CN115786800B - Smelting device for clean homogenized oversized steel ingot and use method - Google Patents
Smelting device for clean homogenized oversized steel ingot and use method Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting device and a smelting method for a clean and homogenized oversized steel ingot, wherein the smelting device comprises a base metal chamber, a vacuum smelting chamber and an electroslag furnace, wherein the base metal chamber is positioned right above the vacuum smelting chamber, and the vacuum smelting chamber is positioned right above the electroslag furnace; a plurality of induction heating crucibles which are arranged side by side at the same height are arranged in the vacuum melting chamber. The application method is as follows: ① A plurality of induction heating crucibles in the vacuum melting chamber are sequentially and periodically filled and melted into steel ingots of the base metal to form molten steel; ② And slowly casting molten steel into the electroslag furnace crystallizer periodically in sequence to provide continuous and stable molten steel for the crystallizer, and obtaining an oversized electroslag ingot under the cooling of the crystallizer. Because the molten steel is always carried out under vacuum, the air is isolated, and the ultra-clean purification of the electroslag ingot is realized. The invention can obtain over 100 tons of ultra-clean and homogenized extra-large electroslag ingots, and meets the requirement that short plates of the ultra-clean and homogenized extra-large electroslag ingots cannot be produced in great engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a smelting device and method for clean and homogenized oversized steel ingots.
Background
With the high-speed development of the industry in China, the demands for ultra-clean, homogenized and oversized steel ingots are increasingly increasing in the fields of national defense, military industry, aerospace, energy power and the like. Electroslag remelting is an important method for producing high-quality and oversized steel ingots, and plays an important role in smelting high-quality special steel, and the main reasons are high cleanliness of the steel ingots obtained by the electroslag remelting, tiny nonmetallic inclusions, good center segregation and compact structure. The traditional method for smelting the extra-large steel ingot takes a base metal steel ingot as a consumable electrode, adopts double support arms to alternately smelt a plurality of base metal steel ingots, and smelts the extra-large electroslag ingot under an ingot drawing electroslag furnace. However, the crystallizer is contacted with air in the time period of the double support arms for exchanging the base metal ingot, so that the phenomena of oxide skin and slag hydrogen absorption occur on the surface of the base metal ingot, the phenomena of oxygenation and hydrogen increase of the electroslag ingot are caused, and an ultra-clean electroslag ingot cannot be obtained; and the current is interrupted, so that the electroslag ingot at the position is easy to have defects of slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity and the like, and the homogenization of the electroslag ingot in the time period of exchanging the base metal steel ingot cannot be ensured. In summary, when a plurality of base metal ingots are exchanged by the double support arms to obtain an oversized electroslag ingot, the surface of the base metal ingot is oxidized to increase the oxygen content and the inclusion grade in the electroslag ingot, the oxygen content in the electroslag ingot is easily increased by water vapor in the air entering a crystallizer, the defects of slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity and the like are easily generated at the corresponding electroslag ingot position during the exchange of the base metal ingot, and the center segregation of the electroslag ingot is easily caused by the small-diameter base metal ingot to influence the performance of a final product; the traditional double-support arm electroslag remelting mode cannot obtain ultra-clean, homogenized, low-segregation and oversized electroslag ingots. Aiming at the problem, a set of novel electroslag remelting device and method are urgently needed to be developed to produce ultra-clean, homogenized, low-segregation and oversized electroslag ingots, so that the requirements of important engineering in China are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low cleanliness and poor homogenization in the smelting of the existing oversized electroslag ingot, and provides a novel electroslag furnace steelmaking device and method, which can produce the oversized electroslag ingot with ultra-clean, homogenized, low segregation; the oversized steel ingot is a steel ingot with the diameter of more than 120 cm, the height of more than 400 cm and the weight of more than 50 tons, and preferably the oversized steel ingot is a steel ingot with the diameter of 120-220 cm, the height of 400-800 cm and the weight of 50-250 tons.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a smelting device for clean and homogenized oversized steel ingot, which comprises n base metal chambers, a vacuum smelting chamber and an electroslag furnace; a base material lifting rod and a base material grabber are arranged in the base material chamber, and a base material chamber vacuum valve is arranged on the side wall of the base material chamber; n induction heating crucibles and a funnel diversion trench are arranged in the vacuum melting chamber, and a melting chamber vacuum valve is arranged on the side wall; the electroslag furnace comprises a conductive crystallizer; the base material chamber is communicated with the vacuum smelting chamber, and a movable sealing plate is arranged at the communication part; the induction heating crucible, the funnel diversion trench and the conductive crystallizer are arranged up and down in sequence; n is not less than 2, preferably 2.
In the technical scheme, the base material chamber, the vacuum melting chamber and the electroslag furnace are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and preferably, the base material chamber is positioned right above the vacuum melting chamber, and the vacuum melting chamber is positioned right above the electroslag furnace; the bottom of the parent metal chamber is communicated with the vacuum smelting chamber, the top of the conductive crystallizer is communicated with the bottom of the vacuum smelting chamber in a sealing way, so that the whole smelting device is communicated, and after vacuumizing, the inside of the smelting device is in a vacuum environment; a sealing plate is arranged at the communication part between the bottom of the base material chamber and the vacuum melting chamber to separate the base material chamber from the vacuum melting chamber, and when the base material chamber is not in vacuum, the vacuum melting chamber is not affected by the blocking of the sealing plate, and the vacuum is still maintained; the top of the conductive crystallizer is communicated with the vacuum melting chamber in a sealing way, so that vacuum breaking caused by external environment is avoided. As a general knowledge, the base material chamber and the vacuum melting chamber are respectively communicated with a vacuum pump through a vacuum valve, and can be vacuumized.
In the technical scheme, the bottom of the base material lifting rod is provided with the base material grabber, and the base material grabber is an existing product and is used for grabbing and loosening steel ingots; the induction heating crucible is positioned right below the parent metal grabber, and after the steel ingot is grabbed, the steel ingot can be lowered into the induction heating crucible through the lifting rod, so that the steel ingot is melted; the diversion trench is positioned below the induction heating crucible and can receive molten steel melted in the induction heating crucible; the diversion trench is positioned above the conductive crystallizer and can be used for injecting molten steel into the conductive crystallizer; the specific positional relationship among the induction heating crucible, the diversion trench and the conductive crystallizer opening is not particularly limited, and the above functions can be realized.
