CN115796671A - Method for evaluating ecological service function of suburb park - Google Patents
Method for evaluating ecological service function of suburb park Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for evaluating ecological service functions of a suburb park, which comprises the following steps: constructing a first-level index and a second-level index of a suburb park ecological service function evaluation index system, wherein the first-level index comprises ecological regulation service and culture service; setting a characteristic calculation formula aiming at the characteristics of the secondary indexes, and calculating the ecological functional quantity of the secondary indexes; the cost value reflects the value of the secondary index; and summarizing to obtain the ecological service function evaluation result of the suburb park. The method realizes the quantitative evaluation of the ecological service function of the suburban park, provides decision basis for the planning and design of the suburban park, and is favorable for strengthening the ecological civilized construction of cities; the method aims at the ecological functional quantity of the suburban park, and converts the ecological functional quantity into the cost required by realizing the same ecological functional quantity by using manual treatment measures, so that the evaluation result obtained by the method has objectivity and persuasion and high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecological environment protection, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating ecological service functions of a suburb park.
Background
The value accounting of the ecological products is the fundamental work of ecological creation and engineering planning and design transformation. The value of the current ecological product mainly takes administrative areas of province, city, county and village or regional units of a forest, a lake and a marsh as accounting units. For a green open space with superior ecological background, the value accounting of ecological products of the green open space is lack of targeted accounting indexes and methods.
The prior art is lack of an ecological value evaluation method for ecological creation and modification projects, and cannot objectively evaluate the value of ecological services provided by the ecological creation and modification projects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a method for evaluating the ecological service function of a suburb park, which aims at the ecological function quantity of the suburb park, converts the ecological function quantity into the cost expense required by realizing the same ecological function quantity by using manual treatment measures, and reflects the value of the ecological function quantity, so as to obtain the evaluation result of the ecological service function of the suburb park, provide a decision basis for planning and designing the suburb park and guide the construction of the suburb park.
The technical scheme of the invention is a method for evaluating the ecological service function of a suburb park, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a first-level index and a second-level index of a suburb park ecological service function evaluation index system, wherein the first-level index comprises ecological regulation service and culture service;
and 2, step: setting a characteristic calculation formula aiming at the characteristics of the secondary indexes, and calculating the ecological functional quantity of the secondary indexes;
the cost required for realizing the ecological functional quantity in a manual treatment mode is converted by taking the ecological functional quantity as a target, and the cost reflects the value of the secondary index;
and 3, step 3: summarizing the index values in the step (2) to obtain a function evaluation result of the ecological service of the suburb park;
preferably, the secondary indexes of the ecological regulation service include water conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, air purification, water quality maintenance, flood regulation and storage, and comfortable climate regulation.
The water source conservation refers to the retention of stagnant storage precipitation by various wetland and forest ecological systems in the suburban park range, the enhancement of soil infiltration and accumulation, the conservation of soil moisture, the regulation of storm runoff, the supplement of underground water and the increase of available water resources; the cost for constructing the water conservancy facilities with the same energy is the value of the energy of the water source conservation.
The carbon fixation and oxygen release means that the forest land and the wetland in the suburb park absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to synthesize organic matters, so that carbon is fixed in plants or soil and oxygen is released; the carbon dioxide converted into the same amount of carbon fixation is converted into the price of carbon dioxide traded through the carbon emission right and the cost of artificially preparing medical oxygen with the same functional quantity, namely the value of the functional quantity of carbon fixation and oxygen release.
The air purification means that a green land ecological system of a suburb park absorbs, filters, blocks and decomposes sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and particulate matters, reduces the content of various air pollutants and improves the regional air environment quality; the method is converted into artificial treatment to replace a green space ecosystem, and the treatment cost for maintaining good atmosphere is the value of the functional quantity of air purification.
The water quality maintenance means that aquatic plants and microorganisms in a water ecosystem in a suburb park adsorb, degrade and absorb ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus pollutants in a water body, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water body is improved and maintained, and various water bodies in the suburb park are maintained and improved to reach a standard of surface water IV class or above; the water quality maintenance cost is the ecological product value of water quality maintenance, which is converted into an artificial treatment replacement water ecological system, and the artificial treatment cost for maintaining and improving various water bodies to reach the surface water IV standard or above.
