CN107727421B - Experimental system for simulating secondary side working condition of steam generator - Google Patents
Experimental system for simulating secondary side working condition of steam generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107727421B CN107727421B CN201710827535.XA CN201710827535A CN107727421B CN 107727421 B CN107727421 B CN 107727421B CN 201710827535 A CN201710827535 A CN 201710827535A CN 107727421 B CN107727421 B CN 107727421B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/002—Thermal testing
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- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of a steam generator, which comprises a steam generator simulator, a steam generating device, a steam-water mixer, a fan, a circulating pump, a first pipeline and a second pipeline. The fan, the steam-water mixer and the steam generator simulation body are interconnected through the first pipeline to form a loop, the circulating pump, the steam-water mixer and the steam generator simulation body are interconnected through the second pipeline to form two loops, and the outlet end of the steam generating device is connected to the first loop, wherein the first loop is used for enabling saturated steam to flow therein, the second loop is used for enabling saturated water to flow therein, and the steam-water mixer is used for enabling the saturated steam and the saturated water to enter the steam generator simulation body after being mixed therein. The invention can realize the energy circulation and working medium circulation of the secondary side of the steam generator, thereby reducing the required heat source power and reducing the test expense.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thermodynamic hydraulic experiment simulation system, in particular to an experiment system for simulating the secondary side working condition of a steam generator of a nuclear power station.
Background
The steam generator is key equipment in a nuclear island system of a nuclear power station, and a great amount of experimental researches on the key equipment of the steam generator are developed in the research and development and design process of a novel nuclear pile, so that the steam generator is a necessary way for the prototype design improvement of the steam generator. The main functions of the steam generator simulator are to simulate the energy exchange process between the primary side and the secondary side of the steam generator prototype in the nuclear island and the thermodynamic and hydraulic characteristics inside the steam generator prototype. The experiment requires that in a steam generator simulator, the total enthalpy value of water and inlet steam at the secondary side is higher, the conventional electric heating element cannot meet the requirement, and a high-power electric heating element (20 MW level) is generally required to be equipped for an experiment system or a working medium with high enthalpy value of a power plant is required to be searched as a heat source.
In addition, the existing experimental device for simulating the working condition of the secondary side of the steam generator comprises an experimental device for simulating the waste heat discharging system of the secondary side of the steam generator, cold source simulators or heat exchangers are arranged on the secondary side of the steam generator, heat of the secondary side is discharged, the heat of the secondary side of the steam generator cannot be recycled, and a high-power heat source is required to be configured as an energy input or a high-enthalpy working medium of a power plant is required to be used as a heat source.
For example, a test device for simulating a secondary side waste heat discharge system of a steam generator is provided in chinese patent application publication No. CN105608979a, and includes a heat source simulator, a cold source simulator, a final heat sink heat exchanger, a final heat sink water tank, a first pipe, and a second pipe. In the test device, the heat of the secondary side of the steam generator is provided by the heat source simulator, and the heat of the secondary side of the steam generator is transmitted to the final heat sink water tank through the final heat sink heat exchanger, so that the heat cannot be recycled, the power required by the heat source simulator is larger, and the structural design of the heat source simulator is more difficult due to the larger design power.
In the experimental system for constructing the initial working condition of the secondary side of the steam generator provided by Chinese patent application publication No. CN106289834A, a primary side U-shaped heat transfer tube bundle and a coil heat exchanger are directly arranged in a steam space of a secondary side cylinder, the primary side U-shaped heat transfer tube bundle is provided with an electric heating element, and the coil heat exchanger is arranged at the upper part of the steam space of the secondary side cylinder, so that the control of the temperature, the pressure and the liquid level in the secondary side cylinder of the steam generator is realized through the combined action of the electric heating element and the coil heat exchanger so as to meet the requirements. However, firstly, two devices of an electric heating element and a coil heat exchanger are added in the steam generator body, so that the original structure of the steam generator prototype is changed, secondly, the heat of the secondary side of the steam generator is also taken out of the secondary side cylinder, the cyclic utilization of the heat cannot be realized, and the steam of the secondary side of the steam generator is obtained by heating saturated single-phase water, so that the power required by the electric heating element is also larger, in addition, the realization system can indirectly regulate the steam-water proportion of the secondary side of the steam generator by regulating the liquid level, only the regulation of steady-state working condition can be realized, and the regulation precision is difficult to ensure when the transient working condition experiment is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems by providing an experimental system for simulating the working condition of the secondary side of the steam generator aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the energy circulation and working medium circulation of the secondary side of the steam generator can be realized, so that the required heat source power is reduced, and the experimental expense is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator is provided, and the rapid and accurate adjustment of the secondary side steam-water flow ratio of the steam generator under the steady-state and transient working conditions can be realized.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems by providing an experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of a steam generator, aiming at the defects in the prior art, and equipment such as a heating element, a heat exchanger and the like are not required to be additionally arranged in the steam generator simulation body, so that the steam generator simulation body is ensured to fully respect a prototype to perform structural parameter modeling, and modeling distortion is reduced.
