CN113429764A - starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable special material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable special material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113429764A CN113429764A CN202110658020.8A CN202110658020A CN113429764A CN 113429764 A CN113429764 A CN 113429764A CN 202110658020 A CN202110658020 A CN 202110658020A CN 113429764 A CN113429764 A CN 113429764A
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 239000004629 polybutylene adipate terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
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- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000153158 Ammi visnaga Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010585 Ammi visnaga Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
The invention discloses a special starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable material and a preparation method thereof, and the special starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable material comprises the components of starch, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polybutylene adipate-terephthalate, glycol, calcium stearate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, an antioxidant and titanium dioxide; the invention takes diphenylmethane diisocyanate as a compatilizer, is prepared by reacting free amine with phosgene, reduces the interfacial tension between polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and starch by the diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and enhances the binding force among phases, thereby achieving the effect of improving the mechanical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation methods, in particular to a special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Since the invention, the plastic is used in large quantities all over the world due to the advantages of light weight, water resistance, durability, mature production technology and low cost, and brings great convenience to the life of people. The annual consumption of plastics in China is about 4000 ten thousand tons, wherein 10 percent of domestic garbage is generated by plastic tableware and packaging materials, urban and rural garbage and non-degradable plastic wastes scattered everywhere are mainly plastic bags, disposable plastic tableware and cup trays, plastic beverage bottles, yogurt cups, ice cream bags and the like. While plastic waste is in fact "permanent" and undegradable "visual pollution" and "white pollution" of "potential pollution". How to treat the plastic waste becomes a worldwide environmental problem. In addition, in recent years, resource shortage and environmental situation become more and more severe, the use of plastics in large quantities not only consumes petroleum and energy, but also releases a large amount of toxic gases during combustion to pollute air and harm human health because of not being naturally degraded, and partially causes and aggravates 'white pollution' and 'greenhouse effect', and the environmental bearing capacity meets unprecedented challenges. In the face of increasingly serious white pollution problems, natural resources are utilized to the maximum extent, environmental damage and pollution are reduced, people begin green low-carbon transformation exploration, a plastic substitute which has conventional plastic performance and does not cause pollution is expected to be found, degraded plastic is produced at the end of transportation, and the novel functional plastic is characterized in that after the plastic is abandoned after a certain service life is reached, certain performance loss and appearance change are caused to degrade under specific environmental conditions due to obvious change of a chemical structure of the plastic, the plastic is harmless or less harmful to the natural environment, the tail end treatment is shifted to an ecological cycle starting point, and a new green sustainable development idea is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material and a preparation method thereof.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
18-24 parts of starch;
65-80 parts of polylactic acid;
8-15 parts of polyglycolic acid;
6-12 parts of polybutylene adipate terephthalate;
1-4 parts of ethylene glycol;
2-6 parts of calcium stearate;
0.5-1.5 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate;
0.2-0.8 part of antioxidant;
0.5-3 parts of titanium dioxide.
In the present invention, preferably, the starch is at least one of potato starch, rice starch, corn starch, tapioca starch and modified starch.
Preferably, the polylactic acid is an extrusion grade resin.
In the present invention, the polyglycolic acid preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 1.4 to 1.8dL/g and a number average molecular weight of 80 to 100 w.
In the present invention, the polyglycolic acid preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 1.6dL/g and a number average molecular weight of 90 w.
A preparation method of a special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material comprises the following steps:
s1: adding starch, ethylene glycol, calcium stearate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, titanium dioxide and an antioxidant into a high-speed stirrer which is preheated and kept at a constant temperature of 50-100 ℃ according to the weight part ratio, and stirring at a high speed;
s2: when the temperature of the materials reaches 100-140 ℃, adding polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and polybutylene adipate terephthalate, stirring at a low speed for 1-3min, putting into a cooling stirrer, cooling to 60-80 ℃, and discharging for later use;
s3: and (4) putting the premix obtained in the step (S2) into a double-screw granulator which is provided with more than two exhaust ports and has constant temperature of 180-230 ℃, and performing melt blending extrusion granulation to obtain the special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material.
According to the step S1, the starch, the ethylene glycol, the calcium stearate, the diphenylmethane diisocyanate, the titanium dioxide and the antioxidant are preferably preheated according to the weight part ratio and are added into a high-speed stirrer to be stirred at the best when the temperature is kept at 90 ℃.
