CN115748875A

CN115748875A - Flushing device of cutter-suction machine, compact intelligent cutter-suction machine and flushing method

Info

Publication number: CN115748875A
Application number: CN202211503906.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周超; 邵金燕; 范瑞峰
Original assignee: Nanchang Innovation Research Institute Of Peking University
Current assignee: Nanchang Innovation Research Institute Of Peking University
Priority date: 2022-11-28
Filing date: 2022-11-28
Publication date: 2023-03-07

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a flushing device of a cutter-suction machine, a compact intelligent cutter-suction machine and a flushing method. The lower part of the suction pipe is connected with a flushing nozzle and a sensor. Compact intelligence cutter suction machine, including actuating mechanism, the bearing package, the centrifugal pump, inhale the pipe, the bath shower nozzle, the filter screen, the discharge pipe, wash water pipe and sensor, actuating mechanism pass through the bearing package and connect the centrifugal pump, the last connection of centrifugal pump inhales pipe and discharge pipe, the sub-unit connection bath shower nozzle and the sensor of inhaling the pipe, the bath shower nozzle is connected with the wash water pipe, inhales the pipe front end and is provided with the filter screen. The beneficial effects are as follows: compared with the existing cutter-suction machine, the cutter-suction machine has the advantages of smaller main body volume, higher safety of sludge and underwater operation and wider application range. Particularly, the robot can be used as a main component of the dredging robot, so that the robot can realize more functions more flexibly, and potential risk factors such as high-voltage electric leakage and the like are reduced.

Description

Flushing device of cutter-suction machine, compact intelligent cutter-suction machine and flushing method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a flushing device of a cutter-suction machine, a compact intelligent cutter-suction machine and a flushing method.

Background

The cutter-suction machine is a dredging tool and can quickly and effectively transport slurry. Generally, hydraulic or electric drive is used, and different reamer heads can be matched according to different working environments. The method is generally applied to occasions of sand extraction, pollutant removal, river channel dredging and the like.

The cutter-suction machine mainly comprises the following components: drive section, bearing, centrifugal pump, associated accessories (such as filter screen, suction tube, discharge tube, flush pump and piping, etc.).

At present, most of the existing cutter suction machines are driven by a motor. In the desilting environment, the motor is directly used underwater, and once the potential safety hazard of electric leakage is large. And the direct connection form of the motor and the centrifugal pump is adopted, the volume is large, and the work and the movement in the pipeline and other work scenes are inconvenient. Particularly, in the future automatic dredging process, the cutter-suction machine needs to be matched with an instrument driving part, and the volume of the cutter-suction machine needs to be reduced as much as possible, so that the cutter-suction machine can be matched with a robot to work cooperatively, and automation under more complicated conditions is realized. Meanwhile, the existing cutter-suction machine is simple in mechanical structure, single in function, large in energy consumption, long in dredging time and poor in dredging effect of a local polluted area, and the effect of different local sludge of different pipelines is treated indiscriminately.

Meanwhile, the cleaning equipment arranged on the existing cutter-suction machine cannot be adjusted according to specific conditions, and the washing efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a flushing device of a cutter-suction machine, a compact intelligent cutter-suction machine and a flushing method, which can flush an impeller with sludge and improve the conveying efficiency.

The invention is realized by the following steps: the lower part of the suction pipe is connected with a flushing nozzle and a sensor.

The sensor is an image sensor or a laser radar.

Compact intelligence cutter suction machine, including actuating mechanism, the bearing contract, the centrifugal pump, inhale the pipe, the bath shower nozzle, the filter screen, the discharge pipe, wash water pipe and sensor, actuating mechanism pass through the bearing package and connect the centrifugal pump, the last connection of centrifugal pump inhales pipe and discharge pipe, inhales the sub-unit connection bath shower nozzle and the sensor of pipe, the bath shower nozzle is connected with the wash water pipe, inhales the pipe front end and is provided with the filter screen.

The sensor is an image sensor or a laser radar.

The centrifugal pump comprises a pinion, a mechanical seal, a volute, a pump shaft and an impeller, wherein one end of the pump shaft is connected with the pinion, the other end of the pump shaft is connected with the impeller, the impeller is sleeved in the volute, and the mechanical seal is arranged at the joint of the pump shaft and the volute.

The suction pipe is arranged at the inlet side of the impeller.

The discharge pipe is arranged on the outlet side of the volute.

The driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor.