The invention provides an experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of a steam generator, which comprises a steam generator simulation body, a steam generating device, a steam-water mixer, a fan, a circulating pump, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein the fan, the steam-water mixer and the steam generator simulation body are interconnected through the first pipeline to form a loop, the circulating pump, the steam-water mixer and the steam generator simulation body are interconnected through the second pipeline to form a two-loop, the outlet end of the steam generating device is connected into the one-loop, the one-loop is used for allowing saturated steam to flow therein, the second loop is used for allowing saturated water to flow therein, and the steam-water mixer is used for allowing the saturated steam and the saturated water to enter the steam generator simulation body after being mixed therein.
Preferably, in the first loop, a steam outlet end of the steam generator simulation body is connected to a first inlet end of the steam-water mixer through the fan by the first pipeline; in the two loops, the water outlet end of the steam generator simulation body is connected to the second inlet end of the steam-water mixer through the circulating pump by the second pipeline; the outlet end of the steam-water mixer is connected to the inlet end of the steam generator simulation body through the first pipeline or the second pipeline.
Preferably, the steam generating device injects saturated steam into the first loop and saturated water into the second loop through the outlet end of the steam generating device, and the inlet end of the steam generating device is connected with a water supplementing loop which is connected with an external water source and comprises a water supplementing pipeline and a water supplementing valve arranged on the water supplementing pipeline.
Preferably, the experiment system further comprises a temperature-regulating preheater arranged in the loop and positioned between the outlet of the fan and the first inlet end of the steam-water mixer.
Preferably, the experiment system is further provided with a first valve and a second valve in the first loop and the second loop, respectively, wherein the first valve is arranged at the outlet of the fan, and the second valve is arranged at the outlet of the circulating pump.
Preferably, the fan is a multistage variable frequency fan.
Preferably, the experiment system is further provided with a plurality of flow meters in the primary circuit and the secondary circuit.
Preferably, the plurality of flow meters include a first flow meter and a second flow meter respectively provided at a first inlet end and a second inlet end of the steam-water mixer, and a third flow meter provided at a steam outlet end of the steam generator simulator.
Preferably, the first flowmeter is a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter; the second flowmeter is a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a venturi flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter; the third flowmeter is a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter.
