CN110257588B - Liquid metal smelting system and smelting method - Google Patents
Liquid metal smelting system and smelting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110257588B CN110257588B CN201910597762.7A CN201910597762A CN110257588B CN 110257588 B CN110257588 B CN 110257588B CN 201910597762 A CN201910597762 A CN 201910597762A CN 110257588 B CN110257588 B CN 110257588B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- liquid metal
- furnace
- furnace body
- molten steel
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 217
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 217
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 209
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- PWKWDCOTNGQLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Ar] Chemical compound [N].[Ar] PWKWDCOTNGQLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a liquid metal smelting system and a smelting method, wherein the system comprises a primary smelting furnace and a liquid metal refining device; a furnace body of the primary smelting furnace is provided with a steel tapping hole which can be opened and closed; and in a tapping state, the drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below the tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace, so that the molten steel in the furnace body of the primary smelting furnace can flow out of the tapping hole and directly flow into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism. In the system, the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device are directly connected, and the connection of a steel ladle is eliminated between the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device. The invention can directly tap steel into the refining furnace from the primary smelting furnace without steel ladle tapping, thereby effectively reducing the temperature drop of molten steel; meanwhile, slag-free tapping to a continuous casting ladle can be realized, on one hand, casting residue is not left in the ladle to improve the metal yield and the quality of molten steel, and on the other hand, refining slag can be recycled to reduce the slag charge consumption and the power consumption in the refining process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a liquid metal smelting system and a smelting method, belonging to the technical field of metallurgy.
Background
Various refining technologies are presented to solve specific problems required to be solved by a manufacturer, and are closely combined with specific conditions of factories, equipment, processes and the like of the manufacturer. Although various external refining methods are different, any method strives to create optimal thermodynamic and kinetic conditions for accomplishing a certain refining task, so that the various existing refining methods have a common place in terms of the refining means employed. The external refining methods used so far include: slag washing, vacuum, stirring, blowing and heating. In addition, the continuous casting tundish is filtered. At present, the external refining methods with various names are different combinations of the five refining methods, and one or more methods are adopted to form the external refining method, as shown in figure 1. Slag washing: the simplest refining means which can obtain clean molten steel and properly perform deoxidation, desulfurization and inclusion removal is provided. The prepared synthetic slag (smelted in a special slag smelting furnace) is poured into a ladle, and molten steel and the synthetic slag are fully mixed under the impact action of steel flow during tapping, so that refining tasks such as deoxidation, desulfurization, inclusion removal and the like are completed. Vacuum: molten steel is placed in a vacuum chamber, and the reaction is moved to the direction of generated gas phase due to the vacuum effect, so as to achieve the purposes of degassing, deoxidizing, decarbonizing and the like. Vacuum is a widely used means in external refining. Stirring: the reaction interface is enlarged by stirring, the transfer process of reaction substances is accelerated, and the reaction speed is improved. The stirring method includes air-blowing stirring and electromagnetic stirring. Heating: an important means for adjusting the temperature of molten steel is to better connect steel making and continuous casting. The heating method includes an arc heating method and a chemical heating method. Blowing: a means for adding the reactant to the molten metal using a gas as a carrier. The metallurgical function of the blowing depends on the type of the refining agent, and the blowing can complete refining tasks of desulfurization, deoxidation, alloying, inclusion morphology control and the like to different degrees.
At present, steel plants generally adopt a production mode of a primary smelting furnace (a converter or an electric arc furnace), an LF furnace (a ladle refining furnace), vacuum refining and a continuous casting machine (or die casting), and some steel plants are also provided with Vacuum refining devices such as a VD (Vacuum Degassing) refining method or an RH Vacuum circulation Degassing refining method. The LF furnace mainly aims at alloying, desulfurizing, removing inclusions, heating molten steel and buffering the production rhythm. With the wide adoption of the external refining technology, the ladle is not only a container for transporting and casting molten steel, but also a steel slag reactor for external refining, so that the residence time of the molten steel in the ladle is prolonged. Therefore, the initial furnace or the LF furnace is required to be tapped at a higher tapping temperature. The temperature of the molten steel is increased, the corrosion of the steel ladle refractory is increased, and the heat loss of the steel ladle is also increased. The temperature of molten steel in the continuous casting process has great influence on the quality of a casting blank of a continuous casting machine. The temperature of the molten steel is higher, so that the blank shell of the casting blank is thinned and the thickness of the casting blank is uneven, steel leakage is caused or the pulling speed is forced to be reduced, the secondary oxidation of the molten steel and the corrosion of a lining refractory material are aggravated, and various defects such as bulging, internal cracking and the like are generated. On the contrary, if the pouring temperature is lower, the water gap of the tundish is also caused to be condensed, so that a cold shell is formed at the liquid level of the steel in the crystallizer, and the surface quality of the casting blank is deteriorated. Therefore, the temperature control of the molten steel is one of the important tasks of the external refining.
Aiming at the problems that the temperature of molten steel fluctuates greatly in the production process and the temperature control in the process is influenced, the temperature drop of the molten steel is reduced by adopting the technologies of strengthening the baking of a steel ladle, improving the heat transfer of the steel ladle, optimizing the structure and the components of a lining of the steel ladle, adding a heat insulating agent in the molten steel operation process, covering the steel ladle in the pouring process, covering the steel ladle in the whole process of the steel ladle and the like.
And after the molten steel is poured, the LF refining top slag and the steel ladle residual steel are poured into a slag pan and transferred to a steel slag treatment plant for treatment, the waste steel is mainly recycled in the treatment process, and the slag is comprehensively utilized. The ladle top slag after LF refining has the characteristics of high alkalinity, low oxidation and low melting point, and meanwhile, the temperature is higher, the fluidity is better, the repeated utilization can reduce the using amount of slagging materials such as lime, fluorite and the like, the slagging speed is improved, the corrosion of refractory materials is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, the recycling of the residual steel of the ladle after casting can be realized, and the metal yield is improved.
