CN113685796B - Method for determining steam purging parameters of boiler tubes of power station - Google Patents
Method for determining steam purging parameters of boiler tubes of power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN113685796B CN113685796B CN202110816071.9A CN202110816071A CN113685796B CN 113685796 B CN113685796 B CN 113685796B CN 202110816071 A CN202110816071 A CN 202110816071A CN 113685796 B CN113685796 B CN 113685796B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/52—Washing-out devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
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- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining steam purging parameters of a boiler tube of a power station. The method mainly solves the problem that when the steam purging is carried out on the boiler tube of the power station by the existing means, the optimal purging parameter cannot be accurately determined. The key points of the technical scheme are as follows: and establishing an equivalent model under three working conditions of BMCR, BRL and THA through a Froude similarity criterion, and introducing a momentum coefficient K to determine and control the steam purge parameter. Further, a plurality of groups of steam flow velocity values are set, a corresponding momentum coefficient K is calculated, on the premise that the momentum coefficient meets the condition, the joint simulation of EDEM and Fluent is carried out, and the influence of different steam flow velocity values on the oxide scale accumulation amount at the elbow of the boiler tube is examined. Simulation experiments are carried out by adopting two austenitic pipes with L-type and U-type and the quality of the oxide skin accumulated at the elbow of the boiler pipe is counted after the experiments, and if a certain steam flow rate value promotes the oxide skin not to accumulate any more, the value is the optimal blowing parameter for blowing the steam of the boiler pipe of the power station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining steam purging parameters of a boiler tube of a power station, and belongs to the field of power station boilers.
Background
Austenitic boiler tubes find wide application in the field of power generation due to their excellent combination of properties. However, in the process of generating power in a power station, a steam side oxidation phenomenon occurs in a boiler tube during long-time high-temperature and high-pressure operation, and the steam side oxidation phenomenon becomes a bottleneck which is difficult to break through in the power station. Steam purging is commonly used in engineering to sweep utility boiler tubes. However, the steam purging parameters are difficult to accurately determine, so that too long a purging period can cause not only an increase in purging cost, but also a delay in starting of a large-sized unit, resulting in an extension of a test run period. Therefore, the method for determining the steam purging parameters is researched, so that the purging efficiency can be greatly improved; on the other hand, the purging parameter adjustment is timely carried out aiming at different working conditions, so that the optimal purging working conditions can be ensured, and the time and cost of steam purging are greatly reduced.
At present, the selection of parameters of the steam blowing pipe is often obtained through an empirical theoretical calculation formula, for example, the patent application of the invention with the publication number of CN104566413A discloses a method for quickly selecting parameters of the blowing pipe of a boiler. Dividing a formal system and a temporary system of a blowpipe into a plurality of small sections, and respectively calculating resistance coefficients lambda L/D of the formal system and the temporary system, wherein lambda represents an on-way resistance coefficient, L represents the length of a pipeline, and D represents the diameter of the pipeline; then, according to the flow ratio curve, the flow coefficient alpha under the corresponding total resistance coefficient is searched; according to formula g=0.0244 αd 2 P 0 (1/T 0 ) 1/2 Calculating the steam flow of the blowpipe, wherein G represents the steam flow of the blowpipe, alpha represents the flow coefficient and P 0 Is the gas of the blowpipeBag pressure, T 0 Indicating the water at pressure P 0 The saturation temperature, d, below, represents the pipe diameter. After the blowpipe steam flow is calculated, the pressure drop of each section is further calculated, and according to the resistance coefficient and the inlet steam parameter of each section, the pressure drop is sequentially calculated backwards from the inlet of the primary superheater until reaching the outlet of the secondary reheater, and the outlet steam parameter is calculated. In the calculation process, the inlet steam parameters of the primary superheater adopt steam drum parameters, the outlet steam parameters of the former section are used as the inlet steam parameters of the latter section, when the pressure drop of each section is calculated, the outlet pressure is firstly assumed to obtain the average specific volume, then the pressure drop is calculated according to the resistance coefficient to obtain the outlet pressure, and a plurality of iterations are carried out until the error meets the requirement. Finally judging whether the calculated blowpipe coefficient meets the blowpipe coefficient K or not according to the calculated blowpipe coefficient>1, if not, adjusting the blowpipe parameter, namely the drum pressure P 0 The calculation is re-performed until the appropriate blow tube coefficients are obtained. The method not only calculates more parameters, but also calculates the parameters of each section of pipeline, and when the actual steam blowing pipe is changed along with the change of the parameters of the boiler, the corresponding steam parameters are changed, so that the parameters are recalculated, and although the errors can be reasonably controlled, the process is too complicated and time is consumed.
Another example of the invention patent application with publication number CN105157047B discloses a 1045MW ultra supercritical coal-fired unit boiler blowpipe debugging method and system. After cold flushing is performed on the boiler, the pipeline on the side of the desuperheater and the reheater is flushed at the side of the desuperheater, and the boiler is flushed at a hot state. And controlling the boiler to perform temperature rise and pressure rise operation, putting the boiler into a pulverizing system to perform trial blowing treatment, flushing a water vapor side pipeline of the superheater and the reheater, and blowing a high-pressure bypass pipeline. And controlling the boiler to perform heating and boosting operation, and performing series connection depressurization and purging of the primary steam system and the secondary steam system, and purging the high-pressure bypass pipeline and the boiler blowpipe steam pipeline. And controlling the boiler to perform heating and boosting operation, and performing series connection depressurization and purging of the primary and secondary steam systems until the target plate inspection meets the preset conditions, and purging the soot blowing steam pipeline of the residual body of the boiler and the small-machine high-pressure steam inlet pipeline. The method needs to be debugged continuously by means of a powder preparation system and during cleaning of the blowpipe, the time period is long, and the optimal purging parameters cannot be accurately determined.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a method for determining steam purge parameters for utility boiler tubes, which has the following advantages: the optimal steam blowing parameters can be determined only through simulation, simulation data for counting different boiler working conditions can be collected before the steam blowing pipe, and the steam blowing pipe can be performed by utilizing the optimal blowing pipe parameters through consulting the data when the steam blowing pipe is blown, so that the effect of twice the effort is achieved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a method for determining steam purging parameters of a boiler tube of a power station comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, according to a similarity theory, simulating to perform model scaling by adopting a Froude similarity criterion, wherein the length scale is k l ＝0.67。
The boiler tube scaling model and prototype should satisfy both geometric approximation, motion similarity and dynamic similarity. Three similar scale length scales k l Speed scale k v Density scale k ρ For the basic scale, the gravity scale may establish a scaling relationship according to the basic scale, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 three-major-condition prototype model parameter correspondence table under Froude model
And 2, establishing an equivalent model of the boiler tube under three working conditions of BMCR, BRL and THA according to the Froude similarity criterion, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 steam ratio parameters under Standard operating conditions
Step 3Under any of the conditions BMCR, BRL and THA, the steam flow value is calculated by g=a×c/V, and then based on k=gc/G 0 C 0 ＝G2V/G 0 2V 0 Calculating a momentum coefficient K, where K is required>1, a step of; wherein A is the cross-sectional area of the pipeline in units of: mm (mm) 3 ；G、G 0 Rated flow in units of purging and rated working conditions: t/h; C. c (C) 0 Steam flow rate in units of purge and rated conditions: m/s; v, V 0 The specific heat capacity of steam in units of purging and rated working conditions: m is m 3 /kg。
And 4, respectively establishing an L-shaped boiler tube equivalent model and a U-shaped boiler tube equivalent model under the Froude similarity criterion, firstly establishing an oxide scale particle discrete phase in the EDEM, wherein the discrete element shedding oxide scale model parameters corresponding to the oxide scale parameters are shown in a table 3, secondly setting a speed inlet, a pressure outlet and boundary conditions in the Fluent, defining the material properties of the boiler tube, and setting a plurality of groups of speed gradients meeting the condition of a momentum coefficient K.
TABLE 3 discrete element sloughing scale model parameters corresponding to scale parameters
Table 3 shows discrete element scale model parameters corresponding to scale parameters
And 5, selecting a plurality of groups of steam flow velocity values as velocity inlets in a Fluent interface, adopting Phase Coupled SIMPLE as a solving method, selecting Euler-Lagrange (Euler-Lagrange) as an EDEM coupling mode, and selecting an Euler double-fluid framework for the interface to perform coupling simulation.
And 6, counting the accumulation amount of oxide scales at the corners of the boiler tubes of the L-shaped power station and the U-shaped power station under different steam flow rates, and carrying out data statistics by using Origin drawing software to obtain the optimal steam purging parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) And by adopting a joint simulation mode, labor and material resources are saved, and economic benefit is improved.
(2) The optimal steam purging parameter values of different boiler pipeline parameters under different working conditions can be accurately simulated.
(3) The optimal steam blowing pipe parameters under different working conditions can be simulated through the EDEM-Fluent joint, the steam blowing pipe optimal parameter table is manufactured, and when the steam blowing pipe is actually used, the steam blowing pipe can be subjected to optimal blowing parameters by referring to the table, so that the time is greatly saved, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a model diagram of a discrete element-hydrodynamic force joint simulation L-shaped boiler tube
FIG. 3 is a model diagram of a discrete element-hydrodynamic force joint simulation U-shaped boiler tube
FIG. 4 is a graph of different operating conditions K-C (momentum coefficient versus steam flow rate)
FIG. 5 is a graph of scale mass versus time at a power plant boiler tube elbow
FIG. 6 is a graph showing distribution of oxide scale particles of different masses at a bend
FIG. 7 is a graph of distribution of oxide scale particles of different masses over the outlet of a utility boiler tube
FIG. 8 is a graph of scale mass versus steam flow rate at an L-pipe bend
FIG. 9 is a graph of scale mass versus steam flow rate at a U-tube bend
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
the invention adoptsRespectively establishing L and U-shaped models for simulation analysis, and obtaining optimal steam parameters, wherein the method mainly comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, in order to meet the requirements of the EDEM-Fluent joint simulation, a base is adopted for the simulationAnd performing coupling analysis on the scaling model of the original model. According to actual working conditions and fluid similarity criteria, a extensive Froude model method is adopted to carry out scaling simulation, and the length scale is taken as k l =0.67; in the froude model method:
k v ＝k l 0.5
from the model prototype of the same material and substance, k ρ =1.0, and satisfies
k F ＝k l 3
Wherein k is g Gravity scale, k l For length scale, k v For speed scale, k ρ A density scale, v is the flow rate; g is gravity acceleration; l is the characteristic length;is Froude number; p and m are subscripts, representing the prototype and model, respectively.
And 2, establishing an equivalent model of the boiler tube under three working conditions of a maximum output working condition BMCR of the boiler, a rated working condition BRL and a heat rate acceptance working condition THA through a Froude similarity criterion. Steam flow values for BMCR, BRL, and THA operating conditions are 2381.44t/h, 2305.65t/h, and 2291.87t/h, respectively. The corresponding pressures of the steam outlets are 5.75MPa, 5.56MPa and 5.53MPa respectively; the temperature changes corresponding to the steam inlet and the steam outlet are respectively 360-623 ℃, 353-623 ℃ and 353-623 ℃. The unit totals 936 pipes, one pipe is simulated in the simulation, and the average steam flow values of single pipe steam flows under the working conditions of BMCR, BRL and THA are respectively 2.54t/h, 2.46t/h and 2.45t/h.
Step 3, under the three working conditions, calculating the steam flow value through G=A×C/V, and then according to K=GC/G 0 C 0 ＝G 2 V/G 0 2 V 0 The momentum coefficient K is calculated, wherein the calculation result of K is shown in fig. 4. Wherein A is the cross-sectional area of the pipeline in units of: mm (mm) 3 ；G、G 0 Rated flow in units of purging and rated working conditions: t/h; C. c (C) 0 Steam flow rate in units of purge and rated conditions: m/s; v, V 0 The specific heat capacity of steam in units of purging and rated working conditions: m is m 3 /kg。
And 4, respectively establishing an L-shaped boiler tube equivalent model and a U-shaped boiler tube equivalent model under the Froude similarity criterion, adopting a radius range of a sphere of the oxide skin particles corresponding to the given parameters of the EDEM model to be 0.8mm-1.8mm, adopting a particle generation mode of radom, ensuring randomness, reducing errors, properly increasing a rolling friction coefficient between the EDEM model and a tube wall for fitting practical conditions, and taking static friction and rolling friction coefficients between the oxide skin particles and the tube wall to be 0.6 and 0.5 respectively in the EDEM software parameter setting, wherein a contact model between the oxide skin particles adopts standard Hertz-Mindin (no slip) and Hertz-Mindlin with heat conduction built-in optimal models. The fluid in the boiler tube of the power station is equivalent to superheated steam at the temperature of 353-623 ℃, the density and viscosity coefficient of the fluid are greatly changed compared with the temperature at room temperature, the pressure in the superheated tube is 5.53-5.75Mpa, and the density of the steam is 10.35-11.81kg/m 3 Viscosity coefficient of 3.28X10 -5 kg/m-s. Assignment of values to plant boiler tubes at the Fluent operating interface, poisson's ratio of 0.305 and shear modulus of elasticity of 7.28X10 10 Density of 7930kg/m 3 The turbulence mode is set as standardK-epsilon mode of (c). The steam flow rate of the overheating pipeline is generally 30-50m/s, and the corresponding steam flow rate through the speed scale is 24.6-41m/s. Because the pipe diameter is in the proportionality of a certain steam flow rate and steam flow, the influence of the steam flow rate on the scale stacking state is represented by the change of the steam flow rate during EDEM-Fluent coupling simulation.
And 5, setting the joint simulation time of the EDEM-Fluent to be 5s, setting the initial temperature to be 698.15K, setting the inlet and outlet conditions to be a speed inlet and a pressure outlet in a Fluent operation interface, adopting Phase Coupled SIMPLE for a solving method, selecting Euler-Lagrange (Euler-Lagrange) as a coupling mode with the EDEM, and selecting an Euler double-fluid framework for the interface.
And 6, in the post-treatment stage, mainly counting the accumulation amount of oxide scales at the elbow of the boiler tube under different steam flow rates, and then carrying out data statistical analysis by using Origin drawing software, such as the accompanying figures 8 and 9, and obtaining the optimal steam flow rate value.
As described above, the mass of the scale particles passing through the elbow of the boiler tube increases linearly with time, which means that the scale particles generated by the particle mill flow from the velocity inlet to the pressure outlet at a certain steam flow rate, and the particle mill generates 37g of scale particles, most of which have large diameters are accumulated at the elbow, a small number of which overflow from the outlet with small diameters, and the time increases, and the mass of the scale at the elbow increases continuously, but the mass of the scale accumulated at the elbow decreases continuously with increasing steam flow rate, thus verifying the feasibility of steam purging.
When the steam blows the L pipe, the accumulation amount of oxide at the elbow can be suddenly reduced when the steam flow rate is changed between 34 and 37m/s, and the flow rate values corresponding to the sudden drops under different working conditions are slightly different. The critical flow rate is between 34m/s and 35m/s during BMCR operation, between 35m/s and 36m/s during BRL operation, and between 36m/s and 37m/s during THA operation. For U-shaped tubes, the amount of oxide accumulation at the corners suddenly drops when the steam flow rate varies from 30 to 31m/s, with critical flow rates between 34m/s and 35m/s for BMCR, 31m/s and 32m/s for BRL, and 33m/s and 34m/s for THA. According to simulation result data, corresponding critical values are analyzed when the boiler tubes with different shapes work at different steam flow rates, when the critical values are exceeded, less or no oxide is accumulated at the elbow of the pipeline, and the flow rate is the optimal steam purging flow rate.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications and substitutions are within the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for determining steam purging parameters of boiler tubes of a power station is characterized in that equivalent models of the boiler tubes under three working conditions of maximum output working condition BMCR, rated working condition BRL and heat rate acceptance working condition THA of the boiler are established by adopting Froude similarity criteria, discrete element-fluid power combined simulation models based on Froude similarity criteria of oxide scale accumulation of elbow of the boiler of the power station are established by EDEM and Fluent software, different steam flow rate values are set as speed inlets, the accumulation conditions of oxide scales at the elbow of the L-shaped and U-shaped boiler tubes under the action of different steam flow rates are analyzed, and the optimal steam purging parameters are further obtained,
the method for determining the steam purging parameters of the boiler tubes of the power station comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, according to a similarity theory, performing model scaling by adopting a Froude similarity criterion, wherein the length scale is k l =0.67; in the froude model method:
k v ＝k l 0.5
from the model prototype of the same material and substance, k ρ =1.0, and satisfies
k F ＝k l 3
Wherein k is g Gravity scale, k l For length scale, k v For speed scale, k ρ A density scale, v is the flow rate; g is gravity acceleration; l is the characteristic length;is Froude number; p and m are subscripts, which represent a prototype and a model respectively;
step 2, establishing an equivalent model of the boiler tube under three working conditions of BMCR, BRL and THA through a Froude similarity criterion;
step 3, under any working condition of BMCR, BRL and THA, calculating the steam flow value through G=A×C/V, and then according to K=GC/G 0 C 0 ＝G2V/G 0 2 V 0 Calculating a momentum coefficient K, where K is required>1, wherein: a is the cross-sectional area of the pipeline in units of: mm (mm) 3 ；G、G 0 Rated flow in units of purging and rated working conditions: t/h; C. c (C) 0 Steam flow rate in units of purge and rated conditions: m/s; v, V0 is the specific heat capacity of steam in units of purge and rated conditions, respectively: m is m 3 /kg；
Step 4, respectively establishing an L-shaped boiler tube equivalent model and a U-shaped boiler tube equivalent model under the Froude similarity criterion, firstly establishing an oxide scale particle discrete phase in the EDEM, secondly setting a speed inlet-pressure outlet and boundary conditions in the Fluent, defining the material properties of the boiler tube, and setting a plurality of groups of speed gradients meeting the condition of a momentum coefficient K;
step 5, selecting a plurality of groups of steam flow velocity values as velocity inlets in a Fluent interface, adopting Phase Coupled SIMPLE as a solving method, selecting Euler-Lagrange (Euler-Lagrange) as an EDEM coupling mode, and selecting an Euler double-fluid framework for coupling simulation;
step 6, counting the accumulation amount of oxide skin at the corners of the boiler tubes of the L-shaped power station and the U-shaped power station under different steam flow rates, and carrying out data statistics by using Origin drawing software to obtain optimal steam purging parameters;
wherein, the boiler pipeline scaling model and the prototype should simultaneously satisfy geometric approximation, motion similarity and power similarity, and the three similar scales have length scale k l Speed scale k v Density scale k ρ As a basic scale, the gravity scale can establish a scaling relationship according to the basic scale; the momentum coefficient K is the ratio of the steam momentum under the purge condition to the steam momentum under the rated condition, and according to the standard specification, the blowing pipe coefficient K is not smaller than 1, and the steam flow rate is not smaller than 30m/s.
2. The method for determining steam purging parameters of a boiler tube of a power station according to claim 1, wherein the L-shape and the U-shape in the step 4 are the most basic characteristics of the boiler tube of the power station, and the boiler tubes with the two shapes are established for simulation to be more fit with the actual situation.
3. A method for determining steam purge parameters for utility boiler tubes according to claim 1, wherein the EDEM simulation in step 4 uses a turbulent flow pattern and is set to a standard k-epsilon pattern, and the contact model between the scale particles uses standard Hertz-Mindin (no slip) and Hertz-Mindlin with heat conduction built-in optimal models.
4. A method for determining steam purge parameters for utility boiler tubes according to claim 1, wherein discrete meta-software EDEM and hydrodynamic software Fluent in step 5 are interconnected using a specially compiled udf interface, the joint simulation time is set to 5s, and the initial temperature is set to 698.15K.
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