Flood regulation refers to the functional capacity of farmland, lake rivers and forest bushes in suburban parks in the rainstorm period to reduce the runoff of the rainstorm; the construction cost of the artificial flood control facilities for regulating and storing flood storms with the same functional capacity is the value of the functional capacity of flood regulation and storage.
The comfortable climate regulation means that the suburb park maintains comfortable temperature in the suburb park range through the transpiration of green land vegetation and the evaporation process of the water surface of rivers and lakes; converted into the method that the artificial air conditioner replaces greenbelt vegetation and the water surface of rivers and lakes to absorb heat of the same scale, the electricity cost is the value of the functional quantity of the comfortable climate regulation when the same comfortable temperature is maintained.
Preferably, the cultural service comprises three secondary indexes of leisure tourism, natural education and biodiversity.
The leisure tourism is based on the good natural ecological environment of the suburb park, tourists are attracted to the suburb park to carry out the tourism activity, and the value of the functional quantity experienced by the tourists is realized.
The natural education is a secondary index of the culture service of the suburb park, and means the value of the functional quantity for realizing the learning and education experience of the ornamental people by using forests, lakes, rivers and natural systems in the suburb park to develop various natural experience activities of bird appreciation, plant recognition, amphibian appreciation and firefly appreciation.
The biodiversity means that the superior ecological environment of the suburban park provides a suitable habitat for various organisms, and the biodiversity of the area is guaranteed; provides the required substances and good habitat for the living of organisms so as to maintain the values of species and genetic resources required by ecological succession and biological evolution, namely the value of the functional capacity of biodiversity.
Further, the value V of the functional quantity of the suburb park is equal to the value V of the functional quantity of the water conservation w Value V of the functional quantity of carbon fixation and oxygen release t Value V of functional quantity of air purification a Value V of functional amount for maintaining water quality wp Value V of flood-regulated functional quantity fm Value V of the functional quantity of comfort climate control tt Value V of functional amount for leisure travel e Value V of functional amount of natural education Gr Value V of functional amount of biodiversity b A sum, calculated as:
V＝V w +V t +V a +V wp +V fm +V tt +V e ++V Gr +V b
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The method realizes the quantitative evaluation of the ecological service function of the suburb park, has objectivity of evaluation results, provides decision basis for the planning and design of the suburb park, is favorable for strengthening the ecological civilization construction of cities and improves the living standard of citizens.
2) The method takes the ecological function quantity of the suburb park as a target, and converts the ecological function quantity into the cost required for realizing the same ecological function quantity by using manual treatment measures, so that the evaluation result obtained by the method has objectivity and persuasion and high reliability;
3) The method establishes a suburb park ecological service function evaluation index system containing a primary index and a secondary index, has good universality, is suitable for evaluating the functional quantity of various parks, and is popularized and used in a large range.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a suburban park ecological service function evaluation index system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the method for evaluating the ecological service function of the suburb park comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a first-level index and a second-level index of a suburb park ecological service function evaluation index system, wherein the first-level index comprises ecological regulation service and culture service;
and 2, step: setting a characteristic calculation formula aiming at the characteristics of the secondary indexes, and calculating the ecological functional quantity of the secondary indexes;
and 3, step 3: and (3) summarizing the index values in the step (2) to obtain a suburb park ecological service function evaluation result.
In an embodiment, the evaluation process for calculating the ecological power energy of the suburb park specifically includes:
(1) The value accounting of the ecological products of water conservation,
the water conservation is a secondary index of regulation service, and generally refers to the functions of intercepting stagnant storage rainfall by various wetland and forest ecological systems in the range of suburb parks, enhancing soil infiltration and accumulation, conserving soil moisture, regulating storm runoff, supplementing underground water, increasing available water resources and the like; the cost for constructing the water conservancy facilities with the same functional capacity is the value of the ecological product for water source conservation.
