CN210856207U - Liquid metal refining device and liquid metal smelting system - Google Patents
Liquid metal refining device and liquid metal smelting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210856207U CN210856207U CN201921031505.9U CN201921031505U CN210856207U CN 210856207 U CN210856207 U CN 210856207U CN 201921031505 U CN201921031505 U CN 201921031505U CN 210856207 U CN210856207 U CN 210856207U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a liquid metal refining device and liquid metal smelting system, it relates to metallurgical technical field, and liquid metal refining device includes: a base; the supporting frame is arranged above the base, the base is connected with the supporting frame through the turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism enables the supporting frame to turn on one side in a first direction and a second direction which are opposite; the furnace body is arranged on the supporting frame, the furnace body is provided with a slag hole and a steel tapping hole, the height of the slag hole is higher than that of the steel tapping hole, the furnace body is provided with a drainage mechanism, and the drainage mechanism is used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body. According to the method, the steel can be directly tapped into the refining furnace from the primary smelting furnace without steel ladle, so that the temperature drop of the molten steel is effectively reduced; meanwhile, the device can realize slag-free tapping, on one hand, casting residue is not left in the ladle to improve the metal yield and the quality of molten steel, and on the other hand, refining slag can be recycled to reduce the slag charge consumption and the power consumption in the refining process.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to liquid metal refining device and liquid metal smelting system.
Background
Various refining technologies are presented to solve the specific problems required to be solved by the manufacturers of the utility model, and simultaneously, the refining technologies are closely combined with the specific conditions of plants, equipment, processes and the like of the manufacturers. Although various external refining methods are different, any method strives to create optimal thermodynamic and kinetic conditions for accomplishing a certain refining task, so that the various existing refining methods have a common place in terms of the refining means employed. The external refining methods used so far include: slag washing, vacuum, stirring, blowing and heating. In addition, the continuous casting tundish is filtered. At present, the external refining method with various names is different combinations of the five refining means, and one or more means are adopted to form the external refining method, as shown in figure 1. Slag washing: obtaining clean molten steel and carrying out deoxidation, desulfurization and inclusion removal properly. The prepared synthetic slag (smelted in a special slag smelting furnace) is poured into a ladle, and molten steel and the synthetic slag are fully mixed under the impact action of steel flow during tapping, so that refining tasks such as deoxidation, desulfurization, inclusion removal and the like are completed. Vacuum: molten steel is placed in a vacuum chamber, and the reaction is moved to the direction of generated gas phase due to the vacuum effect, so as to achieve the purposes of degassing, deoxidizing, decarbonizing and the like. Vacuum is a widely used means in external refining. Stirring: the reaction interface is enlarged by stirring, the transfer process of reaction substances is accelerated, and the reaction speed is improved. The stirring method includes air-blowing stirring and electromagnetic stirring. Heating: an important means for adjusting the temperature of molten steel is to better connect steel making and continuous casting. The heating method includes an arc heating method and a chemical heating method. Blowing: a means for adding reactants into the molten metal using a gas as a carrier. The metallurgical function of the blowing depends on the type of the refining agent, and the blowing can complete refining tasks of desulfurization, deoxidation, alloying, inclusion morphology control and the like to different degrees.
At present, steel plants generally adopt a production mode of a primary smelting furnace (a converter or an electric arc furnace), an LF furnace (a ladle refining furnace), Vacuum refining and a continuous casting machine (or die casting), and some steel plants are also provided with Vacuum refining devices such as a VD (Vacuum Degassing) refining method or an RH Vacuum circulation Degassing refining method. The LF furnace mainly has the tasks of alloying, desulfurizing, removing inclusions, heating molten steel and buffering the production rhythm. With the wide adoption of the external refining technology, the ladle is not only a container for transporting and casting molten steel, but also a steel slag reactor for external refining, so that the residence time of the molten steel in the ladle is prolonged. Therefore, the initial furnace or the LF furnace is required to be tapped at a higher tapping temperature. The temperature of the molten steel is increased, the corrosion of the steel ladle refractory is increased, and the heat loss of the steel ladle is also increased. The temperature of molten steel in the continuous casting process has great influence on the quality of a casting blank of a continuous casting machine. The temperature of the molten steel is higher, so that the blank shell of the casting blank is thinned and the thickness of the casting blank is uneven, steel leakage is caused or the pulling speed is forced to be reduced, the secondary oxidation of the molten steel and the corrosion of a lining refractory material are aggravated, and various defects such as bulging, internal cracking and the like are generated. On the contrary, if the pouring temperature is lower, the water gap of the tundish is also caused to be condensed, so that a cold shell is formed at the liquid level of the steel in the crystallizer, and the surface quality of the casting blank is deteriorated. Therefore, the temperature control of the molten steel is one of the important tasks of the external refining.
Aiming at the problems that the temperature of molten steel fluctuates greatly in the production process and the temperature control in the process is influenced, the temperature drop of the molten steel is reduced by adopting the technologies of strengthening the baking of a steel ladle, improving the heat transfer of the steel ladle, optimizing the structure and the components of a lining of the steel ladle, adding a heat insulating agent in the molten steel operation process, covering the steel ladle in the pouring process, covering the steel ladle in the whole process of the steel ladle and the like.