Preferably, according to the step S2, when the temperature of the material reaches 120 ℃, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and polybutylene adipate-terephthalate are added and stirred at a low speed for 2min, and then the mixture is placed into a cooling stirrer to be cooled to 70 ℃, so that the best premix is obtained.
Preferably, according to step S3, the premix is put into a double-screw granulator with more than two exhaust ports and constant temperature at 210 ℃ to melt, blend and extrude the starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT special biodegradable and compostable material, and the granulation is optimal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes diphenylmethane diisocyanate as a compatilizer, is prepared by reacting free amine with phosgene, reduces the interfacial tension between polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and starch by the diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and enhances the binding force among phases, thereby achieving the effect of improving the mechanical property.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below:
a special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
18-24 parts of starch;
65-80 parts of polylactic acid;
8-15 parts of polyglycolic acid;
6-12 parts of polybutylene adipate terephthalate;
1-4 parts of ethylene glycol;
2-6 parts of calcium stearate;
0.5-1.5 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate;
0.2-0.8 part of antioxidant;
0.5-3 parts of titanium dioxide.
Wherein the starch is at least one of potato starch, rice starch, corn starch, cassava starch and modified starch, the polylactic acid is extrusion-grade resin, the inherent viscosity of the polyglycolic acid is 1.4-1.8 dL/g, and the number-average molecular weight is 80-100 w.
A preparation method of a special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material comprises the following steps:
s1: adding starch, ethylene glycol, calcium stearate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, titanium dioxide and an antioxidant into a high-speed stirrer which is preheated and kept at a constant temperature of 50-100 ℃ according to the weight part ratio, and stirring at a high speed;
s2: when the temperature of the materials reaches 100-140 ℃, adding polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and polybutylene adipate terephthalate, stirring at a low speed for 1-3min, putting into a cooling stirrer, cooling to 60-80 ℃, and discharging for later use;
s3: and (4) putting the premix obtained in the step (S2) into a double-screw granulator which is provided with more than two exhaust ports and has constant temperature of 180-230 ℃, and performing melt blending extrusion granulation to obtain the special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material.
The invention adopts PLA, PGA, PBAT multiple degradable material complementary advantage, synergistic effect, prepare biological base biological plastics, namely starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable specialized material, the starch used is that the natural macromolecular compound that is synthesized by green living beings through photosynthesis, it is inexhaustible organic raw materials, starch is the raw materials of food, it is the raw materials of the basic industry, compared with petroleum-based raw materials, starch has cheap, reproducible, biodegradable, little pollution, accord with environmental protection and sustainable development strategy, starch is a natural degradable macromolecule, break down and break down into monosaccharide such as glucose and other small molecular compound under the influence of microorganism of starch, and finally metabolize to H2O and CO2, the product that starch and degradable plastics blend and process, because its starch that contains can be formed by amylase secreted by the microorganism in the soil in short time and decompose rapidly The hydroxypropyl starch (HPS) is white fine powder which is prepared by taking natural starch as a raw material, reacting with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide under the condition of alkali catalysis, performing high etherification reaction, and then performing spray drying, and does not contain a plasticizer. It is completely different from ordinary starch or modified starch. Hydroxypropyl starch (HPS) is a semi-synthetic natural polymeric material, a non-ionic starch ether. Has good water solubility, rheological property and adhesiveness, and the hydroxypropyl starch ether is non-ionic and has small influence on electrolyte. They can be used in a wide pH range, can give better strength and folding resistance to starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable & compostable special materials, and have excellent biodegradability.
Polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) belongs to thermoplastic biodegradable plastics, is a copolymer of polybutylene adipate and polybutylene terephthalate, and has the characteristics of PBA and PBT, namely better ductility and elongation at break, and better heat resistance and impact performance; in addition, the biodegradable plastic has excellent biodegradability, and is one of the degraded materials which are very active in the research of biodegradable plastics and are best applied to the market. PBAT is a semi-crystalline polymer, generally with a crystallization temperature around 110 ℃, a melting point around 130 ℃ and a density between 1.18g/cm3 and 1.3g/cm 3. The crystallinity of PBAT is about 30 percent, the Shore hardness is more than 85 percent, and the polybutylene adipate terephthalate is a copolymer of aliphatic and aromatic, thereby integrating the excellent degradation performance of aliphatic polyester and the good mechanical property of aromatic polyester.