Ecological system for various wetlands, farmlands and forestsIs divided into N according to the surface runoff coefficient e Class and respectively count the area A of the i-th class ecosystem i (m 2 )i＝1,2…N e . According to the principle of conservation of water in the ecological system, the water yield and rainfall P (mm/a), the surface runoff coefficient ri and the evaporation emission ET of each type of ecological system i (mm/a), measuring and calculating the water source conservation quantity Q of various wetland, farmland, forest and other ecological systems w (m 3 A). Simulating construction and equivalent functional capacity Q of ecological system water source conservation by using shadow engineering method w (m 3 A) water conservancy facility, the cost of unit storage capacity required for building the water conservancy facility is P w (Yuan/m) 3 )。
Ecological product value V for water conservation w The accounting formula is:
V w ＝P w ×∑(P-P×r i -ET i )×A i ×1000
(2) The value of the ecological product of carbon fixation and oxygen release is calculated,
carbon fixation and oxygen release are secondary indexes of regulation service, and generally refer to that forest lands and wetlands in a suburb park absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to synthesize organic matters, so that carbon is fixed in plants or soil and oxygen is released. The conversion is that the price of the carbon fixation through carbon emission right trading is manually prepared into the price of medical oxygen with the same functional quantity, namely the ecological product value of carbon fixation and oxygen release.
Area A (km) of suburb park is counted 2 ). Counting biomass increment delta GB of the ecosystem in an accounting period t (t/km 2 ) According to the biomass-carbon conversion coefficient C C Coefficient of carbon dioxide to carbon M CO2 /M c =44/12, calculating carbon dioxide fixation amount Q of rural park ecosystem using net productivity model tCO2 (t) of (d). Oxygen release by fixed carbon dioxide through photosynthesis according to the coefficient M of carbon dioxide to oxygen O2 /M CO2 =32/44, calculating oxygen release quantity Q of ecological system of suburb park tO2 (t) of (d). The median of the carbon dioxide trading price in the carbon emission trading market in the annual accounting is P CO2 (Yuan/t), the medical oxygen preparation cost is P O2 (Yuan/t). Ecological product value V of carbon fixation and oxygen release t The accounting formula is as follows:
(3) The value accounting of the ecological product of the air purification,
air purification is a secondary index of regulation service, and generally refers to the absorption, filtration, obstruction and decomposition of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, particulate matters and other atmospheric pollutants by a green land ecological system of a suburb park, so that the content of various air pollutants is reduced, and the regional air environment quality is improved; the ecological product value of air purification is obtained by converting the ecological product value into artificial treatment to replace a green space ecological system and maintaining the treatment cost of good atmosphere.
According to the national standard, the proportion G of excellent air quality grade to good days in the suburb park in one year is counted a (%). Converting into artificial atmosphere treatment measures for the area A (km) of the suburb park 2 ) The number of days for realizing excellent and good air grade is P, and the treatment cost of the atmosphere per square kilometer is P a (Yuan/(km) 2 )). Ecological product value V of air purification of suburb park a The accounting formula is:
V a ＝G a ×P a ×A
(4) The value accounting of the ecological products for maintaining the water quality,
the water quality maintenance is a secondary index of regulation service, generally refers to the adsorption, degradation and absorption of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like in water bodies by aquatic plants, microorganisms and other organic organisms in a water ecosystem in a rural park, the increase and maintenance of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water bodies, the maintenance and improvement of various water bodies in the rural park above the IV standard of surface water, and the III function of the surface water is higher than the IV function of the surface water; the water quality maintenance cost is the ecological product value of water quality maintenance, which is converted into an artificial treatment replacement water ecological system, and the artificial treatment cost for maintaining and improving various water bodies to reach the surface water IV standard or above.
A monitoring section is arranged in a river and lake water body in a suburb park, and indexes such as chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and dissolved oxygen of the water body are monitored. According to the national surface water environment quality standard, evaluating the water quality category of the monitored section, and counting the water area A with the surface water environment quality of III w3 (m 2 ) And water area A of class IV w4 (m 2 ). Taking the surface water environment quality class V as a treatment starting end, and calculating the unit price PI of the water treated by the surface water environment quality class V to the class III III (Yuan/m) 2 ) And monovalent cost of class IV PI IV (Yuan/m) 2 ) (ii) a The maintenance of the water ecological system on III types and IV types of water bodies in rivers and lakes is replaced by manual maintenance, and the cost of labor unit price for the maintenance of the III types and the IV types is P III (Yuan/m) 2 ) And P IV (Yuan/m) 2 ). Ecological product value V for water quality maintenance of suburb park wp The accounting formula is as follows:
V wp ＝(PI III +O III )×A w3 +(PI IV +P IV )×A w4
(5) The value accounting of the ecological products of flood regulation and storage,
flood regulation is a secondary index for regulating service, and generally refers to the functional quantity of reduction of runoff of rainstorm by farmlands, lakes, rivers and forest shrubs in rural parks in the rainstorm period with daily rainfall greater than 50 mm; the construction cost of the artificial flood control facilities for regulating and storing the flood stormwater with the same functional capacity is the ecological product value of flood regulation.