Therefore, providing a novel liquid metal smelting system and a smelting method thereof has become a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant found that the existing steel plants generally adopt a primary furnace (converter or electric furnace) + LF furnace + (vacuum refining) to smelt qualified molten steel, and a ladle as a part of the refining furnace, including LF furnace treatment and vacuum treatment, are carried out in the ladle. After the smelting temperature and components of the primary smelting furnace are qualified, tapping into a ladle, and transporting to an LF furnace station through a casting crane or a ladle car for refining treatment. And when the ladle reaches the LF furnace treatment position, lowering the furnace cover and the electrodes, carrying out power transmission and argon (nitrogen) blowing stirring operation, adding lime and fluorite into the ladle for slagging in the power transmission process, heating to a specified temperature, carrying out sampling analysis, and calculating the amount of alloy to be added. When the temperature and the components are qualified, the ladle is lifted to a continuous casting machine rotary table by a casting crane for continuous casting operation or lifted to vacuum treatment operation for vacuum treatment, wherein the vacuum treatment can adopt RH, a single-nozzle refining furnace or VD (VOD) and the like. In the process of vacuum refining, the temperature of the molten steel is obviously reduced due to the circular flow of the molten steel, and the molten steel needs to be subjected to heat preservation treatment in the process. Meanwhile, the temperature drop after refining is considered, so the temperature of the molten steel at the end of the primary furnace and the LF furnace is required to be higher than the temperature required by continuous casting of the molten steel.
In addition, the LF furnace refining mainly adopts a high-alkalinity slag system to improve the internal quality of molten steel, the main component of the slag system is CaO with the mass ratio of 40-50%, and the CaO and Al in the ladle lining at the refining temperature 2 O 3 Forming a low-melting substance C 2 AS and other substances cause the corrosion of the steel ladle lining to be serious, the corroded product enters molten steel, and large-particle substances can float up to the surface of the molten steel to form furnace slag due to the fact that the density of the product is lighter than that of the molten steel and can be achieved after a period of time. When the refining is completed, the slag charge added during the refining is melted so that the slag floats on the surface of the molten steel. At the end of the continuous casting process, vortex flow can occur, through-type air suction vortex can be generated under severe conditions, top slag on the surface of molten steel is drawn into a tundish, some crushed slag particles can float upwards to be removed, and some crushed slag particles are left in the steel to form inclusions.
The steel ladle is used as a refining furnace, refractory materials of the steel ladle are easy to fall off, the refractory materials with larger granularity float to the surface of molten steel after being soft blown, and formed inclusion with smaller granularity is left in the molten steel to pollute the molten steel. In consideration of vacuum refining and continuous casting waiting time, the LF refining temperature is generally increased, and the high temperature further increases the corrosion of ladle refractory. Tapping is carried out after the smelting of the primary smelting furnace is finished, molten steel enters a steel ladle for refining, temperature drop inevitably occurs in the processes of tapping, steel ladle transportation and waiting, and the tapping temperature of the primary smelting furnace is increased except for heat preservation. If the primary smelting temperature is too high, the refractory life of the primary smelting furnace is reduced, and the refractory life of the ladle is also reduced. In the continuous casting process, in order to improve the metal yield as much as possible, molten steel is always expected to enter a continuous casting machine as much as possible, and the amount of remaining steel is reduced, so that slag entrapment, molten steel pollution and continuous casting billet quality influence inevitably occur. The excessive steel amount can reduce the slag and improve the quality of continuous casting billets, but can reduce the yield of molten steel. In order to reduce the quantity of refining slag as much as possible in a ladle on a continuous casting machine, less slag refining or even slag-free refining is required, so that the slag entrapment in the continuous casting link is reduced.
In order to solve the above disadvantages and shortcomings, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid metal smelting system and a smelting method, which can directly tap steel from a primary furnace without tapping steel into a refining furnace, thereby effectively reducing the temperature drop of molten steel; meanwhile, the steel can be continuously cast from the slag-free steel ladle, so that on one hand, casting residue does not exist in the steel ladle to improve the metal yield and the quality of molten steel, and on the other hand, the refining slag can be repeatedly utilized to reduce the consumption of slag and electricity in the refining process.
In order to achieve the above objects, in one aspect, the present invention provides a liquid metal smelting system, wherein the liquid metal smelting system includes a primary smelting furnace and a liquid metal refining device;
a furnace body of the primary smelting furnace is provided with a steel tapping hole which can be opened and closed; and in a tapping state, a drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below a tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace, so that molten steel in a furnace body of the primary smelting furnace can flow out of the tapping hole and directly flow into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, the metallurgical functions of the primary smelting furnace comprise temperature rise, melting, dephosphorization and decarburization; the metallurgical functions of the liquid metal refining device comprise temperature rise, deoxidation, desulfurization, alloying, degassing and impurity removal.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the liquid metal refining device is fixed on a furnace body transport vehicle and moves relative to the primary smelting furnace through a rail, and in a tapping state, the drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device can be positioned below a tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, the primary furnace may be a primary furnace conventionally used in the art, for example, the primary furnace may be a steelmaking electric arc furnace or a steelmaking converter.
According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the tapping state refers to a state in which a tapping hole provided in a furnace body of the primary furnace is opened.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus includes:
a base;
the supporting frame is arranged above the base, the base is connected with the supporting frame through a turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism enables the supporting frame to turn on one side in a first direction and a second direction which are opposite;
the furnace body is arranged on the supporting frame, a slag hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the first direction, a steel tapping hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the second direction, the height of the slag hole is higher than that of the steel tapping hole, and a drainage mechanism is arranged on the furnace body and used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the turning mechanism comprises: the upper end of the guide post is hinged with the support frame; control the braced frame to the first side upset control mechanism of one side upset of first direction, first side upset control mechanism includes:
the lower end of the first supporting piece is hinged with the first base, and the upper end of the first supporting piece is used for propping against the supporting frame; the first hydraulic unit is connected with the first support and can stretch out and draw back, and when the first hydraulic unit stretches out and draws back, the first support can rotate;
a second side-tipping control mechanism that controls the tipping of the support frame to one side of the second direction, the second side-tipping control mechanism comprising:
the lower end of the second supporting piece is hinged with the second base, and the upper end of the second supporting piece is used for abutting against the supporting frame; the second hydraulic unit is connected to the second supporting piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the second hydraulic unit can enable the first supporting piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the first side-tipping control mechanism further includes:
the lower end of the third supporting piece is hinged with the third base, and the height of the upper end of the third supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the first supporting piece; the telescopic third hydraulic unit is connected to the third supporting piece and can enable the third supporting piece to rotate when the third hydraulic unit is telescopic;
the second side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:
the lower end of the fourth supporting piece is hinged with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the second supporting piece; and the fourth hydraulic unit is connected to the fourth supporting piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the fourth hydraulic unit can enable the fourth supporting piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus further includes: and the vacuumizing device is connected with the furnace cover through a pipeline.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus further includes: the electrode mechanism penetrates through the furnace cover and is used for heating molten steel; and the conductive cross arm mechanism is connected with the electrode mechanism and is used for lifting the electrode.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the bottom of the furnace body is eccentrically provided with a projection, and the tap hole is located at the projection of the bottom of the furnace body.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the slag hole is provided on a side wall of the furnace body.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus further includes: the powder spraying mechanism is used for spraying powdery flux to the interior of the furnace body and is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body; and the dust removal mechanism is connected with the furnace cover and is used for purifying the flue gas.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, the base is preferably movable in a sliding manner on rails.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting system, preferably, the liquid metal refining apparatus further includes: the furnace cover can be lifted and lowered, and can be matched with the furnace body to seal the inside of the furnace body.
In the liquid metal smelting system provided by the invention, the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device are directly connected (directly connected without a ladle) to carry out duplex smelting, and ladle connection is eliminated between the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a liquid metal smelting method, wherein the liquid metal smelting method utilizes the liquid metal smelting system, and the method comprises the following steps:
after the molten steel in the primary smelting furnace meets the requirements, the drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below the steel tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace, so that the molten steel in the furnace body of the primary smelting furnace flows out of the steel tapping hole and directly flows into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism;
and moving the base of the liquid metal refining device to a refining working position, and lowering the furnace cover to ensure that the furnace cover is matched and sealed with the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device, so as to carry out refining operation on the molten steel in the furnace body.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the liquid metal smelting method further comprises the following steps:
after the refined molten steel meets the requirements, the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device is inclined towards the steel outlet through the turnover mechanism so that the molten steel in the furnace body is poured into a ladle;
when the molten steel in the ladle reaches the designated capacity, after the molten steel is poured out, the furnace body is restored to the horizontal position through the turnover mechanism;
and after the furnace body is restored to the horizontal position, enabling a drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device to be positioned below a steel tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace to wait for receiving molten steel.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the liquid metal smelting method further comprises the following steps: and after the molten steel is refined, moving the base to a vacuum refining working position so as to perform vacuum treatment on the molten steel in the furnace body.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting method, preferably, the first hydraulic unit is shortened, the furnace body is inclined to one side of the first direction to pour out a part of the refined slag in the furnace body, and the upper end of the third supporter abuts against the supporting frame;
when the second hydraulic unit is shortened, the furnace body inclines to one side of the second direction so that the furnace body inclines to the steel tapping hole, and the upper end of the fourth supporting piece abuts against the supporting frame.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting method, preferably, a heat-insulating covering agent is added to the ladle, and the ladle car loaded with the ladle is driven to a hoisting position and hoisted to a continuous casting machine for casting.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid metal smelting method, preferably, the base may be moved in a sliding manner on a rail.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the liquid metal smelting method further comprises the following steps: after the furnace body is restored to the horizontal position, the furnace body is inclined towards the slag outlet through the turnover mechanism so as to pour out partial refined slag in the furnace body.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:
the liquid metal smelting system and the smelting method provided by the invention can directly tap steel from the primary smelting furnace without steel ladle into the refining furnace, thereby effectively reducing the temperature drop of molten steel; meanwhile, slag-free tapping to a continuous casting ladle can be realized, on one hand, casting residue is not left in the ladle to improve the metal yield and the quality of molten steel, and on the other hand, refining slag can be recycled to reduce the slag charge consumption and the power consumption in the refining process;
the liquid metal smelting system and the smelting method provided by the invention compress the interval time between the primary smelting furnace (electric furnace/converter) and the refining furnace, reduce the heat loss, reduce the tapping temperature of the smelting furnace and are beneficial to saving energy; the sealed connection between the smelting primary smelting furnace (electric furnace/converter) and the refining furnace can be realized, and the secondary oxidation and nitrogen absorption in the tapping process are reduced; the running rhythm of an electric furnace steel plant is accelerated, and multi-furnace continuous casting or high-pulling-speed continuous casting of a continuous casting machine is facilitated; is beneficial to the recycling of the refining slag and can reduce the consumption of the slag charge of the refining furnace.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of various external refining processes;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is an elevational view of a first side upset control mechanism of the liquid metal refining apparatus of the embodiment of the subject application;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a first side tilt control mechanism of the liquid metal refining apparatus of the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application turned to one side in a first direction;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application turned to one side in a second direction;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the liquid metal refining unit of the present application sliding in different operating positions;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid metal smelting system in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals of the above figures:
1. a base; 2. a support frame; 3. a turnover mechanism; 31. a guide post; 32. a first side-tipping control mechanism; 321. a first base; 322. a first support; 323. a first hydraulic unit; 324. a third base; 325. a third support member; 326. a third hydraulic unit; 327. a first hydraulic cylinder unit; 33. a second side turnover control mechanism; 331. a second hydraulic cylinder unit; 34. a hydraulic station; 4. a furnace body; 41. a slag outlet; 42. a steel tapping hole; 43. a projection; 5. a drainage mechanism; 6. a furnace cover; 7. a vacuum pumping device; 8. an electrode mechanism; 9. a conductive cross arm mechanism; 10. a transformer; 11. a powder spraying mechanism; 13. a track; 14. a primary smelting furnace; 141. a primary smelting furnace body; 142. a steel tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace; 15. a liquid metal refining device.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, indirect connections through intermediaries, and the like. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In order to directly tap steel from the primary smelting furnace without steel ladle into the refining furnace, the temperature drop of the molten steel is effectively reduced; meanwhile, slag-free tapping to a continuous casting ladle can be realized, on one hand, casting residues are not left in the ladle to improve the metal yield and the molten steel quality, on the other hand, refining residues can be recycled to reduce the slag charge consumption and the power consumption in the refining process, and the liquid metal smelting system is provided in the application, the structural schematic diagram of the liquid metal smelting system is shown in figure 9, and as can be seen from figure 9, the liquid metal smelting system comprises a primary smelting furnace 14 and a liquid metal refining device 15;
the primary furnace 14 is used for melting metal, and a steel outlet 142 which can be opened and closed is arranged at the bottom of a furnace body 141 of the primary furnace 14; in the tapping state (i.e., the tapping hole 142 is opened), the drainage mechanism 5 of the liquid metal refining device 15 is positioned below the tapping hole 142 of the primary smelting furnace 14, so that the molten steel in the body 141 of the primary smelting furnace 14 can flow out of the tapping hole 142 and directly flow into the body 4 of the liquid metal refining device 15 through the drainage mechanism 5;
in the embodiment, the liquid metal smelting system is not provided with a steel ladle, and can realize that steel is directly tapped into the refining furnace from the primary smelting furnace without tapping steel from the steel ladle, so that the temperature drop of molten steel can be effectively reduced.