In the technical scheme, a plurality of induction heating crucibles are arranged in the vacuum melting chamber. The induction heating crucible itself and its use are prior art and the installation in a vacuum melting chamber is also conventional. For example, an induction heating crucible for melting a steel ingot is mounted on a rotating shaft of a motor, and molten steel can be poured out. n base material chambers are correspondingly arranged on the n induction heating crucibles, the n base material chambers are in one-to-one correspondence, and the n induction heating crucibles can respectively pour molten steel into the funnel diversion trenches; the diversion trench is a funnel-shaped crucible with an opening at the bottom or other devices which can receive molten steel and diversion the molten steel into the conductive crystallizer.
The vacuum melting chamber is provided with a plurality of induction heating crucibles and a diversion trench, and the plurality of induction heating crucibles can guide molten steel into the diversion trench; preferably, the diversion trench is a funnel, so that the large opening can be used for receiving molten steel of a plurality of crucibles, and the cost is reduced. Preferably, a plurality of induction heating crucibles are placed side by side. Further, the induction heating crucibles in the vacuum melting chamber are placed side by side at the same height: each induction heating crucible is sequentially and periodically filled and melted with a steel ingot of a base metal, and molten steel is sequentially and alternately poured into the electroslag furnace crystallizer through the inclined crucible by a funnel, so that continuous and stable molten steel is provided for the electroslag furnace crystallizer.
In the technical scheme, a ceramic net is arranged at the opening of the conductive crystallizer, and an electromagnetic stirring device is arranged at the outer side of the opening of the conductive crystallizer; preferably, the pore diameter of the ceramic net is 6 mm-9 mm. The invention relates to a conductive crystallizer which is an existing product and is an ingot drawing type, wherein the whole conductive crystallizer consists of an upper conductive crystallization part, a lower water cooling crystallization part and an external power supply loop, a liquid slag inlet is conventionally arranged, and a conventional electroslag furnace is formed by the conductive crystallizer and an ingot drawing type bottom water tank. As common sense, the upper conductive crystallization part and the lower water cooling crystallization part are matched to form a crystallizer, an insulating plate is arranged between the upper conductive crystallization part and the lower water cooling crystallization part, the lower water cooling crystallization part is arranged on an installation platform, an ingot drawing type bottom water tank is arranged below the installation platform and controlled by an ingot drawing moving assembly, and an alternating current power supply and a high-voltage electric brake are further arranged between the ingot drawing type bottom water tank and the upper conductive crystallization part. Further, a liquid level detection sensor is arranged on the electroslag furnace and is used for measuring the liquid level height of molten steel.
The base metal ingot is placed into a crucible of a vacuum melting chamber through a base metal chamber, the vacuum is pumped into the base metal chamber after the base metal ingot is filled each time, and air is prevented from entering the vacuum melting chamber through the base metal chamber, so that the vacuum melting chamber and the crystallizer are always in a vacuum or inert gas protection state, direct contact between molten steel and air is avoided, the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved, and an ultra-clean electroslag ingot is obtained. Further, the casting rate of molten steel is controlled by adjusting the inclination angle of the induction heating crucible, each induction heating crucible alternately casts molten steel in turn, continuous and stable molten steel is provided for the electroslag furnace crystallizer, the casting rate of the crucible in the vacuum melting chamber is matched with the steel ingot solidification rate of the electroslag furnace, continuous solidification of an electroslag ingot is realized, and the growth of the electroslag ingot is realized through the ingot pulling device. The conductive heating mode of the ingot-drawing electroslag furnace is AC power supply, conductive crystallization part, liquid slag, molten metal pool, electroslag ingot, bottom water tank, high voltage electric gate, AC power supply loop, slag generates great amount of Joule heat to make slag in high temperature molten state.
Further, the vacuum melting chamber is communicated with the electroslag furnace crystallizer in a sealing way, a ceramic net and an electromagnetic stirring device are arranged, molten steel is dispersed into metal droplets after passing through the ceramic net, the metal droplets are further decomposed into fine dispersed metal droplets under the stirring and crushing effects of the electromagnetic stirring device in the descending process, finally the fine dispersed metal droplets fall into the electroslag furnace crystallizer at the lower part and pass through a liquid slag pool, and the fine dispersed metal droplets are solidified into electroslag ingots under the cooling of the crystallizer.
The invention discloses a method for preparing a clean homogenized oversized steel ingot by utilizing the smelting device of the clean homogenized oversized steel ingot, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Filling a base metal ingot into each induction heating crucible in the vacuum melting chamber through the base metal chamber, vacuumizing the base metal chamber and the vacuum melting chamber, and then performing induction heating and melting on the base metal in each induction heating crucible to change the base metal into molten steel;
(2) Tilting the first induction heating crucible, allowing molten steel to flow into the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace through a funnel diversion trench, and then aligning the first induction heating crucible; simultaneously tilting the second induction heating crucible, allowing molten steel to flow into the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace through a funnel diversion trench, and then aligning the second induction heating crucible; sequentially carrying out the same operation on the subsequent induction heating crucible;
(3) Closing the sealing plate, putting the first parent metal ingot into a parent metal chamber, vacuumizing the parent metal chamber, opening the sealing plate, putting the parent metal in the parent metal chamber into a first corrected induction heating crucible, and heating and melting the parent metal ingot in the crucible; when the second induction heating crucible is returned, the first induction heating crucible is inclined, molten steel flows into the electroslag furnace crystallizer, and meanwhile, the base metal in the second base metal chamber is placed in the returned second induction heating crucible, and the base metal ingot in the crucible is heated and melted; sequentially carrying out the same operation on the subsequent induction heating crucible;
And (3) repeating the step to obtain the clean homogenized oversized steel ingot.
As a general knowledge, after an ingot drawing bottom water tank and a crystallizer of an electroslag furnace are sealed, pouring liquid slag through a slag adding port, closing a high-voltage electric switch at the same time, forming a power supply loop of an alternating current power supply, a conductive crystallizer, the liquid slag, the bottom water tank and the alternating current power supply, and heating the liquid slag by using joule heat generated by the liquid slag; the crystallizer will perform ingot extraction to maintain the slag level, as is conventional in the art. After the base material chamber and the vacuum melting chamber are vacuumized, the interior of the electroslag furnace crystallizer is naturally vacuumized.