Preferably, the experimental system further comprises a steam discharge circuit comprising a discharge pipe and a discharge valve provided on the discharge pipe, wherein the discharge pipe is in communication with the one circuit.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the experimental system for simulating the working condition of the secondary side of the steam generator inputs the saturated steam generated by the secondary side of the steam generator simulator into the loop again to enter the saturated steam circulation of the loop, so that the cyclic utilization of the saturated steam of the secondary side of the steam generator can be realized, namely, the energy circulation and the working medium circulation of the secondary side can be realized, the steam flow requirement with larger enthalpy value of the secondary side of the steam generator can be met under the condition of adopting a lower-power heat source, and therefore, the engineering experiment of the large-scale steam generator, such as the steam-water separator experiment and the dryer experiment of the steam generator, can be carried out with lower-power input, and the experimental cost can be reduced; and the steam generating device with lower power is used as a heat source of the experimental system, so that the design difficulty of the heat source is reduced. And secondly, the experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator is simple in structure, and equipment such as a heating element and a heat exchanger are not additionally arranged in the steam generator simulation body, so that the steam generator simulation body is ensured to fully respect the prototype to perform structural parameter modeling, and modeling distortion is reduced. In addition, the experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator can roughly adjust the saturated steam flow and the saturated water flow by the fan and the circulating pump, finely adjust the saturated steam flow and the saturated water flow by the first valve and the second valve, realize the rapid and accurate adjustment of the saturated steam flow and the saturated water flow of the secondary side inlet end of the steam generator under steady state and transient working conditions, solve the problem of difficult adjustment of the steam flow proportion of the secondary side inlet end of the steam generator, and realize flexible adjustment of the steam flow proportion of the secondary side of the steam generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an experimental system for simulating secondary side conditions of a steam generator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator comprises a steam generator simulator 1, a fan 2, a steam-water mixer 3, a steam generating device 4, a circulating pump 5, a first pipeline 18 and a second pipeline 19. Wherein the fan 2, the steam-water mixer 3 and the steam generator simulator 1 are interconnected by a first pipe 18 to form a circuit 7, the circuit 7 being used for the saturated steam to flow therein; the circulation pump 5, the steam-water mixer 3 and the steam generator simulator 1 are interconnected by a second pipe 19 to form a second circuit 8, which second circuit 8 is intended for the flow of saturated water therein.
In a circuit 7, the steam outlet end of the steam generator simulation body 1 is connected to the first inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3 via the fan 2 by means of a first pipe 18; in the second circuit 8, the water outlet end of the steam generator analog body 1 is connected to the second inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3 through the circulating pump 5 by a second pipe 19; and the outlet end of the steam-water mixer 3 is connected to the inlet end of the steam generator analog body 1 via a first pipe 18 or a second pipe 19.
That is, the first inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3 is connected to a circuit 7 for supplying saturated steam in the circuit 7 into the steam-water mixer 3; the second inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3 is connected to the second loop 8 for the saturated water in the second loop 8 to enter the steam-water mixer 3; the saturated steam and the saturated water entering the steam-water mixer 3 are mixed in the steam-water mixer, and then enter the steam generator simulation body 1 from the inlet end of the steam generator simulation body 1 through the outlet end of the steam-water mixer 3 so as to perform heat exchange.
The saturated steam and saturated water are supplied from the steam generating means 4. The inlet end of the steam generating device 4 is connected with a water supplementing loop which is connected with an external water source and comprises a water supplementing pipeline 9 and a water supplementing valve 10 arranged on the water supplementing pipeline 9, wherein the water supplementing pipeline 9 is connected to the inlet end of the steam generating device 4. The outlet end of the steam generating device 4 is connected to a circuit 7, whereby saturated steam is injected into the circuit 7 and saturated water is injected into the two circuits 8. In the present embodiment, the outlet end of the steam generating device 4 is connected between the fan 2 and the first inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3, but not limited thereto.
A temperature-regulating preheater 6 is also provided in the circuit 7 for energy compensation of the heat dissipation of the circuit, so that the steam temperature in the circuit 7 is kept to meet the parameter requirements. In the present embodiment, the temperature-adjusting preheater 6 is disposed between the outlet of the fan 2 and the first inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3, but not limited thereto, and may be disposed at other positions between the steam outlet end of the steam generator simulator 1 and the first inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3. The temperature-adjusting preheater 6 may be used for direct-current heating or alternating-current heating.
In addition, in the present embodiment, electric regulating valves, such as the first valve 16 and the second valve 14, are respectively disposed in the first circuit 7 and the second circuit 8 to regulate the saturated steam flow in the first circuit 7 and the saturated water flow in the second circuit 8. Wherein, the first valve 16 is arranged between the outlet of the fan 2 and the temperature-regulating preheater 6, and the second valve 19 is arranged between the outlet of the circulating pump 5 and the second inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3. It should be noted here that in the present invention, the fan 2 and the circulation pump 5 may also be used to adjust the saturated steam flow in the primary loop 7 and the saturated water flow in the secondary loop 8, respectively, but the fan 2 and the circulation pump 5 are used to make a coarse adjustment, and the first valve 16 and the second valve 14 may make a fine adjustment.
The experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator can be provided with a plurality of flow meters so as to measure the saturated steam flow or the saturated water flow at corresponding positions in the loop in real time, and further, the saturated steam flow and the saturated water flow are convenient to adjust. For example, as shown in fig. 1, in the first loop 7 and the second loop 8, a first flowmeter 15 and a second flowmeter 13 are respectively arranged at a first inlet end and a second inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3 so as to respectively measure the flow rate of saturated steam and the flow rate of saturated water entering the steam-water mixer 3 in real time; a third flowmeter 17 is provided at the secondary side steam outlet end of the steam generator simulator 1 to measure the steam flow rate at the outlet end in real time. Based on the real-time measurement results, the saturated steam flow and the saturated water flow are correspondingly regulated by the fan 2, the circulating pump 5, the first valve 16 and the second valve 14 so as to meet parameter requirements. The first flowmeter 15 may be a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter, the second flowmeter 13 may be a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a venturi flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter, and the third flowmeter 17 may be a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter.
In order to facilitate the discharge of steam in a circuit 7 for pressure regulation, the experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of a steam generator according to the present invention is connected to a circuit 7, and the steam discharge circuit includes a discharge pipe 11 and a discharge valve 12 disposed on the discharge pipe 11, wherein the discharge pipe 11 is in communication with the circuit 7, and in this embodiment, the discharge pipe 11 is connected to a pipe near the steam outlet end of the steam generator simulator 1, but not limited thereto, and may be disposed at other positions of the circuit 7.
Next, the operation of the experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1.
Firstly, an external water source supplements water to the steam generating device 4, the primary loop 7 and the secondary loop 8 through a water supplementing pipeline 9. Then, the discharge valve 12 on the discharge pipe 11 communicating with the one circuit 7 is opened, and the water in the steam generating device 4 is heated and boiled by using the electric heating element as a heat source, so that the steam generating device 4 inputs the saturated steam thus generated into the one circuit 7. Then, regulating the water level of the secondary side of the steam generator simulation body 1 to meet the parameter requirements, continuously heating up and boosting, and opening a second valve 14 in the secondary loop 8 and starting a circulating pump 5 after the water level, pressure and temperature of the secondary side of the steam generator simulation body 1 meet the parameter requirements, so as to realize saturated water circulation in the secondary loop 8; the first valve 16 in the first loop 7 is opened, the fan 2 is started, and the saturated steam circulation in the first loop 7 is realized. At this time, the saturated steam in the first loop 7 and the saturated water in the second loop 8 enter the steam-water mixer 3 through the first inlet end and the second inlet end of the steam-water mixer 3 respectively, and enter the secondary side of the steam generator simulation body 1 after being mixed by the steam-water mixer 3, and the heat exchange is completed in the steam generator simulation body 1, wherein the saturated steam becomes saturated steam after receiving heat, and enters the first loop 7 again through the steam outlet end of the steam generator simulation body 1 to enter the saturated steam circulation; the saturated steam releases heat to become saturated water, and the saturated water enters the two loops 8 through the water outlet communicated with the two loops 8 by the steam generator simulation body 1 and enters the saturated water circulation. When the saturated steam in the loop 7 circulates, the temperature-regulating preheater 6 in the loop 7 is started to perform energy compensation on loop heat dissipation, and the temperature of the saturated steam in the loop 7 is kept to meet the parameter requirement by regulating the power of the temperature-regulating preheater 6.
In the working process of the experimental system, the saturated steam flow in the primary loop 7 can be roughly regulated by regulating the frequency of the fan 2 in the primary loop 7, and the fan 2 can be a multistage variable-frequency fan; adjusting the frequency of the circulation pump 5 of the second circuit 8 can then achieve a rough adjustment of the saturated water flow in the second circuit 8. The fine adjustment of the saturated steam flow in the first loop 7 and the saturated water flow in the second loop 8 is realized by adjusting the opening of the first valve 16 and the second valve 14 respectively.
