CN115773687B - Fused salt energy storage system integrating preheating, salt dissolving, anti-condensation and storage functions - Google Patents
Fused salt energy storage system integrating preheating, salt dissolving, anti-condensation and storage functions Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
The invention relates to a fused salt energy storage system with the functions of preheating, salt melting, anti-condensation and storage in a coupling mode, which comprises a gas furnace, a fan, a heat-insulating refractory wall, a storage tank, a stirrer, a cold salt pump, a hot salt pump and a fused salt/steam converter; the hot air outlet of the gas furnace is connected with the circulating air inlet of the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall through a fan, and the circulating air outlet of the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall is connected with the cold air inlet of the gas furnace; the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall is wrapped on the outer side of the storage tank at the same time, a circulating air interlayer is arranged between the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall and the storage tank, the circulating air interlayer is respectively communicated with the circulating air inlet and the circulating air outlet, and a guide plate arranged along the central axis of the storage tank is arranged in the circulating air interlayer; the middle axial surface of the storage tank is provided with a heat-resistant baffle plate, the storage tank is divided into a cold salt side and a hot salt side, the cold salt side is connected with the hot salt side through a cold salt pump, the hot salt side is simultaneously connected with a hot salt inlet of a molten salt/steam converter through the hot salt pump, and a cold salt outlet of the molten salt/steam converter is connected with the cold salt side; the agitator is detachably mounted on the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall. The system integrates a plurality of processes of fused salt energy storage, has a more compact structure, and reduces investment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of molten salt heat storage, and particularly relates to a molten salt energy storage system with integrated functions of preheating, salt melting, anti-condensation and storage.
Background
The molten salt heat storage technology is used as an emerging clean energy heat supply technology, and aims to solve the contradiction between heat energy supply and demand that the heat energy supply and the heat energy demand are not matched in time and space. The fused salt heat storage has the advantages of low carbon, low energy consumption, zero pollution, zero emission and the like, and simultaneously has good economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
At present, the molten salt heat storage technology is widely applied to scenes such as solar photo-thermal power stations and clean heating, and the like, and the defects of the molten salt heat storage technology are mainly reflected in the application of an energy storage system, the preheating of a storage tank, the initial melting of molten salt, the anti-condensation of a storage stage and the like. In the prior art, chinese patent publication No. CN210235962U discloses a solar photo-thermal power generation molten salt storage tank preheating system, the system adopts a heating furnace and a fan to be connected with a high-temperature molten salt storage tank and a low-temperature molten salt storage tank in series, high-temperature flue gas is circulated in the tank to preheat the tank wall, the preheating time is long, the efficiency is low, a heating furnace with higher power is needed for preheating a large-scale storage tank, and the investment cost is high. Chinese patent application publication No. CN110201608A discloses a high-temperature molten salt primary melting system and a salt melting method, in which solid molten salt is melted into liquid state in a molten salt tank by electric heating, and then the molten salt is conveyed into a high-temperature molten salt furnace by a molten salt circulating pump to be heated, and the molten salt is filled into a molten salt storage tank after being heated to a required temperature. The salt dissolving mode has the following defects: 1. the equipment is more, the system is complex, the operation is complex, and the occupied area is large; 2. because the salt dissolving process only exists when the molten salt energy storage system is used for the first time, the system is not used for a long time, and the salt dissolving cost is high due to single use. The Chinese patent with the bulletin number of CN205939763U discloses an electric heater installation structure of a solar photo-thermal high-voltage generation molten salt storage tank, wherein a sleeve-type electric heater is welded and fixed at the bottom of a tank body, and the electric heater is used for electrically heating solid molten salt, so that the safety of the storage tank can be influenced to a certain extent due to the fact that the bottom of the tank body is greatly pressurized and is influenced by expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold, and leakage can occur at a welding seam between the electric heater and the tank wall; in addition, the casing of the sleeve heater is formed by welding, and though nondestructive inspection is performed, the safety cannot be guaranteed.