After the molten steel is poured, the refined top slag of the LF furnace and the residual steel of the steel ladle are poured into a slag pan and transferred to a steel slag treatment plant for treatment, the waste steel is mainly recycled in the treatment process, and other comprehensive utilization is carried out on the slag. The ladle top slag after LF refining has the characteristics of high alkalinity, low oxidation and low melting point, and meanwhile, the temperature is higher, the fluidity is better, the repeated utilization can reduce the using amount of slagging materials such as lime, fluorite and the like, the slagging speed is improved, the corrosion of refractory materials is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, the recycling of the residual steel of the ladle after casting can be realized, and the metal yield is improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The applicant has found that the existing steel plants generally adopt a primary smelting furnace (converter or electric furnace) + LF furnace + (vacuum refining) to smelt qualified molten steel, and a ladle as a part of a refining furnace, including LF furnace treatment and vacuum treatment, is carried out in the ladle. And after the smelting temperature and the components of the primary smelting furnace are qualified, tapping into a ladle, and conveying to an LF furnace station for refining treatment through a casting crane or a ladle car. And when the ladle reaches the LF furnace treatment position, lowering the furnace cover and the electrodes, carrying out power transmission and argon (nitrogen) blowing stirring operation, adding lime and fluorite into the ladle for slagging in the power transmission process, heating to a specified temperature, carrying out sampling analysis, and calculating the amount of alloy to be added. When the temperature and the components are qualified, the ladle is lifted to a continuous casting machine rotary table by a casting crane for continuous casting operation or lifted to vacuum treatment operation for vacuum treatment, wherein the vacuum treatment can adopt RH, a single-nozzle refining furnace or VD (VOD) and the like. In the process of vacuum refining, the temperature of the molten steel is obviously reduced due to the circular flow of the molten steel, and the molten steel needs to be subjected to heat preservation treatment in the process. Meanwhile, the temperature drop after refining is considered, so the temperature of the molten steel at the end of the primary furnace and the LF furnace is required to be higher than the temperature required by continuous casting of the molten steel.
In addition, the LF furnace refining mainly adopts a high-alkalinity slag system to improve the internal quality of molten steel, the main component of the slag system is CaO with the mass ratio of 40-50%, and the CaO is mixed with Al in a ladle lining at the refining temperature2O3Forming a low-melting substance C2AS and other substances cause serious corrosion of the lining of the steel ladle, the corroded product enters the molten steel, and large-particle substances can float up to the surface of the molten steel to form furnace slag after a period of time because the density of the product is lighter than that of the molten steel. After the refining is completed, the slag charge added during the refining is melted into slag floating on the surface of the molten steel. At the end of the continuous casting process, a vortex flow phenomenon can occur, and a through type air suction vortex can be generated under severe conditions, so that top slag on the surface of molten steel is drawn into a tundish, some crushed slag particles can float upwards to be removed, and some crushed slag particles are left in steel to form inclusions.
The steel ladle is used as a refining furnace, steel ladle refractory materials are easy to fall off, large-granularity steel ladle refractory materials float to the surface of molten steel after being soft blown, and small-granularity formed inclusion is left in the molten steel to pollute the molten steel. In consideration of vacuum refining and continuous casting waiting time, the temperature of LF refining is generally increased, and the high temperature further increases the corrosion of ladle refractory. Tapping is carried out after the smelting of the primary smelting furnace is finished, molten steel enters a steel ladle for refining, temperature drop inevitably occurs in the processes of tapping, steel ladle transportation and waiting, and the tapping temperature of the primary smelting furnace is increased except for heat preservation. If the primary smelting temperature is too high, the refractory life of the primary smelting furnace is reduced, and the refractory life of the ladle is also reduced. In the continuous casting process, in order to improve the metal yield as much as possible, molten steel is always expected to enter a continuous casting machine as much as possible, and the amount of remaining steel is reduced, so that slag entrapment, molten steel pollution and continuous casting billet quality influence inevitably occur. The excessive steel amount can reduce the slag and improve the quality of continuous casting billets, but can reduce the yield of molten steel. In order to reduce the quantity of refining slag as much as possible in a ladle on a continuous casting machine, less slag refining or even slag-free refining is required, so that the slag entrapment in the continuous casting link is reduced.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a liquid metal refining device and a liquid metal smelting system, which can directly tap steel into a refining furnace from a primary smelting furnace without steel ladle tapping, thereby effectively reducing the temperature drop of molten steel; meanwhile, slag-free tapping can be realized, on one hand, casting residue is not left in the ladle to improve the metal yield and the quality of molten steel, and on the other hand, refining slag can be recycled to reduce the slag charge consumption and the power consumption in the refining process.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a concrete technical scheme is:
a liquid metal refining apparatus, the liquid metal refining apparatus comprising:
a base;
the supporting frame is arranged above the base, the base is connected with the supporting frame through a turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism enables the supporting frame to turn on one side in a first direction and a second direction which are opposite;
the furnace body is arranged on the supporting frame, a slag hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the first direction, a steel tapping hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the second direction, the height of the slag hole is higher than that of the steel tapping hole, and a drainage mechanism is arranged on the furnace body and used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body;
the furnace cover can be lifted and lowered, and can be matched with the furnace body to seal the inside of the furnace body.