Specifically, when a plurality of induction heating crucibles are placed side by side at the same height in a vacuum melting chamber, two diversion trenches are taken as funnels as examples, and the using method of the device comprises the following steps:
(1) Filling a base metal ingot into each induction heating crucible in the vacuum melting chamber, vacuumizing the base metal chamber and the vacuum melting chamber, opening the sealing plate at the moment, and then performing induction heating and melting on the base metal ingot in each crucible to change the base metal ingot into molten steel;
(2) Tilting the first crucible, allowing molten steel to flow into the electroslag furnace crystallizer through the funnel, and correcting the crucible; simultaneously tilting the second crucible, allowing molten steel to flow into the electroslag furnace crystallizer through the funnel, and then correcting the crucible;
(3) Closing the sealing plate, placing the parent metal ingot into a parent metal chamber, vacuumizing the parent metal chamber, opening the sealing plate at the bottom of the parent metal chamber, placing the parent metal ingot in the parent metal chamber into a first induction heating crucible which is reset, and heating and melting the parent metal ingot in the crucible; when the second crucible is returned, the first crucible is inclined, molten steel flows into the electroslag furnace crystallizer through the funnel, and then the crucible is returned; simultaneously, placing the base metal ingot in the base metal chamber in a second induction heating crucible which is in alignment, and heating and melting the base metal ingot in the crucible; when the first crucible is returned, the second crucible is inclined, molten steel flows into the electroslag furnace crystallizer through the funnel, and then the crucible is returned;
And (3) repeating the step to obtain the extra-large electroslag ingot.
The invention puts the base metal ingot into the base metal chamber at the upper part of the first crucible, after vacuumizing the base metal chamber, opens the sealing plate at the bottom of the base metal chamber, puts the base metal ingot in the base metal chamber into the first induction heating crucible, as objective condition, a small amount of molten steel can remain in the crucible, fills the gap between the base metal ingot and the crucible, and carries out induction heating melting on the base metal ingot. Tilting the second crucible while aligning the first crucible, wherein molten steel continuously slowly flows into the electroslag furnace crystallizer, and aligning again; and simultaneously, placing the base metal ingot into a base metal chamber at the upper part of the second crucible, vacuumizing the base metal chamber, opening a sealing plate at the bottom of the base metal chamber, placing the base metal ingot in the base metal chamber into the second induction heating crucible, wherein a small amount of residual molten steel fills a gap between the base metal ingot and the crucible, and then performing induction heating melting on the base metal ingot. And when the second crucible is aligned, the first crucible is inclined to continuously cast molten steel into the electroslag furnace crystallizer, so that continuous casting of molten steel into the electroslag furnace crystallizer is ensured all the time. The two base metal chambers periodically and respectively provide base metal steel ingots for the two crucibles, the two crucibles periodically melt the base metal steel ingots, periodically and alternately provide continuous and stable molten steel for the electroslag furnace crystallizer in turn, ensure continuous and stable molten steel in the electroslag furnace crystallizer, periodically start, solidify into electroslag ingots under the cooling of the crystallizer, and carry out ingot drawing on the electroslag ingots, the solidification rate of the molten steel in the electroslag furnace crystallizer is matched with the casting rate of the molten steel in the crucible, and realize the stability of the position of the slag liquid level in an ingot drawing mode of the electroslag ingots, so as to finally obtain extra-large electroslag ingots.
According to the technical scheme, the base metal chamber periodically and alternately provides the base metal steel ingot for the crucible, the crucible periodically and alternately melts the base metal steel ingot, and periodically and alternately provides continuous and stable molten steel for the electroslag furnace crystallizer, so that continuous and stable molten steel in the electroslag furnace crystallizer is ensured, and the extra-large electroslag ingot is obtained under the cooling of the crystallizer.
Furthermore, the base metal ingot is periodically put into the base metal chamber, the two crucibles periodically melt the base metal ingot into molten steel, and continuously and stably molten steel is provided in the electroslag furnace in a periodic and orderly alternating manner. The funnel-shaped diversion trenches are arranged below the two crucibles, molten steel enters the ceramic network below after passing through the funnel-shaped diversion trenches, after passing through the ceramic network and the area of the device for crushing molten steel by electromagnetic stirring, tiny dispersed metal droplets are formed, pass through a liquid slag pool in the crystallizer, and finally solidify into electroslag ingots under the cooling of the crystallizer. And controlling the flow rate of molten steel through the inclination of the crucible in the smelting process.
In order to reduce the center segregation of the electroslag ingot, the larger the diameter of the base metal ingot is, the more beneficial to reducing the center segregation of the electroslag ingot under the condition of ensuring a certain safety clearance with a crystallizer: for example, for electroslag ingots with the diameter of more than 180 cm, the diameter of a base metal ingot is required to be more than 150 cm, but the current technology almost cannot prepare base metal ingots with the diameter of more than 150 cm, and no base metal ingot with the diameter of more than 120 cm and the weight of more than 50 tons is found in production and literature at present; when a small-diameter base metal ingot is adopted, the center segregation of the oversized electroslag ingot is serious, and finally the product performance of the forging material is reduced. In the prior art, there is no ladle or steelmaking furnace capable of melting a whole steel ingot with a weight of more than 50 tons. The existing electroslag remelting production process for exchanging the base metal ingot by using the conventional double support arms is used for preparing an extra-large steel ingot, but the crystallizer is contacted with air in the exchange period, so that the phenomena of oxide skin and slag hydrogen absorption occur on the surface of the base metal ingot, the phenomena of oxygenation and hydrogen increase of the electroslag ingot are caused, and an ultra-clean electroslag ingot cannot be obtained; and the current is interrupted, so that the electroslag ingot at the position is easy to have defects of slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity and the like, and the homogenization of the electroslag ingot in the time period of exchanging the base metal steel ingot cannot be ensured. The invention solves the problems existing in the prior art but not solved, and has the following beneficial effects:
1. The invention obtains ultra-clean, homogenized, low-segregation and ultra-large electroslag ingot; the continuous and stable molten steel is provided for the electroslag furnace crystallizer by adopting a steelmaking mode that a plurality of crucibles in a base metal chamber and a vacuum smelting chamber periodically provide the molten steel and the electroslag furnace crystallizer to obtain the continuous and stable molten steel and the electroslag furnace crystallizer is cooled and solidified into electroslag ingots, and the continuous and stable molten steel is provided for the electroslag furnace crystallizer and is always under vacuum protection and isolated from air, thereby realizing vacuum degassing and ultra-clean smelting of the molten steel.
2. The invention has low size requirement on the diameter of the base metal ingot: the traditional electroslag furnace requires that the larger the diameter is, the more favorable the center segregation of the electroslag ingot is reduced under the condition that a certain safety gap exists between the diameter of the base metal ingot and the crystallizer; the preparation difficulty of the base metal ingot with a large section is extremely high, the cost is extremely high, the shrinkage cavity in the center of the ingot is serious, and according to the prior art, the base metal ingot with the diameter of more than 1.2 meters and more than 50 tons can not be prepared. According to the invention, the base metal ingot is placed into the induction heating crucible, the gap between the base metal ingot and the crucible is filled by adopting the steel retaining operation, and the induction heating melting of the base metal ingot with different specifications can be realized by adjusting the steel retaining amount, so that the requirement of the diameter of the base metal ingot can be remarkably reduced by only needing a commercially available continuous casting billet smaller than the inner diameter of the induction heating crucible.
3. The invention realizes the closed loop of directly producing electroslag ingots by high-quality scrap steel: when the steel products are scrapped, customers can directly put high-quality scrap steel into a plurality of induction heating crucibles in a vacuum melting chamber to be melted into molten steel, continuous and stable molten steel is provided for an electroslag furnace crystallizer, and the molten steel is cooled and solidified into high-quality electroslag ingots, so that a production closed loop of high-quality scrap steel remelting, high-quality electroslag ingot preparation, hot processing, heat treatment, high-quality forging product scrapping and high-quality forging scrap steel remelting and melting is formed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a melting apparatus for clean homogenized oversized steel ingot according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a motor coupled to an induction heating crucible;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a seal plate installation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a usage state of the embodiment;
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate: a base material chamber 1, a left base material chamber 11, a right base material chamber 12, a base material lifting rod 13, a base material gripper 14, a base material steel ingot 15, a vacuum valve 16, a vacuum valve 17, a vacuum smelting chamber 2, a left induction heating crucible 21, a crucible rotating motor 211, a right induction heating crucible 22, a funnel diversion trench 23, a vacuum valve 24, molten steel 25, a movable sealing plate 26, a sealing plate handle 261, a supporting roller 262, a rope 263, a rotating wheel 264, an electroslag furnace 3, a vacuum pump 4, an upper conductive crystallization part 31, a lower water-cooling crystallization part 32, a slag charging port, an insulating plate 34, an ingot drawing bottom water tank 35, a liquid level detection sensor 36, a ceramic net 37, an electromagnetic stirring device 38, slag 5, a molten metal pool 6 and an electroslag ingot 7;
fig. 5 is a grain morphology of an electroslag ingot forging of application example one.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it. The specific components and the specific connection method of the components are the conventional methods, such as installation and control of an induction heating crucible, installation and control of a vacuum valve, installation and control of a parent metal grabber and the like, and the specific electroslag remelting process is also a conventional technology; the ceramic net and the electromagnetic stirring device are existing products, and can be used for electromagnetic stirring of molten steel; the positional relationship of the invention is the positional relationship in actual production. When the prior art is used for preparing extra-large steel ingots (more than 100 tons) through electroslag remelting, due to the limitation of base metal ingots, only one base metal can be replaced after being melted, and the other base metal can be replaced, so that the problems of air contact, power failure and the like exist, and the performance of the extra-large steel ingots are greatly influenced.
The invention discloses a smelting device and a using method of a clean and homogenized extra-large steel ingot composed of a base metal chamber, a vacuum smelting chamber and an electroslag furnace, wherein a plurality of induction heating crucibles are arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber, so that the production of the ultra-clean and homogenized extra-large electroslag ingot can be realized, and the azimuth relation is that the base metal chamber is positioned right above the vacuum smelting chamber, and the vacuum smelting chamber is positioned right above the electroslag furnace. A plurality of induction heating crucibles are arranged in the vacuum melting chamber, the crucibles can be placed side by side at the same height, and the rate of molten steel flowing into the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace is controlled through the inclination angle of the crucibles. The device and the process enable ultra-clean, continuous and stable molten steel to be obtained in the electroslag furnace crystallizer, and simultaneously adopt an alternating current power supply, an upper conductive crystallization part, liquid slag, a metal molten pool, an electroslag ingot, a bottom water tank, a high-voltage electric brake and an alternating current power supply to enable the metal molten pool in the electroslag furnace to be in a shallow flat shape, thereby being beneficial to reducing center segregation of the electroslag ingot and achieving the purposes of obtaining the ultra-clean, homogenized, low segregated and oversized electroslag ingot. The operation of reserving molten steel is adopted when the induction heating crucible in the vacuum melting chamber is tapped each time, so that after the base metal ingot in the base metal chamber is filled into the upper induction heating crucible, the reserved molten steel can fill the gap between the base metal ingot and the crucible, and the efficient operation of an induction coil and the rapid melting of the base metal ingot are ensured. The specific operation of retaining molten steel is a conventional technology, and the amount of the retained molten steel is not particularly limited, so that the condition that the molten steel continuously flows into a crystallizer and the parent metal does not overflow when molten is realized can be satisfied. When the induction heating crucible in the vacuum melting chamber melts the base metal ingot for the first time, broken steel scraps of the same material as the base metal ingot are filled into the gap between the crucible and the base metal ingot, so that induction heating and melting of the base metal ingot in the crucible are promoted. The rate v (kg/h) =d×the inner diameter (mm) of the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace, wherein D is 0.7-0.8; the temperature of molten steel poured into the electroslag furnace crystallizer is 1600-1630 ℃; the total mass m (kilogram) of slag in the electroslag furnace crystallizer is C multiplied by the inner diameter of the crystallizer (cm), wherein C is 0.03-0.04.
In the prior art, an electroslag remelting mode for exchanging a base metal ingot is adopted, and the problems of current interruption of an electroslag furnace, change of atmosphere in a crystallizer of the electroslag furnace and slag inclusion during the exchange of the base metal ingot are always existed during the exchange of the base metal ingot. The novel device and the steelmaking method which are composed of the base metal chamber, the vacuum melting chamber and the electroslag furnace are developed by the invention, the ultra-clean, homogenized, low-segregation and ultra-large electroslag ingot is obtained, and the requirement of important engineering in China is met.