In summary, the preheating, salt dissolving, anti-condensation and other processes in the existing molten salt energy storage system are operated by independent work, and the prior molten salt energy storage system has the disadvantages of more equipment, larger occupied area, complex system and higher cost. In view of the above, the invention provides a fused salt energy storage system with integrated functions of preheating, salt dissolving, anti-condensation and storage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fused salt energy storage system with integrated functions of coupling preheating, salt melting, anti-condensation and storage.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a fused salt energy storage system integrating the functions of preheating, salt melting, anti-condensation and storage comprises a gas furnace, a fan, a heat-insulating refractory wall, a storage tank, a stirrer, a cold salt pump, a hot salt pump and a fused salt/steam converter; the hot air outlet of the gas furnace is connected with a circulating air inlet at one side of the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall through a fan, and the circulating air outlet at the other side of the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall is connected with a fresh air pipeline at the cold air inlet of the gas furnace; the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall is wrapped on the outer side of the storage tank at the same time, a circulating air interlayer is arranged between the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall and the storage tank, the circulating air interlayer is respectively communicated with the circulating air inlet and the circulating air outlet, and a guide plate arranged along the central axis of the storage tank is arranged in the circulating air interlayer, so that hot air entering the circulating air interlayer sequentially passes through the hot salt side and the cold salt side of the storage tank; the central axial surface of the storage tank is provided with a heat-resistant baffle plate, the storage tank is divided into a cold salt side and a hot salt side, and the cold salt side and the hot salt side are respectively positioned below a circulating air outlet and a circulating air inlet of the heat-insulating refractory wall; the cold salt side is connected with the hot salt side through a cold salt pump, the hot salt side is connected with a hot salt inlet of a fused salt/steam converter through the hot salt pump at the same time, a cold salt outlet of the fused salt/steam converter is connected with the cold salt side, and steam generated by the fused salt/steam converter is used for heating or industrial steam; the stirrer is detachably arranged at the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall and used for stirring in the salt dissolving stage.
Further, the cold salt side is connected with the hot salt side through a cold molten salt pipeline, and the molten salt/steam converter is connected with the cold salt side through a salt return pipeline; the tail end of the cold molten salt pipeline and the tail end of the salt returning pipeline are respectively provided with a molten salt distribution ring which stretches into the molten salt below the liquid level, nozzles are uniformly arranged on the molten salt distribution rings, and molten salt is sprayed out of the nozzles.
Further, the operation process of the system is divided into five stages of preheating, salt dissolving, anti-condensation, storage and heat release;
preheating: adding solid molten salt and a proper amount of water into a tank body at the cold salt side, enabling hot air generated by a gas furnace to enter a circulating air interlayer through a fan, enabling the hot air to sequentially flow from the hot salt side to the cold salt side under the action of a guide plate, and performing heat exchange with a storage tank to achieve preheating of the storage tank; the hot air after heat exchange enters the gas furnace through a fresh air pipeline to be recycled;
salt dissolving stage: after preheating, starting a stirrer to stir the molten salt, continuously heating the storage tank by hot air flowing in the circulating air interlayer to continuously increase the temperature of the solid molten salt, gradually melting the solid molten salt after the temperature reaches the melting temperature, continuously heating for a period of time until the solid molten salt is completely melted, and stopping the stirrer; after salt formation is completed, the stirrer can be dismantled for the next salt formation of the system or another molten salt energy storage system;
and (3) a storage stage: after salt melting is finished, a cold salt pump is started to convey molten salt at the cold salt side to a hot salt side tank body for storage, and the molten salt in the hot salt layer tank body continuously absorbs heat of the wall of the storage tank to improve the temperature of the tank until the working temperature is reached;
and (3) an anti-condensation stage: after the molten salt reaches the working temperature, reducing the flow speed and flow of hot air entering the circulating air interlayer, and maintaining the temperature of the molten salt by supplying a small amount of hot air;
exothermic phase: when heat supply is needed, a hot salt pump is started to convey molten salt in the tank body at the hot salt side to a molten salt/steam converter, heat exchange is carried out on the molten salt and water in the molten salt/steam converter, steam for heat supply or industrial steam is generated, and the molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the tank body at the cold salt side.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the molten salt energy storage system integrates the processes of preheating a storage tank, melting the molten salt, preventing coagulation in the storage process and the like into a whole system, and the three processes do not work as isolated operation processes, so that the application of equipment in the system is reduced, the occupied area is reduced, the equipment investment application is reduced, and the system structure is simpler and more compact.
2. Compared with the existing molten salt energy storage system, the molten salt tank, the electric heater and other auxiliary equipment in the salt melting process are reduced, the circulating hot air is utilized to continuously transfer heat to the solid molten salt in the storage tank, and the cost and the occupied area of equipment in the salt melting process are reduced. Compared with the molten salt anti-condensation treatment of the existing molten salt energy storage system, the immersed sleeve heater is not arranged at the bottom of the tank wall of the storage tank, and the full-body circulating hot air is adopted to maintain the temperature of molten salt in the tank, so that the risk of leakage caused by uneven stress on the bottom of the tank wall is avoided, and the safety of the system is enhanced.
3. The low-temperature and high-temperature molten salt storage tank adopts an integrated design, has compact and simple structure, shortens the preheating time of the tank body on the cold salt side and the hot salt side, has higher efficiency, and can control the temperature rise rate of the tank wall by controlling the flow velocity of hot air when entering the air duct.
4. The system of the invention utilizes the stirrer to stir so as to accelerate the salt melting speed, shorten the time of the molten salt melting process, and remove the stirrer after salt melting is finished, so that the stirrer can be also applied to the next salt melting of the molten salt energy storage system or the next molten salt energy storage system.
5. The system provided by the invention has a storage function, heat is stored in a molten salt medium in a sensible heat mode while the wall of the tank is heated by hot air, and heat is supplied to the outside in a high-temperature steam or direct heat exchange mode when energy supply is needed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a comparative structure of the present invention along a central axis of a tank;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the top of an insulated refractory wall in the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of molten salt stored energy in the system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the molten salt exothermic structure in the system of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a gas furnace; 2. a blower; 3. a thermally insulating refractory wall; 4. a storage tank; 5. a heat resistant separator; 6. a stirrer; 7. circulating air interlayer; 8. a circulating wind inlet; 9. a circulating air outlet; 10. an air delivery pipeline; 11. an air supply pipeline; 12. a circulating air duct; 13. a fresh air pipeline; 14. a deflector; 15. a cold salt pump; 16 a hot salt pump; 17. a molten salt/steam reformer; 18. a molten salt distribution ring;
41. a cold salt side; 42. a hot salt side;
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and attached drawings. The specific examples are only for further detailed description of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present application.
The invention provides a fused salt energy storage system (a system for short, see fig. 1-5) with integrated functions of preheating, salt dissolving, anti-condensation and storage, which comprises a gas furnace 1, a fan 2, an adiabatic refractory wall 3, a storage tank 4, a stirrer 6, a cold salt pump 15, a hot salt pump 16 and a fused salt/steam converter 17;
the cold air inlet of the gas furnace 1 is connected with a fresh air pipeline 13, and external fresh air enters the gas furnace 1 through the fresh air pipeline 13; the hot air outlet of the gas furnace 1 is connected with the air inlet of the fan 2 through an air conveying pipeline 10, the air outlet of the fan 2 is connected with a circulating air inlet 8 on one side of the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall 3 through an air supply pipeline 11, and a circulating air outlet 9 on the other side of the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall 3 is connected with a fresh air pipeline 13 through a circulating air pipeline 12; the heat-insulating refractory wall 3 is wrapped on the outer side of the storage tank 4 at the same time, an interlayer is arranged between the heat-insulating refractory wall 3 and the storage tank 4, the interlayer is called a circulating air interlayer 7, hot air generated by the gas furnace 1 flows in the circulating air interlayer 7 to heat molten salt in the storage tank 4, and the gas furnace 1, the fan 2, the circulating air interlayer 7 and three air pipes form a circulating air system; the circulating air interlayer 7 is internally provided with a guide plate 14 which is arranged along the central axis of the storage tank 4, the guide plate 14 is respectively and hermetically connected with the outer wall of the storage tank 4 and the inner wall of the heat-insulating refractory wall 3, so that hot air entering the circulating air interlayer 7 from the circulating air inlet 8 sequentially passes through the hot salt side 42 and the cold salt side 41 of the storage tank 4, and the molten salt in the hot salt side 42 and the cold salt side 41 is heated by the transferred heat; the central axial surface of the storage tank 4 is provided with a heat-resistant partition plate 5, the internal space of the storage tank 4 is divided into two parts by the heat-resistant partition plate 5, one part of the space is used for storing solid molten salt with lower temperature and is called a cold salt side 41, the cold salt side 41 is positioned below a circulating air outlet 9 on the heat-insulating refractory wall 3, the other part of the space is used for storing molten salt with high temperature and is called a hot salt side 42, and the hot salt side 42 is positioned below a circulating air inlet 8 on the heat-insulating refractory wall 3; the top of the cold salt side 41 is provided with a molten salt filling port, a cold salt pump 15 and an exhaust valve, the cold salt pump 15 is fixedly connected with the storage tank 4 through a flange, a molten salt outlet of the cold salt side 41 is connected with a molten salt inlet of the hot salt side 42 through a cold molten salt pipeline, the cold salt pump 15 is positioned on the cold molten salt pipeline, and a stop valve and a regulating valve are also arranged on the cold molten salt pipeline; the tank top of the hot salt side 42 is provided with a hot salt pump 16 and an exhaust valve, the hot salt pump 16 is fixedly connected with the storage tank 4 through a flange, a molten salt outlet of the hot salt side 42 is connected with a hot salt inlet of the molten salt/steam converter 17 through a hot molten salt pipeline, the hot salt pump 16 is positioned on the hot molten salt pipeline, the hot molten salt pipeline is also provided with a stop valve and a regulating valve, and a cold salt outlet of the molten salt/steam converter 17 is connected with a converter return salt port at the top of the storage tank 4 through a return salt pipeline; the stirrer 6 is fixedly connected with a stirrer arrangement port on the heat-insulating refractory wall 3 in a flange connection mode, and a stirring rod of the stirrer 6 extends into the inner cavity of the tank body at the cold salt side 41 and is used for stirring in the salt dissolving process.
The circulating air pipeline 12, the air supply pipeline 11 and the air conveying pipeline 10 are respectively provided with regulating valves, and the air quantity in the pipeline is controlled by controlling the opening degree of the regulating valves; the air supply pipeline 11 is also provided with a flowmeter and a thermometer, the flowmeter is used for monitoring the air quantity in the pipeline, the thermometer is used for monitoring the air temperature entering the circulating air interlayer 7, and the flowmeter and the thermometer both have remote transmission functions.
The molten salt distribution rings 18 are arranged at the tail end of the cold molten salt pipeline and the tail end of the salt return pipeline, nozzles are uniformly arranged on the molten salt distribution rings 18, the molten salt distribution rings 18 extend below the molten salt liquid level, and the storage tank 4 is prevented from vibrating in the process of entering the storage tank 4. The molten salt distribution ring 18 has a regular hexagon, a diamond shape, or the like.
The cold salt side 41 and the hot salt side 42 are respectively provided with a radar liquid level transmitter and a molten salt temperature transmitter, the liquid level height and the temperature of molten salt in the tank body are respectively monitored, and the two transmitters have a remote transmission function and are fixedly connected with the storage tank 4 in a flange connection mode.
The outer wall of the heat-insulating refractory wall 3 is provided with a heat-insulating layer, the heat conductivity coefficient of materials used for the heat-insulating layer is not higher than 0.04W/(m.k), heat is prevented from being transferred to surrounding objects or air in a radiation and convection mode, and the temperature drop of hot air in a circulating air interlayer is reduced, so that the temperature of molten salt in a storage tank is maintained.
