CN115740568B - Anti-breaking safety drilling machine in special plastic deep hole drill - Google Patents

Anti-breaking safety drilling machine in special plastic deep hole drill Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115740568B
CN115740568B CN202211704913.2A CN202211704913A CN115740568B CN 115740568 B CN115740568 B CN 115740568B CN 202211704913 A CN202211704913 A CN 202211704913A CN 115740568 B CN115740568 B CN 115740568B
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China
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fixed
screw rod
frame
rod
vertical plate
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CN202211704913.2A
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CN115740568A (en
Inventor
卢占明
卢永强
王广民
郝冰洋
牛辅华
赵战祥
胡海洋
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Henan Xin'anli Occupational Health Technology Co ltd
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Henan Xin'anli Occupational Health Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Abstract

The invention provides a cutter breakage prevention safety drilling machine in a special plastic deep hole drill, which effectively solves the problems that in the prior art, PEEK materials are heated, expanded and clamped to clamp a drill bit to cause the drill bit to be blocked and broken, the heat dissipation of the drill bit takes a lot of time, chips in the hole cannot be discharged in time, and the processing efficiency is low; the technical scheme is that the device comprises a frame, wherein a guide rod is fixed at the upper end of the frame, a sliding block is arranged on the guide rod, a reciprocating screw mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the guide rod, and a clamp is fixed on the lower side of a nut; drilling mechanisms are fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the frame; the drilling mechanism comprises a vertical plate, a motor is arranged on one side, close to the clamp, of the vertical plate, a drill bit is arranged on the motor, a plurality of telescopic rods are arranged between the vertical plate and a side plate of the frame, a rotatable screw rod is arranged on the side plate of the frame, the screw rod can be driven to rotate slowly by rotation of the screw rod, a threaded pipe is arranged on the screw rod in threaded connection, the other end of the threaded pipe is fixed with the vertical plate, and the screw rod can drive the vertical plate to approach or separate from the clamp through the threaded pipe.

Description

Anti-breaking safety drilling machine in special plastic deep hole drill
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special plastic precision machining tool safety, in particular to a cutter breakage prevention safety drilling machine in a special plastic deep hole drill.
Background
PEEK (polyetheretherketone resin) has a plurality of remarkable advantages compared with other special engineering plastics, and is applied to the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronics and electrics, medical treatment, food processing and the like. Taking spraying equipment required in automobile manufacturing as an example, a plurality of components in a mixing chamber of a spraying atomizer are made of PEEK with excellent self-lubricating property, but in drilling processing of a tiny hole deep hole (such as an overflow valve hole with phi of 0.21mm x 2 mm), a plurality of technical problems which cannot be ignored exist, the stretching property of PEEK is mainly shown to be smaller than that of other plastics, the heat dissipation performance is much slower than that of metal, the local heating time is too long, the drill bit is blocked and the hole is coked, even the part per se is burst, and the problems of drill bit safety, workpiece safety and personnel safety are unavoidable in processing of the tiny deep hole of the PEEK material.
In the prior art, common machining programming is adopted for machining, specifically, a workpiece fixing clamp is arranged on a workbench, then a cyclic feeding program is adopted, each time the drill bit drills down to a depth of not more than 0.5mm, the drill bit is pulled out rapidly, after the drill bit and the workpiece are fully cooled, the drill bit and the workpiece enter the next cycle until drilling to a required depth, and the process has a large defect: firstly, when a fine deep hole is drilled, cooling liquid in the hole cannot be discharged in time, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the bottom of the hole is low; secondly, because the work piece is motionless, after the drill bit is pulled out each time, a large amount of fragments still exist in the hole, and the fragments gather on the drill bit drilling cutting edge in the next circulation, and in addition, the friction generates heat, and the drill bit blunt edge is very easy, and in addition, the main shaft is matched with to push down, so that the fine drill bit is very easy to break due to overlarge stress. In the conventional machining mode, a large amount of cooling time is required for the drill and the workpiece, and the machining efficiency and the machining quality are not compatible, and besides, for small-sized parts to be machined in a machining center, the equipment cost and the machining cost are also unavoidable important factors.