Example 1
In the embodiment, a steelmaking device with a vacuum melting chamber with a base metal chamber and an electroslag furnace is adopted, as shown in fig. 1-3, the smelting device for clean homogenizing oversized steel ingot comprises the base metal chamber 1, the vacuum melting chamber 2 and the electroslag furnace 3 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the base metal chamber is a left base metal chamber 11 and a right base metal chamber 12; the same components are labeled only in one place and do not affect the understanding of those skilled in the art;
The left and right base material chambers are respectively provided with a base material lifting rod 13 and a base material grabber 14, and are conventionally provided with chamber doors for transporting the base material, and the base material lifting rods and the base material grabbers are used for grabbing and lifting the base material steel ingot 15; the side walls of the left parent material chamber and the right parent material chamber are respectively provided with vacuum valves 16 and 17, and then a vacuum pump can respectively vacuumize the parent material chambers;
the vacuum melting chamber is provided with a left induction heating crucible 21, a right induction heating crucible 22 and a funnel diversion trench 23, which correspond to the left parent metal chamber and the right parent metal chamber respectively, the two crucibles are respectively arranged on the rotating shaft of a motor, so that molten steel can be poured, the left induction heating crucible 21 is taken as an example in fig. 2, and is arranged on the rotating shaft of a motor 211, and the motor and the installation and control of the motor are conventional technologies; the funnel diversion trench is positioned below the two crucibles and is used for receiving molten steel of the two crucibles and diversion the molten steel into the crystallizer; the side wall of the vacuum smelting chamber is provided with a vacuum valve 24, and then the vacuum pump can vacuumize the smelting chamber;
The electroslag furnace comprises an upper conductive crystallization part 31 and a lower water-cooling crystallization part 32, the upper conductive crystallization part and the lower water-cooling crystallization part are matched to form a crystallizer, a liquid slag inlet 33 is arranged at the outer side of an opening, an insulating plate 34 is arranged between the upper conductive crystallization part and the lower water-cooling crystallization part, the upper conductive crystallization part forms a power supply loop and heats the liquid slag, the lower water-cooling crystallization part is an electroslag ingot forming function, a steel and copper combined structure can be adopted, the lower water-cooling crystallization part is arranged on a mounting platform, an ingot drawing type bottom water tank 35 is arranged below the mounting platform, an alternating current power supply and a high-voltage electric brake are also arranged between the ingot drawing type bottom water tank and the upper conductive crystallization part, and when the high-voltage electric brake is closed, a power supply loop of the alternating current power supply-the upper conductive crystallization part-the molten slag-metal molten pool-the electroslag ingot-bottom water tank-the high-alternating current power supply is formed, so that the purpose of heating and heat preservation of the slag is achieved; the electroslag furnace is provided with a liquid level detection sensor 36, and a reasonable ingot drawing mode is determined by accurately detecting the liquid level position of molten steel in the crystallizer so as to ensure the stability of the liquid level position of slag; the above is the conventional structure and control of the electroslag furnace.
Further, a ceramic net 37 is arranged at the opening of the crystallizer, and an electromagnetic stirring device 38 is arranged at the outer side of the crystallizer.
The base metal chamber, the vacuum smelting chamber and the electroslag furnace are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the bottom of the parent metal chamber is communicated with the vacuum melting chamber, and a movable sealing plate 26 is arranged at the communication position; the top of the conductive crystallizer is communicated with the bottom of the vacuum smelting chamber in a sealing way; the induction heating crucibles, the funnel diversion trenches and the conductive crystallizer are arranged up and down in sequence, the induction heating crucibles are positioned right below the base material grabber, and the two induction heating crucibles can respectively pour molten steel into the funnel diversion trenches; a ceramic net is arranged at the opening of the conductive crystallizer; an electromagnetic stirring device is arranged outside the opening of the conductive crystallizer. The movable sealing plate arranged at the communication position of the bottom of the base material chamber and the vacuum melting chamber is opened and closed to realize the communication or isolation between the bottom of the base material chamber and the vacuum melting chamber, the installation and the use of the movable sealing plate are conventional technologies, only the effect of the invention is realized, as shown in fig. 3, one end of the sealing plate is arranged on a wall body at the communication position through a hinge, the other end of the sealing plate is provided with a handle 261, sealing strips are arranged on the periphery, when the sealing is needed, the sealing plate can be fixed at the communication position by using the friction force of the handle to pull up the sealing plate, and when the sealing plate needs to be opened, the sealing plate can be opened, particularly the conventional technologies, such as connecting the handle with one end of a rope 263, connecting one end of the sealing plate with a rotating wheel 264, and supporting rollers 262 are arranged in the middle of the sealing plate, so that the rope is folded and unfolded by rotating the rotating wheel, the sealing plate is controlled to be opened or closed by rotating the rotating wheel to be the conventional technology, and the sealing plate can be realized by a motor. The base material chamber is communicated with the vacuum melting chamber when the sealing plate is opened, the whole vacuum environment is formed by separating the base material chamber from the vacuum melting chamber when the sealing plate is closed, the vacuum melting chamber is a vacuum environment, the specific connecting structure of the movable sealing plate is a conventional technology, and other modes can be adopted in the existing production as long as the sealing plate can be opened and closed.
The method comprises the steps that a base metal steel ingot is placed in a left induction heating crucible by utilizing a base metal lifting rod, the left induction heating crucible heats and melts the base metal steel ingot into molten steel through an external induction coil, a motor is started, a rotating shaft drives the crucible to rotate, so that the molten steel is uniformly poured into a lower funnel-shaped diversion trench, the casting speed of the molten steel is adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the crucible, the molten steel is dispersed into a plurality of metal droplets after passing through the diversion trench and a ceramic net and is crushed into dispersed metal droplets by an electromagnetic stirring device, the droplets pass through a liquid slag pool to form a metal molten pool, and the metal molten pool is solidified into an electroslag ingot under the cooperative cooling of an upper conductive crystallization part and a lower water-cooling crystallization part; after the pouring of the molten steel in the left crucible is completed, the molten steel in the right crucible is poured again, and the whole process is safe, reliable and excellent in controllability.