In this embodiment, the heat-insulating refractory wall 3 may be made of materials with fire resistance and high temperature resistance, such as diatomite bricks, light magnesia bricks, asbestos, etc.; the storage tank 4 is made of high Wen Nairong salt corrosion resistant materials such as 0Cr18Ni11Nb stainless steel, 07Cr18Ni11Nb stainless steel, Q345R alloy steel and the like, and the heat resistant partition plate 5 and the guide plate 14 are made of materials with good welding performance and high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance such as 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 stainless steel, 00Cr19Ni10 stainless steel, Q345R alloy steel and the like; the air conveying pipeline 10, the air supply pipeline 11, the cold melting salt pipeline and the hot molten salt pipeline are all subjected to heat preservation treatment, heat preservation cotton is wrapped on the outer wall of the pipeline, the heat preservation cotton is preferably selected from but not limited to an aluminum silicate fiber blanket with high-strength hydrophobicity, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat preservation cotton is required to be still maintained below 0.16W/m/K at 600+/-10 ℃.
In this embodiment, the stirrer 6 is fastened to the insulated refractory wall 3 by a flange, and the salt dissolving stage for the next or the next energy storage system is conveniently removed when the salt dissolving work is completed. The heat-insulating fire-resistant wall 3 is fixedly connected with the air supply pipeline 11 and the circulating air pipeline 12 through flanges, so that the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall is convenient to detach and overhaul. The molten salt in the molten salt/steam converter 17 works through a tube side, and the water supply works through a shell side, and the water supply can be provided by a water supply system in the original plant area. The cold salt pump 15 and the hot salt pump 16 are in a one-to-one mode, and can be put into use at any time when one of the pump bodies fails to ensure the normal operation of the system. The fan 2 has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, variable frequency and the like, and can be selected from but not limited to a W5-48 high temperature resistant variable frequency fan.
The operation process of the system is divided into five stages of preheating, salt dissolving, anti-condensation, storage and heat release, and the specific process of each stage is as follows:
preheating: the solid molten salt is filled into the cold salt side 41 tank body through a molten salt filling port at the tank top, the external water supply system adds proper water into the cold salt side 41 tank body, and an exhaust valve at the tank top of the cold salt side 41 is in an open state; when the gas furnace 1 starts to work, external fresh air enters the furnace from a cold air inlet of the gas furnace 1 through a fresh air pipeline 13 to be heated, and then enters a fan 2 through an air conveying pipeline 10 to generate a large amount of hot air, the hot air enters a circulating air interlayer 7 through an air supply pipeline 11 and flows in the circulating air interlayer 7, the hot air sequentially flows to the outer side of a cold salt side 41 tank wall from the outer side of a hot salt side 42 tank wall under the action of a guide plate 14, and the hot air continuously transfers heat carried by the hot air to the tank body wall surface of a storage tank 4 to perform heat exchange in the flowing process, so that the preheating and heating of the whole tank body of the storage tank 4 are realized; hot air which completes heat exchange in the circulating air interlayer 7 is discharged from a circulating air outlet 9 at the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall 3, the hot air discharged from the circulating air outlet 9 enters a fresh air pipeline 13 through a circulating air pipeline 12, and is transported into the gas furnace 1 again for repeated heating and utilization after being fused with fresh air, so that the preheating of the storage tank 4 is completed; the temperatures of the tank wall surfaces on the cold salt side 41 and the hot salt side 42 are monitored during the preheating process by means of two surface temperature transmitters arranged on the tank roof, respectively, until the respective operating temperatures are reached. In the embodiment, the air temperature entering the circulating air interlayer 7 is controlled to be 650 ℃, and the air temperature exiting the circulating air interlayer 7 is controlled to be 400 ℃; the solid molten salt can be binary molten salt or ternary molten salt, the working temperature of the hot salt side 42 is 500 ℃, and the working temperature of the cold salt side 41 is 290 ℃.
