CN115799354B - Method for regulating and controlling geometric morphology of laser metallization grid line - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling geometric morphology of laser metallization grid line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the geometric morphology of a laser metalized grid line, which comprises the steps of preparing a layer of conductive paste on a donor film substrate medium, placing a solar cell below the donor film substrate medium, enabling a printing surface to face the conductive paste, focusing a laser beam on the conductive paste, and transferring the conductive paste onto the solar cell to process the solar cell to prepare a plurality of grid lines; and preparing the formed grid lines with different geometric shapes by adjusting the matching relation between the gap between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell and the energy density of the laser beam. According to the invention, 4 grid lines with different geometric shapes can be flexibly regulated and formed through the matching relation of the gap size and the laser energy density, and the grid lines are respectively formed in a dot shape, a linear-unimodal shape, a linear-bimodal shape and an explosive shape. The method is suitable for non-contact printing, achieves the purpose of flexibly regulating and controlling the geometric shape of the formed grid line, and reduces the possibility of fragments of the solar cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cell metallization, and particularly relates to a method for regulating and controlling geometric morphology of a laser metallization grid line.
Background
The shaping process of the conductive grid line is essential for solar cell metallization. The conductive grid line with good geometric morphology is beneficial to reducing grid line shielding on the solar cell, and increasing short-circuit current, so that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved. Whereas metallization methods mainly include contact and non-contact printing.
In the printing process, a printing object needs to be in direct contact with a solar cell and apply stress, and the forming morphology of the final conductive grid line is determined by grooves, patterns, screen plates and the like prefabricated by the printing object, and the final conductive grid line often presents a cross section similar to a trapezoid or a rectangle or has layering morphology characteristics accumulated due to secondary printing. In the printing process, the forming morphology is single and cannot be flexibly regulated and controlled. With the development of the flaking of solar cells, the above contact printing technology is extremely prone to the occurrence of chipping of the cells. For the transferred high viscosity conductive paste, there are phenomena of screen blocking and silver paste waste during printing.
The non-contact printing with electronic ink jet and laser as main material is one new kind of cell metallization technology. In the forming process of the solar cell conductive grid line, mask printing is not needed, and direct contact with the solar cell piece does not exist. The electronic ink is based on the principle of conductive paste inching formation, and the geometric morphology generally shows a single block structure which is overlapped layer by layer and cannot be changed arbitrarily. The laser metallization technology can be used for arbitrarily regulating the geometric shape of the conductive grid line in the forming process, and forming various line types such as punctiform, linear (unimodal and multimodal in cross section), explosive and the like. The transferred conductive paste has no restrictions on viscosity and size, the waste of silver paste can be greatly reduced, and the problems of fragments and paste blockage can be solved. Therefore, the non-contact printing technology based on laser has obvious advantages in the industrial application of the metallization morphology regulation of the solar cell.
However, in the process of forming the conductive gate line by laser direct printing, numerous process parameters related to the physicochemical properties of the conductive paste, laser energy density, transfer gap, and the like are involved. The matching relationship between the laser energy density and the transfer gap is particularly important for the morphological characteristics of the printed grid line. In different matching intervals, various different grid line shape characteristics, such as geometric shapes of point shape, linear shape, explosion shape and the like, can be formed. At present, in the laser metallization technology, a unified method for determining the matching relation between the laser energy density and the transfer gap and the corresponding relation between the grid line characteristics is not available in each batch of printing, so that the required grid line geometric morphology cannot be accurately regulated, and time is consumed for testing before non-contact printing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the geometric shape of a laser metalized grid line, which aims to solve the problem that the corresponding relation between the matching relation between the laser energy density and the transfer gap and the characteristic of the grid line cannot be determined in the prior art.
