CN115749758B - Experimental device and method for monitoring oil saturation of heavy oil exploitation in real time - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for monitoring oil saturation of heavy oil exploitation in real time Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and method for monitoring oil saturation in real time about heavy oil exploitation, the operation method is that a sand layer is prepared before the experiment, an LCR digital bridge instrument is connected with a computer, a resistance test wire is arranged in the experimental device, water is added, after the sand layer is saturated with water, an initial resistance value is recorded, oil is injected into the experimental device at constant speed by a displacement pump, resistance data when the oil is injected are recorded at constant speed, the oil saturation is calculated according to the injection calculation, the resistance and the saturation are correspondingly obtained to obtain corresponding data of the oil saturation and the resistance, a corresponding layout is drawn, well positions and wires are arranged according to design requirements, sand is filled, saturated water is filled after saturated oil, a cover is used for closed displacement production, the resistance data is recorded in real time in the production process, and the resistance data and the corresponding layout are correspondingly obtained to obtain the oil saturation. According to the invention, a quartz sand layer laying scheme can be independently designed according to the homogeneity characteristics of a target reservoir, so that the feasibility and diversity of an experimental scheme are greatly improved, on the other hand, a sand filling device is used, the use of complex real reservoir rock samples is avoided, the operation of on-site stratum rock coring is avoided, and the experimental cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum development, in particular to the field of oil reservoir simulation development models, and particularly relates to an experimental device for monitoring oil saturation in real time on heavy oil exploitation and a use method thereof.
Background
In the course of the ongoing global economy, the reserves of available energy are continually decreasing, the most representative of which is the decrease in storage of conventional crude oil. The country is a large country for petroleum consumption, so the reduction of crude oil production affects the development of the country to a certain extent, but the country is a big physical blog, which contains very abundant thick oil resources.
In the simulated thickened oil recovery experiment, the interior of the internal model is filled with a mixture of oil and sand, the oil saturation of the model represents the oil content of the model, and is one of important parameters of the thickened oil recovery experiment, and the numerical difference of the oil saturation before and after the thickened oil thermal recovery experiment is used for verifying the advancement and success rate of thickened oil recovery technology. The accuracy of the oil saturation data is an important proof for evaluating the reliability of the heavy oil recovery experimental equipment. Because the thick oil exploitation experimental equipment is required to have good tightness, the tightness of the device cannot be influenced by the measurement of the oil saturation, and the extremely high requirement is put on a measurement method.
The main method for determining the oil saturation comprises the steps of (1) coring oil-based mud, measuring the residual water saturation of a rock core, (2) high-pressure closed coring, and (3) obtaining the true resistivity of the stratum from resistivity logging data, checking a related plate, and determining the oil saturation. The resistivity measurement method is widely applied to monitoring of oil saturation in thick oil exploitation. The principle of the resistivity measuring method is that different sand layer types correspond to different resistivity values, after the sand layer components in the model are determined, the resistivity values are also fixed values, after oil is saturated, the resistivity value of a certain place in the sand layer is related to the oil content of the place, the oil saturation of a fixed place at different moments corresponds to different resistivity values, the resistivity values of the place are measured, and the oil saturation can be determined by checking the relevant layout. The resistivity measurement method is convenient and simple, has strong applicability and high accuracy. But the resistivity measurement method at present adopts a method of burying the measuring points at fixed points and then directly pulling the electric signal wires for detection, and the method cannot ensure the position fixation between the resistance measuring points, and cannot ensure the good tightness of the model, so that the accuracy of the measurement result is greatly influenced.
An oil saturation measuring device (patent application number 201910175696.4) is applied to a three-electrode clamp sleeve resistance measuring device, the measured electrode distance is fixed, the stability of resistivity test data can be ensured, and the tightness of the device is ensured. The defects are that: the measured point is few, can not monitor the inside oil saturation of model comprehensively, and the cutting ferrule is electrified to this test time, and the device installation is comparatively loaded down with trivial details.
A water flooding experiment device and an experiment method (patent application number 201911133728.0) for a two-dimensional flat plate model of bottom water are characterized in that the water flooding experiment is simulated by adopting the two-dimensional flat plate model of bottom water, and oil-water distribution conditions in the two-dimensional flat plate model of bottom water at water breakthrough time and different liquid extraction time are described according to analysis of image corresponding to data acquisition time shot by a camera. The defects are that: the oil saturation is analyzed by adopting a camera shooting image analysis method, the bottom and the inner layer of the model can not acquire images, and the oil saturation at different depths inside the model can not be monitored.
The invention provides an experimental device for monitoring oil saturation in real time about heavy oil exploitation, which is characterized in that a resistance test point position can be fixed, meanwhile, the insertion depth of a resistance monitoring lead can be changed, the density of distribution of measurement points is improved on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of resistance test data, meanwhile, the resistance monitoring lead is distributed in a model, the model has good tightness, the resistance of each point can be monitored in real time under the condition of not influencing the experimental process, the whole displacement process can be visually observed, and the oil saturation can be monitored in real time by comparing the real-time resistance data with a resistance-oil saturation related layout.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description summary and in the title of the application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the description summary and the title of the invention, which should not be used to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above and/or existing problems associated with real-time monitoring of heavy oil recovery in an experimental set-up for saturation of oil.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the invention is how to provide an experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time with respect to heavy oil exploitation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time about thick oil exploitation comprises a main body of a thick oil displacement two-dimensional visual physical simulation device and a resistance monitoring device;
the simulation experiment module main body comprises a model upper cover plate, a model main body, a model bottom plate, a compacting plate, a rectangular cavity and double-layer organic glass;
the resistance monitoring device comprises a resistance monitoring wire, an LCR digital bridge instrument, a data acquisition box and a computer control system;
from the horizontal direction, the model bottom plate wraps the LCR digital bridge instrument, the compaction plate, the rectangular cavity, the lead, the double-layer organic glass and the model upper cover plate, and the LCR digital bridge instrument, the compaction plate, the rectangular cavity, the lead, the double-layer organic glass and the model upper cover plate are arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction.
As a preferred scheme of the experimental device for monitoring the saturation of oil in real time about heavy oil exploitation, the invention comprises the following steps: the inner wall of the model main body made of stainless steel metal is ground into a smooth plane square frame;
the double-layer organic glass is made of high-strength high borosilicate glass plates;
the model main body is connected with the bottom plate through a bottom plate bolt and a rubber gasket;
the model upper cover is connected with the model main body through bolts;
a quartz sand layer is filled between the stainless steel plate and the high-strength double-layer high borosilicate glass plate;
the plane of the piston type upper cover plate is uniformly divided into 16 square grooves;
the resistance monitoring wires are uniformly distributed in the cavity in the model main body;
the resistance monitoring module consists of a forefront resistance monitoring wire, a gasket, a fixing bolt and an LCR digital bridge instrument;
the resistance monitoring lead penetrates through screw holes in the model bottom plate and the compacting plate and is buried in the quartz sand layer, and is fixed through gaskets and bolts.
As a preferred scheme of the experimental device for monitoring the saturation of oil in real time about heavy oil exploitation, the invention comprises the following steps: the outer layer of the resistance monitoring wire is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the metal wire is made of nichrome/nickel-silicon alloy, the outer diameter of the wire is 1mm, and the inner diameter of the wire is 0.55mm;
the resistance monitoring modules are connected with the LCR digital bridge instrument, and the LCR digital bridge instrument is connected with a data acquisition box of a computer through a data line.
The present invention has been made in view of the above and/or existing problems associated with the use of an experimental apparatus for real-time monitoring of oil saturation in heavy oil recovery.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the invention is how to provide a using method of an experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time in heavy oil exploitation.
As a preferable scheme of the use method of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time for heavy oil exploitation, the invention comprises the following steps: preparing a sand layer before an experiment, and connecting an LCR digital bridge instrument with a computer;
laying a resistance monitoring wire in the experimental device, laying a sand layer, adding water, and recording an initial resistance value after the sand layer is saturated with water;
injecting oil into the experimental device at a constant speed by using an ISCO plunger pump, and recording resistance data during injection at a constant speed;
and calculating the oil saturation according to the injection amount, correspondingly obtaining corresponding data of the oil saturation and the resistance by correspondingly connecting the resistance and the saturation, and drawing out a corresponding layout.
As a preferable scheme of the use method of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time for heavy oil exploitation, the invention comprises the following steps: the size of a sand filling cavity of the prepared sand layer before the experiment is 500mm multiplied by 30mm, and the well position arrangement scheme is that 1 injection well is distributed in the center of the model, and 1 production well is distributed in each of 4 corners.
As a preferable scheme of the use method of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time for heavy oil exploitation, the invention comprises the following steps: the water adding process in the experimental device is to firstly wet the sand with a small amount of water, reduce the air in the sand pores, avoid excessive gas-liquid interfacial tension when saturated oil is present and compaction, then tamp, stack and fill layer by layer until the surface layer of the sand is approximately leveled or slightly lower than the edge of the model, use tools to perform leveling compaction treatment on the surface layer of the sand, avoid the surface roughness of the sand layer as much as possible, record the total water adding amount as L 0 mL。
As a preferable scheme of the use method of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time for heavy oil exploitation, the invention comprises the following steps: the oiling process of the body displacement pump for the experimental device is to pour oil into the sand filled model at a constant speed by the displacement pump, and the total oiling is divided into five times, namely steps C1 to C5,
when the sand filling model is not added with oil, L is added by a body pump 0 The 15% oil is noted as step C1;
after the C1 flow is finished, the oiling is stopped, and after 4 minutes, L is added by a body pump 0 The oil quantity of 20% is noted as step C2;
after the C2 flow is finished, the oiling is stopped, and after 4 minutes, L is added by a body pump 0 The oil quantity of 40% is noted as step C3;
after the C3 flow is finished, the oiling is stopped, and after 4 minutes, L is added by a body pump 0 The oil quantity of 20% is noted as step C4;
after the C4 flow is finished, the oiling is paused, and after 4 minutes, L is added by a body pump 0 The amount of oil of 5% is noted as step C5;
meanwhile, the total volume of the poured oil is measured, the oil is poured a little for a plurality of times, the oil pouring is stopped when the surface of the sand presents a saturated state, namely, a smooth oil layer exists, the oil cannot be excessively saturated, and the oil loss caused by extrusion of the oil during the subsequent compaction operation is avoided.
As a preferable scheme of the use method of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time for heavy oil exploitation, the invention comprises the following steps: before the oil saturation is calculated, namely after the experimental device is saturated with oil, transparent sealant is used for sealing along the periphery of one side of the sand filling close to the sealing ring, so that the tightness is ensured;
the experimental device is provided with 81 hole sites in total, except 5 wells, the remaining 76 holes are determined to be the points of resistivity to be measured, one end of a resistance measurement lead firstly passes through a bolt with a hole and then passes through an isolation gasket, then the two-dimensional large flat plate back channel is inserted into the corresponding hole sites, the bolts are screwed and fixed, and the other half of the resistance measurement lead is connected into an LCR digital bridge instrument.
As a preferred scheme of the use method of the real-time monitoring oil saturation experimental device for heavy oil exploitation, the invention sets the injection speed of an injection well to be 10mL/min, opens a valve at the bottom of a six-way valve connection model, and opens a valve of a production well for water displacement production;
the water displacement production is carried out by using an ISCO plunger pump, using a pressure gauge to record production pressure difference, using a 100mL measuring cylinder to measure and produce oil every 10min for four production wells, numbering and weighing, standing for a period of time, using a data and image acquisition system to acquire resistance values of all resistance monitoring wires, photographing and recording changes in the model in real time, and recording visual window production conditions.
As a preferable scheme of the use method of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time for heavy oil exploitation, the invention comprises the following steps: and the sign of the end of the experiment is that the water displacement experiment is stopped when the water content of the outlet end reaches 98%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The traditional measuring method that fixed-point buried measuring points are adopted and then electric signal wires are directly pulled is abandoned, fixed resistance measuring points are adopted, accuracy of resistance test data is ensured, resistance measuring density can be arranged according to requirements, and measuring range is fully ensured;
(2) The quartz sand layer laying scheme can be independently designed according to the homogeneity characteristics of the target reservoir, the feasibility and the diversity of the experimental scheme are greatly improved, on the other hand, the sand filling device is used, the complex real reservoir rock sample is avoided, the on-site stratum rock coring operation is avoided, and the experimental cost is greatly reduced.
(3) The resistance monitoring device is easy to install, low in price, high in measurement speed and high in measurement accuracy, real-time measurement can be realized, and real-time oil saturation in the model device can be obtained after the related layout is checked.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a front view of the main body of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time about heavy oil recovery in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a top exploded view of the main body of the experimental device for real-time monitoring of oil saturation in heavy oil recovery in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a main sectional view of the experimental device for monitoring the saturation of oil in real time with respect to heavy oil recovery in example 2.
Fig. 4 is a rear view of the main body of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time about heavy oil recovery in example 2.
Fig. 5 is a corresponding layout of oil saturation-resistance values of the use method of the experimental device for monitoring oil saturation in real time with respect to heavy oil recovery in example 2.
Fig. 6 is a graph of oil saturation field at 140min of displacement for the method of using the apparatus of example 2 for real-time monitoring oil saturation in heavy oil recovery.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental apparatus and a method for monitoring the saturation of oil in real time with respect to the recovery of heavy oil, the experimental apparatus and the method for monitoring the saturation of oil in real time with respect to the recovery of heavy oil include
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides an experimental device for monitoring the saturation of oil content in real time in heavy oil exploitation, which comprises a heavy oil displacement two-dimensional visual physical simulation device main body and a resistance monitoring device. The simulation experiment module main body comprises: the mold comprises a mold upper cover plate 7, a mold main body 8, a mold bottom plate 1, a compacting plate 3, a rectangular cavity 4 and double-layer organic glass 6; the resistance monitoring device comprises; the resistance monitoring lead 5, the LCR digital bridge instrument 2, the data acquisition box and the computer control system.
The inner wall of the model main body made of stainless steel metal is ground into a smooth plane square frame; the double-layer organic glass is made of high-strength high-borosilicate glass plates; the model main body is connected with the bottom plate through a bottom plate bolt and a rubber gasket; the upper model cover is connected with the main model body through bolts; a quartz sand layer is filled between the stainless steel plate and the high-strength double-layer high borosilicate glass plate; the plane of the piston type upper cover plate is uniformly divided into 16 square grooves; the resistance monitoring wires are uniformly distributed in the cavity in the model main body; the resistance monitoring module consists of a forefront resistance monitoring wire, a gasket, a fixing bolt and an LCR digital bridge instrument; the resistance monitoring lead penetrates through screw holes on the model bottom plate and the compacting plate and is buried in the quartz sand layer, and is fixed through a gasket and a bolt; the outer layer of the resistance monitoring wire is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the metal wire is made of nichrome/nickel-silicon alloy, the outer diameter of the wire is 1mm, and the inner diameter of the wire is 0.55mm;
preparing sand layer materials before an experiment, and connecting an LCR digital bridge instrument with a computer;
laying a resistance monitoring wire in the experimental device, laying a sand layer, adding water, and recording an initial resistance value after the sand layer is saturated with water;
injecting oil into the experimental device at a constant speed by using an ISCO plunger pump, and recording resistance data during injection at a constant speed;
and calculating the oil saturation according to the injection amount, correspondingly obtaining corresponding data of the oil saturation and the resistance by correspondingly connecting the resistance and the saturation, and drawing out a corresponding layout.
The water adding process in the experimental device is to firstly wet the sand with a small amount of water, reduce the air in the sand pores, avoid the phenomenon that the gas-liquid interface is too large to compact when saturated oil is filled, then tamp, stack and fill layer by layer until the layers are approximately level or slightly lower than the edge of the model, use tools to smooth and compact the sand surface layer, avoid the surface roughness of the sand layer as much as possible, record the total water adding amount as L 0 mL。
The ISCO plunger pump oiling flow for the experimental device is to open an injection well valve, close a production well valve, inject oil at a constant speed through the injection well, and record resistance data and the injected oil amount at a moment.
The ISCO plunger pump is used for water displacement production, the pressure gauge is used for recording production pressure difference, the four production wells are respectively used for metering and producing oil every 10 minutes by using a 100mL measuring cylinder, numbering weighing is carried out, standing is carried out for a period of time, the resistance values of all resistance monitoring wires are collected by using the data and image collecting system, photographing and video recording are carried out on the changes in the model in real time, and the production condition of a visual window is recorded. The sign of the end of the experiment is that the water displacement experiment is stopped when the water content of the outlet end of the production well reaches 98%.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5 to 6, a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: also included. In the last embodiment, the experimental device and the using method for monitoring the oil saturation in real time about the heavy oil exploitation comprise
Referring to fig. 1-6, the test protocol is as follows:
step 1, laying a resistance monitoring wire inside a model main body, laying a sand layer with the length, the width and the height of 2-3 cm by using 60-80 mesh dry quartz sand, recording an initial resistance value after the sand layer is saturated with water, injecting oil at a constant speed by using an ISCO plunger pump under the temperature and the condition required by an experiment, recording resistance data when in injection at a constant speed, calculating oil saturation according to the injection amount, obtaining corresponding data of the oil saturation and the resistance by corresponding the resistance and the saturation, and drawing a corresponding layout.
And 2, determining that the size of a sand filling cavity of the sand layer is 500mm multiplied by 30mm before the experiment, wherein the well position arrangement scheme is that 1 injection well 11 is distributed in the center of the model, and 1 production well 10 is distributed in each of 4 corners.
Step 3, horizontally placing the model main body 8, adjusting a rotatable moving screw, moving the rotatable moving screw to the inside of the model main body so as to push the back compacting plate until the back compacting plate 3 is moved to a corresponding position of the required size of the sand filling cavity;
step 4, fixing the compacting plates by using screw holes at the back of the model bottom plate 1 and fixing bolts, and simultaneously keeping the balance of the two ends of the compacting plates 3;
step 5, arranging injection wells 11 and production wells 10 in the mounting channels of the model bottom plate according to a well position arrangement scheme, and mounting sand control nets at the well heads of the injection wells and the production wells so as to avoid blockage; and setting back pressure at 0.5MPa at the outlet end, and stabilizing pressure by using a hand pump.
And 6, the model has 81 holes, except 5 wells, the remaining 76 holes are determined to be the points of resistivity to be measured, one end of the resistance monitoring lead 5 passes through a bolt with holes first, then passes through the isolation gasket, is inserted from the corresponding hole of the back channel of the two-dimensional large flat plate, is screwed and fixed, and the other half of the lead is connected into the LCR digital bridge instrument 2 which is connected with a computer.
And 7, selecting 60-80-mesh dry quartz sand for sand filling, firstly wetting the sand with a small amount of water during sand filling, reducing air in sand pores to avoid excessive gas-liquid interface tension during saturated oil incapable of being compacted, then tamping, stacking and filling layer by layer until the sand is approximately leveled or slightly lower than the edge of a model, and flattening and compacting the surface layer of the sand by using a tool to avoid uneven surface of the sand layer as much as possible.
And 8, pouring oil into the mould filled with the sand, and simultaneously metering the total volume of the poured oil, wherein the oil is required to be poured a small amount of times, and stopping pouring the oil when the surface of the sand presents a saturated state, namely a smooth oil layer is formed, so that the oil cannot be excessively saturated, and the oil is prevented from being extruded out to cause oil loss during the follow-up compaction operation.
And 9, after the oil is saturated, the transparent sealant is used for sealing along the periphery of the sealing ring near one side of the sand filling, so that the tightness is ensured.
And 10, after sand filling, lightly placing double-layer organic glass 6, slowly placing an upper metal frame cover plate 7 with positioning bolts, and simultaneously screwing the bolts clockwise by the last two people to ensure that the stress of the metal frame is uniform.
And 11, opening a production well valve, placing a measuring cylinder, recording the volume of the discharged oil in real time, and compacting.
And 12, setting the injection speed of the injection well to be 10mL/min, opening a valve connected with the bottom of the model through a six-way valve, and opening a valve of the production well to perform water displacement production. The pressure gauge is used for recording the production pressure difference, the 4 production wells are respectively used for metering and producing oil every 10 minutes by using a 100mL measuring cylinder, numbering and weighing are carried out, the production wells are stationary for a period of time, and the resistance values at all resistance monitoring wires are acquired by using the data and image acquisition system. And (3) shooting and recording the changes in the model in real time, and recording the production condition of the visual window. And stopping the water displacement experiment when the water content of the outlet end of the production well reaches 98%. After the production is completed, the pump is stopped, and all valves are closed.
And 13, checking an oil saturation-resistance value layout according to the recorded resistivity value, obtaining the oil saturation of the measured points at each moment, and drawing a model oil saturation field diagram.
The experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation of the thick oil exploitation in real time and the application method thereof can clearly and intuitively simulate the displacement development process; the resistance monitoring device is used for conveniently monitoring the resistance data of each point position in each period, clearly reflecting the oil saturation change condition of the point position, and simulating various complex stratum exploitation methods to be convenient for simulating the actual oil layer condition.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The application method of the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation in real time for thick oil exploitation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the experimental device consists of a main body of a thickened oil displacement two-dimensional visual physical simulation device and a resistance monitoring device;
the physical simulation experiment module main body comprises a model upper cover plate (7), a model main body (8), a model bottom plate (1), a compacting plate (3), a rectangular cavity (4) and double-layer organic glass (6);
the resistance monitoring device comprises a resistance monitoring wire (5), an LCR digital bridge instrument (2), a data acquisition box and a computer control system;
the thick oil exploitation real-time monitoring oil saturation experimental device is characterized in that a model bottom plate (1) is connected with an LCR digital bridge instrument (2), a compacting plate (3), a rectangular cavity (4), a resistance monitoring lead (5), double-layer organic glass (6) and a model upper cover plate (7) from the horizontal direction, and the LCR digital bridge instrument (2), the compacting plate (3), the rectangular cavity (4), the resistance monitoring lead (5), the double-layer organic glass (6) and the model upper cover plate (7) are arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction;
the inner wall of the model main body made of stainless steel metal is ground into a smooth plane square frame;
the double-layer organic glass is made of high-strength high borosilicate glass plates;
the model main body is connected with the bottom plate through a bottom plate bolt and a rubber gasket;
the model upper cover is connected with the model main body through bolts;
a quartz sand layer is filled between the stainless steel plate and the high-strength double-layer high borosilicate glass plate;
the plane of the piston type upper cover plate is uniformly divided into 16 square grooves;
the resistance monitoring wires are uniformly distributed in the cavity in the model main body;
the resistance monitoring module consists of a forefront resistance monitoring wire, a gasket, a fixing bolt and an LCR digital bridge instrument;
the resistance monitoring lead penetrates through screw holes on the model bottom plate and the compacting plate and is buried in the quartz sand layer, and is fixed through a gasket and a bolt;
the outer layer of the resistance monitoring wire is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the metal wire is made of nichrome/nickel-silicon alloy, the outer diameter of the wire is 1mm, and the inner diameter of the wire is 0.55mm;
the resistance monitoring modules are connected with an LCR digital bridge instrument, and the LCR digital bridge instrument is connected with a data acquisition box of a computer through a data line;
preparing sand layer materials before an experiment, and connecting an LCR digital bridge instrument with a computer;
laying a resistance monitoring wire in the experimental device, laying a sand layer, adding water, and recording an initial resistance value after the sand layer is saturated with water;
injecting oil into the experimental device at a constant speed by using an ISCO plunger pump, and recording resistance data during injection at a constant speed;
calculating oil saturation according to the injection amount, correspondingly obtaining corresponding data of the oil saturation and the resistance by the resistance and the saturation, and drawing a corresponding layout;
the sand filling cavity size of the prepared sand layer before the experiment is 500mm multiplied by 30mm, 1 injection well (11) is distributed in the center of the model, and 1 production well (10) is distributed in each of 4 corners;
the water adding process in the experimental device is to firstly wet the sand with a small amount of water, reduce the air in the sand pores to avoid excessive gas-liquid interfacial tension when saturated oil cannot be compacted, then tamp, stack and fill layer by layer until the surface layer of the sand is leveled or slightly lower than the edge of a model, use a tool to perform leveling and compaction treatment on the surface layer of the sand, avoid the surface roughness of the sand layer as much as possible, and record the total water adding amount as L0;
the oiling process of the body displacement pump for the experimental device is to pour oil into a sand filled model at a constant speed by the displacement pump, wherein the total oiling is divided into five times, namely, the steps C1 to C5 are respectively carried out, and when the sand filled model is not filled with oil, the L015% oil quantity is added by the body displacement pump and is recorded as the step C1;
c2, after the process of C1 is finished, stopping oiling, and after waiting for 4 minutes, adding L020% oil mass by using a body pump, and recording as a step C2;
c3, after the flow of C2 is finished, stopping oiling, and after waiting for 4 minutes, adding L040% of oil mass by using a body pump, and recording as a step C3;
c4, after the process of C3 is finished, stopping oiling, and after waiting for 4 minutes, adding L020% oil mass by using a body pump, and recording as a step C4;
c5, after the C4 flow is finished, stopping oiling, and after waiting for 4 minutes, adding L05% of oil mass by using a body pump, and recording as a step C5;
meanwhile, the total volume of the poured oil is measured, the oil is poured a little for a plurality of times, the oil pouring is stopped when the surface of the sand presents a saturated state, namely, a smooth oil layer exists, the oil cannot be excessively saturated, and the oil loss caused by extrusion of the oil during the subsequent compaction operation is avoided.
2. The method for using the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation of heavy oil exploitation in real time according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: before the oil saturation is calculated, namely after the experimental device is saturated with oil, transparent sealant is used for sealing along the periphery of one side of the sand filling close to the sealing ring, so that the tightness is ensured;
the experimental device is provided with 81 hole sites in total, except 5 wells, the remaining 76 holes are determined to be the points of resistivity to be measured, one end of a resistance monitoring lead (5) firstly passes through a bolt with a hole and then passes through an isolation gasket, then the two-dimensional large flat plate back channel is inserted into the corresponding hole site, the bolt is screwed and fixed, and the other half of the two-dimensional large flat plate back channel is connected into an LCR digital bridge instrument (2).
3. The method for using the experimental device for monitoring the oil saturation of heavy oil exploitation in real time according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting the injection speed of an injection well to be 10mL/min, opening a valve connected with the bottom of the model through a six-way valve, and opening the valve of the injection well to perform water displacement production;
the water displacement production is to record production pressure difference by using a pressure gauge, measure and produce oil every 10min by using a 100mL measuring cylinder for 4 production wells, number and weigh the oil, and stand the oil for a period of time, collect resistance values of all resistance monitoring wires by using a data and image acquisition system, record the changes in the model by photographing and video recording in real time, and record the production condition of a visual window.
4. A method for using the experimental device for monitoring the saturation of oil in real time for heavy oil exploitation according to any one of claims 1 or 3, wherein: the end of the experiment is marked by stopping the water displacement experiment when the water content of the outlet end reaches 98%.
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