Preferably, the turnover mechanism includes: the upper end of the guide post is hinged with the support frame; control the braced frame to the first side upset control mechanism of one side upset of first direction, first side upset control mechanism includes:
a first base fixedly arranged on the base, a first supporting piece, the lower end of which
The upper end of the first supporting piece is used for propping against the supporting frame
A frame; a first telescopic hydraulic unit connected to the first support member, the first hydraulic unit
The unit can enable the first support part to rotate when being stretched;
a second side-tipping control mechanism that controls the tipping of the support frame to one side of the second direction, the second side-tipping control mechanism comprising:
the lower end of the second supporting piece is hinged with the second base, and the upper end of the second supporting piece is used for abutting against the supporting frame; and the second hydraulic unit is connected to the second support piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the second hydraulic unit can enable the first support piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back.
Preferably, the first side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:
the lower end of the third supporting piece is hinged with the third base, and the height of the upper end of the third supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the first supporting piece; a third telescopic hydraulic unit connected to the third support member, wherein the third hydraulic unit can rotate the third support member when telescopic;
the second side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:
the lower end of the fourth supporting piece is hinged with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the second supporting piece; and the fourth hydraulic unit is connected to the fourth supporting piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the fourth hydraulic unit can enable the fourth supporting piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back.
Preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus further comprises: a vacuum pumping device; the furnace cover is used for sealing the furnace body, and the vacuumizing device is connected with the furnace cover through a pipeline.
Preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus further comprises: the electrode mechanism penetrates through the furnace cover and is used for heating molten steel; and the conductive cross arm mechanism is connected with the electrode mechanism and is used for lifting the electrode.
Preferably, the bottom of the furnace body is eccentrically arranged and is provided with a convex part, and the steel tapping hole is positioned at the convex part at the bottom of the furnace body.
Preferably, the slag outlet is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body.
Preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus further comprises: the powder spraying mechanism is used for spraying powdery flux to the interior of the furnace body and is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body; and the dust removal mechanism is connected with the furnace cover and is used for purifying the flue gas.
Preferably, the base is movable in a sliding manner on a rail.
Preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus further comprises: the furnace cover can be lifted and lowered, and can be matched with the furnace body to seal the inside of the furnace body.
A liquid metal smelting system, comprising: a liquid metal refining apparatus and a smelting apparatus as described in any one of the above;
the smelting device comprises: the smelting device comprises a smelting device furnace body, wherein the bottom of the smelting device furnace body is provided with an opening capable of being opened and closed;
a tapping state is provided between the liquid metal refining apparatus and the smelting apparatus, in which tapping state: the drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below the smelting device, and an opening of a furnace body of the smelting device is opened, so that molten steel in the furnace body of the smelting device flows out of the opening and flows into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism.
The technical scheme of the utility model following beneficial effect that is showing has:
the liquid metal refining device in this application can switch between the operating position of difference through the track to can directly carry out refining operation to the molten steel, so replace traditional ladle splendid attire molten steel to carry out concise technology theory. Meanwhile, the turnover mechanism enables the supporting frame to turn on one side in the first direction and the second direction which are opposite, the slag hole on one side of the first direction is higher than the steel-tapping hole on one side of the second direction, and the steel-tapping hole is arranged on the protruding part of the bottom of the lower furnace body.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings, which specify the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for helping the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. The skilled person in the art can, under the teaching of the present invention, choose various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the invention according to the specific situation.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of various external refining processes;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is an elevational view of a first side upset control mechanism of the liquid metal refining apparatus of the embodiment of the subject application;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a first side tilt control mechanism of the liquid metal refining apparatus of the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application turned to one side in a first direction;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application turned to one side in a second direction;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the sliding motion of the liquid metal refining unit in various operating positions according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a liquid metal smelting system in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals of the above figures:
1. a base; 2. a support frame; 3. a turnover mechanism; 31. a guide post; 32. a first side-tipping control mechanism; 321. a first base; 322. a first support member; 323. a first hydraulic unit; 324. a third base; 325. a third support member; 326. a third hydraulic unit; 327. a first hydraulic cylinder unit; 33. a second side turnover control mechanism; 331. a second hydraulic cylinder unit; 34. a hydraulic station; 4. a furnace body; 41. a slag outlet; 42. a steel tapping hole; 43. a projection; 5. a drainage mechanism; 6. a furnace cover; 7. a vacuum pumping device; 8. an electrode mechanism; 9. a conductive cross arm mechanism; 10. a transformer; 11. a powder spraying mechanism; 13. a track; 14. a primary smelting furnace; 141. a primary smelting furnace body; 142. an opening; 15. a liquid metal refining device.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood with reference to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of explanation only, and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Given the teachings of the present invention, the skilled person can conceive of any possible variants based on the invention, which should all be considered as belonging to the scope of the invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, indirect connections through intermediaries, and the like. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
In order to directly tap steel from the primary smelting furnace without steel ladle into the refining furnace, the temperature drop of the molten steel is effectively reduced; meanwhile, slag-free tapping can be realized, on one hand, casting residues are not left in a ladle to improve the metal yield and the molten steel quality, on the other hand, refining residues can be recycled to reduce the slag consumption and the power consumption in the refining process, a liquid metal refining device is provided in the application, fig. 2 is a front view of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application, fig. 3 is a side view of the liquid metal refining device in the embodiment of the application, and as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the liquid metal refining device 15 can comprise: a base 1; the supporting frame 2 is arranged above the base 1, the base 1 and the supporting frame 2 are connected through a turnover mechanism 3, and the turnover mechanism 3 enables the supporting frame 2 to turn on one side in a first direction and a second direction which are opposite; the furnace body 4 is arranged on the supporting frame 2, a slag hole 41 is formed in one side of the furnace body 4 in the first direction, a steel tapping hole 42 is formed in one side of the furnace body 4 in the second direction, the height of the slag hole 41 is higher than that of the steel tapping hole 42, a flow guiding mechanism 5 is arranged on the furnace body 4, and the flow guiding mechanism 5 is used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body 4.
