CN115773970A - Suspended sediment particle image acquisition system and method - Google Patents
Suspended sediment particle image acquisition system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115773970A CN115773970A CN202211489615.6A CN202211489615A CN115773970A CN 115773970 A CN115773970 A CN 115773970A CN 202211489615 A CN202211489615 A CN 202211489615A CN 115773970 A CN115773970 A CN 115773970A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a suspended sediment particle image acquisition system and a suspended sediment particle image acquisition method, wherein the device comprises a transparent water tank, a fusiform pulp sheet and an image acquisition mechanism; the method comprises the steps of filling clear water into a transparent water tank; step two, determining the rotating speed of the spindle-shaped blade; step three, determining the shooting frequency of the high-speed industrial camera; and step four, collecting a sediment particle image. The transparent water tank is divided into the power stirring area and the observation area, the internal tank width of the observation area is small, clear imaging of suspended sediment particles can be guaranteed, the problem of fuzzy imaging of suspended sediment particles in a common wide and shallow water tank is solved, a high-speed industrial camera and an optical amplification lens which are matched are adopted to shoot images of suspended sediment particles, the edges of shot sediment particle images are clear and complete, the real-time observation problem of underwater microscopic particles such as fine sediment particles is solved, sufficient measurement data can be guaranteed, repeated measurement of similar data is avoided, and workload is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sediment particle analysis, and particularly relates to a suspended sediment particle image acquisition system and method.
Background
The yellow river basin has important global and strategic positions in the development of the Chinese safety and economic society. Along with the development and construction of western cities in recent years in China, economic growth is promoted, and meanwhile, the problems of resource exhaustion, environmental pollution, ecological damage and the like in regions to different degrees are caused. Currently, ecological protection and high-quality development of the yellow river basin are raised to be important national strategies, new requirements are provided for yellow river basin treatment, development and protection, and the method has important practical significance for clearing the current development situation and problems of yellow river basin resources and supporting high-quality development strategies. The main problem of the watershed is the water and sand problem. Silt is one of three basic elements in hydrological measurement, and researches on suspended silt mainly comprise three blocks of silt particle gradation, silt content and silt particle movement speed. At present, the main method is a field sampling method, which samples the area to be researched and then analyzes and observes in a laboratory. With the development of computer vision technology, new methods emerge, for example, optical fibers are used for real-time imaging of suspended sediment particles, and then parameters such as sediment particle content in the region where the optical fiber probe is located are analyzed. And under the condition of high sand-containing water flow, the light beam transmittance is low, and a large error is caused when the high sand-containing quantity is measured by an optical method.
The development of the image processing technology provides a new way for observing suspended sediment particles in a water body, and a high-speed camera is used for shooting the suspended sediment particles and analyzing and processing shot images or videos. However, most of the laboratory water tanks widely applied at present are large in width, and when the laboratory water tanks are used for shooting suspended sediment, clear sediment particle images cannot be shot due to the fact that the sediment particles move transversely perpendicular to a camera focal plane. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a system and a method for acquiring images of suspended sediment particles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the defects in the prior art are overcome, and provides a suspended sediment particle image acquisition system which is reasonable in structural design and simple and convenient to operate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a suspension silt particle image acquisition system which characterized in that: the device comprises a transparent water tank for containing a sand-containing water body, a fusiform pulp sheet for stirring the sand-containing water body in the transparent water tank and an image acquisition mechanism which is arranged at one end of the transparent water tank and used for acquiring silt particle images of the sand-containing water body in the transparent water tank, wherein the transparent water tank is a flat water tank, the transparent water tank comprises a power stirring area and an observation area which are communicated with each other, an inflow pipeline for ensuring that the sand-containing water body smoothly enters the power stirring area is connected to the power stirring area of the transparent water tank, the fusiform pulp sheet is positioned in the power stirring area, an outflow pipeline is connected to the observation area of the transparent water tank, and a light source for illuminating the observation area is arranged at the other end of the transparent water tank;
the internal groove width of the dynamic stirring area is larger than that of the observation area, the internal groove width of the observation area is larger than the particle size of suspended sediment, and the internal groove width of the observation area is not larger than 2mm;
the image acquisition mechanism is a high-speed industrial camera.