The polylactic acid (PLA) is prepared from lactic acid which is aliphatic polyester synthesized from biomass raw materials such as corn, beet, sugarcane, aged grain and the like, can be prepared by fermentation by a biological method, is free from the traditional petroleum raw materials, and has good biocompatibility and higher strength; meanwhile, polylactic acid has biodegradability, and the final degradation products are carbon dioxide and water, so that the environment is not polluted, which makes the polylactic acid increasingly receive attention of people today with the environment and development as topics, and is widely applied to daily necessities and the field of biomedical science. However, although polylactic acid has higher strength and flexural modulus, the polylactic acid is hard and has poor toughness, lacks flexibility and elasticity, is extremely easy to bend and deform, has poor impact resistance and tear resistance, and has greatly reduced mechanical properties particularly after being blended with starch, so that the application range of the polylactic acid is limited to a certain extent.
Polyglycolic acid (PGA) is a polymer of glycolic acid, has a simple and regular linear molecular structure, is a simple linear aliphatic polyester, has high crystallinity of 40-80 percent, good mechanical property, processability and thermal stability, and has a melting point of about 225 ℃. Polyglycolic acid is a high molecular material with good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and the biodegradation of polyglycolic acid is mainly through simple hydrolysis, and the material is gradually degraded after being used for a certain time and finally becomes water and carbon dioxide which are harmless to human, animals, plants and natural environment.
Example 1
A preparation method of a special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material comprises the following steps:
s1: 20kg of corn starch, 5kg of hydroxypropyl starch, 1.4kg of ethylene glycol, 0.2kg of calcium stearate, 0.1kg of MDI, 0.6kg of titanium dioxide and 0.5kg of antioxidant (1010) are put into a high-speed stirrer which is preheated and has the constant temperature of 90 ℃ for high-speed stirring;
s2: when the temperature of the material stirred at high speed in the step S1 is raised to 120 ℃, 40kg of polylactic acid, 15kg of polyglycolic acid and 20kg of polybutylene adipate terephthalate are added and stirred at low speed for 2min, and then the mixture is put into a cooling stirrer to be cooled to 70 ℃ for later use;
s3: and (4) putting the premix obtained in the step (S2) into a double-screw granulator which is provided with more than two exhaust ports and has constant temperature at 220 ℃, and performing melt blending extrusion granulation to prepare the special starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable material.
The starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable special material prepared by the preparation method can be used for preparing disposable full-degradable knives, forks, spoons, toothpicks and other articles by using different moulds of an injection machine respectively.
Example 2
A preparation method of a special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material comprises the following steps:
s1: 24kg of corn starch, 6kg of hydroxypropyl starch, 1.8kg of ethylene glycol, 0.2kg of calcium stearate, 0.15kg of MDI, 0.6kg of titanium dioxide and 0.5kg of antioxidant (1010) are put into a high-speed stirrer which is preheated and kept at a constant temperature of 90 ℃ according to the weight part ratio and stirred at a high speed;
s2: when the temperature of the material stirred at high speed in the step S1 is raised to 120 ℃, adding PLA40kg, PGA20kg and PBAT10kg, stirring at low speed for 2min, putting into a cooling stirrer, cooling to 40 ℃, discharging for later use;
s3: and (4) putting the premix obtained in the step (S2) into a double-screw granulator which is provided with more than two exhaust ports and has constant temperature at 220 ℃, and performing melt blending extrusion granulation to prepare the special starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable material.
The starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable special material prepared by the preparation method is made into a sheet coiled material by a sheet set, can be used for manufacturing products such as green hand bags, packing boxes and the like, and can be loaded into a full-automatic three-station plastic uptake and cutting integrated machine to be respectively manufactured into disposable full-degradable tableware such as cups, bowls, plates, lunch boxes and the like by different molds.
In summary, the present invention is a multi-polymer blending system, most of the polymer blending systems are incompatible or only partially compatible, and the polymers lack effective interaction due to significant interfacial tension, so that the solid surface interfacial adhesion is poor, phase separation often occurs, and mechanical properties are reduced under stress, and in order to avoid the phase separation, an ideal blending performance is obtained, generally, a compatibilizer needs to be introduced.