In order to better understand the liquid metal refining apparatus of the present application, it will be further explained and illustrated below. Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the liquid metal refining apparatus of the embodiment of the present application sliding in different operating positions, and as shown in fig. 3 and 8, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 can be moved in various ways, such as by mechanical handling, in different operating positions. In a preferred embodiment, the base 1 has a plurality of rollers, which may be in two rows, located on two sides of the base 1, and are engaged with the rails 13. The track 13 may be laid between different operating positions of the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 so that the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may be moved quickly, efficiently and safely by sliding the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 on the track 13. The base 1 may extend substantially horizontally and may be able to withstand large loads, and may be made of steel plate in general. The liquid metal refining device 15 in the application can be switched between different working positions through the rail 13, and can directly carry out refining operation on molten steel, so that the process idea of refining molten steel contained in a traditional ladle is replaced.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a supporting frame 2 may be disposed above the base 1, and the supporting frame 2 is used for supporting the furnace body 4. The base 1 and the supporting frame 2 are connected through a turnover mechanism 3. The turnover mechanism 3 can enable the support frame 2 to turn over in the first direction and the second direction which are opposite, so that the furnace body 4 on the support frame 2 can incline in the first direction or the second direction to pour out the molten steel or the refining slag in the furnace body 4.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the turnover mechanism 3 may include: the upper end of the guide column 31 is hinged with the support frame 2; a first side-turning control mechanism 32 that controls turning of the support frame 2 to one side in the first direction; and a second side-turn control mechanism 33 for controlling the turning of the support frame 2 to one side in the second direction.
Wherein, the guide post 31 bears most of the weight of the support frame 2 and the furnace body 4, the lower end of the guide post 31 is fixedly connected with the base 1, and the upper end of the guide post 31 is hinged with the support frame 2 so that the support frame 2 can incline or rotate around the guide post 31 to the first direction and the second direction.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a first side-turnover control mechanism of a liquid metal refining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a side view of the first side-turnover control mechanism of the liquid metal refining apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first side-turnover control mechanism 32 may include a first base 321 fixedly installed on the base 1, a first support 322, a lower end of the first support 322 being hinged to the first base 321, and an upper end of the first support 322 being adapted to abut against the support frame 2; a first hydraulic unit 323 capable of telescoping is connected to the first support 322, and the first hydraulic unit 323 can rotate the first support 322 when telescoping. The lower end of the first hydraulic unit 323 is hinge-coupled to the base 1. Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the liquid metal refining apparatus of the embodiment of the present application turned to one side in the first direction, and as shown in fig. 6, when the first hydraulic unit 323 is extended, the first support member 322 rotates around the first base 321 until it rotates to a vertical state, and at this time, the upper end of the first support member 322 abuts against the support frame 2, and the support frame 2 is substantially in a horizontal position. When the first hydraulic unit 323 is contracted, the first supporting member 322 rotates around the first base 321 until it rotates to have a certain angle with the vertical direction, at this time, the height of the upper end of the first supporting member 322 is lowered, and the supporting frame 2 rotates around the guide post 31 to incline to the first direction side.
The second side-tipping control mechanism 33 may include a second base fixedly disposed on the base 1; the lower end of the second supporting piece is hinged with the second base, and the upper end of the second supporting piece is used for abutting against the supporting frame 2; a second hydraulic unit connected to the second support member and capable of extending and retracting, wherein the second hydraulic unit can rotate the first support member 322 when extending and retracting. The lower end of the second hydraulic unit is hinged with the base 1. Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating one-side inversion of the liquid metal refining apparatus in the second embodiment, and as shown in fig. 7, the operation mechanism of the second side inversion control mechanism 33 is similar to that of the first side inversion control mechanism 32, and will not be described again.