Foretell a suspension silt particle image acquisition system which characterized in that: the inflow pipeline and the outflow pipeline are both round pipes, the pipe diameter of the inflow pipeline is smaller than that of the outflow pipeline, the pipe diameter of the inflow pipeline is 1 cm-2 cm, and the pipe diameter of the outflow pipeline is 2 cm-3 cm.
Foretell suspension silt particle image acquisition system, its characterized in that: the observation area is circular, the power stirring area comprises a semicircular groove body and a transitional connection groove body used for being in transitional connection with the observation area, the inner side groove wall of the transitional connection groove body is in smooth connection with the inner side groove wall of the observation area, the radius of the semicircular groove body of the power stirring area is equal to 1.25-1.4 times of the radius of the fusiform paddle, and the radius of the observation area is equal to 1.7-2.5 times of the radius of the fusiform paddle.
Foretell suspension silt particle image acquisition system, its characterized in that: the two outer end faces of the observation area are flush with the two outer end faces of the power stirring area respectively, and the observation area and the power stirring area are integrally formed.
Foretell suspension silt particle image acquisition system, its characterized in that: and a driving motor for driving the spindle-shaped blade to rotate is arranged outside the other end of the transparent water tank.
Foretell a suspension silt particle image acquisition system which characterized in that: the dynamic stirring area is located at the bottom of one side of the observation area, the inflow pipeline is located at the bottom of one side of the dynamic stirring area, which is far away from the observation area, the outflow pipeline is located at the upper portion of the other side of the observation area, and the inflow pipeline and the outflow pipeline are parallel to each other.
Foretell a suspension silt particle image acquisition system which characterized in that: the high-speed industrial camera is integrated with an optical magnifying lens and a light intensity sensor, and the light intensity sensor is positioned on one side, far away from the transparent water tank, of the optical magnifying lens.
Foretell suspension silt particle image acquisition system, its characterized in that: the high-speed industrial camera is installed on the camera fixing support.
Foretell suspension silt particle image acquisition system, its characterized in that: the light source is a blue surface light source.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method for collecting the image of the suspended sediment particles, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, filling clear water into a transparent water tank: firstly, extending an inlet end of an inflow pipeline into a sand-containing water body to be collected, and then filling clear water into a transparent water tank;
step two, determining the rotating speed of the spindle-shaped blade: according to the formula
Obtaining the rotating speed of the spindle-shaped blade
Wherein, in the process,
is the energy transfer coefficient of the rotating speed of the fusiform paddle in the power stirring area,
is the energy transfer coefficient between the fluid in the dynamic stirring area and the fluid in the observation area,
is the radius of the fusiform paddle;
obtained according to the Stokes equation
Wherein, in the step (A),
is a coefficient of kinetic viscosity of the water,
in order to obtain the density of the silt,
is the density of the water and is,
is the acceleration of the gravity, and the acceleration is the acceleration of the gravity,
the particle size of suspended silt particles;
step three, determining the shooting frequency of the high-speed industrial cameraRate: the high-speed industrial camera has a shooting frequency of
Wherein, in the step (A),
；
step four, collecting a sediment particle image: make the spindle-shaped blade have
The rotational speed carry out anticlockwise rotation, drive rivers in the power stirring district and make anticlockwise rotation, and then drive the rivers of observation district are made clockwise, clear water in the transparent basin overflows from the pipeline that effluences gradually this moment, under the effect of pressure differential, contain husky water and get into in the transparent basin gradually, simultaneously contain the silt particle in the husky water and play after the power stirring district is mixxed and float to the observation district in, after spindle-shaped thick liquid piece rotates the settlement time, open the light source, open high-speed industrial camera, and continuously let in the in-process that contains husky water in transparent basin, adopt high-speed industrial camera with in order to pass through the in-process that contains husky water, the high-speed industrial camera is with the power stirring district
The shooting frequency of (1) collects the silt particle images of the sand-containing water body in the observation area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the system adopted by the invention, the inflow pipeline is arranged, so that the sand-containing water body in the current area to be measured can smoothly enter the power stirring area, and the arrangement of the outflow pipeline can ensure that the sand-containing water body can enter and exit the transparent water tank under the action of pressure difference.