Classifying farmland and forest brush in suburb park according to surface runoff coefficient difference, and respectively counting area A of i-th type ecosystem i (m 2 ). From rainfall P (mm) and surface runoff coefficient r i Calculating ecological system of farmland and forest shrubsTotal volume of flood regulation C fc (m 3 ). Area A of lake and river in suburb park is counted L (km 2 ) According to the lake water amount regulating quantity evaluation model, the regulating quantity CL (m) of the lake and the river is measured and calculated 3 ). The construction cost of the facility converted into the artificial flood control facility and used for regulating and storing the same work energy is P fm (Yuan/m) 3 ) Ecological product value V for flood regulation fm The accounting formula is:
V fm ＝(C fc +CL)×P fm ＝[∑(P-P×r i )×A i ×1000+CL]×P fm
take lake in eastern plain area as an example, CL = e 4.924 ×A L 1.128 ×3.19×10 4 。
(6) The value accounting of the ecological products for comfortable climate conditioning,
the comfortable climate regulation is a secondary index of regulation service, and generally means that the temperature of a suburb park is maintained at a comfortable temperature within the range of the suburb park through the transpiration of green land vegetation and the heat absorption in the evaporation process of the water surface of rivers and lakes when the temperature is higher than 26 ℃; the heat is converted into the heat which is absorbed by the artificial air conditioner to replace greenbelt vegetation and the water surface of rivers and lakes on the same scale, the same comfortable temperature is maintained, and the electricity price is the ecological product value for comfortable climate regulation.
Divide the green vegetation system in the suburb park into N p Class, area S of the j-th green vegetation system j ，j＝1,2…N p (ii) a According to the heat EPP consumed by transpiration of each type of green land vegetation system in unit area j (kJ/(m 2 D)), and the number of days D required for the air-conditioning to be opened for maintaining the temperature of 26 ℃ and the energy efficiency ratio r of the air-conditioning, and the energy E consumed by vegetation transpiration is measured pt (kWh); according to the water surface of rivers and lakes in suburb parks, the water surface evaporation E is more than 26 ℃ in average daily in one year w (m 3 ) Calculating the energy E consumed by evaporation of water surface of river or lake with the heat q (J/g) required by evaporation of 1g water we (kWh); energy E consumed by accumulating vegetation transpiration pt (kWh) and energy E consumed by evaporation of river and lake water surface we (kWh) is the total energy E consumed by transpiration and evaporation of the ecological system of the suburb park tt (kWh). Will be ecological systemThe system is changed into an air conditioner for regulation, and the total energy E is consumed tt (kWh) the electricity price of the rural park is P e (yuan/kWh).
Ecological product value V for comfortable climate regulation of suburb parks tt The accounting formula is:
V tt ＝(E pt +E we )×P e
＝[∑EPP j ×S j ×D×10 6 /(3600×r)+E w ×q×10 3 /3600]×P e
(7) The value of the ecological products of leisure travel is calculated,
the leisure tourism is a secondary index of cultural service, generally means that tourists are attracted to a suburb park to carry out tourism activities based on the good natural ecological environment of the suburb park, and tickets, diet, consumption and the like actually paid by the tourists in the activities and other potential payment intentions are the ecological product value of the leisure tourism.
For the countryside park of the accounting object, the number N of people who travel to the countryside park for leisure in one year is counted g (people/a) conducting a questionnaire survey on tourists traveling to the suburb park, wherein the survey tourists pay CC per capita in the suburb park for consumption including tickets, diet, shopping and the like g (yuan/man times), survey other willingness-to-pay CSg (yuan/man times) of the guest to the rural park. Ecological product value V of leisure travel in suburb park g The (element/a) accounting formula is:
V g ＝(CC g +CS g )×N g
(8) The value accounting of the ecological products of the natural education,
the natural education is a secondary index of cultural services, generally utilizes forests, lakes, rivers and natural systems in the suburb parks to develop various natural experience activities such as bird appreciation, plant identification, amphibian appreciation, firefly appreciation and the like, and the generated activity income is the ecological product value of the natural education.