The invention adopts an induction heating crucible to melt the parent metal ingot, shortens the high-end special steel smelting process into a left parent metal chamber-a left induction heating crucible-a right parent metal chamber-a right induction heating crucible, and orderly and periodically alternately melts the parent metal ingot and casts molten steel-an electroslag furnace production line; the conventional vacuum pump 4 is utilized to vacuumize through the vacuum valves 16, 17 and 24 simultaneously or respectively, the whole process is isolated from air, and the secondary oxidation of molten steel and the vacuum degassing treatment of the molten steel can be avoided; in the electroslag furnace, molten steel is chemically refined again, and simultaneously a metal molten pool is shallow and flat in a heat conduction mode from top to bottom, so that good crystallization structure of the electroslag ingot is facilitated, and center segregation is reduced. Realizing ultra-clean, homogenized, low-segregation and oversized electroslag ingot production. In addition, the size of the base metal ingot in the device is only smaller than the inner diameter of the crucible, the preparation of the base metal ingot is extremely simple, and a common continuous casting billet is adopted; the height requirement of the factory building can be reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the working procedure is simpler.
Application example one
Referring to fig. 4, a commercially available stainless steel continuous casting blank with the diameter of 0.5 m and the length of 1.3 m is adopted as a base metal steel ingot 15, and the consumption of the base metal steel ingot is 50; the inner diameter of a crystallizer of the electroslag furnace is 180cm, and the solidification rate of molten steel in the electroslag furnace is controlled to be 1320+/-15 kg/h; the liquid slag comprises fluorite: lime: alumina: silica=50:21:21:8, mass ratio, total mass of liquid slag 1000kg; the temperature of the induction heating crucible is 1600 ℃ when molten steel is poured; the two induction heating crucibles have the same structure, the inner diameter is 0.6 meter, and the height is 1.3 meters; the crucible has a weighing function, which is common knowledge.
After an ingot drawing bottom water tank in an electroslag furnace is sealed with a crystallizer, liquid slag is added into the crystallizer through a slag adding port, and a power supply loop of an alternating current power supply, an upper conductive crystallization part, the liquid slag, the bottom water tank, a high-voltage electric brake and the alternating current power supply is started, so that the purpose of heating and heat preservation of the liquid slag 5 is achieved.
Placing two parent metal steel ingots in a left induction heating crucible and a right induction heating crucible respectively, filling gaps between the crucible and the parent metal steel ingots by adopting stainless steel scraps of the same material, vacuumizing the two parent metal chambers and a vacuum smelting chamber, and sequentially melting the parent metal steel ingots in the induction heating crucible into molten steel 25, wherein the weight of the molten steel is about 2.5 tons; pouring the left crucible, enabling molten steel to flow into a diversion trench, crushing the molten steel into dispersed fine metal droplets through a ceramic net and an electromagnetic stirring device, and finally enabling the dispersed fine metal droplets to pass through a slag bath to reach a metal molten pool 6, and solidifying the molten steel into an electroslag ingot 7 under the cooling of an upper conductive crystallization part and a lower water-cooling crystallization part; in the casting process of the left crucible, closing the sealing plate, putting a third parent metal ingot into the left parent metal chamber, and opening the vacuum valve to vacuumize;
when the electroslag furnace steelmaking is carried out for about 1.5 hours, the molten steel in the left crucible is left for about 0.5 ton, the crucible is corrected, meanwhile, the right crucible is poured, the molten steel flows into the diversion trench, and finally enters the electroslag furnace crystallizer to be solidified into an electroslag ingot; after the crucible at the left side is aligned, a sealing plate of a base metal chamber is opened, a base metal ingot is placed into the induction heating crucible at the left side through a base metal lifting rod and a base metal grabber, the gap between the base metal ingot and the crucible is filled with residual molten steel, the heating efficiency of an induction coil is improved, and the base metal ingot is heated and melted into molten steel within 1.5 hours by a heating coil; the subsequent singular parent metal is operated in this way;
when the electroslag furnace steelmaking is carried out for about 3 hours, the molten steel in the crucible on the right side is left for about 0.5 ton, the crucible is corrected, meanwhile, the crucible on the left side is poured, the molten steel flows into a diversion trench, and finally enters an electroslag furnace crystallizer to be solidified into an electroslag ingot; after the right crucible is aligned, placing a fourth parent metal ingot into the right crucible through the right parent metal chamber, and melting into molten steel within 1.5 hours; subsequent double parent metals are operated in this way;
Periodically placing a base metal steel ingot and a molten base metal steel ingot into 2 tons of molten steel in a 1.5-hour period through a left base metal chamber and a crucible, and continuously heating and melting the base metal steel ingot through a left induction heating crucible and a right induction heating crucible, and casting the molten steel at a constant rate alternately in turn to ensure that continuous and stable molten steel is provided at a tapping rate of 1320+/-15 kg/hour all the time, and casting the molten steel into a crystallizer of an electroslag furnace 3 after passing through a diversion trench 23 and a ceramic net 37, so that electroslag remelting is continuously carried out; the solidification rate of the electroslag ingot of the electroslag furnace is matched with the pouring rate of molten steel, thereby realizing the effect of continuously conveying the molten steel into a crystallizer of the electroslag furnace and finally producing 100 tons of extra-large electroslag ingot with the diameter of 180 cm and the height of 5 meters. Specifically, a liquid level detection sensor detects the liquid level in real time, and an ingot drawing bottom water tank drives a formed electroslag ingot to move downwards so as to achieve the ingot drawing purpose, wherein a metal molten pool is formed at the interface between the top of the electroslag ingot and a liquid slag pool; the formed power supply loop enables the slag to be in a high-temperature melting state, and the principle of ensuring the constant position of the slag liquid level in the crystallizer is adopted according to a liquid level detection signal during ingot drawing, so that the ingot drawing can be automatically regulated by a PLC, and the conventional technology is adopted.
Sampling the 100 tons of electroslag ingots produced by forging and heat treatment to obtain steel with the oxygen content of 0.001% and the hydrogen content of less than 0.0001%; the A, B, C, D four types of inclusion grades of the 100-ton electroslag ingot are shown in table 1; after grinding and polishing the sample, and electrolytic etching by a nitric acid solution, grading the grain size according to ASTM E112-13 (2021) by adopting a comparison method, wherein the grain size grade of the sample is 8.5 grade, as shown in FIG. 5; the room temperature tensile strength of the final finished product is 630MPa; the sample was processed into an impact specimen having a thickness of 25mm, a width of 50mm and an initial crack length of 26.5 mm in accordance with JIS Z2284-1998, and the impact specimen was subjected to an impact under a liquid helium (4.2K) atmosphere, and the impact power was measured to be 115J; the corrosion current of the test sample is 2.40 multiplied by 10 -7 A/cm2, and the lower the corrosion current value is, the better the corrosion resistance of the test sample is.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The increase of the number of the induction heating crucibles and the charging bins, the participation of the molten steel in the conduction of a power supply loop and the replacement or transformation of the rotary diversion molten steel of the ceramic net, which are made by the technical personnel on the basis of the invention, are all within the protection scope of the invention.
Comparative example one
In the prior art, when a double-support arm electroslag furnace is adopted to exchange a base metal ingot to produce a large-size electroslag ingot, the section diameter of the base metal ingot is required to be very large, for example, when an oversized electroslag ingot with the section diameter of 1.8 meters is produced, the section diameter of the base metal ingot is required to be more than 1.4 meters, so that the depth of a metal molten pool can be improved, the center segregation of the electroslag ingot can be reduced, and the production of the base metal ingot with the section diameter of 1.4 meters is extremely difficult. The center segregation of the electroslag ingot is seriously deteriorated by adopting a base metal ingot with a smaller section diameter. The die ingot with small sectional area needs to be used after forging and upsetting, which easily causes the phenomenon of forging and upsetting cracking of steel ingots, the yield is extremely low, and meanwhile, the sectional diameter after forging and upsetting can not meet the size requirement of a base metal steel ingot required for producing an oversized electroslag ingot, and a large-tonnage forging machine on the market is extremely rare. In addition, when the double-support arm electroslag furnace exchanges the time period of the mother metal ingot, the electroslag furnace is in a current interruption state, slag inclusion and air holes are easy to cause, the performance of the electroslag ingot at the position is certainly reduced, and homogenization of the electroslag ingot cannot be realized; meanwhile, the electroslag furnace crystallizer is in air atmosphere in the time period of the base metal ingot, and is easily influenced by oxygen and water vapor in the air, so that the electroslag ingot is oxygenated and hydrogen is increased, and the product performance of the electroslag ingot is deteriorated. The device alternately melts the small-diameter base metal steel ingot into molten steel through the plurality of induction heating crucibles, the molten steel is alternately poured into the electroslag furnace crystallizer, and only the small-diameter base metal steel ingot is needed, so that the defect of using the large-diameter base metal steel ingot is avoided, the serious center segregation problem of the electroslag ingot when the diameter difference between the base metal steel ingot and the electroslag ingot is too large is avoided, the whole electroslag remelting process is carried out in vacuum without interruption, and the problem that the prior art always wants to solve the problem that the vacuum breaking and interruption cannot be solved is solved.
As shown in CN202671630U (which is or is similar to the device with good application effect in the existing production), a double-arm electroslag furnace is used to exchange the base metal ingot to produce an oversized electroslag ingot. And producing 8 stainless steel die ingots with the section diameter of 72 cm and the length of 6m by adopting conventional steelmaking-refining-die casting, forging and upsetting, and scrapping 2 die ingots due to forging upsetting and cracking, so as to finally obtain 5 parent metal steel ingots with the section diameter of 100 cm and the length of 3.2 m. The inner diameter of a crystallizer of the electroslag furnace is 180cm, and the solidification rate of molten steel in the electroslag furnace is controlled to be 1320+/-15 kg/h; the premelting slag comprises fluorite: lime: alumina: silica=50:21:21:8, total mass 1000kg; the electroslag furnace support arm has a weighing function and is used for determining the smelting rate of electroslag remelting.
By adopting the conventional technology, the double-support arm atmosphere protection electroslag furnace alternately smelts 5 parent metal steel ingots under the action of the double support arms, and finally 100 ton electroslag ingots with the diameter of 1.8 meters and the height of more than 5 meters are produced. In the electroslag remelting process, the double support arms open the atmosphere protection cover when the base metal ingot is exchanged, so that the base metal ingot is exchanged, and a large amount of air enters the crystallizer in the time period of the base metal ingot exchange, thereby causing oxygenation and hydrogenation of the electroslag ingot; in addition, the difference between the diameter of the base metal ingot and the diameter of the electroslag ingot is too large, and the filling ratio is smaller than the normal electroslag furnace parameter requirement, so that the center segregation is serious.
The 100 tons of electroslag ingots produced are sampled after being forged and heat treated, and the oxygen content in the steel is 0.0045 percent and the hydrogen content is 0.0007 percent; the A, B, C, D four types of inclusion grades of the 100-ton electroslag ingot are shown in table 2; after grinding and polishing the sample, carrying out electrolytic corrosion by a nitric acid solution, grading the grain size according to ASTM E112-13 (2021) by adopting a comparison method, wherein the grain size grade of the sample is grade 6; the room temperature tensile strength of the final finished product is 400MPa; the sample was processed into an impact specimen having a thickness of 25mm, a width of 50mm and an initial crack length of 26.5 mm in accordance with JIS Z2284-1998, and the impact specimen was subjected to an impact under a liquid helium (4.2K) atmosphere, and the impact energy was measured to be 72J; the corrosion current of the test specimen was measured to be 1.37×10 -7 A/cm2, and the corrosion current value was significantly lower than that of the test specimen in application example one. In conclusion, the inclusion content, grain size grade, tensile strength, impact energy and corrosion resistance of the test sample in comparative application example one are obviously inferior to those of the test sample in application example one.
Example two
On the basis of the first application embodiment, the ceramic net and the electromagnetic stirring device are removed, and the rest is unchanged. Carrying out the same electroslag remelting on stainless steel, forging and heat-treating 100 tons of finally produced electroslag ingots, and sampling to obtain steel with the oxygen content of 0.0020% and the hydrogen content of 0.0002%; the A, B, C, D four types of inclusions of the 100-ton electroslag ingot are shown in table 3; after grinding and polishing the sample, carrying out electrolytic corrosion by a nitric acid solution, grading the grain size according to ASTM E112-13 (2021) by adopting a comparison method, wherein the grain size grade of the sample is 7.5; the room temperature tensile strength of the final finished product is 580MPa; the sample was processed into an impact specimen having a thickness of 25mm, a width of 50mm and an initial crack length of 26.5 mm in accordance with JIS Z2284-1998, and the impact specimen was subjected to an impact under a liquid helium (4.2K) atmosphere, and the impact power was measured to be 105J; the corrosion current of the test specimen was measured to be 2.25×10 -7 A/cm2.
