CN210856207U - Liquid metal refining plant and liquid metal smelting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid metal refining device and a liquid metal smelting system, which relate to the technical field of metallurgy. The liquid metal refining device comprises: a base; a support frame arranged above the base; the base and the support frame are connected by a turning mechanism, The overturning mechanism enables the support frame to be turned sideways in the opposite first and second directions; the furnace body arranged on the support frame is provided with a slag outlet and a steel outlet, and the height of the slag outlet is higher than that of the outlet. The height of the steel mouth, a drainage mechanism is installed on the furnace body, and the drainage mechanism is used to undertake the molten steel and guide the molten steel into the furnace body. The application can tap the steel from the primary furnace without ladle, and directly tap the steel into the refining furnace, thereby effectively reducing the temperature drop of molten steel; at the same time, the device can realize slag-free tapping, on the one hand, there is no more casting residue in the ladle. In order to improve the metal yield and molten steel quality, on the other hand, the refining slag can be reused to reduce the slag consumption and power consumption in the refining process.

Description

Liquid metal refining plant and liquid metal smelting system

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a liquid metal refining device and a liquid metal smelting system.

Background technique

The emergence of various refining technologies is to solve the specific problems required by utility model manufacturers, and at the same time, it is closely combined with the specific conditions of the plant, equipment, and processes. Although various out-of-furnace refining methods are different, each method strives to create the best thermodynamic and kinetic conditions to complete a certain refining task, so that the existing refining methods share common refining methods. place. So far, the out-of-furnace refining methods used are: slag washing, vacuum, stirring, spraying and heating. In addition, there is the filtration of continuous casting tundish. Today, various out-of-furnace refining methods are different combinations of these five refining methods, and one or several methods are used to form an out-of-furnace refining method, as shown in Figure 1. Slag washing: The most convenient refining method to obtain clean molten steel and to properly perform deoxidation, desulfurization and removal of inclusions. The pre-prepared synthetic slag (melted in a special slag furnace) is poured into the ladle, and the impact of the steel flow when the steel is discharged makes the molten steel and the synthetic slag fully mixed, so as to complete the refining such as deoxidation, desulfurization and removal of inclusions. Task. Vacuum: The molten steel is placed in a vacuum chamber, and the reaction moves in the direction of the gas phase due to the action of vacuum, so as to achieve the purpose of degassing, deoxidation, and decarburization. Vacuum is a widely used method in out-of-furnace refining. Stirring: Enlarging the reaction interface by stirring, accelerating the transfer process of the reacting substances, and increasing the reaction speed. The stirring methods include blowing stirring and electromagnetic stirring. Heating: An important means to adjust the temperature of molten steel, so that steelmaking and continuous casting can be better connected. Heating methods include arc heating and chemical heating. Blowing: A means of adding reactants into molten metal using gas as a carrier. The metallurgical function of injection depends on the type of refining agent, and it can accomplish refining tasks such as desulfurization, deoxidation, alloying and control of inclusion morphology to different degrees.

The current steelmaking plants generally adopt the production mode of primary furnace (converter or electric arc furnace) + LF furnace (ladle refining furnace) + (vacuum refining) + continuous casting machine (or die casting), and some steel plants are also equipped with Vacuum refining equipment such as VD (Vacuum Degassing refining method) or RH vacuum cycle degassing refining method. Among them, the main tasks of the LF furnace are alloying, desulfurization, removal of inclusions, heating of molten steel, and buffering the production rhythm. With the widespread adoption of out-of-furnace refining technology, the ladle is not only a container for transporting and casting molten steel, but also a slag reactor for out-of-furnace refining, which prolongs the residence time of molten steel in the ladle. Therefore, the primary furnace or LF furnace is required to use a higher tapping temperature for tapping. The temperature of the molten steel increases, the erosion of the ladle refractory material increases, and the heat loss of the ladle also increases. The temperature of molten steel in the continuous casting process has a great influence on the quality of the cast slab of the continuous casting machine. The temperature of molten steel is too high, which will reduce the thickness of the billet shell and cause uneven thickness, resulting in steel breakout or forced to reduce the pulling speed. The generation of various defects such as internal cracks. On the contrary, if the pouring temperature is too low, it will also cause the tundish nozzle to condense, so that a cold shell will be formed at the molten steel surface in the mold, and the surface quality of the slab will be deteriorated. It can be seen that the temperature control of molten steel is one of the important tasks of out-of-furnace refining.

In view of the large fluctuation of molten steel temperature in the production process, which affects the process temperature control, generally adopted strengthening ladle baking, improving ladle thermal turnover, optimizing ladle lining structure and composition, adding heat preservation agent during molten steel operation and pouring ladle capping and ladle Covering and other technologies are used throughout the process to reduce the temperature drop of molten steel.

After the molten steel is poured, the LF furnace refining top slag is poured into the slag tray together with the remaining steel from the ladle and transferred to the steel slag treatment plant for treatment. The treatment process mainly recovers the scrap steel, and the slag is used for other comprehensive utilization. The ladle top slag refined by LF has the characteristics of high basicity, low oxidation and low melting point, and at the same time, the temperature is relatively high, and the fluidity is good. The speed of slag formation can reduce the erosion of refractory materials, reduce power consumption, and at the same time, it can realize the recycling of the remaining steel in the ladle after pouring, and improve the metal yield.