Therefore, the experimental system for simulating the working condition of the secondary side of the steam generator inputs the saturated steam generated by the secondary side of the steam generator simulator 1 into the loop 7 again to enter the saturated steam circulation of the loop 7, so that the cyclic utilization of the saturated steam of the secondary side of the steam generator can be realized, namely the cyclic utilization of the heat of the secondary side can be realized, and the steam flow requirement of a larger enthalpy value of the secondary side of the steam generator can be met under the condition of adopting a lower-power heat source, therefore, the engineering experiment of the large-scale steam generator, such as the steam generator steam-water separator experiment and the steam generator dryer experiment, can be carried out with lower-power input, and the experimental cost is reduced; and the steam generating device with lower power is used as a heat source of the experimental system, so that the design difficulty of the heat source is reduced. Secondly, the experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator is simple in structure, and equipment such as a heating element and a heat exchanger are not additionally arranged in the steam generator simulation body 1, so that the steam generator simulation body 1 is guaranteed to fully respect the prototype to perform structural parameter modeling, and modeling distortion is reduced. In addition, the experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator can roughly adjust the saturated steam flow and the saturated water flow by the fan 2 and the circulating pump 5, finely adjust the saturated steam flow and the saturated water flow by the first valve 16 and the second valve 14, realize the rapid and accurate adjustment of the saturated steam flow and the saturated water flow of the secondary side inlet end of the steam generator under steady state and transient working conditions, solve the problem of difficult adjustment of the steam flow proportion of the secondary side inlet end of the steam generator, and realize flexible adjustment of the steam flow proportion of the secondary side of the steam generator.
Claims (10)
1. The experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of the steam generator is characterized by comprising a steam generator simulation body, a steam generating device, a steam-water mixer, a fan, a circulating pump, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein the fan, the steam-water mixer and the steam generator simulation body are interconnected through the first pipeline to form a loop, the circulating pump, the steam-water mixer and the steam generator simulation body are interconnected through the second pipeline to form a second loop, an outlet end of the steam generating device is connected into the first loop, the first loop is used for allowing saturated steam to flow therein, the second loop is used for allowing saturated water to flow therein, and the steam-water mixer is used for allowing the saturated steam and the saturated water to be mixed therein and then enter the steam generator simulation body.
2. The system for modeling the secondary side operating condition of a steam generator of claim 1, wherein in said first circuit, a steam outlet end of said steam generator modeling body is connected to a first inlet end of said steam-water mixer via said fan by said first conduit; in the two loops, the water outlet end of the steam generator simulation body is connected to the second inlet end of the steam-water mixer through the circulating pump by the second pipeline; the outlet end of the steam-water mixer is connected to the inlet end of the steam generator simulation body through the first pipeline or the second pipeline.
3. The experimental system for simulating the secondary side operation of a steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the steam generator is configured to inject saturated steam into the first circuit and saturated water into the second circuit through the outlet end of the steam generator, and the inlet end of the steam generator is connected to a water supplementing circuit, the water supplementing circuit is connected to an external water source and comprises a water supplementing pipeline and a water supplementing valve arranged on the water supplementing pipeline.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising a attemperation preheater disposed in the first circuit between the outlet of the fan and the first inlet end of the steam-water mixer.
5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a first valve and a second valve disposed in the first circuit and the second circuit, respectively, wherein the first valve is disposed at an outlet of the blower and the second valve is disposed at an outlet of the circulation pump.
6. The experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of a steam generator of claim 1, wherein the fan is a multi-stage variable frequency fan.
7. The system for simulating the secondary side operation of a steam generator of claim 2, further comprising a plurality of flow meters disposed in said primary circuit and said secondary circuit.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the plurality of flow meters includes first and second flow meters disposed at first and second inlet ends of the steam-water mixer, respectively, and a third flow meter disposed at a steam outlet end of the steam generator simulator.
9. The experimental system for simulating the secondary side working condition of a steam generator according to claim 8, wherein the first flowmeter is a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter; the second flowmeter is a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a venturi flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter; the third flowmeter is a vortex shedding flowmeter, an electromagnetic flowmeter or an ultrasonic flowmeter.
10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a steam vent circuit comprising a vent conduit and a vent valve disposed on the vent conduit, wherein the vent conduit is in communication with the one circuit.
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| CN110987491B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-11-17 | 上海交通大学 | Steam-water separation performance thermal state test system based on steam closed cycle |
| CN113188598B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2023-11-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental system for researching retention characteristics of radioactive substances in steam generator |
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