The hydraulic motor driving device comprises a speed-up gear box, wherein the speed-up gear box comprises a torque limiter, a hydraulic motor is connected with the torque limiter, the torque limiter is connected with a driving gear, the driving gear driven by the hydraulic motor is a large gear, and the driving gear is an internal gear.

The cutter-suction machine flushing method comprises the following steps:

step 1: when the sensor detects that the pipe wall has a large or difficultly removed region such as dirt, the position of the flushing nozzle is adjusted, and the water pressure and/or the water flow rate are increased at the position to flush the pipe;

step 2: the sensor compares the effect after the flushing acquired in real time with a preset result, if the preset result is met, the flushing is stopped, and if the preset effect is not achieved, the water spraying flushing is continued;

and step 3: when an area which is difficult to clear is encountered, an alarm is given to prompt manual intervention.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the existing cutter-suction machine, the cutter-suction machine has the advantages of smaller main body volume, higher safety of sludge and underwater operation and wider application range. Particularly, the robot can be used as a main component of the dredging robot, so that the robot can realize more functions more flexibly, and potential risk factors such as high-voltage electric leakage and the like are reduced. The impeller can realize large solid granular sludge, and greatly improves the conveying efficiency and the economic benefit. Be furnished with the bath shower nozzle on the impeller, cooperate the local detection device that makes a video recording, can realize better that silt erodees, realize accurate desilting. Under the condition of achieving the effect of dredging cleaner, the energy consumption is saved and the operation time is shortened.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a compact intelligent cutter-suction machine provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a step-up gear box;

FIG. 3 is a schematic mechanism diagram of the centrifugal pump;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the bearing.

In the figure: the device comprises a driving mechanism 1, a bearing mechanism 2, a centrifugal pump 3, a suction pipe 4, a flushing nozzle 5, a filter screen 6, a lifting lug 7, a discharge pipe 8, a flushing pipe 9, a sensor 10, a hydraulic motor 1121, a torque limiter 22, a driving gear 23, a pinion 31, a mechanical seal 32, a volute 33, a pump shaft 34, an impeller 35, a first felt ring oil seal 41, a second felt ring oil seal 42, a deep groove ball bearing 43 and an angular contact roller bearing 44.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the flushing device of the cutter-suction machine provided by the invention can replace a flushing component applied to the existing cutter-suction machine, is installed at the lower part of a water suction pipe 4 of the cutter-suction machine, and comprises a flushing nozzle 5 and a sensor 10, wherein the flushing nozzle 5 and the sensor 10 are both installed at the lower part of the water suction pipe 4, a plurality of flushing nozzles 5 can be arranged along the lower part of the water suction pipe 4, the angle of a water outlet of each flushing nozzle 5 can be adjusted, the sensor 10 is an image sensor or a laser radar, the sensor 10 is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with the flushing nozzle 5, collected signals are transmitted to the controller through sensing of the sensor 10 on the environment in front of the water suction pipe, and the controller judges according to the signals collected by the sensor to control the water spraying speed and the water spraying amount of the specific flushing nozzle 5, so as to achieve accurate flushing of the lower part of the water suction pipe 4.

The compact intelligent cutter-suction machine provided by the invention realizes the design of light weight and small volume by adopting a novel driving form. The hydraulic driving mode is adopted, and meanwhile, the working safety of the pump in a sludge environment is improved. A fluid machine and robust impeller are employed so that it can handle larger solid particles. The environmental condition sensor has been installed at the front end of cutter suction machine, for example image sensor or laser radar etc. can perception pipeline inner structure and silt distribution condition, through with the bath shower nozzle linkage, adjusts bath shower nozzle's water yield size and water spray direction, better, faster washs and erodees the pipeline inner wall.

