the auxiliary part and the functional part bracket is closed, and the functional part independently forms a natural circulation loop.
Furthermore, an electromagnetic flowmeter and an adjusting valve are sequentially arranged at the cooling water inlet end of the condenser.
The test method of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device comprises the following steps:
s1, based on the overall arrangement characteristics of a prototype reactor and a loop system, modeling by adopting system analysis software Relap5.0, calculating and researching to obtain the coupling matching characteristics of the prototype among various system parameters under the natural circulation working condition, and obtaining the natural circulation characteristics of the prototype;
s2, based on analysis of a prototype natural circulation flow rule, preliminarily designing a natural circulation separation effect experimental device by adopting the principles of similar resistance distribution and similar flow pulsation rule, carrying out preliminary calculation analysis on the natural circulation separation effect experimental device by adopting system analysis software Relap5.0, modifying preliminary design parameters of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device on the basis of comparison analysis of a prototype calculation result, and repeatedly carrying out iterative calculation to obtain design parameters of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device meeting the characteristics of the prototype natural circulation, wherein the design parameters comprise pipe diameter, loop length, the structure of test heating equipment, the structure of a condenser and the structure of a preheater;
s3, processing and manufacturing test heating equipment, a condenser, a preheater and a pipeline according to design parameters, and constructing a natural circulation separation effect experimental device;
s4, carrying out debugging work of the detailed natural circulation separation effect experimental device, obtaining the operating characteristics, the parameter coupling matching characteristics, the natural circulation flow parameter range and the dynamic self-feedback characteristics of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device under the initial condition, comparing and analyzing the operating characteristics, the parameter coupling matching characteristics, the natural circulation flow parameter range and the dynamic self-feedback characteristics with the calculation results of the prototype and the experimental simulation device, and confirming that the condition that the natural circulation separation effect experimental device can accurately simulate the thermal boundary conditions of the inlet and the outlet of the reactor core of the prototype is met;
and S5, carrying out basic experimental research under a natural circulation working condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
by reasonably designing the specific structure of the test loop, the invention can develop the basic experimental research on the flow heat transfer characteristic, the flow instability, the boiling criticality and the like of the coolant of the rod bundle channel and the rectangular channel under the natural circulation working condition by the test loop and the dynamic self-feedback characteristic similar to a prototype.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the experimental apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a single-phase natural circulation flow experiment graph;
FIG. 3 is a two-phase natural circulation flow experimental curve.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-pressure stabilizer, 2-preheater, 3-test heating equipment, 4-motion platform, 5-condenser, 6-electromagnetic flowmeter, 7-hose, 8-filter, 9-canned motor pump, 10-venturi flowmeter, 11-stop valve, 12-pressure gauge, 13-thermometer and 14-regulating valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the natural circulation separation effect experimental device comprises a test loop, wherein the test loop comprises a condenser 5, a preheater 2 and a test heating device 3;
the condenser 5 and the preheater 2 are connected through a pipeline to form a closed circulation loop, the closed circulation loop is a test loop, a descending section is formed between an outlet of the condenser 5 and an inlet of the condenser 5, an ascending section is formed between an outlet of the condenser 5 and an inlet of the condenser 5, the ascending section is a test heating section, the test heating equipment 3 is arranged on the test heating section, and the whole test loop is arranged on the moving platform 4; the descending section is provided with an adjusting valve 14, a Venturi flowmeter 10 and a thermometer 13, and the ascending section is provided with the thermometer 13 and a pressure gauge 12 at two ends of the test heating equipment 3; the cooling water inlet end of the condenser 5 is sequentially provided with an electromagnetic flowmeter 6 and an adjusting valve 14, the test loop is also provided with a pore plate resistance adjusting piece, the pore plate resistance adjusting piece is specifically a plate with a through hole, the size of the pore can be adjusted according to the required flow, the shape of the plate can be circular, and the shape of the pore can also be circular; the height of the rising section in the test loop was 1.8m and the initial head difference of the cold and hot cores (i.e. the condenser and the test heating apparatus) was 2.0.