Recording the natural education times developed in the suburb park within one year as N ye The number of visitors receiving the natural education at the s-th time in the same year is G s The s th time fromThe income of education is recorded as V Gs ；
The calculation formula of the value of the functional amount of natural education is:
(9) The value accounting of the ecological products of the biodiversity,
biodiversity is a secondary index of cultural services, generally means that the superior ecological environment of a suburb park provides a suitable habitat for various organisms, and the biodiversity of an area is guaranteed. Provides the required substances and good habitat for the living of organisms so as to maintain the values of species and genetic resources required by ecological succession and biological evolution, namely the value of the biodiversity ecological product.
A normalized species diversity investigation system is established in a suburb park, and the system is divided into N by taking flagship species and dominant species of local important biological species as objects b And (4) class. Obtaining the number n of t species according to species diversity survey data t (only). Obtaining a payment price P of protection willingness of t-type species through questionnaire t (element/element). Biodiversity ecological product value V b The accounting formula is as follows:
(10) The value accounting of the ecological products of the suburb park,
ecological product value V of suburb park Suburb park Equal to the value V of ecological products for water conservation w Ecological product value V of carbon fixation and oxygen release t And the value V of the ecological product for air purification a Ecological product value V for maintaining water quality wp Flood-regulated ecological product value V fm Ecological product value V for comfortable climate regulation tt Value V of ecological product for leisure and tourism e Ecological product value V of natural education Gr Biological diversity ecological product value V b The sum of the calculation formula is as follows:
V suburb park ＝V w +V t +V a +V wp +V fm +V tt +V e ++V Gr +V b
In conclusion, nine secondary indexes of water source conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, air purification, water quality maintenance, flood regulation, comfortable climate regulation, leisure travel, natural education and biological diversity are designed according to two primary indexes of regulation service and cultural service, an operable ecological product value accounting formula is innovatively designed according to the characteristics of the rural parks, and the good ecological environment of the rural parks can be accounted as an economic quantity value.
Claims (10)
1. The method for evaluating the ecological service function of the suburb park is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: constructing a first-level index and a second-level index of a suburb park ecological service function evaluation index system, wherein the first-level index comprises ecological regulation service and culture service;
and 2, step: setting a characteristic calculation formula aiming at the characteristics of the secondary indexes, and calculating the ecological functional quantity of the secondary indexes;
the cost required for realizing the ecological functional quantity in a manual treatment mode is converted by taking the ecological functional quantity as a target, and the cost reflects the value of the secondary index;
and 3, step 3: summarizing the index values in the step (2) to obtain a function evaluation result of the ecological service of the suburb park;
wherein the ecological regulation service comprises six secondary indexes of water source conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, air purification, water quality maintenance, flood regulation and storage and comfortable climate regulation;
the culture service comprises three secondary indexes of leisure tourism, natural education and biological diversity.