The inclusion content, grain size grade, tensile strength, impact energy and corrosion resistance of the samples in the second example are slightly worse than those of the samples in the first example, but are obviously better than the performance indexes of the samples in the comparative example.
In the prior art, no matter consumable electrode type electroslag remelting or refined molten steel type electroslag remelting, the raw materials are required to be replaced in the remelting process, even if the raw materials are short, the problems of air contact, power failure and the like are caused, the performance of the oversized steel ingot is greatly influenced, the problem that the prior art cannot solve all the time is solved, a melting device of a clean homogenized oversized steel ingot consisting of a base metal chamber, a vacuum melting chamber and an electroslag furnace is creatively provided, the continuous electroslag remelting and the vacuum environment are kept, and the oversized steel ingot of more than 50 tons and even more than 150 tons can be prepared. The device can produce steel ingots with the diameter of 120-220 cm, the height of 400-800 cm and the weight of 50-250 tons. In addition, the method has the advantages of small occupied area of a workshop, low height requirement of a workshop, low production and investment cost, excellent product quality, capability of directly smelting and cooling high-quality scrap pieces into electroslag ingots, formation of a production closed loop for recycling high-quality scrap steel and the like.
Claims (10)
1. The smelting device for the clean homogenized oversized steel ingot is characterized by comprising n base metal chambers, a vacuum smelting chamber and an electroslag furnace; a base material lifting rod and a base material grabber are arranged in the base material chamber, and a base material chamber vacuum valve is arranged on the side wall of the base material chamber; n induction heating crucibles and a funnel diversion trench are arranged in the vacuum melting chamber, and a vacuum valve of the vacuum melting chamber is arranged on the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber; the electroslag furnace comprises a conductive crystallizer; the base material chamber is communicated with the vacuum smelting chamber, and a movable sealing plate is arranged at the communication part; the induction heating crucible, the funnel diversion trench and the conductive crystallizer are arranged up and down in sequence; n is more than or equal to 2; the top of the conductive crystallizer is communicated with the bottom of the vacuum smelting chamber in a sealing way, so that the whole smelting device is communicated, and after vacuumizing, the inside of the smelting device is in a vacuum environment; a sealing plate is arranged at the communication part between the bottom of the base material chamber and the vacuum melting chamber to separate the base material chamber from the vacuum melting chamber, and when the base material chamber is not in vacuum, the vacuum melting chamber is not affected by the blocking of the sealing plate, and the vacuum is still maintained; the base metal chamber periodically and alternately provides base metal steel ingots for the crucible, the crucible periodically and alternately melts the base metal steel ingots, and periodically and alternately provides continuous and stable molten steel for the electroslag furnace crystallizer, so that continuous and stable molten steel is ensured in the electroslag furnace crystallizer; the oversized steel ingot is a steel ingot with the diameter of more than 120 cm, the height of more than 400 cm and the weight of more than 50 tons.
2. The melting apparatus for clean homogenized oversized steel ingot according to claim 1, wherein the base metal chamber, the vacuum melting chamber, and the electroslag furnace are arranged in this order from top to bottom; the bottom of the parent metal chamber is communicated with the vacuum melting chamber.
3. The melting apparatus for clean homogenized oversized steel ingot of claim 1, wherein the induction heating crucible is located directly below the parent metal grabber; a ceramic net is arranged at the opening of the conductive crystallizer; an electromagnetic stirring device is arranged outside the opening of the conductive crystallizer.
4. The apparatus for melting a clean homogenized oversized ingot in accordance with claim 1, wherein the n induction heated crucibles are adapted to tilt molten steel into the funnel diversion trench, respectively.
5. A melting apparatus for clean homogenized oversized steel ingot in accordance with claim 4, wherein n induction heating crucibles are arranged side by side.
6. Use of a melting plant for clean homogenized oversized steel ingot according to claim 1 for the preparation of clean homogenized oversized steel ingot.
7. A method for preparing a clean homogenized oversized ingot using the smelting apparatus for a clean homogenized oversized ingot of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) Filling a base metal ingot into each induction heating crucible in the vacuum melting chamber through the base metal chamber, vacuumizing the base metal chamber and the vacuum melting chamber, and then performing induction heating and melting on the base metal in each induction heating crucible to change the base metal into molten steel;
(2) Tilting the first induction heating crucible, allowing molten steel to flow into the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace through a funnel diversion trench, and then aligning the first induction heating crucible; simultaneously tilting the second induction heating crucible, allowing molten steel to flow into the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace through a funnel diversion trench, and then aligning the second induction heating crucible; sequentially carrying out the same operation on the subsequent induction heating crucible;
(3) Closing the sealing plate, putting the first parent metal ingot into a parent metal chamber, vacuumizing the parent metal chamber, opening the sealing plate, putting the parent metal in the parent metal chamber into a first corrected induction heating crucible, and heating and melting the parent metal ingot in the crucible; when the second induction heating crucible is returned, the first induction heating crucible is inclined, molten steel flows into the electroslag furnace crystallizer, and meanwhile, the base metal in the second base metal chamber is placed in the returned second induction heating crucible, and the base metal ingot in the crucible is heated and melted; sequentially carrying out the same operation on the subsequent induction heating crucible;
And (3) repeating the step to obtain the clean homogenized oversized steel ingot.
8. The method for producing a clean homogenized oversized steel ingot according to claim 7, wherein the molten steel continuously flows into the electroslag furnace crystallizer from the funnel diversion trench through a ceramic mesh, electromagnetic stirring treatment.
9. A clean homogenized oversized steel ingot prepared by the method of preparing a clean homogenized oversized steel ingot of claim 7.
10. Use of a clean homogenized oversized steel ingot according to claim 9 for the production of oversized steel.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112899438B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-03-01 | 东北大学 | Method for duplex smelting of high-nitrogen steel by pressurized ladle refining and pressurized electroslag remelting |
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| US5325906A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1994-07-05 | General Electric Company | Direct processing of electroslag refined metal |
| EP0907756A1 (en) * | 1996-06-24 | 1999-04-14 | General Electric Company | Processing of electroslag refined metal |
| JP2007302954A (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-22 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for electrically remelting slag in vacuum and apparatus for electrically remelting slag in vacuum |
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| CN115786800A (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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