The test method of this example includes the following steps:
s1, based on the overall arrangement characteristics of a prototype reactor and a loop system, modeling by adopting system analysis software Relap5.0, calculating and researching to obtain the coupling matching characteristics of the prototype among various system parameters under the natural circulation working condition, and obtaining the natural circulation characteristics of the prototype;
s2, based on analysis of a prototype natural circulation flow rule, preliminarily designing a natural circulation separation effect experimental device by adopting the principles of similar resistance distribution and similar flow pulsation rule, carrying out preliminary calculation analysis on the natural circulation separation effect experimental device by adopting system analysis software Relap5.0, modifying preliminary design parameters of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device on the basis of comparison analysis of a prototype calculation result, and repeatedly carrying out iterative calculation to obtain design parameters of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device meeting the characteristics of the prototype natural circulation, wherein the design parameters comprise pipe diameter, loop length, the structure of the test heating equipment 3, the structure of the condenser 5 and the structure of the preheater 2;
in this example, the design parameters of the experimental apparatus for cyclic separation effect are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Maximum working pressure | 17MPa | Total height of experimental facility | 3.0m |
| |
350℃ | Initial potential difference of cold and hot core | 2.0m |
| Maximum experimental flow | 0.2kg/s | Height of ascending section | 1.8m |
| Maximum mass flow rate | 700kg/m2s | Preheater power | 80kW |
S3, processing and manufacturing the test heating equipment 3, the condenser 5, the preheater 2 and the pipeline according to design parameters, and constructing a natural circulation separation effect experimental device;
s4, carrying out debugging work of the detailed natural circulation separation effect experimental device, obtaining the operating characteristics, the parameter coupling matching characteristics, the natural circulation flow parameter range and the dynamic self-feedback characteristics of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device under the initial condition, comparing and analyzing the operating characteristics, the parameter coupling matching characteristics, the natural circulation flow parameter range and the dynamic self-feedback characteristics with the calculation results of the prototype and the experimental simulation device, and confirming that the condition that the natural circulation separation effect experimental device can accurately simulate the reactor core inlet and outlet thermal boundary conditions of the prototype is met;
s5, carrying out a rectangular channel experiment body under a natural circulation working condition, and carrying out natural circulation experiment research: along with the increase of the heating power of the body, the flow form in the channel sequentially goes through the stages of single-phase natural circulation, underheat stable two-phase natural circulation, unstable system flow, stable two-phase natural circulation, natural circulation boiling criticality and the like. As shown in the single-phase and two-phase natural circulation flow curves of FIGS. 2 and 3, according to the experimental debugging results, the maximum natural circulation flow of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device is 700kg/m 2 And s, the requirements of natural circulation basic experiment research can be met.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1:
the device also comprises a voltage stabilizer 1, wherein the voltage stabilizer 1 is communicated with the test loop through a pipeline; the pipeline between experimental firing equipment 3 and condenser 5 is connected with the link of experimental return circuit to stabiliser 1.
In this embodiment, the regulator 1 has a nitrogen gas space therein to buffer the excessive pressure change of the test loop caused by thermal expansion or contraction of the loop.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1:
the test heating equipment 3 is detachably arranged on the ascending section; and vertical straight pipe sections are added at the outlet of the condenser 5 and the inlet of the condenser 5, so that the height of the condenser is increased.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1:
still include the auxiliary circuit, the auxiliary circuit passes through hose 7 and test circuit intercommunication, be provided with canned motor pump 9, filter 8, venturi flowmeter 10 and stop valve 11 on the test circuit, supply tap water in to the auxiliary circuit through the water pump.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The natural circulation separation effect experimental device is characterized by comprising a test loop, wherein the test loop comprises a condenser (5), a preheater (2) and test heating equipment (3);
form closed circulation circuit through the pipe connection between condenser (5) and pre-heater (2), this closed circulation circuit is experimental return circuit, form the kickdown between the export of condenser (5) and the entry of condenser (5), the kickdown is experimental heating section, experimental firing equipment (3) set up on experimental heating section, and whole experimental return circuit is installed on motion platform (4).
2. The natural circulation separation effect experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the device further comprises a voltage stabilizer (1), and the voltage stabilizer (1) is communicated with the test loop through a pipeline.
3. The natural circulation separation effect experimental device according to claim 2, wherein the connection end of the voltage stabilizer (1) and the test loop is a pipeline between the test heating equipment (3) and the condenser (5).
4. The experimental device for natural circulation separation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the descending section is provided with a regulating valve (14), a venturi flow meter (10) and a thermometer (13), and the ascending section is provided with a thermometer (13) and a pressure gauge (12) at both ends of the test heating equipment (3); and the test loop is also provided with a pore plate resistance adjusting piece.
5. The experimental apparatus for natural circulation separation effect according to claim 1, wherein the experimental heating device (3) is detachably disposed on the rising section.
6. The natural circulation separation effect experiment device according to claim 1, wherein a vertical straight pipe section is added at the outlet of the condenser (5) and the inlet of the condenser (5) to increase the height of the condenser.
7. The experimental device for the natural circulation separation effect according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary loop, wherein the auxiliary loop is communicated with the test loop through a hose (7), a shielding pump (9), a filter (8), a venturi flow meter (10) and a stop valve (11) are arranged on the test loop, and tap water is supplemented into the auxiliary loop through a water pump.
8. The experimental device for natural circulation separation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling water inlet end of the condenser (5) is provided with an electromagnetic flowmeter (6) and a regulating valve (14) in sequence.
9. The method for testing a natural circulation separation effect experimental apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, based on the overall arrangement characteristics of a prototype reactor and a loop system, modeling by adopting system analysis software Relap5.0, calculating and researching to obtain the coupling matching characteristics of the prototype among various system parameters under the natural circulation working condition, and obtaining the natural circulation characteristics of the prototype;
s2, based on analysis of a prototype natural circulation flow rule, preliminarily designing a natural circulation separation effect experimental device by adopting the principles of similar resistance distribution and similar flow pulsation rule, carrying out preliminary calculation analysis on the natural circulation separation effect experimental device by adopting system analysis software Relap5.0, modifying preliminary design parameters of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device on the basis of comparison analysis of a prototype calculation result, and repeatedly carrying out iterative calculation to obtain design parameters of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device meeting the characteristics of the prototype natural circulation, wherein the design parameters comprise pipe diameter, loop length, the structure of test heating equipment (3), the structure of a condenser (5) and the structure of a preheater (2);
s3, processing and manufacturing the test heating equipment (3), the condenser (5), the preheater (2) and the pipeline according to design parameters, and constructing a natural circulation separation effect experimental device;
s4, carrying out debugging work of the detailed natural circulation separation effect experimental device, obtaining the operating characteristics, the parameter coupling matching characteristics, the natural circulation flow parameter range and the dynamic self-feedback characteristics of the natural circulation separation effect experimental device under the initial condition, comparing and analyzing the operating characteristics, the parameter coupling matching characteristics, the natural circulation flow parameter range and the dynamic self-feedback characteristics with the calculation results of the prototype and the experimental simulation device, and confirming that the condition that the natural circulation separation effect experimental device can accurately simulate the thermal boundary conditions of the inlet and the outlet of the reactor core of the prototype is met;
and S5, carrying out basic experimental research under a natural circulation working condition.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116884655A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Method and device for determining influence of external force field on thermal safety, nuclear reactor and equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116884655A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Method and device for determining influence of external force field on thermal safety, nuclear reactor and equipment |
| CN116884655B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-11-10 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Method and device for determining influence of external force field on thermal safety, nuclear reactor and equipment |
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