CN113609619A - Multidimensional coupling simulation method for long blade blast of low-pressure through-flow area of steam turbine - Google Patents
Multidimensional coupling simulation method for long blade blast of low-pressure through-flow area of steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multidimensional coupling simulation method for long blade blast of a low-pressure through-flow area of a steam turbine, which adopts a multidimensional quasi-three-dimensional coupling simulation method, not only obtains the detailed variable working condition performance of a circulating system by performing one-dimensional thermodynamic calculation through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software, but also performs three-dimensional numerical simulation through computational fluid dynamics analysis calculation, and simultaneously obtains the detailed physical field information in important equipment; the invention adopts the system coupling calculator, only requires the convergence of the data transmitted on the system boundary and the flow field boundary in the iterative calculation, has stronger calculation stability and smaller resource consumption; the system model establishing method is simple, only a three-dimensional complex geometric model needs to be established at key local equipment, and building block type module modeling can be carried out on the rest areas of the system through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power generation, and particularly relates to a multidimensional coupling simulation method for long blade blast in a low-pressure through-flow area of a steam turbine.
Background
With the gradual increase of the proportion of renewable energy in an energy structure, in order to solve the problem of the consumption of the renewable energy in a power system, a thermal power generating unit is often in a deep peak regulation operation condition. Along with the reduction of the load factor of the thermal power generating unit, the steam inlet flow of the unit is reduced, the flow form of the low-pressure through-flow area of the steam turbine working under the working condition of small volume flow is changed, and the airflow is driven by the blade fan row in an inert form to extrude out of the blade grid channel to form blast. The blast friction phenomenon can lead to the steam turbine blade cascade passageway local high temperature region that appears, and serious person will make the inner casing thermal deformation, influences the central uniformity of quiet part, and then can threaten the safe operation of unit.
Thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software is widely used in the design, optimization, modification and operation processes of a power station thermodynamic system at present. The thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software is modeled by a building block module and adopts one-dimensional system parameter analysis and calculation, so that various schemes can be quickly designed, the parameters of the schemes are optimized, the variable working condition operation of a thermodynamic system is simulated, and the one-dimensional thermodynamic parameters of the system are calculated. However, the method cannot acquire important detailed information of a three-dimensional physical field in the thermodynamic system equipment, such as a steam turbine cylinder, and uncertainty of a calculation result can be caused. Compared with a one-dimensional thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis program, the computational fluid dynamics software can carry out fine simulation computational analysis on the flow heat transfer phenomenon in the three-dimensional geometric region by solving a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes viscous flow equation. However, when the system structure and physical phenomena are complex, the amount of computation consumed by computational fluid dynamics analysis also presents a great challenge to the computational power of the current computer.
In conclusion, a multidimensional coupling simulation method for coupling thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis and computational fluid dynamics analysis methods is developed and adopted, namely, thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software is used for carrying out modeling configuration on system components such as a boiler, a main reheating steam pipeline, a high-pressure cylinder, an intermediate-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder, a system regenerative steam extraction pipeline, a high-pressure and low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a water feeding pump, a condensate pump, a condenser, a shaft seal heater and the like in a steam cycle and carrying out subsequent one-dimensional system parameter analysis and calculation to obtain basic cycle parameters and save calculation resources, pressure, temperature, flow and steam thermodynamic characteristic parameter values at a low-pressure cylinder inlet and each steam extraction port of each low-pressure area, which are calculated by the thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software, are used as initial boundary conditions and are provided to a computational fluid dynamics computational analysis model to carry out three-dimensional solution on a low-pressure cylinder body blowing core area, fine physical results in the critical component are obtained.