As shown in fig. 1, the compact intelligent cutter-suction machine comprises a driving mechanism 1, a bearing pack 2, a centrifugal pump 3, a suction pipe 4, a flushing nozzle 5, a filter screen 6, a lifting lug 7, a discharge pipe 8, a flushing pipe 9 and a sensor 10, wherein the driving mechanism 1 is connected with the centrifugal pump 3 through the bearing pack 2, the driving mechanism 1 drives the centrifugal pump 3 through the driving mechanism 1, the lifting lug 7 is connected to the upper part of the bearing pack 2, the suction pipe 4 and the discharge pipe are connected to the centrifugal pump 3, the flushing nozzle 5 and the sensor 10 are connected to the lower part of the suction pipe 4, the flushing nozzle 5 is connected with the flushing pipe 9, wherein the flushing nozzle 5 can be arranged along the lower part of the suction pipe 4, the sensor 10 selects an image sensor or a laser radar, the sensor 10 is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with the flushing nozzle 5, the collected signals are transmitted to the controller through the sensor 10 for sensing the environment in front of the suction pipe, and the controller judges the signals collected by the sensor to control the water spray speed and the water spray quantity of the specific flushing nozzle 5, thereby achieving the accurate flushing of the lower part of the water suction pipe 4. The working object of the cutter-suction machine is silt fluid, and the front end of the suction pipe 4 is provided with a cage-shaped filter screen 6 to prevent oversize particle solids from entering the machine so as to protect the machine. In order to solve the problem that the filter screen is easy to block, the winch is provided with a flushing nozzle 5, and the filter screen can be flushed according to the requirement. In order to facilitate hoisting, a lifting lug is designed at the top of the cutter-suction machine.

As shown in fig. 3, the centrifugal pump 3 is a key component of the cutter-suction machine, and includes a pinion 31, a mechanical seal 32, a volute 33, a pump shaft 34 and an impeller 35, wherein one end of the pump shaft 34 is connected with the pinion 31, the other end of the pump shaft 34 is connected with the impeller 35, the impeller 35 is sleeved in the volute 33, and the mechanical seal 32 is disposed at the connection position of the pump shaft 34 and the volute 33. The suction pipe 4 is installed at an inlet side of the impeller 35, and the discharge pipe 8 is installed at an outlet side of the scroll 33. The impeller 35 and the flow passing portion of the volute 33 are made of wear-resistant materials to improve the reliability of the centrifugal pump. The impeller 35 is a radial shrouded impeller and the volute 33 is of trapezoidal cross-section.

The centrifugal pump 3 can pump water and sludge while the cutter-suction machine is operating. The centrifugal pump 3 is driven by the driving mechanism 1, the driving mechanism 1 comprises a hydraulic motor 21, and in order to utilize the characteristic of large torque and low rotating speed of the hydraulic motor, the embodiment of the invention is additionally provided with the speed-up gear box 11. As shown in fig. 2, the speed increasing gear box 11 includes a torque limiter 22, the hydraulic motor 21 is connected to the torque limiter 22, and the torque limiter 22 is connected to the drive gear 23. When the external load is excessive, the torque limiter fitted between the hydraulic motor and the drive gear may slip to protect the hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor requires an integrated hydraulic oil tank for driving, and a hydraulic hose connection is required between the two. The driving gear 23 driven by the hydraulic motor is a large gear and the corresponding small gear 31 is mounted on the pump shaft 34. To reduce the size of the machine, the drive gear 23 is an internal gear.

As shown in fig. 4, the bearing pack 4 is used for providing precise rotation support for the pump shaft, and includes a first felt oil seal 41, a second felt oil seal 42, a deep groove ball bearing 43, an angular contact roller bearing 44 and a housing 45, wherein the housing 45 has a hollow cylindrical structure and a lower end having a convex edge, one end (upper end as shown in fig. 4) of the housing 45 is sleeved with the deep groove ball bearing 43, the first felt oil seal 41 is fixed outside the deep groove ball bearing 43, the angular contact roller bearing 44 is sleeved in the other end (lower end as shown in fig. 4) of the housing 45, and the lower part of the angular contact roller bearing 44 is provided with the second felt oil seal 42; since the impeller 35 and the pinion 31 are arranged in a cantilever manner and are subjected to a large torque, a pair of angular contact roller bearings 44 are arranged near the end of the impeller 35, and two deep groove ball bearings 43 are arranged near the pinion 31. In order to protect the bearing and prevent external dust, dirt, etc. from entering and grease from overflowing, felt oil seals are respectively arranged at two ends of the bearing pack 4.

Aiming at the special requirement of pipeline dredging, a cutter-suction machine flushing device is arranged at the front end of a suction pipe 4 of a cutter-suction machine and comprises a flushing sprayer 5 and a sensor 10, wherein the flushing sprayer and the sensor are both arranged at the lower part of the suction pipe, and the sensor is an image sensor or a laser radar.

The method for flushing the cutter-suction machine comprises the following steps:

step 1: when the sensor detects that the pipe wall has a large or difficultly-removed dirt area and the like, the position of the flushing nozzle is adjusted, and the water pressure and/or the water flow are/is increased at the position to flush the pipe wall;

and 3, step 3: when an area which is difficult to clear is encountered, an alarm is given to prompt manual intervention.