In the embodiment, the liquid metal refining device is fixed on the furnace body transport vehicle and moves relative to the primary smelting furnace through a rail, and in a tapping state, a drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below a tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace;
in this embodiment, the primary furnace 14 may be an electric arc furnace or a converter furnace as is conventional in the art.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 3 is a side view of the liquid metal refining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may include: a base 1; the supporting frame 2 is arranged above the base 1, the base 1 and the supporting frame 2 are connected through a turnover mechanism 3, and the turnover mechanism 3 enables the supporting frame 2 to turn on one side in a first direction and a second direction which are opposite; the furnace body 4 is arranged on the supporting frame 2, a slag hole 41 is formed in one side of the furnace body 4 in the first direction, a steel tapping hole 42 is formed in one side of the furnace body 4 in the second direction, the height of the slag hole 41 is higher than that of the steel tapping hole 42, a flow guiding mechanism 5 is installed on the furnace body 4, and the flow guiding mechanism 5 is used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body 4.
Turnover mechanism 3 among this application liquid metal refining equipment 15 can make braced frame 2 can be towards being opposite first direction and second direction and turning on one's side, and the height that is located the tap hole 42 that is located second direction one side of highly being higher than of the slag notch 41 of first direction one side, so, can realize when furnace body 4 goes out the molten steel that the operation that the slag was stayed to the steel and does not have slag tapping refining process purpose, can reuse the slag in the refining back furnace body like this in the future, practices thrift slag charge and power consumption.
In order to better understand the liquid metal refining apparatus of the present application, it will be further explained and illustrated below. Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the liquid metal refining apparatus of the embodiment of the present application sliding in different operating positions, and as shown in fig. 3 and 8, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 can be moved in various ways, such as by mechanical handling, in different operating positions. In a preferred embodiment, the base 1 has a plurality of rollers, which may be in two rows, located on two sides of the base 1, and are engaged with the rails 13. The track 13 can be laid between different operating positions of the liquid metal refining unit 15 so that the liquid metal refining unit 15 can be moved quickly, efficiently and safely by sliding the liquid metal refining unit 15 on the track 13. The base 1 may extend substantially horizontally and may be able to withstand large loads, and may be made of steel plate in general. Liquid metal refining device 15 in this application can switch between different operating position through track 13 to can directly carry out refining operation to the molten steel, so replace traditional ladle splendid attire molten steel to carry out refined technology theory.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a supporting frame 2 may be disposed above the base 1, and the supporting frame 2 is used for supporting the furnace body 4. The base 1 and the supporting frame 2 are connected through a turnover mechanism 3. The turnover mechanism 3 can make the supporting frame 2 turn over in the first direction and the second direction which are opposite, so that the furnace body 4 on the supporting frame 2 can incline in the first direction or the second direction to pour out the molten steel or the refining slag in the furnace body 4.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the turnover mechanism 3 may include: the upper end of the guide post 31 is hinged with the support frame 2; a first side-turning control mechanism 32 that controls turning of the support frame 2 to one side in the first direction; and a second side-turn control mechanism 33 for controlling the turning of the support frame 2 to one side in the second direction.
Wherein, the guide post 31 bears most of the weight of the support frame 2 and the furnace body 4, the lower end of the guide post 31 is fixedly connected with the base 1, and the upper end of the guide post 31 is hinged with the support frame 2 so that the support frame 2 can incline or rotate around the guide post 31 to the first direction and the second direction.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a first side-flip control mechanism of a liquid metal refining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 5 is a side view of the first side-flip control mechanism of the liquid metal refining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first side-flip control mechanism 32 may include: a first base 321 fixedly arranged on the base 1, a first support 322, wherein the lower end of the first support 322 is hinged with the first base 321, and the upper end of the first support 322 is used for abutting against the support frame 2; a first hydraulic unit 323 capable of telescoping is connected to the first support 322, and the first hydraulic unit 323 can rotate the first support 322 when telescoping. The lower end of the first hydraulic unit 323 is hinged to the base 1. Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the liquid metal refining apparatus of the embodiment of the present application turned to one side in the first direction, and as shown in fig. 6, when the first hydraulic unit 323 is extended, the first support member 322 rotates around the first base 321 until it rotates to a vertical state, and at this time, the upper end of the first support member 322 abuts against the support frame 2, and the support frame 2 is substantially in a horizontal position. When the first hydraulic unit 323 is contracted, the first supporting member 322 rotates around the first base 321 until it rotates to have a certain angle with the vertical direction, at this time, the height of the upper end of the first supporting member 322 is lowered, and the supporting frame 2 rotates around the guide post 31 to incline to the first direction side.
The second side-flipping control mechanism 33 may include: a second base fixedly arranged on the base 1; the lower end of the second supporting piece is hinged with the second base, and the upper end of the second supporting piece is used for propping against the supporting frame 2; a second hydraulic unit connected to the second support member and capable of extending and retracting, wherein the second hydraulic unit can rotate the first support member 322 when extending and retracting. The lower end of the second hydraulic unit is hinged with the base 1. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the liquid metal refining apparatus in the embodiment of the present application turning to one side in the second direction, and as shown in fig. 7, the operation mechanism of the second side-turning control mechanism 33 is similar to that of the first side-turning control mechanism 32, and is not repeated herein.
In order to keep the support frame 2 at a certain tilt angle after tilting, as shown in fig. 4, the first side-tipping control mechanism 32 may include: a third base 324 fixedly provided on the base 1; a third support 325, the lower end of the third support 325 is hinged with the third base 324, and the height of the upper end of the third support 325 is lower than that of the upper end of the first support 322; a third hydraulic unit 326 capable of telescoping and connected to the third support 325, wherein the third hydraulic unit 326 is capable of rotating the third support 325 when telescoping. The lower end of the third hydraulic unit 326 is hinged to the base 1. When the first supporting member 322 and the third supporting member 325 are both in the vertical state, the height of the upper end of the third supporting member 325 is lower than the height of the upper end of the first supporting member 322, so that when the supporting frame 2 is inclined to a certain inclination angle, the third supporting member 325 is in the vertical state, the third supporting member 325 is abutted against the supporting frame 2, and at this time, the third supporting member 325 can bear the weight of the supporting frame 2 and the furnace body 4. When the third hydraulic unit 326 is maintained in the extended state, the third supporter 325 can be stably maintained in the vertical state without a problem of weak support, thereby ensuring safety and reliability when the support frame 2 is inclined. The second side-flipping control mechanism 33 may then include: a fourth base fixedly arranged on the base 1; the lower end of the fourth supporting piece is hinged with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the second supporting piece; and the fourth hydraulic unit is connected to the fourth supporting piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the fourth hydraulic unit can enable the fourth supporting piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back. The lower end of the fourth hydraulic unit is hinged with the base 1. The operation principle of the second side-tipping control mechanism 33 is similar to that of the first side-tipping control mechanism 32, and is not described in detail herein. A hydraulic station 34 in communication with the hydraulic units may be provided on the base 1, the hydraulic station 34 providing hydraulic pressure to each hydraulic unit.
As shown in fig. 3, the first side-tipping control mechanism 32 may include: the first hydraulic cylinder unit 327 has an upper end hinged to the support frame 2 and a lower end hinged to the base 1. The first cylinder unit 327 is disposed on a side biased in the first direction, and the second cylinder unit 331 is disposed on a side biased in the second direction. When the supporting frame 2 needs to be restored to the horizontal state, one side of the supporting frame 2 can be supported by adjusting the lengths of the first hydraulic cylinder unit 327 and the second hydraulic cylinder unit 331, and then the supporting frame 2 is supported by the first supporting member 322 or the second supporting member, so that the supporting frame 2 is maintained in the horizontal state. The second side-flip control mechanism 33 may include: the second hydraulic cylinder unit 331 has an upper end hinged to the support frame 2 and a lower end hinged to the base 1.
The upper parts of the hydraulic units can be shielded and protected by adopting cover plates, and the upper surfaces of the cover plates can be sprayed with refractory castable.
The furnace body 4 sets up in braced frame 2, can fix through the round pin axle at four angles between furnace body 4 and braced frame 2. The furnace body 4 adopts a circular water-cooling structure or a refractory material structure. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the furnace body 4 has a slag hole 41 formed at one side in the first direction, the furnace body 4 has a steel outlet 42 formed at one side in the second direction, and the slag hole 41 is higher than the steel outlet 42. Specifically, the slag hole 41 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 4. The bottom of the furnace body 4 may be eccentrically arranged with a bulge 43 facing in the second direction, and the tap hole 42 is located at the bulge 43 at the bottom of the furnace body 4. Through the structure, the molten steel at the bottom in the furnace body 4 can be quickly and conveniently discharged into the ladle from the steel outlet 42 at the bottom, and the refining slag on the upper layer of the molten steel in the furnace body 4 can not be mixed in and poured out, so that the aim of slag-free steel tapping can be achieved. Moreover, the tap hole 42 is located at the second direction side of the furnace body 4, so that the placement of the ladle can be facilitated, and thus, when the furnace body 4 is tilted, the molten steel of the furnace body 4 directly falls to the second direction side through the tap hole 42 and directly enters the ladle placed at the second direction side. The slag hole 41 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 4 on the first direction side, so that the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is directly poured to the first direction side through the slag hole 41 when the furnace body 4 is tilted.
When the furnace body 4 adopts a water cooling structure, the water cooling pipeline and the furnace body 4 can be connected by adopting a quick connector.
As shown in FIG. 2, a flow guide mechanism 5 can be installed on the furnace body 4, and the flow guide mechanism 5 is used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body 4. The flow guide mechanism 5 may be disposed on the side of the furnace body 4, i.e., on the side at about 90 degrees to the first direction or the second direction. High-temperature refractory castable is built in the drainage mechanism 5. The drainage mechanism 5 and the furnace body 4 can be connected through bolts, so that the drainage mechanism 5 can be quickly replaced. When the refractory castable on the drainage mechanism 5 needs to be poured again, the connecting bolt can be detached, the drainage mechanism 5 is integrally detached, then a new poured and baked drainage mechanism 5 is replaced, and finally the gap between the drainage mechanism 5 and the furnace body 4 is plugged by refractory mortar.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid metal refining apparatus may include: a furnace cover 6 capable of lifting, and the furnace cover 6 can be matched with the furnace body 4 to seal the inside of the furnace body 4. The furnace cover 6 can be lifted and lowered in the vertical direction, and when the furnace body 4 needs to be sealed, the furnace cover 6 is lowered to cover the upper part of the furnace body 4. The furnace cover 6 can be connected with a furnace cover 6 lifting and rotating system, and the furnace cover 6 can be lifted and also can rotate through the furnace cover 6 lifting and rotating system, so that the furnace cover 6 is in sealing fit with the furnace body 4 in a rotating mode.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may include: the electrode mechanism 8 penetrates through the furnace cover 6, and the electrode mechanism 8 is used for heating molten steel; and the conductive cross arm mechanism 9 is connected with the electrode mechanism 8, and the conductive cross arm mechanism 9 is used for lifting the electrode. The furnace cover 6 can be lifted up and down by lifting and lowering the electrodes. The electrode means 8 is in electrical communication with a transformer 10, the transformer 10 providing the electrode means 8 with the required voltage.
As shown in fig. 8, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may include: and the vacuumizing device 7 is connected with the furnace cover 6 through a pipeline, and the vacuumizing device 7 is connected with the furnace cover 6 through a pipeline. When the vacuum refining operation of the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is needed, the base 1 can carry the furnace body 4 to open to a vacuum refining working position, the furnace cover 6 is lowered to be sealed with the furnace body 4, and the space between the furnace body 4 and the furnace cover 6 is vacuumized through the vacuumizing device 7, so that the vacuum refining operation can be carried out. When the vacuum refining operation is carried out, the vacuum refining operation can be carried out by directly inserting the immersion pipe of the RH or single-nozzle vacuum refining furnace below the liquid level of the molten steel, or the vacuum refining operation can be carried out by covering the furnace body 4 of the refining furnace through a special furnace cover 6.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 may include: the powder spraying mechanism 11 is used for spraying powder flux into the furnace body 4, and the powder spraying mechanism 11 is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 4. The powdery flux can be a desulfurizer, and the molten steel is subjected to deep desulfurization treatment by the desulfurizer.
The liquid metal refining device 15 may include a dust removing mechanism connected to the furnace cover 6, the dust removing mechanism being for purifying the flue gas generated in the furnace body 4. The dust removing mechanism can comprise a bag-type dust remover, and flue gas generated in the furnace body 4 enters the bag-type dust remover for purification after being mixed with air.
As shown in fig. 3, the furnace body 4 of the liquid metal refining device 15 may include a lower furnace shell and an upper furnace shell, wherein the lower furnace shell adopts an eccentric furnace bottom design, and may be equipped with a bottom blowing system (capable of blowing nitrogen or argon, and switching to perform) to perform bottom blowing inert gas (nitrogen or argon) treatment, and the bottom blowing adopts air bricks; the furnace body 4 can adopt a circular water cooling structure or a refractory material structure; meanwhile, the furnace body 4 can be provided with an electromagnetic stirring system, which is beneficial to the rapid and uniform composition and temperature of molten steel and promotes the floating of inclusions. The bottom electromagnetic stirring system can be powered by an electrical plug, which can be pulled out when the liquid metal refining device 15 leaves the refining station.
In the liquid metal smelting system, molten steel can be directly discharged between the liquid metal refining device and the primary smelting furnace, and the use of a steel ladle is eliminated between the liquid metal refining device and the primary smelting furnace, so that the liquid metal smelting system has the following advantages: the interval time for transferring molten steel between the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device is shortened, the tapping temperature of the primary smelting furnace can be reduced, and energy is saved; the sealing degree of the primary smelting furnace and the liquid metal refining device during molten steel transfer can be improved, and secondary oxidation and nitrogen absorption of the molten steel in the tapping process are reduced; quickens the running rhythm of the electric furnace steel plant and is beneficial to multi-furnace continuous casting or high-pulling-speed continuous casting of a continuous casting machine.
The application also provides a liquid metal smelting method, which utilizes the liquid metal smelting system and comprises the following steps:
s101: when the molten steel in the primary furnace 14 is satisfactory, the pedestal 1 is moved to the tapping position of the primary furnace 14 (even if the tapping mechanism 5 of the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 is located below the tapping hole 142 of the primary furnace 14), and then the molten steel of the primary furnace 14 is poured into the tapping mechanism 5.
As shown in fig. 8, in this step, the primary furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15 may be disposed in close proximity or in the vicinity of each other, the liquid metal refining device 15 may be positioned on the laid rails 13, scrap, molten iron, pig iron, or the like may be smelted in the primary furnace 14, dephosphorization, decarburization, or the like may be performed, and after the temperature and composition of molten steel in the primary furnace 14 are acceptable, tapping may be prepared. The base 1 is slid on the rails 13 to the tapping position of the primary smelting furnace 14, and the flow guide means 5 of the liquid metal refining apparatus 15 is directed toward the primary smelting furnace 14 and is positioned below the outlet of the primary smelting furnace 14. The primary refining furnace 14 opens the tapping device, and the molten steel flows into the furnace body 4 of the liquid metal refining device 15 through the flow guide mechanism 5.
S102: the base 1 is moved to a refining position, and the furnace cover 6 is lowered to make the furnace cover 6 and the furnace body 4 matched and sealed, and the refining operation is carried out on the molten steel in the furnace body 4.
In this step, after the tapping is completed, as shown in fig. 8, the base 1 is slidably moved on the rails 13 to a refining operation position to be subjected to refining. The furnace cover 6 is lowered to fit and seal the furnace cover 6 with the furnace body 4, and the electrode mechanism 8 inserted on the furnace cover 6 is electrified to be heated. The molten steel in the liquid metal refining device 15 can be refined in a reducing atmosphere without opening the cover in the whole process. And a flux can be added for slagging so as to carry out molten steel refining operation. Along with the refining process, ferroalloy can be added, bottom blowing operation is carried out in the whole process, and nitrogen and argon can be switched to carry out bottom blowing operation according to steel types. When the molten steel needs to be subjected to deep desulfurization, desulfurization can also be performed by the furnace wall powder spraying mechanism 11. Specifically, for example, a deoxidation operation may be performed by adding a deoxidation alloy, and then a submerged arc refining operation may be performed by adding lime, fluorite, or the like to produce a high-basicity and high-fluidity reducing slag in an amount of about 15kg to 20kg per ton of steel, and bottom blowing an inert gas to remove inclusions in the entire refining process. And after the temperature is raised to about 1550 ℃, sampling and analyzing the molten steel, calculating the amount of alloy to be added, and adding about 5kg of steel slag modified slag at the later stage of refining. The temperature and the components of the molten steel can be measured by an automatic temperature measuring and sampling gun above the furnace cover 6, and the furnace body 4 can be tilted or the furnace cover 6 can be opened.
S103: if the vacuum refining operation is required, the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is vacuum-treated by sliding the base 1 to the vacuum refining position after the molten steel is refined.
In this step, if the vacuum refining operation is required, after the refining operation of the molten steel, the lid 6 of the refining operation position is raised, the base 1 is slid to the vacuum refining operation position as shown in fig. 8, the lid 6 of the vacuum refining operation position is lowered to fit the furnace body 4, and then the vacuum-pumping means 7 connected to the lid 6 is started to evacuate the space between the furnace body 4 and the lid 6. Of course, RH or single-nozzle refining furnace may be used for vacuum treatment of the molten steel in the furnace body 4.
S104: when the refined molten steel meets the requirements, the furnace body 4 is inclined towards the steel outlet 42 by the turnover mechanism 3 so that the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is poured into a steel ladle.
In this step, after the refined molten steel or the vacuum-treated molten steel meets the requirements, the steel is ready to be tapped, and the ladle car is moved to the tapping position of the liquid metal refining apparatus 15, i.e., the tapping hole 42, with the ladle. The second hydraulic unit is shortened, the furnace body 4 is tilted to one side of the second direction so that the furnace body 4 is tilted to the tap hole 42, and the upper end of the fourth supporter abuts against the support frame 2. The tap hole 42 is opened and molten steel is discharged into the ladle through the tap hole 42 at the bottom projection 43 of the furnace body 4, and since the tap hole 42 is located at the bottom of the furnace body 4, slag-free tapping is achieved during tapping. The molten steel is discharged as clean as possible, and the amount of the discharged slag is controlled to prevent the refined slag from being poured out from the steel outlet 42 as much as possible. The ladle can be added with a heat preservation covering agent, and the ton of steel is not more than 10kg. And (4) driving the ladle car loaded with the ladle to a hoisting position and hoisting the ladle car to a continuous casting machine for casting.
The liquid metal refining device 15 can adopt steel retention and slag retention operations, namely, the total amount of the molten steel in the furnace is larger than the capacity of the ladle, when the molten steel in the ladle reaches the specified capacity, the liquid metal refining device 15 restores the furnace body 4 to the horizontal position through the turnover mechanism, and redundant molten steel and refining slag can be retained in the furnace for refining of the next furnace.
After the completion of the steel tapping, the supporting frame 2 is restored to the horizontal state by the second hydraulic cylinder unit 331, and then the supporting frame 2 is pressed against by the second supporter so that the supporting frame 2 is maintained in the horizontal state.
S105: if the amount of the refining slag on the upper layer of the molten steel in the furnace body 4 is large and needs to be treated, the furnace body 4 is tilted toward the slag hole 41 by the tilting mechanism 3 after the molten steel is poured out so that part of the refining slag in the furnace body 4 is poured out.
In this step, the first hydraulic unit 323 is shortened, the furnace body 4 is tilted to one side in the first direction so that the furnace body 4 is tilted to the slag hole 41, and the upper end of the third support 325 abuts against the support frame 2. The tap hole 42 is opened and the tap hole 41 is opened, and the furnace body 4 taps into a slag pot below the furnace body 4. After tapping is finished, in order to ensure the refining effect of the next furnace, about 1/3 of the slag is discharged from each furnace, 2/3 of refining slag is left in the furnace body 4, and the refining slag is continuously used in the next furnace, so that the sulfur capacity of the refining slag is ensured to meet the desulfurization requirement. This step can be omitted if there is no requirement for the amount of the refining slag at the time of the next refining.
After the slag discharge is completed, the supporting frame 2 is restored to the horizontal state by the first hydraulic cylinder unit 327, and then the supporting frame 2 is pressed against by the first supporting member 322, so that the supporting frame 2 is maintained in the horizontal state.
S106: after the refining slag or the molten steel is poured out, the base 1 is moved to the tapping position of the primary refining furnace 14 to wait for receiving the molten steel when the furnace body is restored to the horizontal position.
In this step, the base 1 can be slid on the rails 13 to the tapping position of the primary smelting furnace 14. In order to improve the sulfur capacity of the refining slag, part of lime and other slag can be supplemented in the next furnace refining, for example, about 5kg of slag is supplemented for each ton of steel.
In the liquid metal refining method, the primary smelting furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15 are compactly arranged, so that molten steel can be directly refined in the liquid metal refining device 15, the molten steel does not need to be circulated when being transferred between the primary smelting furnace 14 and the liquid metal refining device 15, the heat loss of the molten steel is reduced, and low-temperature steel tapping of the primary smelting furnace is realized. In addition, the liquid metal refining device can realize slag-free tapping, so that the cleanliness of molten steel is improved later, the recycling level of refined slag can be improved through later partial slag tapping operation, the refined slag is directly recycled in a furnace body, the treatment amount of the refined slag in a steel plant is reduced, the field and operation cost is saved, the consumption of slag materials and electric energy is reduced, the recycling of the refined slag can reduce slagging materials such as lime and fluorite, the consumption of per ton of steel is about 10kg, the slagging speed can be increased, the smelting period of the liquid metal refining device is shortened, the corrosion resistance of materials is reduced, and the power consumption per ton of steel is about 5 degrees.
The bottom that adopts to have steel-tapping hole 42 in this application is the furnace body 4 of eccentric circle, replaces traditional ladle splendid attire molten steel through this furnace body 4 and carries out the technology theory of refining operation, so, has replaced the refining function of ladle, has reduced the consumption of ladle resistant material, has also reduced the inclusion that gets into the molten steel, has reduced the power consumption of liquid metal refining device in addition and has also reduced the comprehensive resistant material consumption of refining link.
All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of 8230to describe a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step and other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional. A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention by this means. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. The liquid metal smelting system is characterized by comprising a primary smelting furnace and a liquid metal refining device;
a furnace body of the primary smelting furnace is provided with a steel tapping hole which can be opened and closed; in a tapping state, a drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below a tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace, so that molten steel in a furnace body of the primary smelting furnace flows out of the tapping hole and directly flows into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism;
wherein, the metallurgical function of liquid metal refining device includes intensification, deoxidation, desulfurization, alloying, degasification, removes and mix with, and this liquid metal refining device includes:
a base;
the supporting frame is arranged above the base, the base is connected with the supporting frame through a turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism enables the supporting frame to turn on one side in a first direction and a second direction which are opposite;
the furnace body is arranged on the supporting frame, a slag hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the first direction, a steel tapping hole is formed in one side of the furnace body in the second direction, the height of the slag hole is higher than that of the steel tapping hole, and a drainage mechanism is arranged on the furnace body and used for receiving molten steel and guiding the molten steel into the furnace body;
the turnover mechanism comprises:
the upper end of the guide post is hinged with the support frame;
control the braced frame to the first side upset control mechanism of one side upset of first direction, first side upset control mechanism includes:
the lower end of the first supporting piece is hinged with the first base, and the upper end of the first supporting piece is used for propping against the supporting frame; the first hydraulic unit is connected with the first supporting piece and can stretch out and draw back, and the first hydraulic unit can enable the first supporting piece to rotate when stretching out and drawing back;
a second side-tipping control mechanism that controls the tipping of the support frame to one side of the second direction, the second side-tipping control mechanism comprising:
the lower end of the second supporting piece is hinged with the second base, and the upper end of the second supporting piece is used for abutting against the supporting frame; the second telescopic hydraulic unit is connected to the second support piece and can enable the first support piece to rotate when the second hydraulic unit is telescopic;
the first side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:
the lower end of the third supporting piece is hinged with the third base, and the height of the upper end of the third supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the first supporting piece; a third telescopic hydraulic unit connected to the third support member, wherein the third hydraulic unit can rotate the third support member when telescopic;
the second side-tipping control mechanism further comprises:
the lower end of the fourth supporting piece is hinged with the fourth base, and the height of the upper end of the fourth supporting piece is lower than that of the upper end of the second supporting piece; the telescopic fourth hydraulic unit is connected to the fourth supporting piece and can enable the fourth supporting piece to rotate when the fourth hydraulic unit is telescopic;
the bottom of the furnace body is eccentrically arranged and is provided with a convex part, and the steel tapping hole is positioned at the convex part at the bottom of the furnace body;
the slag outlet is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body;
the liquid metal refining apparatus further comprises: the furnace cover can be lifted and lowered, and can be matched with the furnace body to seal the inside of the furnace body.
2. A liquid metal smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid metal refining unit is mounted on a furnace carriage and moves relative to the primary smelting furnace via rails.
3. A liquid metal smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid metal refining apparatus further includes: and the vacuumizing device is connected with the furnace cover through a pipeline.
4. A liquid metal smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid metal refining apparatus further comprises: the electrode mechanism penetrates through the furnace cover and is used for heating molten steel; and the conductive cross arm mechanism is connected with the electrode mechanism and is used for lifting the electrode.
5. A liquid metal smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid metal refining apparatus further comprises: the powder spraying mechanism is used for spraying powdery flux into the furnace body, and is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body; and the dust removal mechanism is connected with the furnace cover and is used for purifying the flue gas.
6. A liquid metal tapping system according to claim 1, wherein the base is movable in a sliding manner on rails.
7. A liquid metal smelting process using the liquid metal smelting system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the process comprising the steps of:
after the molten steel in the primary smelting furnace meets the requirements, the drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device is positioned below the steel tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace, so that the molten steel in the furnace body of the primary smelting furnace flows out of the steel tapping hole and directly flows into the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device through the drainage mechanism;
and moving the base of the liquid metal refining device to a refining working position, and lowering the furnace cover to ensure that the furnace cover is matched and sealed with the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device, so as to carry out refining operation on the molten steel in the furnace body.
8. A liquid metal smelting process according to claim 7, further comprising the steps of:
after the refined molten steel meets the requirements, the furnace body of the liquid metal refining device is inclined towards the steel outlet through the turnover mechanism so that the molten steel in the furnace body is poured into a ladle;
when the molten steel in the ladle reaches the designated capacity, after the molten steel is poured out, the furnace body is restored to the horizontal position through the turnover mechanism;
and after the furnace body returns to the horizontal position, enabling a drainage mechanism of the liquid metal refining device to be positioned below a steel tapping hole of the primary smelting furnace to wait for receiving molten steel.
9. A liquid metal smelting process according to claim 8, wherein a heat insulating covering agent is added to the ladle, and the ladle car loaded with the ladle is driven to a hoist location and hoisted to a continuous casting machine for casting.
10. A liquid metal smelting process according to claim 7, further including the steps of: and after the molten steel is refined, moving the base to a vacuum refining working position, so as to carry out vacuum treatment on the molten steel in the furnace body.
11. The liquid metal smelting method according to claim 7, wherein the first hydraulic unit is shortened, the furnace body is tilted to one side in the first direction to pour out a part of the refined slag in the furnace body, and an upper end of a third support member abuts against the support frame;
when the second hydraulic unit is shortened, the furnace body inclines to one side of the second direction so that the furnace body inclines to the steel-tapping hole, and the upper end of the fourth supporting piece is propped against the supporting frame.
12. A liquid metal smelting process according to claim 7, wherein the base is moved by sliding on rails.
13. A liquid metal smelting process according to claim 7, further including the steps of: after the furnace body is restored to the horizontal position, the furnace body is inclined towards the slag outlet through the turnover mechanism so as to pour out partial refined slag in the furnace body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910597762.7A CN110257588B (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Liquid metal smelting system and smelting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910597762.7A CN110257588B (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Liquid metal smelting system and smelting method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110257588A CN110257588A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| CN110257588B true CN110257588B (en) | 2023-04-14 |
Family
ID=67924278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910597762.7A Active CN110257588B (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Liquid metal smelting system and smelting method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110257588B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1171136A (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1998-01-21 | 艾克米特技术公司 | Tilting metallurgical unit comprising several vessels |
| CN1353805A (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2002-06-12 | Sms迪马格股份公司 | Method and device for emptying metallurgic melting vessels by tipping |
| US7914602B1 (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2011-03-29 | Carbide Industries, LLC | Process to reduce steel furnace slag carry-over during tapping |
| CN103952510A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-30 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steel-making furnace and smelting process |
| CN107760823A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-06 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of quasi-continuous steelmaking system of steel scrap electric arc furnaces entirely and technique |
| CN210856202U (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-06-26 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Liquid metal smelting system |
-
2019
- 2019-07-04 CN CN201910597762.7A patent/CN110257588B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1171136A (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1998-01-21 | 艾克米特技术公司 | Tilting metallurgical unit comprising several vessels |
| CN1353805A (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2002-06-12 | Sms迪马格股份公司 | Method and device for emptying metallurgic melting vessels by tipping |
| US7914602B1 (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2011-03-29 | Carbide Industries, LLC | Process to reduce steel furnace slag carry-over during tapping |
| CN103952510A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-30 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steel-making furnace and smelting process |
| CN107760823A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-06 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of quasi-continuous steelmaking system of steel scrap electric arc furnaces entirely and technique |
| CN210856202U (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-06-26 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Liquid metal smelting system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张国华.电弧炉无渣出钢工艺及其最佳方式EBT.《甘肃冶金》.1997,29-33,54. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110257588A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI480378B (en) | Flexible minimum energy utilization electric arc furnace system and processes for making steel products | |
| CN100424189C (en) | Method for reclaiming and cyclic utilizing residue molten steel slag in steel making | |
| KR100417503B1 (en) | Operation method and device of double container arc | |
| CN111635977B (en) | Full-continuous ultrashort electric arc furnace steelmaking flow production equipment and process | |
| CN210856202U (en) | Liquid metal smelting system | |
| US7618582B2 (en) | Continuous steel production and apparatus | |
| CN111321310A (en) | Method and system for preparing magnesium metal | |
| CN201787812U (en) | Hydraulic tilting type circular aluminum liquid smelting thermal insulation furnace | |
| CN103614609B (en) | A kind of stainless steel smelting desiliconization of hot metal method | |
| CN210856207U (en) | Liquid metal refining device and liquid metal smelting system | |
| CN2859418Y (en) | A direct current arc inductive stove | |
| CN111518992B (en) | Tank type single-nozzle refining furnace and vacuum refining method | |
| EP2414760B1 (en) | Electric arc furnace | |
| CN110257588B (en) | Liquid metal smelting system and smelting method | |
| CN210796526U (en) | Steelmaking electric arc furnace body structure | |
| CN105441684B (en) | A kind of aluminium scrap, aluminium ash regeneration system | |
| CN112176149B (en) | Liquid metal refining device, liquid metal smelting system and refining method | |
| CA1315541C (en) | Pneumatic steelmaking vessel and method of producing steel | |
| CN100451514C (en) | DC arc induction furnace | |
| CN211079224U (en) | Movable preheats device of steel scrap | |
| CN114672718A (en) | Smelting method of high-grade silicon steel | |
| CN114891946A (en) | Smelting method of ultra-low carbon aluminum killed steel | |
| CN209722207U (en) | A kind of miniaturization rectification systems | |
| CN113430449A (en) | Smelting and continuous casting production process of sulfur-containing free-cutting steel ASTM1141 | |
| CN201600012U (en) | Novel oxygen lance system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |