CN115819847A - Daily necessity ingredient for extrusion processing under household compost condition - Google Patents
Daily necessity ingredient for extrusion processing under household compost condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN115819847A CN115819847A CN202211391972.9A CN202211391972A CN115819847A CN 115819847 A CN115819847 A CN 115819847A CN 202211391972 A CN202211391972 A CN 202211391972A CN 115819847 A CN115819847 A CN 115819847A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention provides a daily necessity ingredient for extrusion processing under the condition of household compost, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-55% of plant cellulose, 50-65% of polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), 0-10% of polybutylene succinate (PBS), 2-3% of a toughening agent, 0.3-1% of a chain extender and 2-3% of a lubricant. The daily necessity ingredient for extrusion processing under the condition of household compost is prepared by replacing PLA with PBAT, mixing natural cellulose, PBAT and PBS, and can greatly improve the heat-resistant temperature of a polylactic acid material, wherein the heat-resistant temperature is up to 120 ℃ according to different contents; the proportion content of the plant cellulose in the formula is higher, so that the cost is greatly reduced to 30 to 50 percent of that of the formula which uses PLA and does not use the plant cellulose; the heat-resistant temperature of the material actually made into a product is increased to 80-120 ℃ according to the addition proportion of the cellulose and the particle size.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biodegradable production, in particular to a daily necessity ingredient for extrusion processing under the condition of household compost.
Background
White pollution, global plastic inhibition, and the issue of carbon neutralization have led to the vigorous development of the biodegradable market in the last five years, especially with POLYLACTIC ACID (PLA) materials. However, the biggest problem of PLA is that the used waste must be recycled separately for industrial compost degradation, and the PLA is expensive and has a heat resistance of about 60 ℃ and can soften and deform, so that the PLA is not suitable for use under high temperature conditions in practical daily life, such as microwave heating or summer transportation, and the product deformation probability is high; in the market, some of the crystalline polylactic acid materials can resist higher temperature, but the degradation conditions are severer, the price is more expensive, the industrial popularization is not facilitated, the degradation is independent under the industrial condition composting and the recovery mechanism is established, the subsequent treatment cost is quite high, and the industrial development is not facilitated.
Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)) as a polymer material for home compostable goods, although the price is lower than PLA, has a problem in that the material has a soft physical property, and is suitable for processing into film bag products, but is not suitable for disposable products such as lunch boxes, tableware, cutlery, and the like, and Poly (butylene succinate) (PBS, poly (butylene succinate)) as a material which can be used for the products and has home compostable conditions, and has disadvantages that the price is still expensive in the market at present, and the popularization of biodegradable industry is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a daily necessity ingredient for extrusion processing under the condition of household compost, the existing ingredients are mostly PLA material products, the used wastes must be separately recycled for industrial compost degradation, the price is high, the heat resistance is about 60 ℃, the daily necessity is softened and deformed, the daily necessity is not suitable for being used under the high temperature condition in the practical daily life, and the product deformation probability is high in the process of microwave heating or summer transportation; there are also crystalline polylactic acid materials in the market that can resist higher temperature, but the degradation condition is severer, the price is more expensive, which is not beneficial to industrial popularization, and the materials need to be degraded separately under industrial condition compost and establish a recovery mechanism, the subsequent treatment cost is also quite high, which is not beneficial to industrial development.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a daily necessity ingredient for extrusion processing under the condition of household compost comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
15-55% of plant cellulose, 50-65% of polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), 0-10% of polybutylene succinate (PBS), 2-3% of a toughening agent, 0.3-1% of a chain extender and 2-3% of a lubricant.
Preferably, the plant cellulose is one or more of straw, corncob, coconut shell, bagasse, coffee residue and bamboo.
Preferably, the plant cellulose powder has a particle size of 200-1500 mesh.
Preferably, the toughening agent is one or more of glycerol, polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 400-1200 and polyglycerol.
Preferably, the chain extender adopts one or more of 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, glycerol, diethylene glycol, hexamethylene diamine, styrene, glycidyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate.
Preferably, the lubricant is one or more of stearic acid, stearate, stearamide, oleamide and paraffin wax
A method of preparing an extruded commodity ingredient for use in domestic composting conditions, the method comprising the steps of:
mixing 15-70% of plant cellulose with the particle size of 200-500 meshes, 50-65% of PBAT, 0-10% of PBS, 2-3% of toughening agent, 0.3-1% of chain extender and 2-3% of lubricant at high temperature, and then carrying out subsequent processing;
the subsequent processing may be hot pressing: the method is used for producing tableware, dining bowls, electronic consumer products, bathroom products, storage articles, literature products, aluminum circulating building materials and automobile parts;
the subsequent processing may be extrusion: the device is used for producing straws, straws with a snake-dragon structure, spoons type smoothie straws, straws with an AB telescopic structure and agricultural support droppers;
the subsequent processing may be blister processing: the method is used for producing food packaging materials, electronic consumer product packaging materials, food service plates, food bowls, beverage cups and cup covers.
Preferably, in the preparation of the plant cellulose, the agricultural wastes are washed by clean water and then are coarsely crushed, then hydrolysis fermentation reaction is carried out, the cellulose content is purified to be more than 86%, then drying is carried out for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and then the obtained high-content cellulose is ground.
Preferably, the ground cellulose powder, PBAT, PBS, lubricant and chain extender are put into a high-speed powder mixing device at the temperature of 80-110 ℃, the rotating speed is 600-1000rpm, the mixture is mixed and dried for about 1-2 hours, then the mixture is put into a double-screw mixing roll for high-temperature mixing, the temperature of the mixing roll is respectively set according to different proportions, the temperature of the mixing roll is 110-130 ℃ in the first area, 120-140 ℃ in the second area, 140-155 ℃ in the fifth area, 140-155 ℃ in the sixth area and 155-165 ℃ in the seventh area and the twelfth area.
The invention provides a daily necessity ingredient for extrusion processing under the condition of household compost, which adopts PBAT to replace PLA and adopts natural cellulose, PBAT and PBS for mixing, thus greatly improving the heat-resistant temperature of polylactic acid material, and the temperature is up to 120 ℃ according to different contents; the proportion content of the fiber of the waste plant after purification is high, and the filling proportion can be high, so that the cost is greatly reduced to 30-50% of that of the common PLA formula before the plant cellulose is not used; the heat-resistant temperature of the material actually made into a product is increased to 80-120 ℃ according to the addition proportion of the cellulose and the particle size; the grain size of the adopted plant cellulose powder is 200-1500, and the finer the grain size and the higher the content, the better the effects of crystallization degree, temperature resistance, deformation resistance, brittleness resistance and the like are; the toughness of the product can be kept by using a proper proportion of the toughening agent; the proper proportion of the lubricant is used, so that the energy consumption of high powder proportion can be reduced when the proportion of the cellulose powder is higher, and the energy consumption is reduced by 10-20% when the cellulose powder is extruded and processed compared with the condition that the lubricant is not added; the invention takes high proportion cellulose powder as main raw material PBS as auxiliary material, and the function of the invention is that PBAT which is degradable under the condition of household compost and has the characteristic of lower cost than PLA is taken as main material, after PLA is replaced, the rigidity of the product can be maintained unchanged, and the crystallization speed and the crystallinity are increased, so the heat-resisting temperature of the product can be increased; the plant cellulose source adopted by the invention is agricultural waste, and after purification, the addition proportion is higher, so that the product crystallinity can be greatly improved, and the softer property of PBAT can be reinforced, so that the product has higher heat resistance and can also maintain the standard rigidity of the product; according to the property of the formula different from the requirement of a terminal product, the cost can be greatly reduced by 30 to 50 percent, and the heat-resisting temperature range is 80 to 120 ℃; the PBAT can be used as a main component without polylactic acid and can be used for processing products such as extrusion, bottle blowing, injection molding, plastic suction, hot pressing and the like; the material proportion of the invention can greatly reduce the cost, improve the heat resistance and accelerate the degradation speed of the product under the condition of ensuring the physical properties such as toughness, mechanical strength and the like to maintain the standard of daily necessities. In addition, the preparation process of the technical scheme of the invention is green and pollution-free, a large amount of natural plant fibers are used, the carbon reduction can reach 35-70%, and industrial compost is not needed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the appearance and measurement of a straw product made of the ingredients of an extruded commodity for domestic composting according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the appearance and measurement of a straw product made of the extrusion-processed daily necessities ingredients used under the condition of household compost after being dried for 30 minutes at 60 ℃.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the natural cellulose with the formula proportion of 15 percent, the particle diameter of 200-500 meshes, the PBAT proportion of 72.5 percent, the PBS proportion of 8 percent, the plasticizer of 2 percent, the chain extender of 0.3 percent and the lubricant of 2.2 percent are mixed at high temperature and then extruded to prepare the straw. The heat temperature resistance method of the test product is as follows: the straw product is firstly subjected to appearance observation and measurement as shown in figure 1, and is respectively put into oil bath at 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125 and 130 ℃, is continuously stirred for 1 hour, whether the straw product is deformed or not is observed during stirring, and is cleaned after the stirring is finished, and the straw product is dried at 60 ℃ for 30 minutes and then is subjected to appearance observation and measurement as shown in figure 2. As a result, it was found that the appearance was not changed at a temperature of 80 ℃ or lower.
Example 2:
on the basis of example 1, the change was 25% of natural cellulose, the PBAT proportion was 62%, the PBS proportion was 8%, and the test heat resistance temperature was 80 ℃ or less, without any change in appearance.
Example 3:
on the basis of example 2, the particle size of the natural cellulose is changed to 500-1500 meshes, and the test temperature resistance is below 90 ℃, and the appearance of the natural cellulose is not changed.
Example 4:
on the basis of example 3, the natural cellulose is changed to 30%, the proportion of PBAT is 60%, the proportion of PBS is 5%, the proportion of plasticizer is 2%, the proportion of chain extender is 0.5% and the proportion of lubricant is 2.5%, the temperature resistance is below 95 ℃, and the appearance is not changed.
Example 5:
on the basis of example 3, the natural cellulose is changed into 40 percent, the PBAT proportion is 50 percent, the PBS proportion is 5 percent, the test temperature resistance is below 105 ℃, and the appearance is not changed.
Example 6:
based on example 3, the appearance was not changed at all, except that 55% of natural cellulose was used, the PBAT proportion was 36%, the PBS proportion was 4%, and the temperature resistance in the test was 120 ℃.
Test example:
randomly purchased 3 different commercially available "PLA" straw articles were tested for temperature resistance and appearance change for comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the following table was obtained:
| examples | Cellulose proportion | temperature/DEG C resistance | Change in appearance |
| Example 1 | 15％ | 80 | No change in appearance |
| Example 2 | 25％ | 80 | No change in appearance |
| Example 3 | 25％ | 90 | No change in appearance |
| Example 4 | 30％ | 90 | No change in appearance |
| Example 5 | 40％ | 105 | No change in appearance |
| Example 6 | 55％ | 120 | No change in appearance |
| Comparative example 1 | - | 70 | Apparent change in appearance |
| Comparative example 2 | - | 60 | Change in appearance |
| Comparative example 3 | - | 50 | No change in appearance |
The natural plant cellulose is a high-temperature resistant material, and the problem of deformation and softening can not occur within 120 ℃ of the operation temperature of common daily necessities. The addition of the plant cellulose can accelerate the crystallization speed and degree of the mixed material, and the more fine the particle size and higher the content of the added cellulose powder, the more obvious the improvement effect is.
The PBAT replaces PLA, and the natural cellulose, the PBAT and the PBS are mixed, so that the heat-resistant temperature of the polylactic acid material can be greatly improved to 120 ℃ at most according to different contents; the proportion content of the fibers of the waste plants after purification is higher, and the filling proportion can be higher, so that the cost is greatly reduced to 30 to 50 percent of the cost of the common PLA formula before the plant cellulose is not used; the heat-resistant temperature of the material actually made into a product is increased to 80-120 ℃ according to the addition proportion of the cellulose and the particle size; the grain size of the adopted plant cellulose powder is 200-1500, and the finer the grain size and the higher the content, the better the effects of crystallization degree, temperature resistance, deformation resistance, brittleness resistance and the like are; the toughness of the product can be kept by using a proper proportion of the toughening agent; the proper lubricant proportion is used, so that the energy consumption of the high powder proportion can be reduced when the cellulose powder proportion is higher, and the energy consumption is 10-20% lower than that of the case that no lubricant is added during extrusion processing; the invention takes high proportion cellulose powder as main raw material PBS as auxiliary material, and the function of the invention is that PBAT which is degradable under the condition of household compost and has the characteristic of lower cost than PLA is taken as main material, after PLA is replaced, the rigidity of the product can be maintained unchanged, and the crystallization speed and the crystallinity are increased, so the heat-resisting temperature of the product can be increased; the plant cellulose source adopted by the invention is agricultural waste, and after purification, the addition proportion is higher, so that the product crystallinity can be greatly improved, and the softer property of PBAT can be reinforced, so that the product has higher heat resistance and can maintain the standard rigidity of the product; according to the property of the formula different from the requirement of a terminal product, the cost can be greatly reduced by 30 to 50 percent, and the heat-resisting temperature range is 80 to 120 ℃; the PBAT can be used as a main component without polylactic acid and can be used for processing products such as extrusion, bottle blowing, injection molding, plastic suction, hot pressing and the like; the material proportion of the invention can greatly reduce the cost, improve the heat resistance and accelerate the degradation speed of the product under the condition of ensuring the physical properties such as toughness, mechanical strength and the like to maintain the standard of daily necessities. In addition, the preparation process of the technical scheme of the invention is green and pollution-free, a large amount of natural plant fibers are used, the carbon reduction can reach 35-70%, and industrial compost is not needed.
The materials adopted by the invention are all degradable under the household compost, so that the prepared product can be degraded under the household compost environment, and the industrial compost degradation cost and the recovery cost required by using PLA of related products are greatly reduced.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An extrusion-processed daily necessity ingredient for household composting is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
15-55% of plant cellulose, 50-65% of polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), 0-10% of polybutylene succinate (PBS), 2-3% of a toughening agent, 0.3-1% of a chain extender and 2-3% of a lubricant.
2. The commodity ingredient of claim 1, wherein the plant cellulose is one or more of straw, corn cob, coconut shell, bagasse, coffee grounds, bamboo.
3. A commodity furnish according to claim 1, wherein the plant cellulose powder has a particle size of 200-1500 mesh.
4. The consumer good formulation of claim 1, wherein the toughening agent is one or more of glycerin, polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 400-1200, and polyglycerol.
5. The consumer good formulation according to claim 1, wherein the chain extender is one or more of 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, glycerol, diethylene glycol, hexamethylenediamine, styrene, glycidyl methacrylate, and methyl methacrylate.
6. The consumer furnish of claim 1 wherein the lubricant comprises one or more of stearic acid, a stearate ester, a stearamide, an oleamide, and paraffin wax.
7. A method of preparing an extruded commodity ingredient for use in domestic composting conditions according to any of claims 1-6, characterised in that the method comprises the steps of:
mixing 15-70% of plant cellulose with the particle size of 200-500 meshes, 50-65% of PBAT, 0-10% of PBS, 2-3% of toughening agent, 0.3-1% of chain extender and 2-3% of lubricant at high temperature, and then carrying out subsequent processing;
the subsequent processing may be hot pressing: the method is used for producing tableware, bowls, electronic consumer products, bathroom products, storage articles, paperwork products, aluminum circulating building materials and automobile parts;
the subsequent processing may be extrusion: the device is used for producing straws, straws with a snake-dragon structure, spoons type smoothie straws, straws with an AB telescopic structure and agricultural support droppers;
the subsequent processing may be blister processing: the method is used for producing food packaging materials, electronic consumer product packaging materials, food service plates, food bowls, beverage cups and cup covers.
8. The method for preparing a commodity ingredient for extrusion processing under home composting as claimed in claim 7, wherein the plant cellulose is prepared by washing agricultural waste with clean water, coarsely pulverizing, performing hydrolysis fermentation reaction, purifying cellulose content to over 86%, oven-drying at 60-80 deg.C for 1-2 hr, and grinding the obtained high content cellulose.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of mixing and drying the ground cellulose powder, PBAT, PBS, lubricant, and chain extender at a high speed of 600-1000rpm for about 1-2 hours at 80-110 ℃ is performed in a twin screw mixer at a high temperature of about 110-130 ℃, 120-140 ℃ in about two-four, 140-155 ℃ in about five-six, and 155-165 ℃ in about seven-twelve.
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2022
- 2022-11-08 CN CN202211391972.9A patent/CN115819847A/en active Pending
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