By the method, the problems that the dredging effect of the pipeline is poor or the dredging equipment is damaged due to the fact that an unknown obstacle and the like are met can be solved.

The sensor 10 is an environmental condition sensor. The flushing nozzle 5 can make a working strategy in real time according to the novel data collected by the sensor 10.

For example, an image sensor or a laser radar is used as the sensor 10 to sense the distribution of the sludge in the pipeline, and the water quantity and the water spraying direction of the intelligent water spraying head are adjusted by linking with the intelligent water spraying head, so that the positions with much accumulated sludge are cleaned for a longer time, and the flow and/or the water spraying pressure are increased. Compared with the sludge, the cleaning time of the cleaner part is shortened, and the purposes of better and faster cleaning and scouring the inner wall of the pipeline are achieved. The water of the intelligent flushing nozzle is provided by the flushing pipe. The water washed off is mixed with silt and the like, and is discharged from the pipeline after being pumped by a centrifugal pump.

The invention has the following characteristics:

1. an environmental state sensor is arranged at the front end of the cutter-suction machine, and the environmental state sensor is not limited to an image sensor or a laser radar and can sense the conditions of the structure in the pipeline, the sludge distribution and the like;

2. the intelligent flushing sprayer is installed at the front end of the cutter-suction machine, the water quantity and/or the water pressure and/or the water spraying direction can be flexibly controlled, and the inner wall of the pipeline can be better and faster cleaned and flushed.

3. The environmental state sensor and the flushing nozzle can be linked, the water quantity and the water spraying direction of the water spraying faucet can be intelligently adjusted, and automatic operation can be achieved.

4. The environmental state sensor arranged at the front end of the cutter-suction machine has a self-cleaning function.

5. The centrifugal pump of the cutter-suction machine is vertically arranged, single-stage single suction type, large in flow and power and compact in structure.

6. The impeller of the centrifugal pump is integrated on the pump shaft, so that the overall performance of the centrifugal pump is improved.

7. The driving of the cutter-suction machine adopts a hydraulic motor, which is safer and more reliable than a motor. In order to utilize the characteristics of the hydraulic motor (high torque and low speed), a speed increasing gear box is designed.

8. The suction pipe of the cutter suction machine is designed into two parts, so that different cutter heads can be replaced, and the universality of the cutter suction machine is improved.

9. In order to clean the filter screen, a washing spray head is designed, so that the use by a user is facilitated.

Claims

1. Quick-witted bath device is inhaled to hank, its characterized in that: the lower part of the suction pipe is connected with a flushing nozzle and a sensor.

2. The cutter suction machine flushing device of claim 1, wherein: the sensor is an image sensor or a laser radar.

3. Machine is inhaled to compact intelligence hank, its characterized in that: including actuating mechanism, the bearing package, the centrifugal pump inhales the pipe, the shower nozzle that washes by water, the filter screen, the discharge pipe, washes by water pipe and sensor, actuating mechanism pass through the bearing package and connect the centrifugal pump, the last connection of centrifugal pump inhales pipe and discharge pipe, inhales the sub-unit connection of pipe and washes by water shower nozzle and sensor, washes by water the shower nozzle and is connected with the washing by water pipe, inhales the pipe front end and is provided with the filter screen.

4. The compact intelligent cutter-suction machine of claim 3, characterized in that: the method is characterized in that: the sensor is an image sensor or a laser radar.

5. The compact intelligent cutter-suction machine of claim 3, characterized in that: the centrifugal pump comprises a pinion, a mechanical seal, a volute, a pump shaft and an impeller, wherein one end of the pump shaft is connected with the pinion, the other end of the pump shaft is connected with the impeller, the impeller is sleeved in the volute, and the mechanical seal is arranged at the joint of the pump shaft and the volute.

6. The compact intelligent cutter-suction machine of claim 5, characterized in that: the suction pipe is arranged at the inlet side of the impeller.

7. The compact intelligent cutter-suction machine of claim 5, characterized in that: the discharge pipe is arranged on the outlet side of the volute.

8. The compact intelligent cutter-suction machine of claim 3, characterized in that: the driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor.

9. The compact intelligent cutter-suction machine of claim 8, characterized in that: the hydraulic motor driving device comprises a speed-up gear box, wherein the speed-up gear box comprises a torque limiter, a hydraulic motor is connected with the torque limiter, the torque limiter is connected with a driving gear, the driving gear driven by the hydraulic motor is a large gear, and the driving gear is an internal gear.

10. The method for washing the cutter-suction machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: