CN113175827A - Waste heat gathering device and smelting furnace waste heat grading efficient utilization system - Google Patents
Waste heat gathering device and smelting furnace waste heat grading efficient utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113175827A CN113175827A CN202110608501.8A CN202110608501A CN113175827A CN 113175827 A CN113175827 A CN 113175827A CN 202110608501 A CN202110608501 A CN 202110608501A CN 113175827 A CN113175827 A CN 113175827A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/20—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat gathering device and a smelting furnace waste heat stepped efficient utilization system, which comprises a waste heat collecting cylinder, a spiral pipe and a first water tank, wherein the spiral pipe and the first water tank are positioned in the waste heat collecting cylinder; the spiral pipe and the first water tank are respectively connected with external equipment through pipelines, medium oil flows through the spiral pipe, and medium water flows through the first water tank. According to the invention, the medium oil of the spiral pipe is used for carrying out the waste heat absorption of the first-stage layer, and the medium water in the first water tank is used for carrying out the waste heat absorption of the second-stage layer, so that the high-efficiency deep utilization of the waste heat of the smelting furnace in the manufacturing process of the automobile aluminum alloy wheel is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization, in particular to a waste heat gathering device and a smelting furnace waste heat grading efficient utilization system.
Background
According to the latest data statistics, in the energy consumption line, the energy consumption of the industrial furnace reaches the second place nationwide only after thermal power generation. At present, industrial furnaces in China have high energy consumption and low utilization rate, the heat efficiency utilization rate is about 30% on average, wherein the heat efficiency utilization rate of a forging heating furnace is between 10% and 20%, the heat efficiency utilization rate of heat treatment is between 10% and 25%, the utilization rate of a smelting furnace is between 30% and 40%, and more than half of waste heat is not effectively utilized, so that the phenomenon of great energy waste of the industrial furnaces in China is seen.
In the automobile manufacturing industry, the proportion of aluminum alloy parts in the whole automobile is increased more and more, wherein the loading rate of aluminum alloy wheels of light automobiles exceeds 90%, the aluminum wheel industry in China at present is low in energy utilization rate, waste heat in the production process is basically directly discharged, the rate of secondary utilization is very low, and the efficiency of waste heat utilization is also very low, so that energy waste and high production cost are caused, and the influence on the environment is caused. Such as: the temperature of waste heat discharged from a chimney of a smelting furnace in the manufacturing process of the aluminum alloy wheel is 600-850 ℃, and the waste heat cannot be effectively utilized unfortunately. With the increasing international energy-saving and environment-friendly call, particularly, the high attention on the emission of greenhouse gases, the manufacturing of the automobile aluminum wheel serving as a high-energy-consumption industry urgently needs energy conservation and emission reduction through technical transformation, the heat efficiency utilization rate is improved, the production cost of an enterprise is continuously reduced, and the competitiveness of the international market is enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, waste heat discharged by a chimney of a smelting furnace cannot be fully utilized, so that the energy utilization rate is low and the environment is polluted, the invention provides a waste heat gathering device and a smelting furnace waste heat stepped efficient utilization system to solve the problems.
The invention provides a waste heat gathering device, which comprises a waste heat collecting cylinder, a spiral pipe and a first water tank, wherein the spiral pipe and the first water tank are positioned in the waste heat collecting cylinder; the spiral pipe and the first water tank are respectively connected with external equipment through pipelines, medium oil flows through the spiral pipe, and medium water flows through the first water tank.
The waste heat that the smelting furnace discharged flows through first flue gas passageway earlier, carry out the waste heat absorption of first stratum through the spiral pipe, reentrant second flue gas passageway, carry out the waste heat absorption of second stratum through first water tank, and carry out the heat transfer through the medium of two kinds of different heat conduction efficiency, the higher medium oil of heat conduction efficiency carries out the first order to the flue gas and absorbs, absorb most flue gas heat, the lower medium water of heat conduction efficiency carries out the second level to the flue gas and absorbs, absorb remaining small heat, thereby can absorb most flue gas waste heat in waste heat gathering device, thereby reduce the flue gas temperature from gas outlet exhaust, the waste heat both obtains effective utilization and reduces environmental pollution.
Further, first water tank is located the top of spiral pipe, the spiral pipe is located the center of waste heat collecting vessel, and first water tank installs in the circumference of waste heat collecting vessel inboard, forms the second flue gas passageway with the gas outlet intercommunication between the inner wall of first water tank.
Further, the spiral pipe is located the center of waste heat collecting cylinder, first water tank is located the periphery of spiral pipe, and the region that the spiral pipe was located is first flue gas channel, and second flue gas channel is located the periphery of first water tank, and the entry of second flue gas channel is located the top, has the exhaust passage who extends to the gas outlet by the bottom of second flue gas channel in the second flue gas channel.
Furthermore, the top of the spiral pipe is provided with a top plate for isolating the first flue gas channel from the gas outlet, the top plate and the wall surface of the first water tank form an inlet of a second flue gas channel, and a fan for blowing downwards is arranged in the second flue gas channel.
Further, the spiral pipe is coiled from bottom to top to form a conical structure with the diameter gradually reduced.
The invention also provides a smelting furnace waste heat step-by-step efficient utilization system which comprises a hot oil circulating device, a hot water circulating device and the waste heat gathering device, wherein the hot oil circulating device is connected with the spiral pipe, the hot oil circulating device is suitable for outputting hot air or hot water, the hot water circulating device is connected with the first water tank, and the hot water circulating device is suitable for outputting warm air and hot water.
Furthermore, hot oil circulating device includes oil tank and hot-blast output mechanism, hot-blast output mechanism includes the protection casing, is located hot oil heat exchanger and the fan of protection casing, the protection casing has hot air exitus, the entry end of spiral pipe is connected to the oil tank, the exit end of spiral pipe is connected to the entry end of first hot oil radiator, and the exit end of first hot oil radiator connects the oil tank. The medium oil flows through the spiral pipe and the first hot oil heat exchanger from the oil tank in sequence and then flows back to the oil tank.
Furthermore, the hot oil circulating device further comprises a hot water output mechanism, the hot water output mechanism comprises a second water tank and a second hot oil heat exchanger positioned in the second water tank, the inlet end of the second hot oil heat exchanger is connected with the outlet end of the spiral pipe, and the outlet end of the second hot oil heat exchanger is connected with the oil tank.
Further, the hot water circulation device comprises a third water tank, a water heating heat exchanger and a shower; the third water tank is connected with the inlet end of the first water tank, the outlet end of the first water tank is simultaneously connected with the water heating heat exchanger and the shower, and the outlet end of the water heating heat exchanger is connected with the third water tank.
Further, the flow sensor sends a flow signal to the PLC, the temperature sensor sends a temperature signal to the PLC, and the PLC can control the flow velocity of the medium oil in the spiral pipe and the temperature of the output medium oil; the PLC controller controls the liquid level of the medium water in each water tank, and the control switch can control the working state of each water pump and each oil pump.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the waste heat gathering device and the smelting furnace waste heat grading high-efficiency utilization system, waste heat absorption of the first-order layer is performed through the medium oil of the spiral pipe, and waste heat absorption of the second-order layer is performed through the medium water in the first water tank, so that the smelting furnace waste heat is efficiently and deeply utilized in the manufacturing process of the automobile aluminum alloy wheel, energy conservation and emission reduction in the manufacturing process of the aluminum wheel are promoted, the green manufacturing technology is improved, and the production cost of enterprises is reduced.
(2) According to the waste heat gathering device and the smelting furnace waste heat grading high-efficiency utilization system, the waste heat utilization of the second grade is carried out by heating the first water tank, the waste heat flows around the first water tank in the second flue gas channel in an annular mode under the action of the fan, the circulation path of the flue gas in the second flue gas channel is enlarged, and the high heat exchange capacity is further increased.
(3) According to the waste heat gathering device and the smelting furnace waste heat grading high-efficiency utilization system, heat after heat exchange through the spiral pipe can be used for further heat exchange to output hot air and hot water, so that the working environment of a workshop is improved; the hot water heated by the first water tank can be used for providing heating and hot water for a workshop, and the medium oil and the medium water are in a circulating flow state in the whole system, so that the medium oil and the medium water are not required to be provided continuously.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a waste heat staged efficient utilization system of a smelting furnace according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the waste heat staged efficient utilization system of the smelting furnace of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas flow path in the waste heat collecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a hot air output mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the hot water output mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the piping connection of the water heating heat exchanger according to the present invention;
figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the plumbing connections for a shower in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a waste heat collecting cylinder, 101, an air inlet, 102, an air outlet, 2, a spiral pipe, 3, a first water tank, 4, a first flue gas channel, 5, a second flue gas channel, 501, an exhaust channel, 502, an inlet, 6, a holding furnace chimney, 7, an aluminum melting furnace chimney, 8, a top plate, 9, a fan, 10, an oil tank, 11, a hot air output mechanism, 1101, a protective cover, 1102, a first hot oil heat exchanger, 1103, a fan, 1104, a hot air outlet, 1105, a first hot oil supply pipe, 12, a hot water output mechanism, 1201, a second water tank, 1202, a second hot oil heat exchanger, 1203, a water inlet pipe, 1204, a water outlet pipe, 1205, a second hot oil supply pipe, 13, a first oil inlet pipe, 14, a flow sensor, 15, a second oil pump, 16, an oil return pipe, 17, a first oil pump, 18, a third water tank, 19, a water heating heat exchanger, 20, 2001, a shower, and a hot water inlet pipe, 2002. the water heater comprises a cold water pipe, 21, a first water inlet pipe, 22, a first water pump, 23, a booster water pump, 24, a first hot water supply pipe, 25, a second hot water supply pipe, 26, a water return pipe, 27, a second water pump, 28, a PLC (programmable logic controller), 29, a temperature sensor, 30, a temperature controller, 31, a first floating ball, 32, an electromagnetic valve, 33, a second floating ball, 34, a booster oil pump, 35, a conical flow dividing cover, 36, a control switch, 37 and an indicator light.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" is to be interpreted broadly, e.g. as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
A waste heat gathering device comprises a waste heat collecting cylinder 1, a spiral pipe 2 and a first water tank 3, wherein the spiral pipe 2 and the first water tank 3 are positioned in the waste heat collecting cylinder 1, the bottom of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 is provided with an air inlet 101, the top of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 is provided with an air outlet 102, a first flue gas channel 4 for heating the spiral pipe 2 and a second flue gas channel 5 for heating the first water tank 3 are also arranged in the waste heat collecting cylinder 1, and flue gas is discharged from the air outlet 102 after sequentially passing through the air inlet 101, the first flue gas channel 4 and the second flue gas channel 5; the spiral pipe 2 and the first water tank 3 are respectively connected with external equipment through pipelines, medium oil flows through the spiral pipe 2, and medium water flows through the first water tank 3.
The temperature of flue gas is higher, consequently need use medium oil to absorb the high heat part, and the low heat part is absorbed to rethread medium water, if directly use medium water heat transfer will lead to medium water gasification to cause the safety fault. The heat of the flue gas absorbed by the primary waste heat of the medium oil is greatly reduced, and the medium oil with higher cost does not need to be reused for cooling, so that a second-order cooling form of the medium oil and the medium water is adopted in the invention.
The flue gas of smelting furnace gets into waste heat collecting vessel 1 from air inlet 101, passes through first flue gas passageway 4 earlier, utilizes spiral pipe 2 to carry out the first order waste heat and absorbs, and rethread second flue gas passageway 5 utilizes first water tank 3 to carry out the second grade waste heat and absorbs, discharges from gas outlet 102 at last, and the medium oil that is heated in spiral pipe 2 and the medium water that is heated in the first water tank 3 can carry out the reutilization.
Waste heat collecting cylinder 1 is cylindrical structure, and waste heat collecting cylinder 1's size is decided according to the smelting furnace release waste heat volume, and waste heat collecting cylinder 1's diameter is 1200 ~ 1500mm in this embodiment, highly is 2000 ~ 2500mm, and waste heat collecting cylinder 1's periphery sets up the heat preservation that 50 ~ 80mm is thick.
The spiral pipe 2 preferably adopts a conical structure with the diameter gradually reduced by coiling from bottom to top, and the conical surface of the first water tank 3 is a truncated cone-shaped structure with the diameter gradually reduced from bottom to top, so that the waste heat utilization efficiency is improved for increasing the waste heat contact area. In addition, the structure that the diameter of the top part is reduced is beneficial to the redistribution of the smoke after the smoke is concentrated at the top part.
The volume of the first water tank 3 can be set to 600-1000L according to the melting capacity and the waste heat discharge amount of the melting furnace, the taper angle of the conical surface of the first water tank 3 is 15-25 degrees, copper sheets with the thickness of 3.0-5.0 mm and the width of 30-50 mm are arranged on the side surface and the bottom surface of the first water tank 3, and the purpose of the method is to increase the contact area of waste heat and improve the utilization rate of the waste heat.
The taper angle of the spiral tube 2 is 15-25 degrees, the upper end diameter of the conical structure formed by coiling the spiral tube 2 is 250-400 mm, the lower end diameter is 800-1200 mm, the thread pitch is 50-80 mm, the inner diameter of the spiral tube 2 is 20-30 mm, the material is red copper, a copper sheet with the thickness of 1.5-2.5 mm and the height of 20-30 mm is arranged on the surface of the spiral tube 2, the purpose is to increase the contact area of waste heat, and the utilization rate of the waste heat is improved.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a waste heat collecting device comprises a waste heat collecting cylinder 1, a spiral pipe 2 and a first water tank 3 which are arranged in the waste heat collecting cylinder 1, wherein the first water tank 3 is arranged above the spiral pipe 2, the bottom center of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 is provided with an air inlet 101, the top center of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 is provided with an air outlet 102, the spiral pipe 2 is arranged in the center of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1, the first water tank 3 is arranged at the circumferential inner side of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1, the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 is also provided with a first flue gas channel 4 for heating the spiral pipe 2 and a second flue gas channel 5 for heating the first water tank 3, a second flue gas channel 5 communicated with the air outlet 102 is formed between the inner walls of the first water tank 3, and flue gas is discharged from the air outlet 102 after passing through the; the spiral pipe 2 and the first water tank 3 are respectively connected with external equipment through pipelines, medium oil flows through the spiral pipe 2, and medium water flows through the first water tank 3. The medium oil used in this example is 320 heat conducting oil, and the maximum temperature of the operation is 320 ℃.
The heat preservation furnace chimney 6 and the aluminum melting furnace chimney 7 are connected with the air inlet 101 of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 after being collected, the diameter of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 is 1300mm, the height of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 is 2200mm, and a heat preservation layer with the thickness of 60mm is arranged on the periphery of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1.
The volume of the first water tank 3 is set to 800L, the conical surface taper angle of the first water tank 3 is 20 degrees, and copper sheets with the thickness of 4.0mm and the width of 30mm are arranged on the inner side surface and the bottom surface of the first water tank 3.
The cone angle of the spiral pipe 2 is 20 degrees, the upper end diameter of the conical structure formed by coiling the spiral pipe 2 is 300mm, the lower end diameter is 1000mm, the thread pitch is 60mm, the inner diameter of the spiral pipe 2 is 25mm, the material is red copper, and a copper sheet with the thickness of 2.5mm and the height of 25mm is arranged on the surface of the spiral pipe 2.
The first flue gas channel 4 is the area where the spiral pipe 2 is located, the second flue gas channel 5 is located in the center of the inner ring of the first water tank 3 and is located right above the first flue gas channel 4, and flue gas passes through the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 from bottom to top and exchanges heat with medium oil in the spiral pipe 2 and medium water in the first water tank 3 in the flowing process.
In order to make the flue gas fully contact with the spiral pipe 2 and the first water tank 3, the upper part of the air inlet 101 and the top of the spiral pipe 2 are respectively provided with a conical flow-dividing cover 35, the conical angle of the conical flow-dividing cover 35 is 120 degrees, the bottom surface diameter of the conical flow-dividing cover 35 on the upper part of the air inlet 101 is preferably 250-400 mm, the bottom surface diameter of the conical flow-dividing cover 35 on the top of the spiral pipe 2 is preferably 300-400 mm, and in the embodiment, the bottom surface diameter of the conical flow-dividing cover 35 on the upper part of the air inlet 101 is 300 mm; the bottom surface of the conical flow-dividing hood 35 at the top of the spiral pipe 2 has a diameter of 300 mm.
Example two
In the first embodiment, the first water tank 3 is located above the spiral pipe 2, which results in a larger height of the waste heat collecting cylinder 1 and a poorer structural stability, and the flue gas in the first embodiment moves from bottom to top, the heat exchange area of the flue gas is smaller, and in the second flue gas channel 5, a lot of flue gas in the center is directly discharged from the gas outlet 102 without heat exchange, therefore, the first embodiment is improved as follows:
as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the spiral pipe 2 is located in the center of the waste heat collecting barrel 1, the first water tank 3 is located at the periphery of the spiral pipe 2, the area where the spiral pipe 2 is located is the first flue gas channel 4, the second flue gas channel 5 is located at the periphery of the first water tank 3, the inlet 502 of the second flue gas channel 5 is located at the top, and the second flue gas channel 5 has an exhaust channel 501 extending from the bottom of the second flue gas channel 5 to the air outlet 102.
The flue gas firstly enters the second flue gas channel 5 after being discharged from the first flue gas channel 4, then is discharged to the gas outlet 102 from the bottom of the second flue gas channel 5 through the exhaust channel 501, and is discharged after surrounding a circle along the periphery of the first water tank 3, so that the heat exchange area is increased, and sufficient heat exchange is ensured.
The concrete structure is as follows: the top of the spiral pipe 2 is provided with a top plate 8 for isolating the first flue gas channel 4 from the gas outlet 102, the top plate 8 and the wall surface of the first water tank 3 form an inlet 502 of the second flue gas channel 5, a fan 9 for blowing downwards is further arranged in the second flue gas channel 5, the top plate 8 enables the flue gas flowing out of the first flue gas channel 4 to enter the second flue gas channel 5 only instead of being discharged from the gas outlet 102, and the fan 9 accelerates the flow of the flue gas to the bottom of the second flue gas channel 5. As shown in fig. 2, fans 9 are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the top end of the waste heat collecting cylinder.
The waste heat passes through the second flue gas channel 5 after being absorbed by the spiral pipe 2 taking heat transfer oil as a medium, reaches the bottom of the second flue gas channel 5 under the action of the fan 9, the first water tank 3 taking water as a medium is surrounded by the second flue gas channel 5, the first water tank 3 is further heated through the waste heat, the water medium is heated, and the utilization of a second waste heat level is realized.
EXAMPLE III
The smelting furnace waste heat grading high-efficiency utilization system comprises a hot oil circulating device, a hot water circulating device and the waste heat gathering device, wherein the hot oil circulating device is connected with a spiral pipe 2 and is suitable for outputting hot air or hot water, the hot water circulating device is connected with a first water tank 3, and the hot water circulating device is suitable for outputting warm air and hot water.
The hot oil circulating device outputs hot air by utilizing part of heat conduction oil in the spiral pipe 2, an operator in a workshop is heated in winter, the hot oil circulating device is similar to an air conditioner in function, and the other part of heated heat conduction oil heats water for a process needing hot water in the production process.
The hot water circulating device outputs warm air by utilizing part of heated water in the first water tank 3, the working environment of a workshop can be improved in winter, the function similar to that of a radiator is realized, and the other part of heated water is used for washing or bathing by staff.
A hot oil circulating device and the spiral pipe 2 in the system form a circulating hot oil heat exchange system, a hot water circulating device and the first water tank 3 form a circulating hot water heat exchange system, and a heat conduction oil medium and a water medium can be recycled in the waste heat utilization process.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hot oil circulating device comprises an oil tank 10 and a hot air output mechanism 11, wherein the hot air output mechanism 11 comprises a protective cover 1101, a first hot oil heat exchanger 1102 and a fan 1103, the protective cover 1101 is positioned in the protective cover 1101, the protective cover 1101 is provided with a hot air outlet 1104, the oil tank 10 is connected with the inlet end of the spiral pipe 2, the inlet end of the first hot oil radiator 1102 is connected with the outlet end of the spiral pipe 2, and the outlet end of the first hot oil radiator 1102 is connected with the oil tank 10. The medium oil flows through the spiral pipe 2 and the first hot oil heat exchanger 1102 in sequence from the oil tank 10 and then flows back to the oil tank 10.
The oil tank 10 is a storage device for the medium oil recycling process.
The oil tank 10 is connected with the top of spiral pipe 2 through first advancing oil pipe 13, first advance oil pipe 13 and go up series connection installation flow sensor 14 and second oil pump 15, the bottom that the oil tank 10 was soaked to the one end of first advancing oil pipe 13, the top of spiral pipe 2 is connected to the other end of first advancing oil pipe 13, flow sensor 14 measures the velocity of flow of intraductal medium oil, the function of second oil pump 15 is for carrying the medium oil in the oil tank 10 for spiral pipe 2 and steerable medium oil is at its inside velocity of flow size.
As shown in fig. 4, a first hot oil heat exchanger 1102 is installed in a shield 1101, an oil inlet pipe of the first hot oil heat exchanger 1102 is connected with a first hot oil supply pipe 1105 at an outlet end of a spiral pipe 2, an oil outlet pipe of the first hot oil heat exchanger 1102 is connected with an oil return pipe 16, a fan 1103 is installed at the top end of the shield 1101, a hot air outlet 1104 is arranged at the lower end of the shield 1101, the first hot oil heat exchanger 1102 is composed of a plurality of groups of copper pipes with radiating copper sheets on surfaces, heat is radiated through high-temperature heat conducting oil, and the fan 1103 has a function of accelerating heat radiation of the first hot oil heat exchanger 1102.
The hot oil circulating device further comprises a hot water output mechanism 12, wherein the hot water output mechanism 12 comprises a second water tank 1201 and a second hot oil heat exchanger 1202 arranged in the second water tank 1201, the inlet end of the second hot oil heat exchanger 1202 is connected with the outlet end of the spiral pipe 2, and the outlet end of the second hot oil heat exchanger 1202 is connected with the oil tank 10.
As shown in fig. 5, the second water tank 1201 is connected to an external water source through a water inlet pipe 1203, a second hot oil heat exchanger 1202 is installed at the bottom of the second water tank 1201, the second hot oil heat exchanger 1202 is connected to an outlet end of the spiral pipe 2 through a second hot oil supply pipe 1205, an oil outlet pipe of the second hot oil heat exchanger 1202 is connected to an oil return pipe 16, the second hot oil heat exchanger 1202 heats water in the second water tank 1201 through circulation of high-temperature heat transfer oil, six groups of the second hot oil heat exchanger 1202 can be arranged according to the volume of the second water tank 1201, a water outlet pipe 1204 is installed at the bottom end of the second water tank 1201, and the heated water can be conveyed to a process requiring hot water through the water outlet pipe 1204 for use. The oil return pipe 16 is connected with a first oil pump 17, and the first oil pump 17 has a function of pumping heat conduction oil in the first hot oil heat exchanger 1102 and the second hot oil heat exchanger 1205 back to the oil tank 10 through the oil return pipe 16 to realize heat conduction oil recycling.
A booster oil pump 34 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the spiral pipe 2, and the booster oil pump 34 is used for promoting the flow of heat conducting oil in the first hot oil heat exchanger 1102 and the second hot oil heat exchanger 1205.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hot water circulation device includes a third water tank 18, a water heating heat exchanger 19, and a shower 20; the third water tank 18 is connected with the inlet end of the first water tank 3, the outlet end of the first water tank 3 is simultaneously connected with the water heating heat exchanger 19 and the shower 20, and the outlet of the water heating heat exchanger 19 is connected with the third water tank 18.
A first water inlet pipe 21 is connected between the third water tank 18 and the first water tank 3, a first water pump 22 is installed on a pipeline of the first water inlet pipe 21, one end of the first water inlet pipe 21 is immersed in the bottom of the third water tank 18, the other end of the first water inlet pipe is connected with the upper portion of the first water tank 3, and the first water pump 22 supplies water to the first water tank 3 during working.
The outlet end of the first water tank 3 is connected to a tee joint through a pipeline, and a booster water pump 23 is installed on the pipeline to improve the heat dissipation effect of the water heating heat exchanger 19 and maintain the hot water supply pressure of the shower 20, two outlets of the tee joint are respectively connected to a first hot water supply pipe 24 and a second hot water supply pipe 25, the first hot water supply pipe 24 is connected to a water inlet pipe 1203 of the water heating heat exchanger 19 (as shown in fig. 6), the second hot water supply pipe 25 is connected to a hot water inlet pipe 2001 of the shower 20, a water outlet pipe of the water heating heat exchanger 19 is connected to the third water tank 18 through a water return pipe 26, and a second water pump 27 is installed on the water return pipe 26, so that water in the water heating heat exchanger 19 is pumped into the third water tank 18 through the second water pump 27 to be recycled.
The water heating heat exchangers 19 can be arranged on the bottom side of the wall of the workshop in dozens of groups, so that the workshop can be warmed in winter, the ambient temperature of the workshop can be increased, and the comfort level of the working environment of workers can be improved.
As shown in figure 7, a hot water inlet pipe 2001 and a cold water pipe 2002 are connected to the shower 20, and the shower 20 is installed in a staff bathroom and can be provided with 4-8 groups for the staff to take a bath after work.
Example four
In order to realize the automatic control of the system of the present invention, this embodiment adds an automatic control device on the basis of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the automatic control device includes a flow sensor 14, a PLC controller 28, a temperature sensor 29, a temperature controller 30, and a control switch 36, the flow meter component sends a flow signal to the PLC controller 28, the temperature meter component sends a temperature signal to the PLC controller 28, and the PLC controller 28 can control the flow rate of the oil medium in the spiral pipe 2 and the temperature of the output medium oil; the PLC controller 28 can control the liquid level of the medium water in the first water tank 3 and the second water tank 18, and the control switch 36 can control the working state of each water pump and oil pump.
Controlling the flow rate and the temperature of the medium oil in the spiral pipe 2: the first oil inlet pipe 13 is provided with a flow sensor 14 and a second oil pump 15 in series, the second oil pump 15 is connected with the inlet end of the flow sensor 14, and the flow sensor 14 has the functions of measuring the flow velocity of the medium oil and transmitting the measured signal to the PLC 28. The outlet end of the spiral pipe 2 is connected with a temperature sensor 29 and a booster oil pump 34 in series, and the temperature sensor 29 has the functions of: the temperature of the medium oil output by the spiral pipe 2 is measured, a measurement signal is transmitted to the temperature controller 30, and the temperature controller 30 feeds the temperature signal back to the PLC 28.
For example, a low-temperature control parameter of the medium oil of 150 ℃ and a high-temperature control parameter of 280 ℃ are input into a temperature controller 30 in a system control cabinet, when the temperature sensor 29 detects that the temperature of the output medium oil exceeds 280 ℃, a temperature signal is fed back to the temperature controller 30, the temperature controller 30 feeds back the signal to a PLC controller 28, and the PLC controller 28 performs flow upgrade by analyzing the current flow of the flow sensor 14, so as to increase the conveying capacity of the second oil pump 15; when the temperature sensor 29 detects that the temperature of the output heat conduction oil is lower than 150 ℃, the signal is fed back to the temperature controller 30, the temperature controller 30 feeds back the signal to the PLC controller 28, and the PLC controller 28 performs flow degradation by analyzing the current flow of the flow sensor 14, so that the conveying capacity of the second oil pump 15 is weakened.
Waste heat absorption with heat conduction oil as a medium is used as waste heat utilization of a first level, the waste heat utilization of a high-temperature level of the whole waste heat utilization system is realized, and the temperature of output medium oil is 150-280 ℃.
Liquid level control in the third tank 18: the third water tank 18 is connected with a tap water pipe, an electromagnetic valve 32 is installed on a connecting pipeline, a first floating ball 31 is arranged in the third water tank 18, the first floating ball 31 can feed back information of the liquid level height in the third water tank 18 to the PLC 28, and when the liquid level height in the third water tank 18 is lower than a certain set value, the PLC 28 controls the electromagnetic valve 32 to be opened to supply water to the third water tank 18; when the height of the liquid level in the third water tank 18 reaches a certain set value, the PLC controller 28 controls the electromagnetic valve 32 to close, and stops supplying water to the third water tank 18.
Liquid level control in the first water tank 3: the upper end in the first water tank 3 is installed the second floater 33, and the second floater 33 can feed back the information of the liquid level of the first water tank 3 to the PLC controller 28, and when the liquid level in the first water tank 3 is lower than a certain set value, the PLC controller 28 controls the first water pump 22 to start to supply water to the first water tank 3, and when the liquid level in the first water tank 3 reaches a certain set value, the PLC controller 28 controls the first water pump 22 to close, and stops supplying water to the first water tank 3.
And the waste heat absorption with water as a medium is used as the second-stage waste heat utilization of the smelting furnace, the waste heat utilization is the low-temperature stage waste heat utilization of the whole waste heat utilization system, and the temperature of the output water medium is 50-100 ℃.
The control switch 36 controls the on and off of each water pump, oil pump or fan 9 and the power supply. An indicator light 37 may also be provided to indicate the operating status of each water pump, oil pump or fan 9.
Through the technical scheme, the waste heat discharged by the smelting furnace firstly flows through the spiral pipe 2 taking heat conduction oil as a medium to utilize the waste heat of the first layer, and the waste heat is absorbed by the spiral pipe 2 taking heat conduction oil as a medium and then the water medium is heated by the first water tank 3 taking water as a medium to realize the utilization of the waste heat of the second layer, so that the stepped efficient utilization of the waste heat of the smelting furnace in the production process of the automobile aluminum wheels is realized. The technical scheme has strong practicability, the utilization rate of the waste heat can reach 50% -60% by calculation, the method is calculated by 1.5 hundred million automobile aluminum wheels produced in China year, and the scheme can save electricity by 0.5 hundred million degrees when used for the waste heat of the smelting furnace, so that the technology not only realizes the energy conservation and emission reduction of the aluminum wheel manufacture, but also reduces the production cost of enterprises.
In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A waste heat collecting device is characterized in that: the waste heat recovery device comprises a waste heat collecting cylinder (1), a spiral pipe (2) and a first water tank (3) which are positioned in the waste heat collecting cylinder (1), wherein the bottom of the waste heat collecting cylinder (1) is provided with an air inlet (101), the top of the waste heat collecting cylinder is provided with an air outlet (102), the waste heat collecting cylinder (1) is also internally provided with a first flue gas channel (4) for heating the spiral pipe (2) and a second flue gas channel (5) for heating the first water tank (3), and flue gas is discharged from the air outlet (102) after sequentially passing through the air inlet (101), the first flue gas channel (4) and the second flue gas channel (5);
the spiral pipe (2) and the first water tank (3) are connected with external equipment through pipelines respectively, medium oil flows through the spiral pipe (2), and medium water flows through the first water tank (3).
2. The waste heat collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: first water tank (3) are located the top of spiral pipe (2), spiral pipe (2) are located the center of waste heat collecting cylinder (1), and first water tank (3) are installed in the circumference inboard of waste heat collecting cylinder (1), form second flue gas passageway (5) with gas outlet (102) intercommunication between the inner wall of first water tank (3).
3. The waste heat collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spiral pipe (2) is located the center of waste heat collecting cylinder (1), first water tank (3) are located the periphery of spiral pipe (2), and the region at spiral pipe (2) place is first flue gas passageway (4), and second flue gas passageway (5) are located the periphery of first water tank (3), and entry (502) of second flue gas passageway (5) are located the top, have in second flue gas passageway (5) by exhaust passage (501) that the bottom of second flue gas passageway (5) extended to gas outlet (102).
4. The waste heat collecting device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the top of the spiral pipe (2) is provided with a top plate (8) for isolating the first flue gas channel (4) from the gas outlet (102), the top plate (8) and the wall surface of the first water tank (3) form an inlet (502) of the second flue gas channel (5), and the second flue gas channel (5) is internally provided with a fan (9) blowing downwards.
5. The waste heat collecting device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the spiral pipe (2) is coiled from bottom to top to form a conical structure with the diameter gradually reduced.
6. The utility model provides a smelting furnace waste heat hierarchical high-efficient utilization system which characterized in that: comprising a hot oil circulation device connected to the spiral pipe (2), a hot water circulation device adapted to output hot air or hot water, and a hot water circulation device connected to the first water tank (3), and a residual heat collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the hot water circulation device being adapted to output warm air and hot water.
7. The waste heat staged efficient utilization system of the smelting furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: hot oil circulating device includes oil tank (10) and hot-blast output mechanism (11), hot-blast output mechanism (11) include protection casing (1101), be located first hot oil heat exchanger (1102) and fan (1103) of protection casing (1101), protection casing (1101) have hot air exitus (1104), the entry end of spiral pipe (2) is connected in oil tank (10), the exit end of spiral pipe (2) is connected to the entry end of first hot oil heat exchanger (1102), oil tank (10) is connected to the exit end of first hot oil heat exchanger (1102), medium oil flows through in proper order spiral pipe (2) and first hot oil heat exchanger (1102) by oil tank (10) back backward flow to in oil tank (10).
8. The waste heat staged efficient utilization system of the smelting furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: the hot oil circulating device further comprises a hot water output mechanism (12), the hot water output mechanism (12) comprises a second water tank (1201) and a second hot oil heat exchanger (1202) positioned in the second water tank (1201), the inlet end of the second hot oil heat exchanger (1202) is connected with the outlet end of the spiral pipe (2), and the outlet end of the second hot oil heat exchanger (1202) is connected with the oil tank (10).
9. The waste heat staged efficient utilization system of the smelting furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: the hot water circulation device comprises a third water tank (18), a water heating heat exchanger (19) and a shower (20); the third water tank (18) is connected with the inlet end of the first water tank (3), the outlet end of the first water tank (3) is simultaneously connected with the water heating heat exchanger (19) and the shower (20), and the outlet end of the water heating heat exchanger (19) is connected with the third water tank (18).
10. The waste heat staged efficient utilization system of the smelting furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising a flow sensor (14), a PLC (programmable logic controller) (28), a temperature sensor (29) and a control switch (36), wherein the flow sensor (14) sends a flow signal to the PLC (28), the temperature sensor (29) sends a temperature signal to the PLC (28), and the PLC (28) can control the flow speed of the medium oil in the spiral pipe (2) and the temperature of the output medium oil; the PLC controller (28) controls the liquid level of the medium water in each water tank, and the control switch (36) can control the working state of each water pump and each oil pump.
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| CN202110608501.8A CN113175827A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Waste heat gathering device and smelting furnace waste heat grading efficient utilization system |
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| CN202110608501.8A CN113175827A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Waste heat gathering device and smelting furnace waste heat grading efficient utilization system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113654066A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-16 | 中石化南京工程有限公司 | Double-cavity type boiler tail gas heat energy recycling system |
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Application publication date: 20210727 |