2. According to the system adopted by the invention, the internal groove width of the observation area is larger than the particle size of the suspended sediment and is not larger than 2mm, so that the internal groove width of the observation area is ensured to be very small, the transverse movement of the suspended sediment particles in the direction vertical to the focal plane of the camera can be reduced to the greatest extent, the suspended sediment particles are ensured to be clear in imaging, a clearer image of the suspended sediment particles can be obtained compared with a common wide and shallow water tank, and the problem of fuzzy imaging of the suspended sediment particles in the common wide and shallow water tank is solved.
3. According to the system adopted by the invention, the spindle-shaped slurry sheet is adopted to stir the sand-containing water body in the transparent water tank, so that the silt particles can be fully mixed and stirred more uniformly, and the silt particles can be suspended conveniently.
4. According to the system adopted by the invention, the high-speed industrial camera is adopted to shoot the suspended sediment particle image, so that the edge of the shot sediment particle image is clear and complete, the real-time observation problem of underwater micro particles such as fine sediment particles is solved, and the subsequent analysis and calculation of the sediment content are facilitated.
5. According to the method, clear water is filled in the transparent water tank, and then the spindle-shaped blades are used for stirring in the power stirring area, so that the sand-containing water body can conveniently enter the transparent water tank under the action of pressure difference, and simultaneously, silt particles can be suspended, the collection efficiency and effect of images of the silt particles can be effectively improved, and the working strength is reduced.
6. According to the method, the shooting frequency of the high-speed industrial camera is set to be 3-7 times of the rotating speed of the fusiform paddle, so that the repeated measurement of similar data can be avoided on the premise that the measured data is enough, and the workload is greatly reduced.
In conclusion, the invention has reasonable structural design and simple and convenient method, the transparent water tank is divided into the power stirring area and the observation area, the internal tank width of the observation area is very small, clear imaging of suspended sediment particles can be ensured, the problem of imaging blurring of suspended sediment particles in a common wide and shallow water tank is solved, a high-speed industrial camera and an optical magnifying lens which are matched with each other are adopted to shoot images of suspended sediment particles, the edges of shot sediment particle images are clear and complete, the real-time observation problem of underwater microscopic particles such as fine sediment particles is solved, the repeated measurement of similar data is avoided on the premise of ensuring that the measurement data is sufficient, and the workload is greatly reduced.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an image acquisition system for suspended sediment particles according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the transparent sink of the present invention.
Fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the suspended sediment particle image acquisition method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
| 1-a transparent water tank; | 1-a dynamic stirring zone; | 1-2-observation zone; |
| 2-spindle blade; | 3, driving a motor; | 4-an inflow conduit; |
| 5-an outflow conduit; | 6, a light source; | 7-light intensity controller; |
| 8-high speed industrial camera; | 9-optical magnification lens; | 10-camera fixing bracket; |
| 11-light intensity sensor. |
Detailed Description
The image acquisition system for suspended sediment particles as shown in fig. 1 to 3 comprises a transparent water tank 1 for containing a sediment-containing water body, a fusiform slurry blade 2 for stirring the sediment-containing water body in the transparent water tank 1, and an image acquisition mechanism which is arranged at one end of the transparent water tank 1 and is used for acquiring sediment particle images of the sediment-containing water body in the transparent water tank 1, wherein the transparent water tank 1 is a flat water tank, the transparent water tank 1 comprises a power stirring area 1-1 and an observation area 1-2 which are communicated, an inflow pipeline 4 for ensuring that the sediment-containing water body smoothly enters the power stirring area 1-1 is connected to the power stirring area 1-1 of the transparent water tank 1, the fusiform slurry blade 2 is positioned in the power stirring area 1-1, an outflow pipeline 5 is connected to the observation area 1-2 of the transparent water tank 1, and a light source 6 for illuminating the observation area 1-2 is arranged at the other end of the transparent water tank 1;
the internal groove width L of the dynamic stirring area 1-1 1 Internal groove width L greater than observation zone 1-2 2 Internal groove width L of the observation area 1-2 2 The particle size of the suspended sediment is larger, and the internal groove width of the observation area 1-2 is not larger than 2mm;
the image acquisition mechanism is a high-speed industrial camera 8.