Utility model content

The applicant found that the existing steel plants generally use the primary smelting furnace (converter or electric furnace) + LF furnace + (vacuum refining) method to smelt qualified molten steel, and the ladle as a part of the refining furnace, including LF furnace treatment and vacuum treatment are all in carried out in the ladle. After the smelting temperature and composition of the primary smelting furnace are qualified, the steel is tapped into the ladle and transported to the LF furnace station for refining treatment by a casting crane or a ladle truck. When the ladle reaches the processing position of the LF furnace, lower the furnace cover and electrodes, and perform power transmission and argon (nitrogen) stirring operations. Carry out sampling analysis and calculate the amount of alloy that needs to be added. When the temperature and composition are all qualified, use the casting crane to lift the ladle to the rotary table of the continuous casting machine for continuous casting operation or to vacuum treatment for vacuum treatment. The vacuum treatment can use RH, single-mouth refining furnace or VD (VOD) )Wait. In the process of vacuum refining, due to the circulating flow of the molten steel, the temperature of the molten steel drops significantly. In this process, the molten steel must be insulated. At the same time, considering the temperature drop after refining, the temperature of molten steel at the end of the initial smelting furnace and the LF furnace must be higher than the temperature required for continuous casting of molten steel.

Moreover, LF furnace refining mainly uses slag system with high basicity to improve the internal quality of molten steel. The main component of slag system is CaO in the proportion of 40%-50% by mass. At refining temperature, CaO and Al ₂ O in the ladle lining _3. The formation of low-melting substances such as C ₂ AS causes serious erosion of the ladle lining, and the eroded products enter the molten steel. Since the density is lighter than that of the molten steel, after a period of time, large particles will float to the surface of the molten steel, forming slag. When the refining is completed, the slag material added during the refining process is melted into slag floating on the surface of the molten steel. At the end of the continuous casting process, a vortex flow phenomenon will occur. In severe cases, a through-type suction vortex will be generated, and the top slag on the surface of the molten steel will be drawn into the tundish, and some broken slag particles will float up and be removed, while others remain in the steel to form inclusions.

Using the ladle as the refining furnace, the ladle refractory is easy to fall off, the larger particle size floats to the surface of the molten steel after soft blowing, and the smaller particle size forms inclusions in the molten steel, polluting the molten steel. Considering the waiting time of vacuum refining and continuous casting, the temperature of LF refining is generally increased, and the high temperature will further increase the erosion of the ladle refractory. After the smelting of the primary furnace is completed, the molten steel enters the ladle for refining. During the process of tapping, ladle reverse transportation and waiting, temperature drop will inevitably occur. In addition to heat preservation, the tapping temperature of the primary furnace must be increased. If the initial smelting temperature is too high, it will reduce the refractory life of the initial smelting furnace and the refractory life of the ladle. In the continuous casting process, in order to improve the metal yield as much as possible, it is always hoped that the molten steel enters the continuous casting machine as much as possible to reduce the amount of retained steel. Therefore, slag will inevitably occur, pollute the molten steel, and affect the continuous casting. quality of blanks. Excessive steel retention can reduce slag rolls and improve the quality of continuous casting slabs, but it will reduce the yield of molten steel. In order to reduce the amount of refining slag as much as possible in the ladle on the continuous casting machine, it is necessary to refine with less slag or even without slag, so as to reduce the slag entrainment in the continuous casting process.

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a liquid metal refining device and a liquid metal smelting system, which can tap steel without ladle from the initial smelting furnace, and directly tap steel to refining In the furnace, the temperature drop of molten steel can be effectively reduced; at the same time, slag-free tapping can be achieved. On the one hand, there is no more casting residue in the ladle to improve the metal yield and molten steel quality. Reduce slag consumption and electricity consumption in the refining process.

The specific technical scheme of the embodiment of the present utility model is:

A liquid metal refining device comprising:

base;

a support frame arranged above the base, the base and the support frame are connected by a turning mechanism, and the turning mechanism enables the support frame to be turned over in opposite first and second directions;

The furnace body arranged on the support frame, the furnace body is provided with a slag outlet on one side in the first direction, the furnace body is provided with a steel outlet on one side in the second direction, and the slag outlet is provided on one side of the furnace body. The height of the furnace is higher than the height of the tapping port, and a drainage mechanism is installed on the furnace body, and the drainage mechanism is used to receive molten steel and lead the molten steel into the furnace body;

The furnace cover can be lifted and lowered, and the furnace cover can be matched with the furnace body to seal the furnace body.

Preferably, the turning mechanism includes: a guide column, the upper end of the guide column is hingedly connected with the support frame; a first side turning control for controlling the turning of the support frame to one side of the first direction mechanism, the first side turning control mechanism includes:

A first base and a first support member fixedly arranged on the base, and the lower end of the first support member

is hingedly connected with the first base, and the upper end of the first support is used to abut the support frame

A frame; a retractable first hydraulic unit connected to the first support, the first hydraulic unit

When the unit is telescopic, the first support member can be rotated;

A second side inversion control mechanism for controlling the support frame to be inverted to one side in the second direction, the second side inversion control mechanism comprising:

A second base and a second support member fixedly arranged on the base, the lower end of the second support member is hingedly connected with the second base, and the upper end of the second support member is used to abut the A supporting frame; a telescopic second hydraulic unit connected to the second supporting member, the second hydraulic unit can make the first supporting member rotate when being telescopic.