In order to maintain the support frame 2 at a certain inclination angle after it is inclined, as shown in fig. 4, the first side-tipping control mechanism 32 may include a third base 324 fixedly provided on the base 1; a third supporting member 325, a lower end of the third supporting member 325 being hinge-connected to the third base 324, an upper end of the third supporting member 325 being lower in height than an upper end of the first supporting member 322; a third hydraulic unit 326 capable of telescoping and connected to the third support 325, wherein the third hydraulic unit 326 is capable of rotating the third support 325 when telescoping. The lower end of the third hydraulic unit 326 is hinged to the base 1. When the first supporting member 322 and the third supporting member 325 are both in the vertical state, the height of the upper end of the third supporting member 325 is lower than the height of the upper end of the first supporting member 322, so that when the supporting frame 2 is inclined to a certain inclination angle, the third supporting member 325 is in the vertical state, the third supporting member 325 is abutted against the supporting frame 2, and at this time, the third supporting member 325 can bear the weight of the supporting frame 2 and the furnace body 4. When the third hydraulic unit 326 is maintained in the extended state, the third supporter 325 can be stably maintained in the vertical state without a problem of weak support, thereby ensuring safety and reliability when the support frame 2 is inclined. The second side-overturning control mechanism 33 may include a fourth base fixedly disposed on the base 1; the lower end of the fourth supporting piece is hinged with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the second supporting piece; and the fourth hydraulic unit is connected to the fourth supporting piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the fourth hydraulic unit can enable the fourth supporting piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back. The lower end of the fourth hydraulic unit is hinged with the base 1. The operation principle of the second side-tipping control mechanism 33 is similar to that of the first side-tipping control mechanism 32, and is not described in detail herein. A hydraulic station 34 in communication with the hydraulic units may be provided on the base 1, the hydraulic station 34 providing hydraulic pressure to each hydraulic unit.
As shown in fig. 3, the first side-tipping control mechanism 32 may include: the first hydraulic cylinder unit 327 has an upper end hinged to the support frame 2 and a lower end hinged to the base 1. The first cylinder unit 327 is disposed on a side biased in the first direction, and the second cylinder unit 331 is disposed on a side biased in the second direction. When the supporting frame 2 needs to be restored to the horizontal state, one side of the supporting frame 2 can be supported by adjusting the lengths of the first hydraulic cylinder unit 327 and the second hydraulic cylinder unit 331, and then the supporting frame 2 is supported by the first supporting member 322 or the second supporting member, so that the supporting frame 2 is maintained in the horizontal state. The second side-tipping control mechanism 33 may include a second hydraulic cylinder unit 331 having an upper end hinged to the support frame 2 and a lower end hinged to the base 1.
The upper parts of the hydraulic units can be shielded and protected by adopting cover plates, and the upper surfaces of the cover plates can be sprayed with refractory castable.
The furnace body 4 sets up in braced frame 2, can fix through the round pin axle at four angles between furnace body 4 and braced frame 2. The furnace body 4 adopts a circular water-cooling structure or a refractory material structure. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the furnace body 4 has a slag hole 41 formed at one side in the first direction, the furnace body 4 has a steel outlet 42 formed at one side in the second direction, and the slag hole 41 is higher than the steel outlet 42. Specifically, the slag hole 41 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 4. The bottom of the furnace body 4 may then be eccentrically arranged with the projection 43 facing in the second direction, the tap hole 42 being located at the projection 43 at the bottom of the furnace body 4. Through the structure, the molten steel at the bottom in the furnace body 4 can be quickly and conveniently discharged into the ladle from the steel outlet 42 at the bottom, and the refining slag on the upper layer of the molten steel in the furnace body 4 can not be mixed in and poured out, so that the aim of slag-free steel tapping can be achieved. Moreover, the tap hole 42 is located at the second direction side of the furnace body 4, so that the placement of the ladle can be facilitated, and thus, when the furnace body 4 is tilted, the molten steel of the furnace body 4 directly falls to the second direction side through the tap hole 42 and directly enters the ladle placed at the second direction side. The slag hole 41 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 4 on the first direction side, so that the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is directly poured to the first direction side through the slag hole 41 when the furnace body 4 is tilted.
When the furnace body 4 adopts a water cooling structure, the water cooling pipeline and the furnace body 4 can be connected by adopting a quick connector.
As shown in FIG. 2, a flow guide mechanism 5 can be installed on the furnace body 4, and the flow guide mechanism 5 is used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body 4. The flow guide mechanism 5 may be disposed on the side of the furnace body 4, i.e., on the side at about 90 degrees to the first direction or the second direction. High-temperature refractory castable is built in the drainage mechanism 5. The drainage mechanism 5 and the furnace body 4 can be connected through bolts, so that the drainage mechanism 5 can be quickly replaced. When the refractory castable on the drainage mechanism 5 needs to be poured again, the connecting bolt can be detached, the drainage mechanism 5 is integrally detached, then a new poured and baked drainage mechanism 5 is replaced, and finally the gap between the drainage mechanism 5 and the furnace body 4 is plugged by refractory mortar.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid metal refining apparatus may include: a furnace cover 6 capable of lifting, and the furnace cover 6 can be matched with the furnace body 4 to seal the inside of the furnace body 4. The furnace cover 6 can be lifted in the vertical direction, and when the furnace body 4 needs to be sealed, the furnace cover 6 is lowered to cover the upper part of the furnace body 4. The furnace cover 6 can be connected with a furnace cover 6 lifting and rotating system, and the furnace cover 6 can be lifted and also can rotate through the furnace cover 6 lifting and rotating system, so that the furnace cover 6 is in sealing fit with the furnace body 4 in a rotating mode.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may include: the electrode mechanism 8 penetrates through the furnace cover 6, and the electrode mechanism 8 is used for heating molten steel; and the conductive cross arm mechanism 9 is connected with the electrode mechanism 8, and the conductive cross arm mechanism 9 is used for lifting the electrode. The furnace cover 6 can be lifted up and down by lifting up and down the electrode. The electrode means 8 is in electrical communication with a transformer 10, the transformer 10 providing the electrode means 8 with the required voltage.