The multi-dimensional quasi-three-dimensional coupling simulation method not only outputs the variable working condition performance of the circulating system through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software, but also obtains detailed physical field information in important equipment through computational fluid dynamics analysis software. Therefore, the position of the highest temperature zone of the blast air under the working condition of small-capacity flow can be reasonably determined in the low-pressure through-flow area of the steam turbine, the heating temperature rise of the blast air can be accurately evaluated, and the method has great significance for guaranteeing the safety of the normalized peak regulation operation of the thermal power unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a multidimensional coupling simulation method for long blade blast in a low-pressure through-flow area of a steam turbine, which not only obtains the variable working condition performance of a circulating system through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software, but also obtains detailed physical field information in important equipment through computational fluid dynamics analysis software, thereby determining the position of blast heating and accurately evaluating the blast heating temperature rise in the low-pressure through-flow area of the steam turbine under the working condition of small-capacity flow.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned objects,
compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a multi-dimensional quasi-three-dimensional coupling simulation method, not only obtains the detailed variable working condition performance of the circulating system by one-dimensional thermodynamic calculation through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software, but also carries out three-dimensional numerical simulation through computational fluid dynamics analysis calculation, and simultaneously obtains the detailed physical field information in important equipment; the invention adopts the system coupling calculator, only requires the convergence of the data transmitted on the system boundary and the flow field boundary in the iterative calculation, has stronger calculation stability and smaller resource consumption; the system model establishing method is simple, only a three-dimensional complex geometric model needs to be established at key local equipment, and building block type module modeling can be carried out on the rest areas of the system through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention comprises the steps of:
step one, modeling a turbine thermodynamic system through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software and computational fluid dynamics analysis and calculation software respectively;
modeling by the thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software through a building block module and analyzing and calculating by adopting one-dimensional system parameters, and carrying out fine simulation calculation analysis on the flow heat transfer phenomenon in the three-dimensional geometric area of the gravity component by solving a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes viscous flow equation through the computational fluid dynamics software;
step three, according to a steam-water thermodynamic equilibrium diagram of the steam turbine thermodynamic system, providing initial boundary conditions required by thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis and calculation, and calculating steam-water circulation parameters under different working conditions through a nonlinear equation generator and an iterative solver;
calculating a thermal characteristic parameter value obtained by thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software as an initial boundary condition, and providing the thermal characteristic parameter value to a computational fluid dynamics computational analysis model for performing through-flow computational analysis on the low-pressure cylinder in the key area;
fifthly, calculating and analyzing results after convergence and post-processing the results to further obtain the meridional plane velocity vector distribution, the meridional plane temperature distribution and the pressure distribution of the low-pressure through-flow area and the velocity vector distribution, the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the cascade channel at the blade height of 10-90%;
and step six, repeating the step three to the step five, completing the calculation of the preset full working condition, realizing the multidimensional coupling calculation of the blowing working condition of the long blade in the low-pressure through-flow area, finally finding out the highest blowing temperature interval and the flow stable area, and performing accurate prediction and evaluation on the blowing of the long blade in the low-pressure through-flow area.
Example (b):
the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a turbine thermodynamic system is modeled through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software and computational fluid dynamics analysis and calculation software, wherein the thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software is adopted to model and calculate the subsequent one-dimensional system parameters of a boiler, a main reheating steam pipeline, a turbine high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder, a system reheating steam extraction pipeline, a high-low pressure heater, a deaerator, a water feeding pump, a condensate pump, a condenser, a shaft seal heater and other system components in steam circulation; and further performing three-dimensional modeling on the regenerative steam extraction ports of the low-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder area of the steam turbine by adopting computational fluid dynamics software, and performing subsequent flow visualization analysis and calculation.
The main method for modeling through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software in the first step is as follows:
(1) selecting corresponding components to establish a frame according to the structure of the thermodynamic system;
(2) inputting parameters of the frame model according to the system design parameters;
(3) inputting parameters of boiler elements such as main steam pressure, main steam temperature, main steam pressure loss, reheat steam temperature, reheat steam pressure loss and the like;
(4) increasing a flow boundary component in the main steam pipeline and setting a main steam flow;
(5) establishing a model of each stage group component of the steam turbine and inputting extraction pressure and extraction enthalpy value of each stage;
(6) additionally arranging a pressure loss element on the steam extraction pipe section and setting pressure loss parameters;
(7) increasing a pressure boundary component in a steam exhaust pipeline of the steam turbine and setting exhaust pressure;
(8) adding an enthalpy boundary component in a steam turbine exhaust pipeline and setting exhaust enthalpy;
(9) establishing a high-low pressure heater assembly model in a steam-water system and setting a heater end difference;
(10) establishing a condenser and circulating water and other cold end component models and setting circulating water inlet pressure, temperature and outlet water temperature or condenser end difference;
the main method for modeling by computational fluid dynamics software in the first step is as follows:
(1) establishing a full-circle multistage model of a low-pressure flow area by referring to a real flow structure of a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine through three-dimensional modeling software according to a geometric drawing, and generating a model fluid calculation domain;
(2) respectively arranging static rotating components in the model in static and rotating calculation domains according to the actual physical boundary of the model;
(3) carrying out grid planning to generate a plurality of structured grids, wherein the calculated grids need to meet the technical requirements that the maximum length-width ratio is less than 30 and the orthogonal angles are all more than 45 degrees so as to ensure better orthogonality;
(4) when the grids are generated, the grid encryption is carried out on the wall surface so as to meet the requirement of Y + < 1;
(5) when the grids are generated, O-shaped skin grids are arranged on the surfaces of the circulating stage moving and static blades, and H-shaped grids are arranged at the inlet and outlet extension sections of the main runner;
step two, providing initial boundary conditions required by thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis and calculation according to a designed steam-water thermodynamic equilibrium diagram of the steam turbine thermodynamic system, and calculating inlet pressure, temperature, flow and steam thermodynamic characteristic parameters of the low-pressure cylinder and pressure, temperature, flow and steam thermodynamic characteristic parameters of each steam extraction port of each low-pressure area under the design working condition through a nonlinear equation set generator and an iterative solver according to the initial boundary conditions of the design working condition;
and step three, taking pressure, temperature, flow and steam thermal characteristic parameter values of the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder and each steam extraction port of each low-pressure area, which are calculated by thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software, as initial boundary conditions, and providing the initial boundary conditions to a computational fluid dynamics computational analysis model, wherein a main flow inlet of the low-pressure cylinder is provided with a total temperature and total pressure boundary according to transmitted data, an exhaust steam guide ring outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is provided with a static pressure boundary, a rotating domain is provided with a rotating speed, a dynamic and static interface is provided with a mixed surface model, and the rest of solid wall surfaces are provided with smooth and heat insulation conditions.
Step four, calculating the Navier-Stokes equation set of the fluid dynamics calculation analysis software for solving turbulence calculation Reynolds time through the flow solver numerical value, wherein the specific form is as follows:
in the formula, the value ranges of the indexes i and j are (1,2 and 3);
is the reynolds stress.
And introducing a Boussinesq turbulence model hypothesis, closing a Navier-Stokes equation set when turbulence is calculated and reynolds, wherein the specific form is as follows:
the discrete format of the solver is a high-precision second-order difference cellular format.
And fifthly, calculating and analyzing results after convergence are obtained through calculation and post-processing is carried out, and further the meridional plane velocity vector distribution, the meridional plane temperature distribution and the pressure distribution of the low-pressure through-flow area and the velocity vector distribution, the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution in the cascade channel at the blade height of 10-90% are obtained. And calculating the absolute values of physical quantities such as pressure, temperature and speed values at grid nodes in the domain.
And step six, repeating the step two to the step five, completing the calculation of the preset full working condition, obtaining the calculation result under the working condition of 100% THA to 5% THA, realizing the multidimensional coupling calculation of the blowing working condition of the long blade in the low-pressure through-flow area, and finally finding out the highest blowing temperature range and the flow stable area by analyzing the velocity vector distribution, the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution of the cascade channels at different steam inlet flow working conditions and different blade height positions, and performing accurate prediction evaluation on the blowing of the long blade in the low-pressure through-flow area.
The invention provides a coupling simulation calculation method from a system to local equipment, which has stronger universality and is suitable for most computational fluid dynamics software such as CFX, NUMCA, FLUENT and the like.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-dimensional coupling simulation method for long blade blast of a low-pressure through-flow area of a steam turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a frame model for the turbine thermodynamic system through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software and computational fluid dynamics analysis and calculation software;
s2, according to a steam-water thermal equilibrium diagram of the steam turbine thermal system, combining with the frame model configuration analysis of the steam turbine thermal system to calculate the required initial boundary conditions, and according to the initial boundary conditions of the design working condition, through a nonlinear equation set generator and an iterative solver, calculating the inlet pressure, temperature, flow and thermal characteristic parameters of steam of the low-pressure cylinder under the design working condition and the pressure, temperature, flow and thermal characteristic parameters of steam at each steam extraction port of each low-pressure area;
s3, calculating pressure, temperature, flow and steam thermodynamic characteristic parameter values at the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder and each steam extraction port of each low-pressure area according to the framework model configuration analysis of the steam turbine thermodynamic system, and providing the pressure, temperature, flow and steam thermodynamic characteristic parameter values at the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder and each steam extraction port of each low-pressure area as initial boundary conditions to a computational fluid dynamics computational analysis model;
s4, the computational fluid dynamics computational analysis model solves a turbulence flow through a flow solver numerical value to calculate a Navier-Stokes equation set during Reynolds;
s5, analyzing and post-processing a result after convergence of a Navier-Stokes equation set during turbulence calculation to obtain meridian plane velocity vector distribution, meridian plane temperature distribution and pressure distribution of a low-pressure through-flow area, velocity vector distribution, temperature distribution and pressure distribution in a cascade channel at a 10-90% blade height, and calculating the physical quantity absolute values of pressure, temperature and velocity values at grid nodes in a domain;
and S6, repeating S2 to S5, completing calculation of preset full working conditions, obtaining a calculation result under the working conditions of 100% THA to 5% THA, realizing multi-dimensional coupling calculation of the blowing working conditions of the long blade in the low-pressure through-flow area, and finally finding out a blowing highest temperature interval and a flow stable area by analyzing the velocity vector distribution, the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution of the cascade channels at different steam inlet flow working conditions and different blade height positions, and performing accurate prediction evaluation on blowing of the long blade in the low-pressure through-flow area.
2. The method for the multidimensional coupling simulation of the long blade blast in the low-pressure through-flow area of the steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the method for establishing the frame model of the thermodynamic system of the steam turbine through thermodynamic modeling configuration analysis software comprises the following steps:
selecting corresponding components according to the structure of the thermodynamic system of the steam turbine to establish a frame model;
inputting parameters of the frame model according to the design parameters of the thermodynamic system of the steam turbine;
inputting boiler element parameters in the frame model;
adding a flow boundary component in a main steam pipeline in the frame model and setting a main steam flow;
establishing a component model of each stage group of the steam turbine and inputting extraction pressure and extraction enthalpy values of each stage;
adding a pressure loss element and setting pressure loss parameters on a steam extraction pipe section in the frame model;
adding a pressure boundary component in a steam turbine exhaust pipeline in the frame model and setting exhaust pressure;
adding an enthalpy boundary component in a steam turbine exhaust pipeline and setting exhaust enthalpy;
establishing a high-low pressure heater assembly model in a steam-water system and setting a heater end difference;
and establishing models of cold end components such as a condenser and circulating water and the like, and setting circulating water inlet pressure, temperature and outlet water temperature or condenser end difference.
3. The multidimensional coupling simulation method for the long blade blast of the low-pressure through-flow area of the steam turbine according to claim 2, wherein computational fluid dynamics software is adopted to carry out three-dimensional modeling on regenerative steam extraction ports of low-pressure cylinder and low-pressure cylinder areas of the steam turbine, and subsequent flow visualization analysis calculation is carried out.
4. The method for the multidimensional coupling simulation of the long blade blast in the low-pressure through-flow area of the steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the method for establishing the framework model of the thermodynamic system of the steam turbine by computational fluid dynamics analysis and calculation software comprises the following steps:
establishing a full-circle multistage model of a low-pressure flow area by referring to a real flow structure of a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine according to a geometric drawing, and generating a model fluid calculation domain;
respectively arranging static rotating components in the frame model in static and rotating calculation domains according to the actual physical boundary of the frame model of the turbine thermodynamic system;
carrying out mesh planing to generate a plurality of structured meshes;
when the grids are generated, the grids are encrypted on the wall surface;
when the grids are generated, O-shaped attached grids are arranged on the surfaces of the movable and stationary blades of the through-flow stage, and H-shaped grids are arranged at the inlet and outlet extension sections of the main runner.
5. The multidimensional coupling simulation method for the long blade blast of the low-pressure through-flow area of the steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein in S3, a main flow inlet of an inlet of a low-pressure cylinder is provided with a total temperature and total pressure boundary according to transmitted data, an outlet of an exhaust steam guide ring of the low-pressure cylinder is provided with a static pressure boundary, a rotating field is provided with a rotating speed, a dynamic and static interface is provided with a mixed surface model, and the rest solid wall surfaces are provided with smooth and heat-insulating conditions.
6. The method for multi-dimensional coupling simulation of long blade blast of a low-pressure through-flow area of a steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein in S4, a mean Navier-Stokes equation system for turbulence calculation at Reynolds time is as follows:
in the formula, the value ranges of the indexes i and j are 1,2 and 3;
is the Reynolds stress;
introducing a Boussinesq turbulence model hypothesis, and closing a Navier-Stokes equation set for turbulence calculation in Reynolds, wherein the specific form is as follows:
the discrete format of the solver is a high-precision second-order difference cellular format.
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| CN114528657A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Energy loss dimensionality reduction coupling method and system, computer equipment and readable storage medium |
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