Preferably, the first side inversion control mechanism further comprises:

A third base and a third support member are fixedly arranged on the base, the lower end of the third support member is hingedly connected with the third base, and the height of the upper end of the third support member is lower than the height of the third base The height of the upper end of the first support; a third hydraulic unit that can be telescopically connected to the third support, and the third hydraulic unit can make the third support rotate when it is stretched;

The second side turning control mechanism also includes:

A fourth base and a fourth support member are fixedly arranged on the base, the lower end of the fourth support member is hingedly connected with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth support member is lower than the height of the fourth base The height of the upper end of the second support; a fourth hydraulic unit that can be telescopically connected to the fourth support, and the fourth hydraulic unit can make the fourth support rotate when it is stretched.

Preferably, the liquid metal refining device further comprises: a vacuuming device; a furnace cover for sealing the furnace body, and the vacuuming device is connected with the furnace cover through a pipeline.

Preferably, the liquid metal refining device further comprises: an electrode mechanism, the electrode mechanism penetrates through the furnace cover, and the electrode mechanism is used for heating molten steel; a conductive cross-arm mechanism connected with the electrode mechanism , the conductive cross-arm mechanism is used to lift and lower the electrode.

Preferably, the bottom of the furnace body is eccentrically arranged with a protruding portion, and the tapping port is located at the protruding portion at the bottom of the furnace body.

Preferably, the slag outlet is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body.

Preferably, the liquid metal refining device further comprises: a powder spraying mechanism, the powder spraying mechanism is used for spraying powdery flux into the furnace body, the powder spraying mechanism is installed on the side wall of the furnace body; a dust removal mechanism , the dust removal mechanism is connected with the furnace cover, and the dust removal mechanism is used to purify the flue gas.

Preferably, the base can move in a sliding manner on the track.

Preferably, the liquid metal refining device further comprises: a furnace cover that can be lifted and lowered, and the furnace cover can be matched with the furnace body to seal the furnace body.

A liquid metal smelting system, the liquid metal smelting system comprising: a liquid metal refining device and a smelting device according to any one of the above;

The smelting device comprises: a furnace body of the smelting device, the bottom of the furnace body of the smelting device is provided with an opening that can be opened and closed;

There is a tapping state between the liquid metal refining device and the smelting device. In the tapping state: the drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is located below the smelting device, and the furnace body of the smelting device is in a tapping state. The opening is opened, so that the molten steel in the furnace body of the smelting device flows out of the opening and flows into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism.

The technical scheme of the present utility model has the following significant beneficial effects:

The liquid metal refining device in the present application can switch between different working positions through rails, and can directly perform refining operations on molten steel, thus replacing the traditional process concept of ladle containing molten steel for refining. At the same time, the turning mechanism enables the support frame to be turned sideways in opposite first and second directions, and the slag outlet on the side of the first direction is higher than the slag outlet on the side of the second direction The height of the tapping port, and the tapping port is arranged on the protruding part of the bottom of the lower furnace body, so as to ensure that the operation of the purpose of retaining steel and slag and the purpose of the slag-free tapping refining process can be achieved when the molten steel is tapped in the furnace body. The slag in the furnace body after refining can be reused, saving slag material and electric energy consumption.

With reference to the following description and drawings, specific embodiments of the invention are disclosed in detail, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that embodiments of the present invention are not thereby limited in scope. Embodiments of the invention include many changes, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Features described and/or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, in combination with, or instead of features in other embodiments .

Description of drawings

The drawings described herein are for explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportions of the components in the figures are only schematic and are used to help the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components of the present invention. Under the teaching of the present invention, those skilled in the art can select various possible shapes and proportions according to specific conditions to implement the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of various out-of-furnace refining methods;

2 is a front view of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application;

3 is a side view of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application;

4 is a front view of the first side inversion control mechanism of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application;

5 is a side view of the first side inversion control mechanism of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application;

6 is a schematic diagram of the liquid metal refining device being turned over to one side in the first direction in the embodiment of the application;

7 is a schematic diagram of the liquid metal refining device flipped to one side in the second direction in the embodiment of the application;

8 is a schematic diagram of the liquid metal refining device sliding under different working positions in the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a liquid metal smelting system in an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals for the above drawings:

1. Base; 2. Supporting frame; 3. Turning mechanism; 31. Guide column; 32. First side turning control mechanism; 321, First base; 322, First support member; 323, First hydraulic unit; 324 325, the third support; 326, the third hydraulic unit; 327, the first hydraulic cylinder unit; 33, the second side turning control mechanism; 331, the second hydraulic cylinder unit; 34, the hydraulic station; 4. Furnace body; 41. Slag outlet; 42. Steel outlet; 43. Protruding part; 5. Drainage mechanism; 6. Furnace cover; 7. Vacuuming device; 8. Electrode mechanism; 9. Conductive cross arm mechanism ; 10, transformer; 11, powder spraying mechanism; 13, track; 14, primary smelting furnace; 141, primary smelting furnace body; 142, opening; 15, liquid metal refining device.

Detailed ways

The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood with reference to the accompanying drawings and the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the teaching of the present invention, the skilled person can conceive any possible deformations based on the present invention, and these should be regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication between two components, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific situations. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for the purpose of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiment.