During specific implementation, the inflow pipeline 4 is arranged, so that the sand-containing water body in the to-be-detected flow area can smoothly enter the power stirring area 1-1, and the outflow pipeline 5 is arranged to ensure that the sand-containing water body can enter and exit the transparent water tank 1 under the action of pressure difference.
In specific implementation, the light source 6 is connected with a light intensity controller 7 for controlling the light intensity of the light source 6, and the light intensity control mode refers to the light intensity control mode of the existing electrodeless dimming circuit.
It should be noted that, by making the internal groove width of the observation area 1-2 larger than the particle size of the suspended sediment and not larger than 2mm, the internal groove width of the observation area 1-2 can be ensured to be very small, the lateral motion of the suspended sediment particles perpendicular to the direction of the focal plane of the camera can be reduced to the greatest extent, the imaging of the suspended sediment particles is ensured to be clear, a clearer image of the suspended sediment particles can be obtained compared with a common wide and shallow water tank, and the problem of blurred imaging of the suspended sediment particles in the common wide and shallow water tank is solved.
During specific implementation, the high-speed industrial camera 8 is used for shooting the suspended sediment particle image, so that the edge of the shot sediment particle image is clear and complete, the real-time observation problem of underwater microscopic particles such as fine sediment particles with the size of 0-0.5 mm is solved, and the subsequent analysis and calculation of the sediment content are facilitated.
During the in-service use, high-speed industrial camera 8's collection frame rate can reach 860fps the most, suspension silt particle diameter is mostly below 1mm in the river, the particle size is less, in order to make silt particle image edge that claps clear complete, so need use optics magnification camera lens 9, optics magnification camera lens 9 magnification is 4 times, through adopting high-speed industrial camera 8 to shoot the image of suspension silt particle, compare in traditional sample observation, time saving and labor saving, can discern silt particle comparatively accurately fast, and then provide the basis for the motion change condition of silt particle in accurate calculation shooting region sand content and the real-time dynamic monitoring water.
During specific implementation, because the fusiform blade 2 is fusiform, two ends are narrow, and the middle part is wide, when the fusiform blade 2 rotates at a high speed, the wake flow at two ends makes silt particles fully mixed, and the stirring is more even.
In this embodiment, the inflow pipeline 4 and the outflow pipeline 5 are both circular pipes, the pipe diameter of the inflow pipeline 4 is smaller than that of the outflow pipeline 5, the pipe diameter of the inflow pipeline 4 is 1 cm-2 cm, and the pipe diameter of the outflow pipeline 5 is 2 cm-3 cm.
During actual use, the pipe diameter of the inflow pipeline 4 is smaller than that of the outflow pipeline 5, so that water in the transparent water tank 1 flows out more easily to cause pressure difference in the observation area 1-2, and sand-containing water enters from the inflow pipeline 4 more easily.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the observation area 1-2 is circular, the dynamic stirring area 1-1 includes a semicircular groove body and a transitional connection groove body for transitional connection with the observation area 1-2, an inner side groove wall of the transitional connection groove body is smoothly connected with an inner side groove wall of the observation area 1-2, a radius of the semicircular groove body of the dynamic stirring area 1-1 is equal to 1.25 times to 1.4 times a radius of the fusiform paddle 2, and a radius of the observation area 1-2 is equal to 1.7 times to 2.5 times the radius of the fusiform paddle 2.
In practical use, the observation area 1-2 is circular, which means that the longitudinal section of the observation area 1-2, which is perpendicular to the width direction, is circular.
The radius of the observation area 1-2 is 3cm to 5cm.
During specific implementation, the radius of the semicircular groove body of the power stirring area 1-1 is preferably equal to 1.25 times of the radius of the fusiform paddle piece 2, and because the radius difference between the two is too large, water is not easy to be completely stirred, and the difference between the two is too small, the turbulent energy of the stirred water is too large, so that the error of a measurement result is increased, the water is completely stirred in the interval, and the error of the result is reduced.
In this embodiment, two outer end surfaces of the observation area 1-2 are respectively flush with two outer end surfaces of the dynamic stirring area 1-1, and the observation area 1-2 and the dynamic stirring area 1-1 are integrally formed.
In this embodiment, a driving motor 3 for driving the spindle-shaped blade 2 to rotate is arranged outside the other end of the transparent water tank 1.
During the in-service use, transparent basin 1's material is the optical glass piece, and optical glass piece light transmissivity can be better, can be so that to shoot the silt granule comparatively clear, and the optical glass piece receives the silt motion and the mar that produces is less.
In this embodiment, the dynamic stirring area 1-1 is located at the bottom of one side of the observation area 1-2, the inflow pipeline 4 is located at the bottom of one side of the dynamic stirring area 1-1, which is far away from the observation area 1-2, the outflow pipeline 5 is located at the upper portion of the other side of the observation area 1-2, and the inflow pipeline 4 and the outflow pipeline 5 are parallel to each other.
When the device is used practically, water flow in the dynamic stirring area 1-1 moves anticlockwise, water flow in the observation area 1-2 moves clockwise, the water flow in the dynamic stirring area 1-1 and the water flow in the observation area 1-2 shear mutually at a connection part, so that silt particles in the observation area 1-2 are suspended, an included angle alpha between a connecting line between the circle center of a semicircular groove body of the dynamic stirring area 1-1 and the circle center of the observation area and the vertical direction of the observation area is 60 degrees, the shearing effect is most obvious when the included angle is 60 degrees, the hydrodynamic energy loss is minimum, and the silt particles move circularly at a high speed in the observation area 1-2.
In this embodiment, the high-speed industrial camera 8 is integrated with an optical magnifying lens 9 and a light intensity sensor 11, and the light intensity sensor 11 is located on one side of the optical magnifying lens 9 away from the transparent water tank 1.
During the in-service use, the setting of light intensity sensor 11 is convenient for monitor the light intensity of shooting region, and then is convenient for improve the shooting effect through the light intensity of adjustment light source 6.
In this embodiment, the high-speed industrial camera 8 is mounted on a camera fixing bracket 10.
In specific implementation, the lens of the high-speed industrial camera 8 is arranged right opposite to the center of the observation area 1-2 in the transparent water tank 1, and meanwhile, in order to make the image of the silt particles shot by the high-speed industrial camera 8 clearer, the image collection area, namely the position of the transparent water tank 1, is the focal plane area of the high-speed industrial camera 8, so that the high-speed industrial camera 8 needs to be fixed on the camera fixing support 10, and the distance from the lens of the high-speed industrial camera 8 to the transparent water tank 1 is slowly adjusted, so that the high-speed industrial camera 8 is focused to the focal plane area.
In this embodiment, the light source 6 is a blue surface light source.
In practical use, the light source 6 is a square with the shape of 2cm multiplied by 2cm, the end face of the light source 6 is arranged in parallel with the end face of the transparent water tank 1, most of suspended sediment particles in the yellow river basin are yellow sediment, and blue and yellow are mutually contrasted in a twelve-color phase ring, so that the yellow sediment particles shot by adopting a blue surface light source are clearer.
Fig. 4 shows a method for acquiring an image of suspended sediment particles, which includes the following steps:
step one, filling clear water into a transparent water tank: firstly, the inlet end of an inflow pipeline 4 extends into a sand-containing water body to be collected, and then clear water is filled into a transparent water tank 1;
step two, determining the rotating speed of the fusiform pulp sheet: according to the formula
To obtain the rotating speed of the spindle-shaped blade 2
Wherein, in the process,
is the energy transfer coefficient of the rotating speed of the shuttle-shaped blade 2 in the power stirring area 1-1 and the value thereof is 0.6,
is the energy transfer coefficient between the fluid in the dynamic stirring area 1-1 and the fluid in the observation area 1-2, and the value of the energy transfer coefficient is 0.7,
is the radius of the fusiform paddle 2;
obtained according to the Stokes formula
Wherein, in the step (A),
is the dynamic viscosity coefficient of water and,
is silt density and its value is 2650kg/m 3 ，
Is the density of water and takes a value of 1000kg/m 3 ，
In order to be the acceleration of the gravity,
the particle size of the suspended silt particles;
step three, determining the shooting frequency of the high-speed industrial camera: the shooting frequency of the high-speed industrial camera 8Is composed of
Wherein, in the step (A),
；
step four, collecting a sediment particle image: make the spindle-shaped blade 2 have
The rotating speed of the water-saving type high-speed industrial camera is anticlockwise rotated to drive the water flow in the power stirring area 1-1 to anticlockwise rotate and further drive the water flow in the observation area 1-2 to clockwise move, clear water in the transparent water tank 1 gradually overflows from an outflow pipeline 5 at the moment, the sand-containing water body gradually enters the transparent water tank 1 under the action of pressure difference, sand particles in the sand-containing water body float to the observation area 1-2 after the power stirring area 1-1 is stirred, the motion of the sand particles is stable after the spindle-shaped slurry sheet 2 rotates for five minutes, the light source 6 is turned on, the high-speed industrial camera 8 is turned on, and in the process of continuously introducing the sand-containing water body into the transparent water tank 1, the high-speed industrial camera 8 is adopted to enable the high-speed industrial camera 8 to do anticlockwise rotation
The shooting frequency of (1) is used for collecting silt particle images of the sandy water bodies in the observation areas (1-2).
In practical use, the rotating speed of the fusiform pulp sheet 2 obtained in the second step is a critical rotating speed which ensures that the sediment particles in the observation area 1-2 are completely suspended under low energy consumption, and the rotating speed of the fusiform pulp sheet 2 can reach 25r/s at most.
It should be noted that the shooting frequency of the high-speed industrial camera 8 represents how many groups of pictures can be shot in one second, the rotation speed of the shuttle-shaped blade 2 represents how many turns can be taken in one second, the multiple relation in the third step only represents the multiple relation of the numerical value, and by setting the shooting frequency of the high-speed industrial camera 8 to be 3 times to 7 times of the rotation speed of the shuttle-shaped blade 2, the similar data can be prevented from being repeatedly measured on the premise of ensuring the sufficient measurement data, and the workload is greatly reduced.
During specific implementation, the high-speed industrial camera 8 can observe pictures of a shot area in real time, continuously shoot each frame of image, store and output a high-resolution image to a computer, and can obtain the particle size information of the sediment particles by analyzing the continuous image at a later stage and calculate the content of the sediment particles in an imaging area of the camera.
In the fourth step, after the light source 6 is turned on, the light intensity at the shooting area is first measured by the light intensity sensor 11, and if the light intensity at the shooting area is less than 1000lux, the light intensity of the light source 6 is increased by the light intensity controller 7 until the light intensity at the shooting area is not less than 1000lux.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a suspension silt particle image acquisition system which characterized in that: the sand-containing water tank comprises a transparent water tank (1) for containing a sand-containing water body, a fusiform slurry sheet (2) for stirring the sand-containing water body in the transparent water tank (1) and an image acquisition mechanism which is arranged at one end of the transparent water tank (1) and is used for acquiring silt particle images of the sand-containing water body in the transparent water tank (1), wherein the transparent water tank (1) is a flat water tank, the transparent water tank (1) comprises a power stirring area (1-1) and an observation area (1-2) which are communicated, an inflow pipeline (4) for ensuring that the sand-containing water body smoothly enters the power stirring area (1-1) is connected to the power stirring area (1-1) of the transparent water tank (1), the fusiform slurry sheet (2) is positioned in the power stirring area (1-1), the observation area (1-2) of the transparent water tank (1) is connected with a pipeline (5), and a light source (6) for illuminating the observation area (1-2) is arranged at the other end of the transparent water tank (1);
the internal groove width of the dynamic stirring area (1-1) is larger than that of the observation area (1-2), the internal groove width of the observation area (1-2) is larger than the particle size of suspended sediment, and the internal groove width of the observation area (1-2) is not larger than 2mm;
the image acquisition mechanism is a high-speed industrial camera (8).
2. The suspended sediment particle image acquisition system of claim 1, wherein: the inflow pipeline (4) and the outflow pipeline (5) are round pipes, the pipe diameter of the inflow pipeline (4) is smaller than that of the outflow pipeline (5), the pipe diameter of the inflow pipeline (4) is 1 cm-2 cm, and the pipe diameter of the outflow pipeline (5) is 2 cm-3 cm.
3. The suspended sediment particle image acquisition system of claim 1, wherein: the observation area (1-2) is circular, the dynamic stirring area (1-1) comprises a semicircular groove body and a transitional connection groove body used for being in transitional connection with the observation area (1-2), the inner side groove wall of the transitional connection groove body is in smooth connection with the inner side groove wall of the observation area (1-2), the radius of the semicircular groove body of the dynamic stirring area (1-1) is equal to 1.25-1.4 times of the radius of the fusiform pulp sheet (2), and the radius of the observation area (1-2) is equal to 1.7-2.5 times of the radius of the fusiform pulp sheet (2).
4. The suspended sediment particle image acquisition system of claim 1, wherein: the two outer end faces of the observation area (1-2) are flush with the two outer end faces of the dynamic stirring area (1-1) respectively, and the observation area (1-2) and the dynamic stirring area (1-1) are integrally formed.
5. The suspended sediment particle image acquisition system of claim 1, wherein: and a driving motor (3) for driving the spindle-shaped blade (2) to rotate is arranged outside the other end of the transparent water tank (1).
6. The suspended sediment particle image acquisition system of claim 1, wherein: the dynamic stirring area (1-1) is located at the bottom of one side of the observation area (1-2), the inflow pipeline (4) is located at the bottom of one side of the dynamic stirring area (1-1) far away from the observation area (1-2), the outflow pipeline (5) is located at the upper portion of the other side of the observation area (1-2), and the inflow pipeline (4) and the outflow pipeline (5) are parallel to each other.
7. The suspended sediment particle image acquisition system of claim 1, wherein: an optical magnifying lens (9) and a light intensity sensor (11) are integrated on the high-speed industrial camera (8), and the light intensity sensor (11) is located on one side, far away from the transparent water tank (1), of the optical magnifying lens (9).
8. The suspended sediment particle image acquisition system of claim 1, wherein: the high-speed industrial camera (8) is mounted on a camera fixing support (10).
9. The suspended sediment particle image acquisition system of claim 1, wherein: the light source (6) is a blue surface light source.
10. A method for collecting images of suspended sediment particles by using the image collecting system of suspended sediment particles as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
step one, filling clear water into a transparent water tank: firstly, the inlet end of an inflow pipeline (4) extends into a sandy water body to be collected, and then clear water is filled into a transparent water tank (1);
step two, determining the rotating speed of the spindle-shaped blade: according to the formula
The rotating speed of the spindle-shaped blade (2) is obtained
Wherein, in the process,
is the energy transfer coefficient of the rotating speed of the fusiform paddle (2) in the power stirring area (1-1),
is the energy transfer coefficient between the fluid in the dynamic stirring area (1-1) and the fluid in the observation area (1-2),
is the radius of the fusiform pulp sheet (2);
obtained according to the Stokes formula
Wherein, in the step (A),
is the dynamic viscosity coefficient of water and,
in order to obtain the density of the silt,
is the density of the water and is,
in order to be the acceleration of the gravity,
the particle size of suspended silt particles;
step three, determining the shooting frequency of the high-speed industrial camera: the high-speed industrial camera (8) has a shooting frequency of
Wherein, in the step (A),
；
step four, collecting a sediment particle image: make the spindle-shaped blade (2) have
The rotating speed of the water-saving type sand-containing water tank is anticlockwise rotated to drive water flow in the power stirring area (1-1) to anticlockwise rotate, and then the water flow of the observation area (1-2) is driven to clockwise move, at the moment, clear water in the transparent water tank (1) gradually overflows from the outflow pipeline (5), under the action of pressure difference, the sand-containing water body gradually enters the transparent water tank (1), meanwhile, sand particles in the sand-containing water body float to the observation area (1-2) after being stirred in the power stirring area (1-1), after the spindle-shaped slurry sheet (2) rotates for set time, the light source (6) is opened, the high-speed industrial camera (8) is opened, and in the process of continuously introducing the sand-containing water body into the transparent water tank (1), the high-speed industrial camera (8) is adopted to rotate with the high-speed industrial camera (8)
The shooting frequency of the system is used for collecting sediment particle images of the sand-containing water body in the observation area (1-2).
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