CN115820680A - 暗黑鳃金龟HpGSTd1基因及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
暗黑鳃金龟HpGSTd1基因及其应用属于昆虫基因工程技术领域,本发明提供的来自暗黑鳃金龟参与气味降解进程的HpGSTd1基因,其DNA序列如SEQ ID No:1所示;HpGSTd1基因可在地下害虫暗黑鳃金龟防控基因工程领域中应用;通过对暗黑鳃金龟气味降解酶基因进行干扰,或抑制、干扰其蛋白活性,使其气味降解进程受阻,可作为靶标在设计和筛选暗黑鳃金龟防控药剂中应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属昆虫基因工程技术领域,具体涉及植物保护领域中控制害虫嗅觉识别的基因的发现及其应用。
背景技术
暗黑鳃金龟(HolotrichiaparallelaMotschulsky)隶属于鞘翅目,鳃金龟科。其幼虫为蛴螬,是我国大部分地区主要地下害虫之一。暗黑鳃金龟寄主广泛,其成虫可取食多种经济作物和林木的叶片,其幼虫主要通过取食植物的种子、幼苗及根茎。蛴螬生活世代长,对多种经济作物和植物的为害持久、隐蔽,是国际上公认的难于预测和防治的重要地下害虫。长期以来,我国对蛴螬等地下害虫的防治主要依赖化学农药,不仅防治效果不理想,更引发了环境污染、农药残留、生物多样性破坏和害虫抗药性增加等诸多问题。因此,亟需高效、环境友好型的暗黑鳃金龟防控策略。
嗅觉对于昆虫的生存和繁衍至关重要。昆虫依赖灵敏的嗅觉系统识别环境中的气味分子,进而完成寻找寄主、配偶、产卵地、栖息地,以及聚集同类和躲避天敌等重要生命活动。触角是昆虫的主要嗅觉器官,在触角上分布着各种嗅觉感器。气味分子通过感器上的极孔进入到感器内部,并与嗅觉感受神经元发生相互作用,这一过程主要涉及以下步骤:气味结合蛋白对气味分子的结合和转运,气味受体的激活和信号转导,以及气味信号的终止。气味受体被激活后,将气味分子的化学信号转化为电生理信号,传送给昆虫大脑,并使昆虫做出相应的行为反应。与此同时,激活气味受体后的气味分子需要被气味降解酶及时降解,从而使气味分子信号终止。若气味分子不能被及时降解,气味信号保持嗅觉受体通道打开,使昆虫嗅觉神经系统持续兴奋,最终干扰昆虫嗅觉的灵敏性和环境适应性,甚至导致昆虫过度兴奋或麻痹而死亡。因此,气味失活在昆虫的嗅觉通讯系统中起着非常重要的作用。气味降解酶是昆虫气味信号失活进程中的关键蛋白。谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(Glutathione S-transferases,GSTs)被认为是昆虫的潜在的气味降解酶。
HpGSTd1基因是一个在暗黑鳃金龟触角中高表达的基因,通过分析其功能,揭示其在暗黑鳃金龟气味降解中的作用机制,有利于鉴定新的害虫防治靶标,以及指导高效的地下害虫行为调控剂的开发,为暗黑鳃金龟绿色防控开辟新思路。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在提供一种在暗黑鳃金龟外周嗅觉识别进程中参与气味降解的基因。
本发明所提供的参与气味降解的基因来源于暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichiaparallela Motschulsky),名称为HpGSTd1基因,其DNA序列如SEQ ID No:1所示。该DNA序列为HpGSTd1基因的开放阅读框,由651个核苷酸组成。
来自暗黑鳃金龟的参与气味降解的HpGSTd1基因可在降解气味分子进程中应用,还可应用于防控暗黑鳃金龟的基因工程领域。
对来自暗黑鳃金龟的参与气味降解的HpGSTd1基因进行干扰,影响其蛋白功能,使其气味降解进程受阻,可作为靶标在设计和筛选暗黑鳃金龟防控药剂中应用。
本发明通过蛋白体外表达和活性测定,证明HpGSTd1基因对气味物质的体外降解作用,说明HpGSTd1基因是暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky)的气味降解酶基因。目前,关于HpGSTd1基因的气味降解功能方面还没有报道,本发明是第一次报道。因此,通过干扰该基因的表达,或设计、合成和筛选具有抑制其蛋白活性的化合物,开发新型害虫行为调控剂和杀虫剂等,从而能实现对暗黑鳃金龟的高效、绿色防控,即本发明所提供的HpGSTd1基因的一个重要用途是:该HpGSTd1基因的表达与其编码的蛋白质产物,可以作为重要候选靶标位点,用于暗黑鳃金龟防控药剂的设计和筛选。
附图说明
图1为HpGSTd1蛋白表达与纯化SDS-PAGE检测的电泳图;
其中:M为蛋白电泳Marker,1为空白对照(带有pET-28a空载体大肠杆菌粗提物),2为HpGSTd1蛋白诱导表达的大肠杆菌粗提物,3为HpGSTd1蛋白诱导表达的大肠杆菌超声破碎后上清溶液,4为HpGSTd1蛋白诱导表达的大肠杆菌超声破碎后沉淀物,5为纯化后的HpGSTd1蛋白。
图2为HpGSTd1蛋白对气味底物的降解效率图;
其中:反应体系包括:2uM HpGSTd1蛋白,0.5mM气味底物,50mM磷酸缓冲液(PH=7),1mM谷胱甘肽(GSH),其余用纯净水补足;对照体系1:将GSH替换为纯净水;对照体系2:将HpGSTd1蛋白替换为为热变性蛋白;对照体系3:将HpGSTd1蛋白替换为蛋白透析缓冲液。气味底物含量百分比为各体系中气味底物含量与反应前气味底物含量的百分比计算。*表示对照体系与反应体系间存在显著差异(t检验,P<0.05)。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,并通过具体的实施例描述本发明,实施例中的方法如无特别说明,均为常规方法。
本发明所用的暗黑鳃金龟是于2017年6月由衣建坤从中国河北省沧州市田间采集得到,衣建坤的联系方式为:广东省惠州市惠城区河南岸街道演达大道46号惠州学院化工楼e404;邮编:516007;手机号:13428052508。
实施例1HpGSTd1基因的相关性分析
HpGSTd1基因是通过对暗黑鳃金龟触角转录组分析获得。暗黑鳃金龟HpGSTd1基因的开放阅读框由651个核苷酸组成。
实施例2HpGSTd1基因的蛋白表达
1)HpGSTd1基因的克隆
采用引物F1(5'-TAAGAAGGAGATATACCATGGGTATCGACTTTTACTACGTACCGGGA-3')与R1(5'-GGTGGTGCTCGAGTGCGGCCGCTTTCTTTGTAAGCGAGTCGACCATCTGTTT-3'),以暗黑鳃金龟触角RNA反转录后的cDNA为模板扩增HpGSTd1基因。反应体系为:cDNA模板,2ul;正反向引物各1ul;5×PCR buffer,10μL;2.5mM dNTPs,4ul;高保真酶,1ul;ddH2O,31.5μL;扩增程序为:(1)95℃预变形1min;然后(2),95℃变性20s,60℃退火20s,72℃延伸1min,循环30次;(3)72℃延伸5min。目的基因PCR产物和酶切后的pET-28a载体进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,将正确核酸条带切胶进行胶回收。胶回收采用普通琼脂糖凝胶DNA回收试剂盒(DP209,天根,北京),操作流程参照试剂盒说明书。
2)HpGSTd1基因表达载体的构建
a.HpGSTd1基因片段与线性化载体同源重组反应
采用pEASY-Uni Seamless Cloning and Assembly Kit(CU101-03,全式金,北京)对纯化后的目的基因片段与线性化载体进行同源重组反应连接。反应体系和流程参照说明书指示,其中,10ul反应体系包括5ul 2×Assembly Mix,5-100ng线性化载体,摩尔数为线性化载体2倍的目的基因片段,其余用无核酸水补足。将反应体系轻轻混合,置于PCR仪中50℃反应15分钟。反应结束后,立即将离心管置于冰上冷却数秒。随后即可用于转化。
b.重组质粒的转化与提取
对重组质粒采用Trans1-T1(CD501-02,全式金,北京)感受态细胞进行转化。转化具体操作流程如下:将感受态细胞置于冰上至完全融化,将每50ul融化后的感受态细胞加入2ul同源重组反应产物,置于冰上孵育15-30分钟;42℃水浴50s,后立即冰浴2min;加入300ul SOC培养基,在37℃摇床中200rpm培养1小时;取100ul培养基均匀涂在平板上,之后在37℃培养箱中倒置过夜培养。第二天挑选单菌落进行PCR检测。将扩增出正确条带的菌落扩增培养,并送生工公司(上海)测序,通过序列比对确定测序基因是否正确。将测序正确的菌株进行重组质粒提取,参照质粒小提试剂盒(DP103,天根,北京)说明书进行质粒提取。
3)HpGSTd1蛋白表达与纯化
将连有目的基因的重组质粒转化至表达感受态细胞BL21(DE3)(全式金,北京)。转化后的单菌落,经PCR和测序验证后进行蛋白表达实验。蛋白诱导表达流程如下:(1)将正确的单菌落接种于5ml LB培养基(含100ug/ml Kan+),在37℃,200rpm条件下的摇床中过夜培养10h;(2)次日早上,将活化好的菌液以1:100的比例接种到200ml LB培养基(含100ug/mlKan+)中,在37℃,200rpm条件下培养;(3)当菌液OD介于0.4-0.6之间时,在培养基中添加IPTG至终浓度为0.2mM,将培养液继续放回摇床,在18℃,150rpm条件下继续诱导培养;(4)16h后,从各菌液及对照样品中各取200ul菌液进行SDS-PAGE电泳分析,检测蛋白表达情况(见图1)。其余菌液在4℃,5000g条件下离心10min,弃上清,根据需要可将菌沉冻在-80℃保存或直接进行蛋白纯化。蛋白纯化采用Ni-NTA蛋白纯化试剂盒(C600332-0001,生工,上海),具体纯化流程参考说明书进行。纯化后的蛋白使用透析袋在透析液中进行蛋白透析。透析后的蛋白进行分装,并置于-80℃保存,同时,取部分蛋白进行浓度测定和SDS-PAGE分析(见图1)。
实施例3HpGSTd1蛋白的气味降解活性分析
对纯化的HpGSTd1蛋白进行气味降解活性测定。活性测定时,反应体系共100ul,包括2uM蛋白,0.5mM气味底物,50mM磷酸缓冲液(PH=7),1mM谷胱甘肽(GSH),其余用纯净水补足;在30℃和200rpm转数下反应20min,其中,反,顺-2.6-壬二烯醛和反-2-戊烯醛反应时间为5min。同时,设置对照体系,对照体系1:将GSH替换为纯净水;对照体系2:将蛋白替换为为热变性蛋白;对照体系3:将蛋白替换为蛋白透析缓冲液。每个反应进行三次重复。反应结束后,在反应体系中立即加入等体积乙腈(100ul)终止反应,并旋涡震荡样品,使其充分混匀。随后,样品经16000g,4℃离心5min,取160ul杨平转移至新离心管中,立即进行高效液相色谱分析。色谱柱为WR-C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5um,日本,岛津),气味底物和检测波长分别如下:肉桂醛(286nm)、青叶醛(222nm)、反,反-2,4-庚二烯醛(273nm)、2,4-己二烯醛(272nm)、反,顺-2.6-壬二烯醛(220nm)、反-2-戊烯醛(221nm)。流动相为乙腈和纯净水。反,顺-2.6-壬二烯醛的液相色谱程序:柱温箱温度为35℃;流速为1.0ml/min;5%-100%乙腈,10min;100%乙腈,10min。其余气味底物液相色谱程序如下:柱温箱温度为35℃;流速为1.0ml/min;5%-70%乙腈,5min;70%乙腈,15min。气味底物含量百分比为各体系中气味底物含量与反应前气味底物含量的百分比计算。反应体系中气味底物含量百分比分别为:肉桂醛(34.2%)、青叶醛(4.8%)、反,反-2,4-庚二烯醛(30.0%)、2,4-己二烯醛(42.5%)、反,顺-2.6-壬二烯醛(14.9%)、反-2-戊烯醛(14.4%),均显著低于相应的对照反应中气味底物含量,证明HpGSTd1蛋白对这些气味分子具有降解活性(见图2)。
Claims (3)
1.一种暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky)HpGSTd1基因,其特征在于:其DNA序列如SEQ ID No:1所示。
2.一种权利要求1所述暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky)HpGSTd1基因在降解气味分子进程中的应用。
3.一种权利要求1所述暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky)HpGSTd1基因作为靶标在设计和筛选暗黑鳃金龟防控药剂中应用。
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