In order to be able to tap from the primary furnace without ladle and directly tap into the refining furnace, thereby effectively reducing the temperature drop of molten steel; at the same time, slag-free tapping can be achieved. The yield and molten steel quality, on the other hand, the refining slag can be reused to reduce the slag consumption and power consumption of the refining process. In this application, a liquid metal refining device is proposed, and FIG. 2 is the liquid metal in the embodiment of the application. The front view of the refining device, FIG. 3 is a side view of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the liquid metal refining device 15 may include: a base 1 ; a support frame disposed above the base 1 2. The base 1 and the support frame 2 are connected by an overturning mechanism 3, and the overturning mechanism 3 enables the support frame 2 to be turned over in opposite first and second directions; the furnace body 4 arranged on the support frame 2, The furnace body 4 is provided with a slag outlet 41 on one side of the first direction, and the furnace body 4 is provided with a steel outlet 42 on one side of the second direction. The height of the slag outlet 41 is higher than the height of the steel outlet 42. A drainage mechanism 5 is installed on the body 4 , and the drainage mechanism 5 is used for receiving molten steel and leading the molten steel into the furnace body 4 .

The turning mechanism 3 in the liquid metal refining device 15 of the present application enables the support frame 2 to be turned sideways in opposite first and second directions, and the height of the slag outlet 41 on one side of the first direction is higher than that on the side of the first direction. The height of the tapping port 42 on one side in the second direction, so that the operation of retaining the steel and slag and the purpose of the slag-free tapping refining process can be realized when the furnace body 4 taps molten steel, so that the slag in the furnace body after refining can be reused in the future. , saving slag and power consumption.

In order to better understand the liquid metal refining device in this application, it will be further explained and described below. 8 is a schematic diagram of the liquid metal refining device sliding in different working positions in the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 8 , the liquid metal refining device 15 can be moved in different working positions in various ways, such as Mechanical handling. In a preferred embodiment, the base 1 has rollers matched with the rails 13 , and the rollers may be multiple, and the rollers may be in two rows, which are located on both sides of the base 1 respectively. The track 13 can be laid between different working positions of the liquid metal refining device 15 , so that the liquid metal refining device 15 can be moved quickly, efficiently and safely by sliding the liquid metal refining device 15 on the track 13 . The base 1 can generally extend in the horizontal direction, which can bear a large load, and generally, it can be made of steel plate. The liquid metal refining device 15 in the present application can switch between different working positions through the track 13, and can directly perform refining operations on molten steel, thus replacing the traditional process concept of ladle containing molten steel for refining.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the support frame 2 may be arranged above the base 1 , and the support frame 2 is used to support the furnace body 4 . The base 1 and the supporting frame 2 are connected by a turning mechanism 3 . The turning mechanism 3 can enable the support frame 2 to be turned sideways in the opposite first direction and the second direction, so that the furnace body 4 on the support frame 2 can be inclined to the first direction or the second direction to pour out the furnace body 4 molten steel or refining slag.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the turning mechanism 3 may include: a guide column 31 , the upper end of which is hingedly connected with the support frame 2 ; a first side for controlling the support frame 2 to turn over to one side in the first direction The inversion control mechanism 32; the second side inversion control mechanism 33 for controlling the inversion of the support frame 2 to one side in the second direction.

The guide column 31 bears most of the weight of the support frame 2 and the furnace body 4 , the lower end of the guide column 31 is fixedly connected with the base 1 , and the upper end of the guide column 31 is hingedly connected with the support frame 2 so that the support frame 2 can It tilts or rotates around the guide post 31 in the first direction and the second direction.

4 is a front view of the first side inversion control mechanism of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the first side inversion control mechanism of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application, as shown in FIG. 4 and As shown in FIG. 5, the first side turning control mechanism 32 may include: a first base 321 fixedly arranged on the base 1, a first support 322, and the lower end of the first support 322 is hingedly connected to the first base 321 , the upper end of the first support member 322 is used to abut the support frame 2; the first hydraulic unit 323 is connected to the first support member 322 and is retractable, and the first hydraulic unit 323 can cause the first support member 322 to occur during expansion and contraction. turn. The lower end of the first hydraulic unit 323 is hingedly connected with the base 1 . FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the liquid metal refining device turned over to one side in the first direction in the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 6 , when the first hydraulic unit 323 is extended, the first support 322 rotates around the first base 321 Until it is rotated to a vertical state, at this time, the upper end of the first support member 322 is pressed against the support frame 2, and the support frame 2 is basically in a horizontal position. When the first hydraulic unit 323 contracts, the first support member 322 rotates around the first base 321 until the rotation reaches a certain angle with the vertical direction. The guide column 31 is rotated and inclined toward the first direction side.

The second side turning control mechanism 33 may include: a second base fixed on the base 1; a second support, the lower end of the second support is hingedly connected with the second base, and the upper end of the second support is used for Against the support frame 2; a telescopic second hydraulic unit connected to the second supporting member, the second hydraulic unit can make the first supporting member 322 rotate when the second hydraulic unit is telescopic. The lower end of the second hydraulic unit is hingedly connected with the base 1 . FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the liquid metal refining device inverting to one side in the second direction in the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 7 , the operation mechanism of the second-side inversion control mechanism 33 is similar to the operation mechanism of the first-side inversion control mechanism 32 similar, and will not be repeated here.

In order to keep the support frame 2 at a certain inclination angle after being inclined, as shown in FIG. 4 , the first side turning control mechanism 32 may include: a third base 324 fixedly arranged on the base 1; a third support 325 , the lower end of the third support 325 is hingedly connected with the third base 324, the height of the upper end of the third support 325 is lower than the height of the upper end of the first support 322; Three hydraulic units 326, the third hydraulic unit 326 can make the third supporting member 325 rotate when the third hydraulic unit 326 is extended and retracted. The lower end of the third hydraulic unit 326 is hingedly connected with the base 1 . When both the first support member 322 and the third support member 325 are in a vertical state, the height of the upper end of the third support member 325 is lower than the height of the upper end of the first support member 322 . Thus, when the support frame 2 is inclined to a certain inclination angle , the third support member 325 is in a vertical state, the third support member 325 is against the support frame 2 , and at this time, the third support member 325 can bear the weight of the support frame 2 and the furnace body 4 . When the third hydraulic unit 326 is kept in the extended state, the third support member 325 can be stably maintained in the vertical state without the problem of unstable support, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the support frame 2 when it is inclined. The second side turning control mechanism 33 may include: a fourth base fixedly arranged on the base 1; a fourth support, the lower end of the fourth support is hingedly connected with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth support The height is lower than the height of the upper end of the second support; the fourth hydraulic unit is connected to the fourth support and can be extended and retracted, and the fourth hydraulic unit can make the fourth support rotate when it is extended and retracted. The lower end of the fourth hydraulic unit is hingedly connected with the base 1 . The operation principle of the second side inversion control mechanism 33 is similar to that of the first side inversion control mechanism 32 , and details are not described herein again. The hydraulic station 34 communicated with the hydraulic unit can be arranged on the base 1, and the hydraulic station 34 provides hydraulic pressure for each hydraulic unit.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the first side turning control mechanism 32 may include: a first hydraulic cylinder unit 327 , the upper end of which is hingedly connected to the support frame 2 , and the lower end of which is hingedly connected to the base 1 . The first hydraulic cylinder unit 327 is provided on the side deviated from the first direction, and the second hydraulic cylinder unit 331 is provided on the side deviated from the second direction. When it is necessary to restore the support frame 2 to a horizontal state, one side of the support frame 2 can be supported by adjusting the lengths of the first hydraulic cylinder unit 327 and the second hydraulic cylinder unit 331, and then the first support member 322 or The second support member presses the support frame 2 to keep the support frame 2 in a horizontal state. The second side turning control mechanism 33 may include: a second hydraulic cylinder unit 331, the upper end of which is hingedly connected with the support frame 2, and the lower end of which is hingedly connected with the base 1.

The upper part of each hydraulic unit can be shielded and protected by a cover plate, and the surface of the cover plate can be sprayed with refractory castables.

The furnace body 4 is arranged in the support frame 2, and the furnace body 4 and the support frame 2 can be fixed by four corner pins. The furnace body 4 adopts a circular water-cooling structure or a refractory material structure. The inside of the furnace body 4 is used to hold molten steel. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the furnace body 4 is provided with a slag outlet 41 on one side of the first direction, and the furnace body 4 is provided with a tapping hole on one side of the second direction. The height of the outlet 42 and the slag outlet 41 is higher than the height of the steel outlet 42 . Specifically, the slag outlet 41 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 4 . The bottom of the furnace body 4 may be arranged eccentrically, and has a protruding portion 43 facing the second direction, and the tapping port 42 is located at the protruding portion 43 at the bottom of the furnace body 4 . Through the above structure, the molten steel at the bottom of the furnace body 4 can be quickly and conveniently discharged directly into the ladle from the tapping port 42 at the bottom, and the refining slag located in the upper layer of the molten steel in the furnace body 4 will not be mixed in and poured out. In this way, it is possible to To achieve the purpose of slag-free tapping. Moreover, the tapping port 42 is located on one side of the furnace body 4 in the second direction, which facilitates the placement of the ladle, so that when the furnace body 4 is tilted, the molten steel in the furnace body 4 directly pours into the second direction through the tapping port 42. side, directly into the ladle placed on the side of the second direction. The slag outlet 41 is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 4 in the first direction, so that when the furnace body 4 is tilted, the molten steel of the furnace body 4 directly pours to the first direction side through the slag outlet 41 .

When the furnace body 4 adopts a water-cooled structure, a quick joint can be used to connect the water-cooled pipeline and the furnace body 4 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , a drainage mechanism 5 may be installed on the furnace body 4 , and the drainage mechanism 5 is used for receiving molten steel and leading the molten steel into the furnace body 4 . The drainage mechanism 5 may be arranged on the side of the furnace body 4 , that is, on the side at about 90 degrees to the first direction or the second direction. High temperature refractory castable is built inside the drainage mechanism 5 . The drainage mechanism 5 and the furnace body 4 can be connected by bolts, so that the drainage mechanism 5 can be quickly replaced. When the refractory castable on the drainage mechanism 5 needs to be re-cast, the connecting bolts can be removed, the drainage mechanism 5 can be removed as a whole, and then a new drainage mechanism 5 that has been poured and baked is replaced, and finally the drainage mechanism 5 and the furnace The gaps between the bodies 4 are sealed with refractory mud.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the liquid metal refining device may include: a furnace cover 6 that can be lifted and lowered, and the furnace cover 6 can be matched with the furnace body 4 to seal the furnace body 4 . The furnace cover 6 can be lifted and lowered in the vertical direction. When the furnace body 4 needs to be sealed, the furnace cover 6 is lowered so as to cover the upper part of the furnace body 4 . The furnace cover 6 can be connected with the lifting and rotating system of the furnace cover 6, and the furnace cover 6 can be lifted and rotated through the lifting and rotating system of the furnace cover 6, so that the furnace cover 6 can be sealed with the furnace body 4 in a rotating manner.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the liquid metal refining device 15 may include: an electrode mechanism 8 , the electrode mechanism 8 passes through the furnace cover 6 , and the electrode mechanism 8 is used for heating molten steel; a conductive cross-arm mechanism 9 connected to the electrode mechanism 8 , the conductive cross arm mechanism 9 is used to lift the electrode. By raising and lowering the electrodes, the furnace cover 6 can also be raised and lowered. The electrode mechanism 8 is in electrical communication with the transformer 10 , and the transformer 10 provides the required voltage for the electrode mechanism 8 .

As shown in FIG. 8 , the liquid metal refining device 15 may include: a vacuuming device 7 , and the vacuuming device 7 is connected to the furnace cover 6 through a pipeline. When the molten steel in the furnace body 4 needs to be vacuum refined, the base 1 can carry the furnace body 4 to the working position of vacuum refining, lower the furnace cover 6 and seal the furnace body 4, and the furnace body 4 can be sealed by the vacuum pumping device 7. Vacuuming is performed between the furnace cover 6 and the vacuum refining operation. During the vacuum refining operation, the immersion tube of the RH or single-nozzle vacuum refining furnace can be directly inserted below the molten steel surface for treatment, or the furnace body 4 of the refining furnace can be covered by a special furnace cover 6 for vacuum refining.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the liquid metal refining device 15 may include: a powder spraying mechanism 11 for spraying powder flux into the furnace body 4 , and the powder spraying mechanism 11 is installed on the side wall of the furnace body 4 . The powdery flux can be a desulfurizing agent, and the molten steel is deeply desulfurized by the desulfurizing agent.

The liquid metal refining device 15 may include a dust removal mechanism, the dust removal mechanism is connected to the furnace cover 6 , and the dust removal mechanism is used to purify the flue gas generated in the furnace body 4 . The dust removal mechanism may include a bag filter, and the flue gas generated in the furnace body 4 is mixed with air and then enters the bag filter for purification.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the bottom of the furnace body 4 of the liquid metal refining device 15 can be treated by bottom blowing inert gas (nitrogen or argon) through air-permeable bricks, and can also be equipped with an electromagnetic stirring system, which is beneficial to the composition and temperature of the molten steel. It is fast and uniform, and promotes the floating of inclusions. The electromagnetic stirring system at the bottom of the furnace can be powered through a plug-in connector, and the plug-in connector can be unplugged when the liquid metal refining device 15 leaves the refining station.

A liquid metal smelting system is also proposed in this application, and FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the liquid metal smelting system in the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 9 , the liquid metal smelting system may include: any one of the above liquid metal smelting system The refining device 15 and the primary refining furnace 14 . The primary furnace 14 is used for metal melting. The primary smelting furnace 14 may include: a primary smelting furnace body 141, the bottom of the primary smelting furnace body 141 is provided with an opening 142 that can be opened and closed; there is a tapping state between the liquid metal refining device 15 and the primary smelting furnace 14. In the tapping state: the drainage mechanism 5 of the liquid metal refining device 15 is located below the opening 142 of the primary smelting furnace 14, and the opening 142 of the primary smelting furnace body 141 is opened, so that the molten steel in the primary smelting furnace body 141 can flow from the opening 142 The outflow flows into the furnace body 4 of the liquid metal refining device 15 through the drainage mechanism 5 .

In the above liquid metal smelting system, molten steel can be directly tapped between the liquid metal refining device and the primary smelting furnace, and the use of ladle is excluded between the two, which has the following advantages: compressing the relationship between the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device The interval time for transferring molten steel between the two can reduce the tapping temperature of the primary smelting furnace, which is beneficial to saving energy; it can improve the sealing degree when transferring molten steel between the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device, and reduce the secondary pollution of molten steel during the tapping process. Secondary oxidation and nitrogen absorption; speeding up the operation rhythm of the electric furnace steelmaking plant, which is beneficial to the continuous casting of continuous casting machines with multiple furnaces or high pulling speed.

The present application also provides a liquid metal refining method, which may include the following steps:

S101 : After the molten steel in the initial smelting furnace 14 meets the requirements, move the base 1 to the tapping position of the primary smelting furnace 14 , and then pour the molten steel in the primary smelting furnace 14 into the drainage mechanism 5 .

As shown in FIG. 8 , in this step, the primary smelting furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15 can be arranged next to each other or close to each other, and the liquid metal refining device 15 can be located on the laid track 13 . Smelting is carried out in the furnace 14, and operations such as dephosphorization and decarburization are performed. After the temperature and composition of the molten steel in the furnace 14 are qualified, the steel is ready for tapping. Slide the base 1 on the track 13 to the tapping position of the primary smelting furnace 14 . The drainage mechanism 5 of the liquid metal refining device 15 faces the primary smelting furnace 14 and is located below the outlet of the primary smelting furnace 14 . The primary smelting furnace 14 opens the tapping device, and the molten steel flows into the furnace body 4 of the liquid metal refining device 15 through the drainage mechanism 5 .

S102 : Move the base 1 to the refining working position, and lower the furnace cover 6 so that the furnace cover 6 and the furnace body 4 are matched and sealed, and the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is refined.

In this step, after tapping is completed, as shown in FIG. 8 , the base 1 can be opened to the refining working position by sliding on the track 13 to prepare for refining. The furnace cover 6 is lowered so that the furnace cover 6 and the furnace body 4 are matched and sealed, and at the same time, the electrode mechanism 8 inserted on the furnace cover 6 is energized and heated. The molten steel in the liquid metal refining device 15 can be refined in a reducing atmosphere without opening the cover for refining. Flux can also be added to make slag for molten steel refining operations. With the refining process, ferroalloy can also be added, and the bottom blowing operation can be carried out in the whole process. According to the steel type, nitrogen and argon can be switched for bottom blowing operation. When the molten steel needs to be deeply desulfurized, the desulfurization operation can also be performed through the furnace wall powder spraying mechanism 11 . For example, specifically, deoxidizing alloy can be added to carry out deoxidation operation, and then lime and fluorite can be added to make reduced slag with high basicity and high fluidity. In operation, inert gas is blown at the bottom of the refining process to remove inclusions. After the temperature is raised to about 1550 ℃, the molten steel is sampled and analyzed to calculate the amount of alloy that needs to be added. In the later stage of refining, about 5 kg of steel slag is added to modify the slag. The temperature and composition of molten steel can be measured by an automatic temperature measurement sampling gun above the furnace cover 6 , and it is also possible to tilt the furnace body 4 or open the furnace cover 6 .

S103 : If a vacuum refining operation is required, after the molten steel refining operation, slide the base 1 to the vacuum refining working position, so as to perform vacuum treatment on the molten steel in the furnace body 4 .

In this step, if a vacuum refining operation is required, after the molten steel refining operation, lift the furnace cover 6 at the refining working position, as shown in FIG. 8 , slide the base 1 to the vacuum refining working position, and then vacuum refining The furnace cover 6 at the working position is lowered to match the furnace body 4 , and then the vacuuming device 7 connected to the furnace cover 6 is activated to evacuate the space between the furnace body 4 and the furnace cover 6 . Of course, RH or single-nozzle refining furnace can also be used for vacuum treatment of molten steel in the furnace body 4 .

S104: When the refined molten steel meets the requirements, the furnace body 4 is tilted toward the tapping port 42 by the inversion mechanism 3, so that the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is poured out into the ladle.

In this step, after the refined molten steel or vacuum treated molten steel meets the requirements, it is ready for tapping, and the ladle carries the ladle to the tapping position of the liquid metal refining device 15 , that is, the tapping port 42 . The second hydraulic unit is shortened, the furnace body 4 is inclined to one side in the second direction so that the furnace body 4 is inclined to the tapping port 42 , and the upper end of the fourth support member is pressed against the support frame 2 . Open the tapping port 42, and discharge the molten steel into the ladle through the tapping port 42 at the protruding portion 43 at the bottom of the furnace body 4. Since the tapping port 42 is located at the bottom of the furnace body 4, slag-free tapping is realized during the tapping process. . Clean molten steel as much as possible, while controlling the amount of slag, to avoid the pouring out of refining slag from the tapping hole 42 as much as possible. Insulation covering agent can be added to the ladle, and the ton of steel is not more than 10kg. Drive the ladle truck loaded with the ladle to the hoisting position and then hoist it to the continuous casting machine for casting.

The liquid metal refining device 15 can adopt the operation of steel and slag retention, that is, the total amount of molten steel in the furnace is greater than the capacity of the ladle. When the molten steel in the ladle reaches the specified capacity, the liquid metal refining device 15 restores the furnace body 4 through the turning mechanism. To the horizontal position, the excess molten steel and refining slag can be left in the furnace for refining in the next furnace.

After the tapping is completed, the support frame 2 is restored to a horizontal state by the second hydraulic cylinder unit 331, and the support frame 2 is held against by the second support to keep the support frame 2 in a horizontal state.

S105: If there is a lot of refining slag in the upper layer of molten steel in the furnace body 4 and needs to be treated, after pouring out the molten steel, the furnace body 4 is tilted toward the slag outlet 41 by the inversion mechanism 3 to make part of the refining slag in the furnace body 4 pour out.

In this step, the first hydraulic unit 323 is shortened, the furnace body 4 is inclined to one side in the first direction so that the furnace body 4 is inclined toward the slag outlet 41 , and the upper end of the third support member 325 is pressed against the support frame 2 . The slag outlet 41 of the steel tapping port 42 is opened, and the furnace body 4 is tapped into the slag pot under the furnace body 4 . After the tapping is completed, in order to ensure the refining effect of the next furnace, about 1/3 of the slag is removed from each furnace, and 2/3 of the refining slag is left in the furnace body 4, and the refining is continued in the next furnace, so as to ensure that the sulfur capacity of the refining slag is satisfied. Desulfurization requirements. If there is no requirement for the amount of refining slag in the next refining, this step can be omitted.

After the slag removal is completed, the first hydraulic cylinder unit 327 restores the support frame 2 to a horizontal state, and then the first support member 322 is used to hold the support frame 2 in a horizontal state to keep the support frame 2 in a horizontal state.

S106: After the refining slag or molten steel is poured out, and the furnace body is restored to a horizontal position, the base 1 is moved to the tapping position of the primary furnace 14 to wait for receiving molten steel.