According to the related patent document, patent document CN211073876U discloses a drilling device for machining a PEEK machined product, which is essentially only a device for clamping and limiting a workpiece during drilling, and cannot solve the above technical problems, and another patent document CN110270703a discloses a double-sided deep hole drilling machine tool and a deep hole machining method, wherein deep hole boring is performed by arranging two main shafts, which essentially combines the two main shafts, and the two ends of the workpiece are fed together to the middle, but the workpiece is still fixed, chip removal in the hole is still unfavorable, the problem of heat dissipation in the drill and the hole still exists, and the device is only suitable for a through hole, is not two-way with the existing machining technology for blind holes, is single in machined part, has quite weak adaptability, and is not suitable for nonstandard machining.
Therefore, the deep hole drilling machine can timely discharge chips in holes in PEEK fine deep hole machining, cooling liquid or cooling gas can rapidly take away heat at the bottom of the holes, PEEK is heated to clamp the drill bit phenomenon is reduced, the breaking risk of the drill bit is reduced, two drill bits alternately drill, the two drill bits can act on the same hole, different holes can be drilled respectively, the deep hole drilling machine is flexible to use, high in adaptability and capable of meeting nonstandard machining requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the anti-breaking safety drilling machine in the special plastic deep hole drill, which effectively solves the problems that in the prior art, during drilling of PEEK tiny deep holes, PEEK materials are heated, expanded and clamped to clamp a drill bit to cause the drill bit to be blocked and broken, the heat dissipation of the drill bit takes a lot of time, chips in the holes cannot be discharged in time, and the processing efficiency is low.
The technical scheme is that the device comprises a frame, wherein a horizontal guide rod is fixed at the upper end of the frame, a sliding block capable of sliding left and right along the guide rod is arranged on the guide rod, a reciprocating screw rod mechanism is arranged at the lower side of the guide rod, a screw rod is parallel to the guide rod and can actively rotate, a nut is fixed with the sliding block, and a clamp is fixed at the lower side of the nut; drilling mechanisms are fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the frame and are positioned below the lead screw;
the drilling mechanism comprises a vertical plate, a motor is fixed on one side, close to the clamp, of the vertical plate, a horizontal drill bit is arranged on the motor, a plurality of horizontal telescopic rods are arranged between the vertical plate and a side plate of the frame, a screw rod capable of rotating is arranged on the side plate of the frame, the screw rod can be driven to rotate slowly by rotation of the screw rod, a threaded pipe is connected to the screw rod through threads, the other end of the threaded pipe is fixed with the vertical plate, and the screw rod can drive the vertical plate to approach or separate from the clamp through the threaded pipe.
Further, the fixture comprises a flat plate fixed below the nut, a servo motor is fixed at the lower end of the flat plate, two vertical circular plates are arranged on the front side of the servo motor, the servo motor can drive the two circular plates to rotate, four cylindrical blocks which are distributed in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian' are arranged between the two circular plates, the end parts of the cylindrical blocks are rotatably arranged on the circular plates, grooves with V-shaped sections are formed in the outer circular surfaces of the cylindrical blocks, the depth of each groove is changed into shallow from shallow to deep, the grooves on the two adjacent cylindrical blocks are symmetrically distributed, worm wheels are fixed at the front end of each cylindrical block, a rotatable worm is arranged in the middle of each circular plate positioned on the front side, the worm rotates to drive the four worm wheels to rotate simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent worm wheels are opposite.
Further, a speed reducer is arranged between the screw rod and the screw rod, the speed reducer is fixed on a side plate of the frame, the screw rod and an input shaft of the speed reducer are driven by a bevel gear set, and the screw rod and an output shaft of the speed reducer are driven by a bevel gear set.
Further, the number of the guide rods is two, and the two guide rods are symmetrical front and back.
Further, the telescopic rod comprises a fixed rod parallel to the screw rod, one end of the fixed rod is fixed on the frame, a sleeve capable of axially sliding along the fixed rod is sleeved on the fixed rod, and the end part of the sleeve is fixed with the vertical plate.
Further, the end part of the screw rod is connected with a power motor, and the power motor is fixed on the frame.
The invention has smart structure, can utilize centrifugal force in workpiece rotation to timely discharge chips in holes in PEEK fine deep hole processing, can enable cooling liquid or cooling gas to rapidly take away heat at the bottom of holes, reduces PEEK heated clamping drill bit phenomenon, reduces drill bit fracture risk, alternately drills two drill bits, can act on the same hole, can drill different holes respectively, simultaneously can drill holes with different sizes and mutually crossed, is flexible to use, has strong adaptability, and meets nonstandard processing requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of a cylindrical block and its upper groove in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention comprises a frame 1, a horizontal guide rod 2 is fixed at the upper end of the frame 1, a sliding block 3 capable of sliding left and right along the guide rod 2 is arranged on the guide rod 2, a reciprocating screw mechanism is arranged at the lower side of the guide rod 2, wherein a screw 4 is parallel to the guide rod 2 and can actively rotate, a nut 5 is fixed with the sliding block 3, and a clamp 6 is fixed at the lower side of the nut 5; drilling mechanisms are fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the frame 1 and are positioned below the lead screw 4;
the drilling mechanism comprises a vertical plate 7, a motor 8 is fixed on one side, close to the clamp 6, of the vertical plate 7, a horizontal drill bit 9 is installed on the motor 8, a plurality of horizontal telescopic rods 10 are installed between the vertical plate 7 and a side plate of the frame 1, a rotatable screw rod 11 is installed on the side plate of the frame 1, the screw rod 4 rotates to drive the screw rod 11 to slowly rotate, a threaded pipe 12 is connected to the screw rod 11 through threads, the other end of the threaded pipe 12 is fixed with the vertical plate 7, and the screw rod 11 rotates to drive the vertical plate 7 to approach or separate from the clamp 6 through the threaded pipe 12.
In order to realize that the clamp 6 can clamp workpieces with different sizes, chips in holes can be discharged timely by utilizing centrifugal force, the clamp 6 comprises a flat plate 13 fixed below a nut 5, a servo motor 14 is fixed at the lower end of the flat plate 13, two vertical circular plates 15 are arranged at the front side of the servo motor 14, the servo motor 14 can drive the two circular plates 15 to rotate, four cylindrical blocks 16 distributed in a shape of a Chinese character 'tian' are arranged between the two circular plates 15, the end parts of the cylindrical blocks 16 are rotatably arranged on the circular plates 15, grooves 17 with V-shaped cross sections are formed in the outer circle surfaces of the cylindrical blocks 16, the depth of the grooves 17 is changed from shallow to deep, the grooves 17 on two adjacent cylindrical blocks 16 are symmetrically distributed, worm gears 18 are fixed at the front end of each cylindrical block 16, a rotatable worm 19 is arranged in the middle of the circular plate 15 positioned at the front side, the worm 19 rotates to drive the four worm gears 18 to rotate simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent worm gears 18 are opposite.
In order to realize that the screw rod 4 rotates to drive the screw rod 11 to slowly rotate, a speed reducer 20 is arranged between the screw rod 4 and the screw rod 11, the speed reducer 20 is fixed on a side plate of the frame 1, the screw rod 4 and an input shaft of the speed reducer 20 are driven by a bevel gear set, and the screw rod 11 and an output shaft of the speed reducer 20 are driven by a bevel gear set.
In order to ensure that the workpiece is stable and stable in the left-right movement, two guide rods 2 are arranged, and the two guide rods 2 are symmetrical front and back.
The telescopic rod 10 comprises a fixed rod 21 parallel to the screw 11, one end of the fixed rod 21 is fixed on the vertical plate 7, a sleeve 22 capable of sliding along the axial direction of the fixed rod 21 is sleeved on the fixed rod 21, and the end part of the sleeve 22 is fixed with the frame 1.
The end part of the screw rod 4 is connected with a power motor 23, and the power motor 23 is fixed on the frame 1.
The speed reducer 20 is selected from a plurality of gear speed reducers, worm speed reducers and planetary gear speed reducers, in view of the characteristic of PEEK heat dissipation difference, cutting needs to be stopped immediately after each drilling of limited 0.5mm, and a speed reducer 20 with stable speed reduction ratio is needed, so that a harmonic speed reducer is most suitable.
The bevel gear group comprises a first bevel gear coaxially fixed with the screw rod 4 and a second bevel gear on the input shaft of the speed reducer 20; the bevel gear group comprises a first bevel gear which is coaxially fixed with the screw 11 and a second bevel gear on the output shaft of the speed reducer 20.
It is noted that the worm 19 is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the rotation directions of the upper end and the lower end are opposite, as shown in the figure, the worm 19 is positioned in the middle of the circular plate 15, the two ends of the worm 19 are rotatably mounted on the front side of the circular plate 15, the part to be processed is taken as an axle part, the part to be processed is horizontally arranged between the four cylindrical blocks 16, at this time, the four cylindrical blocks 16 are divided into a left group and a right group by taking the worm 19 as a boundary, when the worm 19 is rotated, the two cylindrical blocks 16 in the same group are reversely rotated at the same time, and the cross section of the groove 17 is V-shaped, so that the parts with different diameters can be clamped. Of course, in the drilling, both the drill bits 9 need to approach the jig 6, but the rotation direction of the screw 4 is unchanged, so the screw directions on the left and right screws 11 are opposite.
In addition, various ways of providing the cooling liquid or cooling air are provided, for example, an outlet of the cooling liquid or cooling air is provided on the jig 6, and the cooling liquid or cooling air may be provided on the vertical plate 7 of the drilling mechanism as the jig 6 moves left and right, so that the workpiece and the drill 9 can be cooled in time during the drilling process of the drill 9.
In order to ensure that the drilling depth is not more than 0.5mm each time, the phenomena of cutter breakage and coking are prevented, and therefore, the distance of the drilling mechanism which advances towards the middle is not more than 0.5mm in the time of rotating the screw 4 to enable the nut 5 to reciprocate left and right by one stroke with the clamp 6.
When a through hole needs to be drilled, a part to be machined is placed in a clamp 6 as shown in the figure, a worm 19 is screwed, the worm 19 rotates to drive worm gears 18 on the left side and the right side to rotate simultaneously, grooves 17 on the outer circular surfaces of four cylindrical blocks 16 are clamped in pairs, at the moment, a power motor 23 and a motor 8 are started, the power motor 23 drives a screw 4 to rotate, the screw 4 rotates to drive a nut 5 on the screw to move at a uniform speed left and right, the nut 5 moves left and right with the clamp 6, the clamp 6 is supposed to move left and right firstly, initially, the workpiece does not contact with a drill bit 9 in the left and right movement of the clamp 6, and after a few working cycles, the workpiece contacts with the drill bit 9 to drill; in the middle of reciprocating, the drill bit 9 and the workpiece can obtain sufficient cooling time, so that the clamping and abrasion of the drill bit 9 are reduced, the workpiece is effectively prevented from cracking, and the two drill bits 9 work alternately until drilling is completed.
Of course, the chips in the deep holes are difficult to discharge along with the drill bit 9, so in each cycle, when the workpiece and the drill bit 9 are completely separated, namely, the clamp 6 moves to the middle part of the screw 4, the servo motor 14 rotates to drive the two circular plates 15 to rotate, so that the workpiece also rotates, and the chips in the holes are thrown out by utilizing centrifugal force in the rotation of the workpiece, so that the drilling precision and quality are effectively improved, and coking is avoided.
On the basis of the above, when drilling the elongated blind hole, the servo motor 14 rotates to stop in each working cycle, so that the part to be drilled is directed in the advancing direction, for example, when the clamp 6 moves leftwards with the workpiece, the part to be drilled of the workpiece is directed to the left-hand drill 9, and when the clamp 6 moves rightwards with the workpiece, the part to be drilled of the workpiece is directed to the right-hand drill 9, so that the two drills 9 alternately drill the same part until the required hole depth is reached.
Of course, some workpieces need to be drilled with channels with different apertures and crossed in a cross shape, such as a three-way joint, a four-way joint and a right-angle joint, so that the two drill bits 9 on two sides are replaced by the required drill bits 9, and in drilling, the two drill bits 9 alternately drill without interference, each drill bit 9 and the working face thereof can fully dissipate heat, so that the drill bits 9 can be effectively prevented from being blocked, the workpiece can be effectively prevented from being burst, and the safe production is ensured.
The invention has outstanding substantive features and remarkable progress:
1. compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a plurality of drill bits 9 to drill in a cross way, and the drill bits 9 are mutually independent and matched, so that the workpiece and the drill bits 9 can be fully cooled, and the drill bits 9 and the workpiece are ensured to be safe in the drilling process.
2. When the existing machining drills a deep hole with a fine diameter on PEEK material, the workpiece is fixed, concentricity is guaranteed, but chips in the micro holes cannot be discharged in time, so that coking phenomenon is easy to occur on the hole wall, the smoothness of the inner wall of the hole is not enough to directly lead to fusion between spraying paint, the failure rate is greatly increased, the chips in the hole and retained cooling liquid are thrown out by utilizing the centrifugal force of the workpiece rotation in the device, the cleaning of a working surface during next drilling is guaranteed, the coking phenomenon in the hole drilling is greatly reduced, multiple purposes are achieved, and the effect is excellent.
3. The invention adopts two drill bits 9 to work respectively, and benefits from the alternate work of the two drill bits 9, so that the workpiece and the drill bits 9 can be cooled sufficiently, the machining efficiency is improved while the quality is ensured, and the invention is flexible and changeable and is suitable for non-standard part machining production.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an anti-breaking safety drilling machine in special plastic deep hole drill, which is characterized in that the anti-breaking safety drilling machine comprises a frame (1), a horizontal guide rod (2) is fixed at the upper end of the frame (1), a sliding block (3) capable of sliding left and right along the guide rod is arranged on the guide rod (2), a reciprocating screw mechanism is arranged at the lower side of the guide rod (2), wherein a screw (4) is parallel to the guide rod (2) and can actively rotate, a nut (5) is fixed with the sliding block (3), and a clamp (6) is fixed at the lower side of the nut (5); drilling mechanisms are fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the frame (1), and the drilling mechanisms are positioned below the lead screw (4);
the drilling mechanism comprises a vertical plate (7), a motor (8) is fixed on one side, close to the clamp (6), of the vertical plate (7), a horizontal drill bit (9) is installed on the motor (8), a plurality of horizontal telescopic rods (10) are installed between the vertical plate (7) and a side plate of the frame (1), a rotatable screw rod (11) is installed on the side plate of the frame (1), the screw rod (4) can rotate to drive the screw rod (11) to slowly rotate, a threaded pipe (12) is connected to the screw rod (11) through threads, the other end of the threaded pipe (12) is fixed with the vertical plate (7), and the screw rod (11) can drive the vertical plate (7) to approach or separate from the clamp (6) through the threaded pipe (12);
the fixture (6) comprises a flat plate (13) fixed below a nut (5), a servo motor (14) is fixed at the lower end of the flat plate (13), two vertical circular plates (15) are fixed at the front side of the servo motor (14), the servo motor (14) can drive the two circular plates (15) to rotate, four cylindrical blocks (16) which are distributed in a shape of a Chinese character 'tian' are arranged between the two circular plates (15), the end parts of the cylindrical blocks (16) are rotatably arranged on the circular plates (15), grooves (17) with V-shaped sections are formed in the outer circular surfaces of the cylindrical blocks (16), the depth of each groove (17) is changed from shallow to deep, the grooves (17) on two adjacent cylindrical blocks (16) are symmetrically distributed, worm gears (18) are fixed at the front end of each cylindrical block (16), a worm (19) which can rotate is arranged in the middle of each circular plate (15) positioned at the front side, the worm gears (19) can drive the four worm gears (18) to rotate simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the adjacent two worm gears (18) are opposite.
2. The special plastic deep hole drill breakage-proof safety drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein a speed reducer (20) is arranged between the screw rod (4) and the screw rod (11), the speed reducer (20) is fixed on a side plate of the frame (1), the screw rod (4) and an input shaft of the speed reducer (20) are driven by a bevel gear set, and the screw rod (11) and an output shaft of the speed reducer (20) are driven by a bevel gear set.
3. The anti-breaking safety drilling machine in the special plastic deep hole drill according to claim 1, wherein the number of the guide rods (2) is two, and the two guide rods (2) are symmetrical front and back.
4. The anti-breaking safety drilling machine in the special plastic deep hole drill according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic rod (10) comprises a fixed rod (21) parallel to the screw rod (11), one end of the fixed rod (21) is fixed on the vertical plate (7), a sleeve (22) capable of axially sliding along the fixed rod (21) is sleeved on the fixed rod (21), and the end part of the sleeve (22) is fixed with the frame (1).
5. The special plastic deep hole drill breaking-preventing safety drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the end part of the screw rod (4) is connected with a power motor (23), and the power motor (23) is fixed on the frame (1).
CN202211704913.2A 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 Anti-breaking safety drilling machine in special plastic deep hole drill Active CN115740568B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211704913.2A CN115740568B (en) 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 Anti-breaking safety drilling machine in special plastic deep hole drill

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211704913.2A CN115740568B (en) 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 Anti-breaking safety drilling machine in special plastic deep hole drill

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CN115740568B true CN115740568B (en) 2023-07-28

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