The invention can improve the processability of the polymer through blending modification, improve the physical and mechanical properties of polymer products, develop a new material with special properties, reduce the cost of the polymer material with high cost through using a low-cost material, and simultaneously meet the requirements of environmental protection.
The invention blends polymers with different structures and different properties according to a proper proportion to form an alloy polymer which can meet the requirements of certain special structures and applications. The common point of all the materials is that the materials are biodegradable and environment-friendly, and the utilization points of various materials are taken, so that the starch has sufficient sources, short degradation period, low price and little pollution; the polylactic acid has good biocompatibility, higher strength and biodegradability; the polybutylene adipate terephthalate not only has biodegradability, but also has good ductility, elongation at break, impact strength, heat resistance and high interface adhesion; polyglycolic acid can be biodegraded, has high degradation speed, good biocompatibility, good processing property, barrier property and mechanical property, and particularly has higher processing temperature (melting point: 220-.
The strong adhesion of polybutylene adipate terephthalate is used for making up the compatibility of polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and starch, meanwhile, a fluxing agent of diphenylmethane diisocyanate is added for making up the binding force of resin and starch, and the prepared starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable special material has the tensile strength of 41.5 Mpa; elongation 10.0%; the heat-resisting temperature is increased from 60 ℃ to 95 ℃;
the starch has good biodegradability, the starch and the resin have enhanced compatibility under the coupling action of the diphenylmethane diisocyanate, the starch can be uniformly dispersed in the resin, the addition amount is large and can reach 30 percent, the blend can keep a good continuous phase state, the influence on the overall performance of the special material is small, and the physical and mechanical properties of the product can be completely ensured;
all materials of the special starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable material are biodegradable materials, so the product can achieve full biodegradation, and the final degradation products are carbon dioxide and water, thereby causing no pollution to the environment;
the ecological environment type tableware and other products made of the biodegradable material can be recycled, and the recycled material is used for producing agricultural products such as seedling raising trays, flowerpots, insect prevention plates and the like. Deeply analyzing the concept of 'reduction, reuse and recycle' and putting the force on a green, low-carbon and cyclic development mode of sustainable development measures. The invention meets the requirements of the definition, classification, marking and degradation performance of the national standard GB/T20197 degradation plastics.
As will be realized, the invention is capable of other and different modifications and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The biodegradable and compostable special material for starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
2. the starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable & compostable special material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the starch is at least one of potato starch, rice starch, corn starch, tapioca starch, modified starch.
3. The special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein the polylactic acid is extrusion grade resin.
4. The special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the polyglycolic acid has an intrinsic viscosity of 1.4 to 1.8dL/g and a number average molecular weight of 80 to 100 w.
5. The starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable special material and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 4, wherein the polyglycolic acid has an intrinsic viscosity of 1.6dL/g and a number average molecular weight of 90 w.
6. The preparation method of the special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: adding starch, ethylene glycol, calcium stearate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, titanium dioxide and an antioxidant into a high-speed stirrer which is preheated and kept at a constant temperature of 50-100 ℃ according to the weight part ratio, and stirring at a high speed;
s2: when the temperature of the materials reaches 100-140 ℃, adding polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and polybutylene adipate terephthalate, stirring at a low speed for 1-3min, putting into a cooling stirrer, cooling to 60-80 ℃, and discharging for later use;
s3: and (4) putting the premix obtained in the step (S2) into a double-screw granulator which is provided with more than two exhaust ports and has constant temperature of 180-230 ℃, and performing melt blending extrusion granulation to obtain the special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material.
7. The method for preparing starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable special material according to claim 6, wherein according to step S1, the starch, ethylene glycol, calcium stearate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, titanium dioxide, and antioxidant are preheated according to the weight proportion and are added into a high-speed stirrer for high-speed stirring when the temperature is raised to 90 ℃.
8. The method for preparing starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT biodegradable and compostable special material according to claim 6, wherein according to step S2, when the temperature of the material reaches 120 ℃, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and polybutylene adipate terephthalate are added and stirred at low speed for 2min, and then put into a cooling stirrer to be cooled to 70 ℃ to obtain the best premix.
9. The method for preparing the special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material according to claim 6, wherein the pre-mixed material is fed into a 210 ℃ double screw pelletizer provided with more than two exhaust ports to melt, blend and extrude the special biodegradable and compostable starch/PLA-PGA-PBAT material, and the pelletizing is optimized according to step S3.
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