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of modulating the geometry of a laser metallised gate line, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a layer of conductive paste on a matrix medium serving as a donor film;
s2, a solar cell is used as an acceptor material, is placed below a donor film substrate medium, faces to be printed face the conductive paste, laser beams with fixed energy density are focused on the conductive paste, and the conductive paste can be transferred to the solar cell to process and manufacture a plurality of grid lines;
changing the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell, and repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines at each gap distance;
s3, separating the donor film matrix medium containing the residual conductive paste from the solar cell;
s4, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S3 to form a formed grid line, observing the geometric shape of the formed grid line at each gap distance, and selecting the gap distance of the formed grid line shape characteristic as a fixed gap distance matched with the energy density of the laser beam subsequently;
s5, repeating the step S1;
s6, sequentially increasing the energy density of the laser beam from low to high under the condition of fixed gap distance, and repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines under each energy density;
s7, repeating the step S3;
s8, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S7 to obtain the formed grid line with different geometric shapes under each energy density.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided another method of modulating the geometry of a laser metalized gate wire, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a layer of conductive paste on a matrix medium serving as a donor film;
s2, the solar cell is used as an acceptor material, is placed below a donor film substrate medium, the surface to be printed faces the conductive paste, the laser beam with energy density is focused on the conductive paste,
under the condition that the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell is fixed, sequentially increasing the energy density of the laser beam from low to high, repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines under each energy density, and transferring the conductive paste onto the solar cell;
s3, separating the donor film matrix medium containing the residual conductive paste from the solar cell;
s4, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S3 to form a formed grid line, observing the geometric shape of the formed grid line under each laser energy density, and selecting the energy density of the formed grid line shape characteristic as the follow-up fixed energy density matched with the gap distance;
s5, repeating the step S1;
s6, changing the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell under the condition of fixed energy density, and repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines under each gap distance;
s7, repeating the step S3;
s8, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S7 to obtain the formed grid lines with different geometric shapes under each gap distance.
Further, the conductive paste comprises an organic solvent or an auxiliary agent, the organic solvent or the auxiliary agent in the conductive paste is foamed under the irradiation of a laser beam, the circumferential radial conductive paste is driven to downwards expand and move through the foaming action, and the conductive paste is transferred to a solar cell sheet to form the geometric shape of a formed grid line.
Further, the method for selecting the fixed gap distance comprises the following steps: and selecting a gap distance with the same formed grid line characteristic as the geometric shape of the required grid line as a fixed gap distance according to the geometric shape of the required grid line.
Further, the method for selecting the fixed gap distance comprises the following steps: the gap distance of a shaped grid line characterized as a continuous line is selected as the fixed gap distance.
Further, the method for selecting the fixed energy density comprises the following steps: according to the geometric shape of the required grid line, selecting the energy density with the same characteristic as the geometric shape of the required grid line as the fixed energy density.
Further, the method for selecting the fixed energy density comprises the following steps: the energy density of a shaped grid line is selected as the fixed energy density.
Further, 4 grid lines with different geometric shapes are regulated and formed through the matching relation between the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell and the energy density of the laser beam, and the grid lines are formed in a dot shape, a linear-unimodal shape, a linear-bimodal shape and an explosive shape respectively.
Further, the thickness of the conductive paste on the donor film substrate medium is 10-200 μm, and the viscosity of the conductive paste is 1-350 Pa.s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the geometric shapes of laser metallization grid lines based on laser non-contact printing forming of solar cell conductive grid lines, and 4 forming grid lines with different geometric shapes can be flexibly prepared by regulating the matching relation between the gap size between the bottom of conductive paste and a solar cell and the energy density of laser beams. The method is suitable for non-contact printing, achieves the purpose of flexibly regulating and controlling the geometric shape of the formed grid line, and reduces the possibility of fragments of the solar cell.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that the drawings described below are merely exemplary and that other embodiments may be derived from the drawings provided without undue effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling geometry of a laser metalized gate wire according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another method for controlling geometry of a laser metalized gate wire according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the conductive paste and the solar cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a laser beam irradiated conductive paste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a grid line formed on a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing foaming of a conductive paste by laser according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of four grid line morphologies of a regulated formation in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 illustrates the geometry of four shaped gate lines formed by modulation in an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals in the drawings:
1-conductive slurry, 2-matrix medium, 3-solar cell, 4-gap, 5-laser beam, 6-foaming and 7-grid line.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the process of forming the conductive grid line of the solar cell by laser non-contact printing, the invention provides two methods for regulating and controlling the geometric shape of the laser metalized grid line, wherein one of the methods is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a layer of conductive paste on a substrate medium serving as a donor film.
The conductive paste has certain viscosity and thickness, the preparation thickness can be arbitrarily adjusted within the range of 10-200 mu m, the viscosity can be divided into low, medium and high viscosity, and the variation range is 1-350 Pa.s.
The conductive paste mainly comprises metal powder, glass powder, an organic solvent and an auxiliary agent. The particle size of the metal powder can vary from hundred nanometers to ten micrometers, and the metal powder can comprise a number of systems: mainly Ag, al, cu and other particle powder with high conductivity, for example, composite metal powder such as Ag-Cu, ag-Al, cu-Ag and the like can be adopted, and various conductive pastes capable of forming films are also included in the protection scope of the invention.
S2, a solar cell is used as an acceptor material and is placed below a donor film substrate medium, as shown in fig. 3, a surface to be printed faces the conductive paste, a laser beam with fixed energy density is focused on the conductive paste, and the conductive paste can be transferred onto the solar cell to process and manufacture a plurality of grid lines; and changing the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell, and repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines at each gap distance.
The gap between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell can be adjusted by means of an adjusting platform or a reference, wherein the adjusting platform comprises a Z-axis servo motor, a linear motor, a ball screw drive or the like.
Generally, a laser beam of a fixed energy density is focused on the conductive paste through the donor film base medium, and as shown in fig. 3, a processing track and a speed are set, and the formation of five gate lines is repeated at each gap.
The matrix medium is selected from semitransparent and transparent organic or inorganic materials, and the laser light source is selected from infrared light (1064-1070 nm), visible light (400-780 nm), ultraviolet light source (355 nm), and CO 2 Laser (10.6 mu)m), excimer lasers, etc., the pulse width size can vary from the ms-mus-ns-ps range.
In this embodiment, the printing and molding process is preferably performed by ms-us-ps, infrared (1064-1070 nm) and visible (400-780 nm) laser.
S3, separating the donor film matrix medium containing the residual conductive paste from the solar cell.
S4, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S3 to form a formed grid line, observing the geometric shape of the formed grid line under each gap distance, and selecting the gap distance of the formed grid line characteristic as a fixed gap distance matched with the laser energy density subsequently.
The laser beam will cause the organic solvent or additive in the conductive paste to foam, driving the surrounding radial conductive paste to expand and move downward by the foaming action, as shown in fig. 6. At the same laser energy density, the initial size of foaming caused by the laser is approximately the same. However, since the gap distance (the gap distance indicates the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell, which is simply referred to as "gap distance" in the present invention) is different, the contact between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell is different and the contact area is different. At zero gap distance, the bottom paste just protruding contacts the solar cell, and the solar cell has a large linewidth, explosiveness or bimodal geometry. And under the small gap distance, the contact area between the convex bottom slurry and the solar cell is reduced, so that the geometric morphology of small line width and single peak is formed. When the gap distance is continuously increased, only part of the protruding slurry is in contact with the solar cell, and the formed grid line presents a punctiform appearance.
In this embodiment, the morphology features of the formed gate line under each gap distance can be observed by using a laser scanning confocal microscope, and a gap is determined as a fixed gap for subsequent processing. The method for selecting the fixed gap distance comprises the following steps: and selecting a gap distance with the same formed grid line characteristic as the geometric shape of the required grid line as a fixed gap distance according to the geometric shape of the required grid line.
In the solar cell grid line application background, the grid line needs to have a continuous current transmission function, and a continuous shape of the conductive grid line is necessary. It is preferable to select a gap distance, which is characterized as a continuous line, of one shaped gate line as the fixed gap distance.
S5, repeating the step S1.
S6, under the fixed gap distance, the laser energy density is sequentially increased from low to high, and the processing of a plurality of grid lines is repeatedly carried out under each laser energy density, so that the number of the grid lines processed in the step S2 is the same, and the statistical analysis is convenient. Since the geometry of the gate lines is 4, the process of 5 gate lines is typically repeated to cover all kinds of geometry features.
S7, repeating the step S3;
s8, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S7 to obtain the formed grid lines with different geometric shapes under each laser energy density.
By changing the laser energy density, the initial foaming caused by the laser energy density is different, so that the expansion range of the bottom of the conductive paste is different, and the contact sequence and the area of the conductive paste and the solar cell are different. There is a critical matching laser energy threshold.
When the laser energy is smaller than the critical threshold, the foaming volume is smaller, the bottom of the conductive paste is not or just contacted with the solar cell, and the adhesion between the conductive paste and the solar cell is smaller, so that dot-shaped grid lines can appear.
When the laser energy is close to the critical threshold, the foaming volume is proper, the bottom of the conductive paste is in stable contact with the solar cell to form a connecting bridge, the formed grid line is continuous, and the grid line shows a unimodal cross-section morphology after being separated from the donor film.
When the laser energy is larger than the critical threshold, the foaming volume is increased, the contact area between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell is larger, the line width is increased, the formed grid line is continuous, and the grid line presents a bimodal cross-section morphology due to the fact that the conductive paste does not exist around the larger foaming when the grid line is separated from the donor film.
When the laser energy is far greater than the critical threshold, the foaming pressure and volume increase rapidly, and explosion occurs before the laser energy contacts the solar cell, so that the conductive paste is broken and scattered on the solar cell, and the explosion appearance is presented.
In the method, the laser energy density is sequentially increased under the fixed gap distance, the laser energy density adjustment interval covers the laser energy density critical threshold value, forming grid lines with all geometric shapes can be obtained, and whether the adjustment interval of the laser energy density is comprehensive or not can be judged according to the geometric shapes of the forming grid lines.
4 grid lines with different geometric shapes are regulated and formed through the matching relation between the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell and the energy density of the laser beam, and the grid lines are respectively formed in a dot shape, a linear-unimodal shape, a linear-bimodal shape and an explosive shape, as shown in figures 7-8.
In this embodiment, how to adjust the geometric shape of the laser metallization grid line is mainly described by taking a case of increasing the laser energy density by fixing the gap distance as an example, and correspondingly, the grid lines with different shapes can be adjusted and controlled by changing the gap distance under the condition of fixing the laser energy density, which is specifically as follows.
In a second aspect of the present invention, another method for adjusting geometry of a laser metalized grid line is provided, and the parameters of the conductive paste, the laser beam energy density, the laser light source and other devices involved in the method are the same as those of the method, and the method is only the adjustment of the matching sequence of the laser beam energy density and the gap distance, and the content is as follows:
s1, preparing a layer of conductive paste on a substrate medium serving as a donor film.
S2, the solar cell is used as an acceptor material, the acceptor material is placed below a donor film substrate medium, the surface to be printed faces the conductive paste, a laser beam with energy density is focused on the conductive paste, the laser energy density is sequentially increased from low to high under the condition that the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell is fixed, processing of a plurality of grid lines is repeatedly carried out under each laser energy density, and the conductive paste is transferred onto the solar cell.
S3, separating the donor film matrix medium containing the residual conductive paste from the solar cell.
S4, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S3 to form a formed grid line, observing the geometric morphology of the formed grid line under each laser energy density, and selecting the laser energy density of one formed grid line morphology feature as the follow-up fixed energy density matched with the gap distance.
In the method, the selection criteria of the fixed energy density are as follows: according to the geometric shape of the required grid line, selecting the energy density with the same characteristic as the geometric shape of the required grid line as the fixed energy density.
Preferably, the fixed energy density is selected from the following criteria: the energy density of a shaped grid line is selected as the fixed energy density.
S5, repeating the step S1.
S6, changing the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell under the condition of fixed energy density, and repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines under each gap distance.
S7, repeating the step S3.
S8, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S7 to obtain the formed grid lines with different geometric shapes under each gap distance.
In the method, the formed grid lines with different geometric shapes under each gap distance are prepared sequentially by fixing the laser energy density and increasing the gap distance, and 4 grid lines with different geometric shapes can be formed by regulating and controlling the matching relation of the gap distance and the laser beam energy density.
Example 1
To further illustrate the methods provided by the present invention, a further illustration of example 1 is provided.
Early preparation: the conductive silver paste is selected as the conductive paste, and the related parameters of the conductive silver paste are as follows: particle size of 3-5 μm, viscosityThe size is 150-350 Pa.s, and the forming thickness is 20 μm. The gap adjustment interval between the bottom of the conductive silver paste and the solar cell is 5 μm, and the gap sizes are controlled to be 0, 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm and 20 μm in sequence. The laser selects visible light, the pulse width range is picosecond, and the energy density change interval is 0.65J/cm 2 -1.55J/cm 2 The movement speed of the laser beam is 1000mm/s, 2500mm/s, 5000mm/s.
The specific process is as follows:
first, a conductive silver paste of 20 μm thickness was prepared on a donor film and fixed on a three-dimensional platform. At a fixed rate of 1J/cm 2 Under the laser energy density, the gap between the bottom of the conductive silver paste and the solar cell is increased by using a Z-axis motion platform at a step length of 5 mu m, a motion track and a processing speed are set, and a laser is turned on to perform grid line forming processing.
After the processing is completed, the donor film is separated from the solar cell. And (3) after the formed grid line is subjected to drying and sintering treatment, observing the geometric shape of the formed grid line, selecting 5 mu m as a fixed gap between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell, and subsequently matching with the change of the laser energy density.
In the case of a fixed gap, at 0.05J/cm 2 The step length of the gate line is increased by the laser energy density, and the forming processing of the gate line is performed. 4 grid lines with different geometric shapes are formed by regulating and controlling through the matching relation of the gap size and the laser energy density, and the grid lines are formed in a dot shape, a linear-unimodal shape and a linear-bimodal shape respectively, and are formed explosively.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application, the scope of which is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art, which modifications and equivalents are also considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for regulating and controlling the geometry of a laser metalized grid line, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a layer of conductive paste on a matrix medium serving as a donor film;
s2, a solar cell is used as an acceptor material, is placed below a donor film substrate medium, faces to be printed face the conductive paste, laser beams with fixed energy density are focused on the conductive paste, and the conductive paste can be transferred to the solar cell to process and manufacture a plurality of grid lines;
changing the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell, and repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines at each gap distance;
s3, separating the donor film matrix medium containing the residual conductive paste from the solar cell;
s4, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S3 to form a formed grid line, observing the geometric shape of the formed grid line at each gap distance, and selecting the gap distance of the formed grid line shape characteristic as a fixed gap distance matched with the energy density of the laser beam subsequently;
s5, repeating the step S1;
s6, sequentially increasing the energy density of the laser beam from low to high under the condition of fixed gap distance, and repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines under each energy density;
s7, repeating the step S3;
s8, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S7 to obtain formed grid lines with different geometric shapes under each energy density;
the conductive paste comprises an organic solvent or an auxiliary agent, the organic solvent or the auxiliary agent in the conductive paste is foamed under the irradiation action of a laser beam, the peripheral radial conductive paste is driven to downwards expand and move through the foaming action, and the conductive paste is transferred onto a solar cell sheet and forms the geometric shape of a formed grid line;
4 grid lines with different geometric shapes are regulated and formed through the matching relation between the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell and the energy density of the laser beam, and the grid lines are formed in a dot shape, a linear-unimodal shape, a linear-bimodal shape and an explosive shape respectively.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser metallization grid geometry is controlled by a laser,
the method for selecting the fixed gap distance comprises the following steps: and selecting a gap distance with the same formed grid line characteristic as the geometric shape of the required grid line as a fixed gap distance according to the geometric shape of the required grid line.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the laser metallization grid geometry is controlled by a laser,
the method for selecting the fixed gap distance comprises the following steps: the gap distance of a shaped grid line characterized as a continuous line is selected as the fixed gap distance.
4. A method for modulating the geometry of a laser metalized gate wire according to any one of claims 1-3,
the thickness of the conductive paste on the donor film substrate medium is 10-200 mu m, and the viscosity of the conductive paste is 1-350 Pa.s.
5. A method for regulating and controlling the geometry of a laser metalized grid line, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a layer of conductive paste on a matrix medium serving as a donor film;
s2, the solar cell is used as an acceptor material, is placed below a donor film substrate medium, the surface to be printed faces the conductive paste, the laser beam with energy density is focused on the conductive paste,
under the condition that the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell is fixed, sequentially increasing the energy density of the laser beam from low to high, repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines under each energy density, and transferring the conductive paste onto the solar cell;
s3, separating the donor film matrix medium containing the residual conductive paste from the solar cell;
s4, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S3 to form a formed grid line, observing the geometric shape of the formed grid line under each laser energy density, and selecting the energy density of the formed grid line shape characteristic as the follow-up fixed energy density matched with the gap distance;
s5, repeating the step S1;
s6, changing the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell under the condition of fixed energy density, and repeatedly processing a plurality of grid lines under each gap distance;
s7, repeating the step S3;
s8, drying and sintering the conductive paste on the solar cell piece separated in the step S7 to obtain formed grid lines with different geometric shapes at each gap distance;
the conductive paste comprises an organic solvent or an auxiliary agent, the organic solvent or the auxiliary agent in the conductive paste is foamed under the irradiation action of a laser beam, the peripheral radial conductive paste is driven to downwards expand and move through the foaming action, and the conductive paste is transferred onto a solar cell sheet and forms the geometric shape of a formed grid line;
4 grid lines with different geometric shapes are regulated and formed through the matching relation between the gap distance between the bottom of the conductive paste and the solar cell and the energy density of the laser beam, and the grid lines are formed in a dot shape, a linear-unimodal shape, a linear-bimodal shape and an explosive shape respectively.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the laser metallization grid geometry is controlled by a laser,
the selection method of the fixed energy density comprises the following steps: according to the geometric shape of the required grid line, selecting the energy density with the same characteristic as the geometric shape of the required grid line as the fixed energy density.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the laser metallization grid geometry is controlled by a laser,
the selection method of the fixed energy density comprises the following steps: the energy density of a shaped grid line is selected as the fixed energy density.
8. A method of modulating a geometry of a laser metallization grid line as set forth in any one of claims 5-7,
the thickness of the conductive paste on the donor film substrate medium is 10-200 mu m, and the viscosity of the conductive paste is 1-350 Pa.s.
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