2. The method for evaluating the ecological service function of the suburb park as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water conservation refers to the retention and precipitation interception of various wetland and forest ecological systems in the suburb park range, the soil infiltration and accumulation enhancement, the soil moisture conservation, the storm runoff regulation, the groundwater supplement and the increase of available water resources;
converting the energy into artificial water conservancy facilities, wherein the cost for constructing the water conservancy facilities with the same energy is the value of the functional quantity of water source conservation; dividing various wetland, farmland and forest ecosystems in the suburb park range into N according to different surface runoff coefficients e Class i, wherein the surface runoff coefficient of the i-th ecological system is r i ，i＝1,2…N e ,N e A number representing a kind of the divided ecosystem;
measuring and calculating the area A of the i-th type ecosystem i (ii) a According to the principle of conservation of water in the ecological system, the water yield is P, and the surface runoff coefficient r i Emission ET of evaporation of various ecosystems i And measuring and calculating the functional quantity Q of water source conservation of various wetland, farmland and forest ecosystems w ；
Equivalent functional quantity Q for simulating construction and ecological system water source conservation w The unit storage cost required for building the water conservancy facility is P w ；
The value of the water conservation function is calculated according to the following formula:
V w ＝P w ×∑(P-P×r i -ET i )×A i ×1000
wherein V w The value of the water source conservation function quantity of the suburb park is shown.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon fixation and oxygen release means that the forest land and the wetland in the suburb park absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to synthesize organic matters, so as to fix carbon in the plants or soil and release oxygen;
the carbon dioxide is converted into carbon fixation equivalent carbon dioxide, the price of carbon emission right trading and the cost of artificially preparing medical oxygen with equivalent functional quantity are obtained, and the carbon fixation equivalent carbon dioxide is the value of the functional quantity of oxygen release;
counting the area A of the suburb park; counting biomass increase delta GB of the ecosystem t According to biomass-carbon conversionCoefficient of conversion C C And the coefficient of carbon dioxide converted into carbon is used for calculating the carbon dioxide fixed quantity Q of the ecological system of the suburb park tCO2 ；
The carbon dioxide fixed in carbon releases oxygen through the process of photosynthesis, and the coefficient M of the carbon dioxide converted into oxygen is used O2 /M CO2 Calculating oxygen releasing quantity Q of ecological system in suburb park tO2 ；
Value V of the functional quantity of carbon-fixing oxygen-releasing t The calculation formula of (c) is:
wherein P is CO2 A median representing a carbon dioxide trading price on a carbon emission trading market; p is O2 Represents the medical oxygen preparation cost; m CO2 /M c Representing the coefficient of carbon dioxide conversion to carbon.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air purification means that the green ecological system of the suburb park absorbs, filters, blocks and decomposes sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matters, so as to reduce the content of various air pollutants and improve the environmental quality of the regional air;
the method is converted into artificial treatment to replace a green space ecosystem, and the treatment cost for maintaining good atmosphere is the value of the functional quantity of air purification;
value V of functional quantity of air purification in suburb park a The calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
V a ＝G a ×P a ×A
wherein G is a The statistical proportion of excellent and good days of air quality grade in the suburb park in one year is shown; p a The equivalent realization of the atmospheric treatment cost of each square kilometer of excellent and good air grade for the suburb park area A by utilizing the artificial atmospheric treatment measures is shown.
5. The method for evaluating the ecological service function of the suburban park as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water quality maintenance refers to the adsorption, degradation and absorption of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus pollutants in water by aquatic plants and microorganisms in the water ecosystem of the suburban park, the increase and maintenance of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water, and the maintenance and improvement of various water bodies in the suburban park to be above the surface water IV standard;
converting the water into an artificial treatment alternative water ecological system, and maintaining and improving the artificial treatment cost of various water bodies to reach the standard of surface water above IV, namely the ecological product value of water quality maintenance;
arranging a monitoring section in the water body of a river or a lake in a suburb park, and generally monitoring the chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and dissolved oxygen of the water body;
according to the national surface water environment quality standard, evaluating the water quality category of the monitored section, and counting the water area A with the surface water environment quality of III w3 And water area A of class IV w4 ；
Taking the surface water environment quality class V as a treatment starting end, and calculating the unit price PI of the water treated by the surface water environment quality class V to the class III 3 And monovalent cost of class IV PI 4 ；
The maintenance of the water ecosystem for the III and IV types of the river and lake water body is replaced by manual maintenance, and the labor unit cost for the III and IV types of maintenance is recorded as P 3 And P 4 ；
Value V of functional quantity for water quality maintenance in suburb park wp The calculation formula is as follows:
V wp ＝(PI 3 +P 3 )XA w3 +(PI 4 +P 4 )×A w4
wherein A is w3 、A w4 Are respectively suburbThe quality of the surface water environment in the park is class III and class IV water area.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the flood regulation is the reduction of storm runoff by farmlands, lake rivers, and forest bushes in the suburb park during the period of stormy rain;
the construction cost of the artificial flood control facility for regulating and storing the flood stormwater with the same functional capacity is the value of the functional capacity of flood regulation and storage;
measuring and calculating the total flood regulation and storage amount C of the ecological system of the farmland and forest and shrub according to the rainfall P and the surface runoff coefficient fc ；
Area A of lake and river in suburb park is counted L Measuring and calculating the regulated storage capacity CL of the lake and the river;
value V of flood regulation function quantity fm The calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
V fm ＝(C fc +CL)×P fm ＝[∑(p-p×r i )×A i ×1000+CL]×P fm
wherein r is i Representing the surface runoff coefficient of the i-th ecosystem, i =1, 2' \ 8230n e ,N e A number representing a category of ecosystem of the rural park; a. The i Representing the area of the i-th ecosystem; p fm Showing the construction cost of facilities for regulating and storing the same functional capacity by using artificial flood control facilities.
7. The method for evaluating the ecological service function of the suburb park as claimed in claim 1, wherein the comfort climate regulation means that the suburb park maintains a comfortable temperature in the suburb park range through the transpiration of green vegetation and the heat absorption of the evaporation process of the water surface of rivers and lakes;
converted into the mode that the artificial air conditioner replaces greenbelt vegetation and the water surface of rivers and lakes to absorb heat of the same scale, the same comfortable temperature is maintained, and the electricity cost is the value of the functional quantity of comfortable climate regulation;
will be green in the suburb parkThe ground vegetation system is divided into N p Class, area S of the j-th green vegetation system j ，j＝1,2…N p ，N p Representing a total number of green vegetation system species in the rural park;
according to the heat EPP consumed by transpiration of various green land vegetation systems in unit area j And the number of days D that the air conditioner needs to be opened for maintaining the temperature of 26 ℃ and the energy efficiency ratio r of the air conditioner are calculated, and the energy E consumed by vegetation transpiration is calculated pt ；
According to the water surface of rivers and lakes in suburb parks, the water surface evaporation E is more than 26 ℃ in average daily in one year w Calculating the energy E consumed by evaporation of the water surface of the river or lake according to the heat required by water with unit weight of evaporation we ；
Accumulating the energy E consumed by vegetation transpiration pt Energy E consumed by evaporation of water surfaces of rivers and lakes we Namely the total energy E consumed by the transpiration evaporation of the suburb park ecosystem tt ；
The climate regulation of the ecological system is replaced by air conditioning regulation, and the total energy consumed is E tt The electricity price of the suburb park is P e ；
Value V of functional quantity for comfortable climate control of suburb parks tt The calculation formula of (c) is:
V tt ＝(E pt +E we )×P e
＝[∑EPP j ×S j ×D×10 6 /(3600×r)+E w ×q×10 3 /3600]×P e
where q represents the amount of heat required to evaporate 1 gram of water.
8. The method for evaluating the ecological service function of the suburb park as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leisure tourism means attracting tourists to the suburb park for the tourism activity based on the good natural ecological environment of the suburb park, so as to realize the value of the functional quantity experienced by the tourists;
carrying out questionnaire survey on tourists who travel in the suburb park, and surveying the per-capita cost CC of paying leisure service with the same experience effect;
suburb parkValue V of functional quantity for leisure travel g The calculation formula of (c) is:
V g ＝CC×N g
wherein N is g Showing the number of the annual average people who travel to the leisure in the suburb park.
9. The method for evaluating the ecological service function of the suburb park as claimed in claim 1, wherein the natural education is a secondary index of the suburb park culture service, and means a value of a function amount for realizing learning and education experience of an observer by using forests, lakes and rivers and natural systems in the suburb park to perform various natural experience activities of bird appreciation, plant recognition, amphibian appreciation and firefly appreciation;
recording the natural education times developed in the suburb park within one year as N ye The number of visitors receiving the natural education at the s-th time in the same year is G s The income of the natural education activity of the s th time is recorded as V Gs ；
The calculation formula of the value of the functional amount of natural education is:
wherein V Gr Represents the value of the function quantity of the natural education of the suburb park in one year.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biodiversity is characterized in that the superior ecological environment of the suburb park provides suitable habitat for various living things, and guarantees the biodiversity of the area; providing required substances and good inhabitation environment for the survival of organisms so as to maintain the value of species and genetic resources required by ecological succession and biological evolution, namely the value of the functional quantity of biological diversity;
establishing a normalized species diversity investigation system in a suburb park, classifying by taking flagship species and dominant species of local important biological species as objects, and counting the total number of classes asN b ；
Obtaining the number n of t-type species according to species diversity survey data t ；
Obtaining a price P to pay for protection willingness to type t species through questionnaires t ；
The formula for the calculation of the value of the functional amount of biodiversity is:
wherein V b The value of the functional quantity representing the biodiversity of a rural park.
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