As shown in fig. 8, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may include: and the vacuumizing device 7 is connected with the furnace cover 6 through a pipeline. When the vacuum refining operation of the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is needed, the base 1 can carry the furnace body 4 to open to a vacuum refining working position, the furnace cover 6 is lowered to be sealed with the furnace body 4, and the space between the furnace body 4 and the furnace cover 6 is vacuumized through the vacuumizing device 7, so that the vacuum refining operation can be carried out. When the vacuum refining operation is carried out, the vacuum refining furnace can be directly inserted below the liquid level of molten steel through an RH or immersion tube of a single-nozzle vacuum refining furnace for treatment, and can also be covered on a refining furnace body 4 through a specially-made furnace cover 6 for vacuum refining.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may include: the powder spraying mechanism 11 is used for spraying powder flux into the furnace body 4, and the powder spraying mechanism 11 is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 4. The powdery flux can be a desulfurizer, and the molten steel is subjected to deep desulfurization treatment by the desulfurizer.
The liquid metal refining device 15 may include a dust removing mechanism connected to the furnace cover 6, the dust removing mechanism being for purifying the flue gas generated in the furnace body 4. The dust removing mechanism can comprise a bag-type dust remover, and the flue gas generated in the furnace body 4 enters the bag-type dust remover for purification treatment after being mixed with air.
As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom of the furnace body 4 of the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may be treated with bottom-blown inert gas (nitrogen or argon) through gas permeable bricks, and may be equipped with an electromagnetic stirring system, which is advantageous for rapid and uniform distribution of molten steel components and temperature and promotion of floating of inclusions. The bottom electromagnetic stirring system can be powered by an electrical plug, which can be pulled out when the liquid metal refining device 15 leaves the refining station.
A liquid metal smelting system is also proposed in the present application, fig. 9 is a schematic view of the liquid metal smelting system in the embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 9, the liquid metal smelting system may include: the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 and the primary refining furnace 14 described above. The primary furnace 14 is used for melting metal. The primary furnace 14 may include: a primary furnace body 141, the bottom of which 141 is provided with an opening 142 that can be opened and closed; a tapping state is provided between the liquid metal refining device 15 and the primary smelting furnace 14, and in the tapping state: the drainage mechanism 5 of the liquid metal refining device 15 is positioned below the opening 142 of the primary furnace 14, and the opening 142 of the primary furnace body 141 is opened, so that the molten steel in the primary furnace body 141 can flow out of the opening 142 and flow into the furnace body 4 of the liquid metal refining device 15 through the drainage mechanism 5.
In the liquid metal smelting system, molten steel can be directly discharged between the liquid metal refining device and the primary smelting furnace, and the use of a steel ladle is eliminated between the liquid metal refining device and the primary smelting furnace, so that the liquid metal smelting system has the following advantages: the interval time for transferring molten steel between the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device is shortened, the tapping temperature of the primary smelting furnace can be reduced, and energy is saved; the sealing degree of the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device during molten steel transfer can be improved, and secondary oxidation and nitrogen absorption of the molten steel in the tapping process are reduced; quickens the running rhythm of the electric furnace steel plant and is beneficial to multi-furnace continuous casting or high-pulling-speed continuous casting of a continuous casting machine.
The present application also provides a liquid metal refining method, which may include the steps of:
s101: when the molten steel in the primary smelting furnace 14 meets the requirements, the base 1 is moved to the tapping position of the primary smelting furnace 14, and then the molten steel in the primary smelting furnace 14 is poured into the drainage mechanism 5.
As shown in fig. 8, in this step, the primary furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15 may be disposed in close proximity or in the vicinity of each other, the liquid metal refining device 15 may be positioned on the laid rails 13, scrap, molten iron, pig iron, or the like may be smelted in the primary furnace 14, dephosphorization, decarburization, or the like may be performed, and after the temperature and composition of molten steel in the primary furnace 14 are acceptable, tapping may be prepared. The base 1 is slid on the rails 13 to the tapping position of the primary smelting furnace 14, and the flow guide means 5 of the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 is directed toward the primary smelting furnace 14 and is positioned below the outlet of the primary smelting furnace 14. The primary refining furnace 14 opens the tapping device, and the molten steel flows into the furnace body 4 of the liquid metal refining device 15 through the flow guide mechanism 5.
S102: the base 1 is moved to a refining work position, and the furnace cover 6 is lowered to make the furnace cover 6 matched and sealed with the furnace body 4, and the refining operation is carried out on the molten steel in the furnace body 4.
In this step, after the tapping is completed, as shown in fig. 8, the base 1 is slidably moved on the rails 13 to a refining operation position to be subjected to refining. The furnace cover 6 is lowered to fit and seal the furnace cover 6 with the furnace body 4, and the electrode mechanism 8 inserted on the furnace cover 6 is electrified and heated. The molten steel in the liquid metal refining device 15 can be refined in a reducing atmosphere without uncovering the refining furnace in the whole process. And a flux can be added for slagging so as to carry out molten steel refining operation. Along with the refining process, ferroalloy can be added, bottom blowing operation is carried out in the whole process, and nitrogen and argon can be switched to carry out bottom blowing operation according to steel grades. When the molten steel needs to be subjected to deep desulfurization, desulfurization can also be performed by the furnace wall powder spraying mechanism 11. Specifically, for example, a deoxidation operation may be performed by adding a deoxidation alloy, and then a submerged arc refining operation may be performed by adding lime, fluorite, or the like to produce a high-basicity and high-fluidity reducing slag in an amount of about 15kg to 20kg per ton of steel, and bottom blowing an inert gas to remove inclusions in the entire refining process. And after the temperature is raised to about 1550 ℃, sampling and analyzing the molten steel, calculating the amount of alloy to be added, and adding about 5kg of steel slag modified slag at the later stage of refining. The temperature and the components of the molten steel can be measured by an automatic temperature measuring and sampling gun above the furnace cover 6, and the furnace body 4 can be tilted or the furnace cover 6 can be opened.
S103: if the vacuum refining operation is required, the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is vacuum-treated by sliding the base 1 to the vacuum refining position after the molten steel is refined.
In this step, if the vacuum refining operation is required, after the refining operation is performed on the molten steel, the furnace lid 6 at the refining operation position is raised, the base 1 is slid to the vacuum refining operation position as shown in fig. 8, the furnace lid 6 at the vacuum refining operation position is lowered to fit the furnace body 4, and then the vacuum-pumping device 7 connected to the furnace lid 6 is started to evacuate the space between the furnace body 4 and the furnace lid 6. Of course, RH or a single-nozzle refining furnace may be used for vacuum treatment of the molten steel in the furnace body 4.
S104: when the refined molten steel meets the requirements, the furnace body 4 is inclined towards the steel outlet 42 through the turnover mechanism 3 so that the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is poured into a ladle.
In this step, after the refined molten steel or the vacuum-treated molten steel meets the requirements, the steel is ready to be tapped, and the ladle car is moved to the tapping position of the liquid metal refining apparatus 15, i.e., the tapping hole 42, with the ladle. The second hydraulic unit is shortened, the furnace body 4 is tilted to one side of the second direction so that the furnace body 4 is tilted to the tap hole 42, and the upper end of the fourth supporter abuts against the support frame 2. The tap hole 42 is opened and molten steel is discharged into the ladle through the tap hole 42 at the bottom projection 43 of the furnace body 4, and since the tap hole 42 is located at the bottom of the furnace body 4, slag-free tapping is achieved during tapping. The molten steel is discharged as clean as possible, and the amount of the discharged slag is controlled, so that the refined slag is prevented from being poured out from the steel outlet 42 as much as possible. The ladle can be added with a heat preservation covering agent, and the ton of steel is not more than 10 kg. And (4) driving the ladle car loaded with the ladle to a hoisting position to hoist to a continuous casting machine for casting.
The liquid metal refining device 15 can adopt steel retention and slag retention operations, namely, the total amount of the molten steel in the furnace is larger than the capacity of the ladle, when the molten steel in the ladle reaches the specified capacity, the liquid metal refining device 15 restores the furnace body 4 to the horizontal position through the turnover mechanism, and redundant molten steel and refining slag can be retained in the furnace for refining of the next furnace.
After the completion of the steel tapping, the support frame 2 is restored to the horizontal state by the second hydraulic cylinder unit 331, and then the support frame 2 is pressed by the second support so that the support frame 2 is maintained in the horizontal state.
S105: if the amount of the refining slag on the upper layer of the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is large and needs to be treated, the furnace body 4 is tilted toward the slag hole 41 by the tilting mechanism 3 after the molten steel is poured out so that part of the refining slag in the furnace body 4 is poured out.
In this step, the first hydraulic unit 323 is shortened, the furnace body 4 is tilted to one side in the first direction so that the furnace body 4 is tilted to the slag hole 41, and the upper end of the third support 325 abuts against the support frame 2. The tap hole 42 is opened and the tap hole 41 is opened, and the furnace body 4 taps into a slag pot below the furnace body 4. After tapping is finished, about 1/3 of slag is discharged from each furnace in order to ensure the refining effect of the next furnace, 2/3 refining slag is left in the furnace body 4, and the next furnace is refined and continuously used, so that the sulfur capacity of the refining slag is ensured to meet the desulfurization requirement. This step can be omitted if there is no requirement for the amount of the refining slag at the time of the next refining.
After the slag discharge is completed, the supporting frame 2 is restored to the horizontal state by the first hydraulic cylinder unit 327, and then the supporting frame 2 is pressed against by the first supporting member 322, so that the supporting frame 2 is maintained in the horizontal state.
S106: after the refining slag or the molten steel is poured out, the base 1 is moved to the tapping position of the primary smelting furnace 14 to wait for receiving the molten steel after the furnace body is restored to the horizontal position.
In this step, the base 1 can be slid on the rails 13 to the tapping position of the primary smelting furnace 14. In order to improve the sulfur capacity of the refining slag, part of lime and other slag can be supplemented in the next furnace refining, for example, about 5kg of slag is supplemented for each ton of steel.
In the liquid metal refining method, the primary smelting furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15 are compactly arranged, so that molten steel can be directly refined in the liquid metal refining device 15, the molten steel does not need to be circulated when being transferred between the primary smelting furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15, the heat loss of the molten steel is reduced, and low-temperature steel tapping of the primary smelting furnace is realized. In addition, the liquid metal refining device can realize slag-free tapping, so that the cleanliness of molten steel is improved later, the recycling level of refining slag can be improved through later partial slag tapping operation, the refining slag is directly recycled in a furnace body, the treatment amount of the refining slag in a steel plant is reduced, the site and the operating cost are saved, the consumption of slag materials and electric energy is reduced, the recycling of the refining slag can reduce slagging materials such as lime and fluorite, the consumption of steel per ton is about 10kg, the slagging speed can be increased, the smelting period of the liquid metal refining device is shortened, the corrosion resistance of materials is reduced, and the consumption of electricity per steel ton is about 5 degrees.
The bottom that adopts to have steel-tapping hole 42 in this application is the furnace body 4 of eccentric circle, replaces traditional ladle splendid attire molten steel through this furnace body 4 and carries out the technology theory of refining operation, so, has replaced the refining function of ladle, has reduced the consumption of ladle resistant material, has also reduced the inclusion that gets into the molten steel, has reduced the power consumption of liquid metal refining device in addition and has also reduced the comprehensive resistant material consumption of refining link.
All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional. A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable people skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, which cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A liquid metal refining apparatus, characterized in that the liquid metal refining apparatus comprises:
a base;
the supporting frame is arranged above the base, the base is connected with the supporting frame through a turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism enables the supporting frame to turn on one side in a first direction and a second direction which are opposite;
the furnace body is arranged on the supporting frame, a slag hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the first direction, a steel tapping hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the second direction, the height of the slag hole is higher than that of the steel tapping hole, and a drainage mechanism is arranged on the furnace body and used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body.
2. A liquid metal refining apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tilting mechanism comprises: the upper end of the guide post is hinged with the support frame; control the braced frame to the first side upset control mechanism of one side upset of first direction, first side upset control mechanism includes:
the lower end of the first supporting piece is hinged with the first base, and the upper end of the first supporting piece is used for abutting against the supporting frame; the first hydraulic unit is connected with the first support and can stretch out and draw back, and when the first hydraulic unit stretches out and draws back, the first support can rotate;
a second side-tipping control mechanism that controls the tipping of the support frame to one side of the second direction, the second side-tipping control mechanism comprising:
the lower end of the second supporting piece is hinged with the second base, and the upper end of the second supporting piece is used for abutting against the supporting frame; and the second hydraulic unit is connected to the second support piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the second hydraulic unit can enable the first support piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back.
3. A liquid metal refining device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:
the lower end of the third supporting piece is hinged with the third base, and the height of the upper end of the third supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the first supporting piece; a third telescopic hydraulic unit connected to the third support member, wherein the third hydraulic unit can rotate the third support member when telescopic;
the second side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:
the lower end of the fourth supporting piece is hinged with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the second supporting piece; and the fourth hydraulic unit is connected to the fourth supporting piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the fourth hydraulic unit can enable the fourth supporting piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back.
4. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a vacuum pumping device; the furnace cover is used for sealing the furnace body, and the vacuumizing device is connected with the furnace cover through a pipeline.
5. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: the electrode mechanism penetrates through the furnace cover and is used for heating molten steel; and the conductive cross arm mechanism is connected with the electrode mechanism and is used for lifting the electrode.
6. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the vessel is eccentrically disposed with a projection, and the tap hole is located at the projection of the bottom of the vessel.
7. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the tap hole is provided in a side wall of the vessel body.
8. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: the powder spraying mechanism is used for spraying powdery flux to the interior of the furnace body and is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body; and the dust removal mechanism is connected with the furnace cover and is used for purifying the flue gas.
9. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the base is movable in a sliding manner on rails.
10. A liquid metal refining apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: the furnace cover can be lifted and lowered, and can be matched with the furnace body to seal the inside of the furnace body.
11. A liquid metal smelting system, comprising: a liquid metal refining unit and a primary refining furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 10;
the primary smelting furnace comprises: the primary smelting furnace comprises a primary smelting furnace body, wherein the bottom of the primary smelting furnace body is provided with an opening capable of being opened and closed;
a tapping state is provided between the liquid metal refining apparatus and the primary smelting furnace, and in the tapping state: the drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below the opening of the primary refining furnace, and the opening of the furnace body of the primary refining furnace is opened, so that molten steel in the furnace body of the primary refining furnace can flow out of the opening and flow into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism.
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| CN201921031505.9U CN210856207U (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Liquid metal refining device and liquid metal smelting system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112176149A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-01-05 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Liquid metal refining device, liquid metal smelting system and refining method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112176149A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-01-05 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Liquid metal refining device, liquid metal smelting system and refining method |
| CN112176149B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2023-09-29 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Liquid metal refining device, liquid metal smelting system and refining method |
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