Salt dissolving stage: after the gas furnace 1 is started for a period of time to finish preheating, a stirrer 6 is started, the wall surface temperature of the storage tank 4 is gradually increased under the heating of hot air, and the solid molten salt in the tank body at the cold salt side 41 is heated; the solid molten salt is used as a heat storage medium, the temperature of the solid molten salt is increased by absorbing the heat of the wall surface of the tank body, and after the temperature of the molten salt reaches the melting temperature, the solid molten salt is quickly melted under the combined action of the stirring of the stirrer 6 and the water supply in the tank body; because the temperature rise of the water supply in the tank body and the melting of the solid molten salt are completed by absorbing the heat of the wall surface of the tank body, the phenomenon that the temperature of the wall surface of the tank body is rapidly increased is slowed down; monitoring the temperature of molten salt in the tank body of the cold salt side 41 through a molten salt temperature transmitter positioned at the tank top of the cold salt side 41, continuously heating for a period of time after the temperature reaches above the melting temperature of the molten salt, and then turning off the stirrer 6 to finish salt melting; the stirrer 6 can be removed after the salt formation stage has ended.
And (3) a storage stage: after salt melting is finished, a cold salt pump 15 and a stop valve on a cold molten salt pipeline are opened, molten salt at the cold salt side 41 is conveyed to a hot salt side 42 tank body for storage, and the molten salt is uniformly and stably released through a molten salt distribution ring 18 at the tail end of the cold molten salt pipeline, so that the vibration of a storage tank 4 is avoided; the molten salt is taken as an energy storage medium and continuously absorbs heat transferred from the wall surface of the tank body after entering the hot salt side 42, the temperature of the molten salt in the tank body of the hot salt side 42 is continuously increased through long-time hot air circulation, the temperature of the molten salt in the tank body of the hot salt side 42 is monitored through a molten salt temperature transmitter positioned at the tank top of the hot salt side 42 until the working temperature is reached, the heat provided by hot air is stored in the molten salt in a sensible heat form, and when heat is needed to be supplied, the molten salt supplies heat to the outside in a high-temperature steam or direct heat exchange form.
And (3) an anti-condensation stage: after the molten salt reaches the working temperature, a large amount of hot air is not needed for heating, and in order to ensure that the use in heat supply is not affected, the temperature of the molten salt is required to be maintained within a certain range, so the flow rate and the flow rate of the hot air entering the circulating air interlayer 7 are controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the fan 2 and the opening of the regulating valve on the air supply pipeline 11, and the temperature of the molten salt is maintained by supplying a small amount of hot air, so that the molten salt is prevented from being solidified.
Exothermic phase: when heat supply is needed, a hot salt pump 16 and a stop valve on a hot salt pipeline are opened, and molten salt in a hot salt side 42 tank body is pressurized by the hot salt pump 16 and transported by the hot salt pipeline and then enters a salt/steam converter 17; the factory water supply system conveys the water supply to the water supply inlet of the fused salt/steam converter 17 through a water pipeline; in the fused salt/steam converter 17, the fused salt exchanges heat with the feed water provided by the factory water supply system, the fused salt works through the tube side of the fused salt/steam converter 17, and the feed water works through the shell side of the fused salt/steam converter 17; the water is vaporized after absorbing the heat carried by the molten salt, saturated steam is generated and released from a steam outlet of the molten salt/steam converter 17, and the water is transported through a steam pipeline for heat supply or industrial steam; the molten salt with the heat release completed is discharged through the cold salt outlet of the molten salt/steam converter 17, and is introduced into the cold salt side 41 tank from the converter return salt port, so that the heat release of the molten salt is completed. In the exothermic stage, the flow rate of molten salt is controlled by controlling the opening degree of the regulating valve on the hot molten salt pipe, thereby controlling the heat exchange amount in the molten salt/steam converter 17.
The invention is applicable to the prior art where it is not described.
Claims (2)
1. A fused salt energy storage system integrating the functions of preheating, salt melting, anti-condensation and storage comprises a gas furnace, a fan, a heat-insulating refractory wall, a storage tank, a stirrer, a cold salt pump, a hot salt pump and a fused salt/steam converter; it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the hot air outlet of the gas furnace is connected with a circulating air inlet at one side of the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall through a fan, and the circulating air outlet at the other side of the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall is connected with a fresh air pipeline at the cold air inlet of the gas furnace; the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall is wrapped on the outer side of the storage tank at the same time, a circulating air interlayer is arranged between the heat-insulating fire-resistant wall and the storage tank, the circulating air interlayer is respectively communicated with the circulating air inlet and the circulating air outlet, and a guide plate arranged along the central axis of the storage tank is arranged in the circulating air interlayer, so that hot air entering the circulating air interlayer sequentially passes through the hot salt side and the cold salt side of the storage tank; the central axial surface of the storage tank is provided with a heat-resistant baffle plate, the storage tank is divided into a cold salt side and a hot salt side, and the cold salt side and the hot salt side are respectively positioned below a circulating air outlet and a circulating air inlet of the heat-insulating refractory wall; the cold salt side is connected with the hot salt side through a cold salt pump, the hot salt side is connected with a hot salt inlet of a fused salt/steam converter through the hot salt pump at the same time, a cold salt outlet of the fused salt/steam converter is connected with the cold salt side, and steam generated by the fused salt/steam converter is used for heating or industrial steam; the stirrer is detachably arranged at the top of the heat-insulating refractory wall and is used for stirring in a salt dissolving stage;
the operation process of the system comprises five stages of preheating, salt dissolving, anti-condensation, storage and heat release;
preheating: adding solid molten salt and a proper amount of water into a tank body at the cold salt side, enabling hot air generated by a gas furnace to enter a circulating air interlayer through a fan, enabling the hot air to sequentially flow from the hot salt side to the cold salt side under the action of a guide plate, and performing heat exchange with a storage tank to achieve preheating of the storage tank; the hot air after heat exchange enters the gas furnace through a fresh air pipeline to be recycled;
salt dissolving stage: after preheating, starting a stirrer to stir the molten salt, continuously heating the storage tank by hot air flowing in the circulating air interlayer to continuously increase the temperature of the solid molten salt, gradually melting the solid molten salt after the temperature reaches the melting temperature, continuously heating for a period of time until the solid molten salt is completely melted, and stopping the stirrer; after salt formation is completed, the stirrer can be dismantled for the next salt formation of the system or another molten salt energy storage system;
and (3) a storage stage: after salt melting is finished, a cold salt pump is started to convey molten salt at the cold salt side to a hot salt side tank body for storage, and the molten salt in the hot salt side tank body continuously absorbs heat of the wall of a storage tank to improve the temperature of the tank until the temperature reaches the working temperature;
and (3) an anti-condensation stage: after the molten salt reaches the working temperature, reducing the flow speed and flow of hot air entering the circulating air interlayer, and maintaining the temperature of the molten salt by supplying a small amount of hot air;
exothermic phase: when heat supply is needed, a hot salt pump is started to convey molten salt in the tank body at the hot salt side to a molten salt/steam converter, heat exchange is carried out on the molten salt and water in the molten salt/steam converter, steam for heat supply or industrial steam is generated, and the molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the tank body at the cold salt side.
2. The molten salt energy storage system integrating functions of preheating, salt melting, anti-condensation and storage as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cold salt side is connected with the hot salt side through a cold molten salt pipeline, and the molten salt/steam converter is connected with the cold salt side through a salt return pipeline; the tail end of the cold molten salt pipeline and the tail end of the salt returning pipeline are respectively provided with a molten salt distribution ring which stretches into the molten salt below the liquid level, nozzles are uniformly arranged on the molten salt distribution rings, and molten salt is sprayed out of the nozzles.
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| CN116718059B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-10-27 | 山西中能天胜科技有限公司 | Power station peak shaving system and method based on high-capacity high-temperature molten salt energy storage |
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