In this step, the base 1 can slide on the rail 13 to the tapping position of the primary furnace 14 . In order to increase the sulfur capacity of the refining slag, some lime and other slag materials can be added in the next refining, for example, about 5kg of slag material per ton of steel can be added.

In the above-mentioned liquid metal refining method, by compactly arranging the primary smelting furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15, the molten steel can be directly refined in the liquid metal refining device 15, so that the primary smelting furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15 can be directly refined. There is no need for the turnover of the ladle when transferring molten steel between them, which reduces the heat loss of the molten steel and realizes the low-temperature tapping of the primary furnace. In addition, the liquid metal refining device can realize slag-free tapping, which improves the cleanliness of molten steel in the future, and the recycling level of refining slag can also be improved through the partial slag tapping operation in the later stage. The refining slag is directly recycled in the furnace body. It reduces the amount of refining slag processing in the steelmaking plant, saves site and operating costs, and reduces the consumption of slag and electricity. The reuse of refining slag can reduce slag-forming materials such as lime and fluorite, and the amount of steel per ton is saved by about 10kg. The speed of slag formation can be increased, thereby reducing the smelting cycle of the liquid metal refining device, thereby reducing the erosion of refractory materials, and reducing power consumption by about 5 degrees per ton of steel.

In the present application, a furnace body 4 with an eccentric bottom of the tapping hole 42 is used, and the furnace body 4 replaces the traditional ladle containing molten steel for refining operation. In this way, the refining function of the ladle is replaced, and the resistance of the ladle is reduced. The consumption of materials also reduces the inclusions entering the molten steel, and reduces the power consumption of the liquid metal refining device and the comprehensive refractory consumption in the refining process.

All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, components, components or steps that do not materially affect the essential novel characteristics of the combination. Use of the terms "comprising" or "comprising" to describe combinations of elements, ingredients, components or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of those elements, ingredients, components or steps. By use of the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that "may" include any described attributes that are optional. A plurality of elements, components, components or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, component or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, component or step may be divided into separate multiple elements, components, components or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" used to describe an element, ingredient, part or step is not intended to exclude other elements, ingredients, parts or steps.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other. The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those who are familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention with this. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A liquid metal refining apparatus, characterized in that the liquid metal refining apparatus comprises:

a base;

the supporting frame is arranged above the base, the base is connected with the supporting frame through a turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism enables the supporting frame to turn on one side in a first direction and a second direction which are opposite;

the furnace body is arranged on the supporting frame, a slag hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the first direction, a steel tapping hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the second direction, the height of the slag hole is higher than that of the steel tapping hole, and a drainage mechanism is arranged on the furnace body and used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body.

2. A liquid metal refining apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tilting mechanism comprises: the upper end of the guide post is hinged with the support frame; control the braced frame to the first side upset control mechanism of one side upset of first direction, first side upset control mechanism includes:

the lower end of the first supporting piece is hinged with the first base, and the upper end of the first supporting piece is used for abutting against the supporting frame; the first hydraulic unit is connected with the first support and can stretch out and draw back, and when the first hydraulic unit stretches out and draws back, the first support can rotate;

a second side-tipping control mechanism that controls the tipping of the support frame to one side of the second direction, the second side-tipping control mechanism comprising:

the lower end of the second supporting piece is hinged with the second base, and the upper end of the second supporting piece is used for abutting against the supporting frame; and the second hydraulic unit is connected to the second support piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the second hydraulic unit can enable the first support piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back.

3. A liquid metal refining device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:

the lower end of the third supporting piece is hinged with the third base, and the height of the upper end of the third supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the first supporting piece; a third telescopic hydraulic unit connected to the third support member, wherein the third hydraulic unit can rotate the third support member when telescopic;

the second side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:

the lower end of the fourth supporting piece is hinged with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the second supporting piece; and the fourth hydraulic unit is connected to the fourth supporting piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the fourth hydraulic unit can enable the fourth supporting piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back.

4. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a vacuum pumping device; the furnace cover is used for sealing the furnace body, and the vacuumizing device is connected with the furnace cover through a pipeline.

5. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: the electrode mechanism penetrates through the furnace cover and is used for heating molten steel; and the conductive cross arm mechanism is connected with the electrode mechanism and is used for lifting the electrode.

6. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the vessel is eccentrically disposed with a projection, and the tap hole is located at the projection of the bottom of the vessel.

7. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the tap hole is provided in a side wall of the vessel body.

8. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: the powder spraying mechanism is used for spraying powdery flux to the interior of the furnace body and is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body; and the dust removal mechanism is connected with the furnace cover and is used for purifying the flue gas.

9. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the base is movable in a sliding manner on rails.

10. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: the furnace cover can be lifted and lowered, and can be matched with the furnace body to seal the inside of the furnace body.

11. A liquid metal smelting system, comprising: a liquid metal refining unit and a primary refining furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 10;

the primary smelting furnace comprises: the primary smelting furnace comprises a primary smelting furnace body, wherein the bottom of the primary smelting furnace body is provided with an opening capable of being opened and closed;

a tapping state is provided between the liquid metal refining apparatus and the primary smelting furnace, and in the tapping state: the drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below the opening of the primary refining furnace, and the opening of the furnace body of the primary refining furnace is opened, so that molten steel in the furnace body of the primary refining furnace can flow out of the opening and flow into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism.

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