CN115740568A

CN115740568A - Cutter breakage preventing safety drilling machine for special plastic deep hole drill

Info

Publication number: CN115740568A
Application number: CN202211704913.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢占明; 卢永强; 王广民; 郝冰洋; 牛辅华; 赵战祥; 胡海洋
Original assignee: Henan Xin'anli Occupational Health Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Henan Xin'anli Occupational Health Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-29
Filing date: 2022-12-29
Publication date: 2023-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 2042-12-29
Also published as: CN115740568B

Abstract

The invention provides a tool breakage prevention safety drilling machine in a special plastic deep hole drill, which effectively solves the problems that in the prior art, when PEEK fine deep holes are drilled, PEEK materials expand due to heating to clamp a drill bit, so that the drill bit is locked and broken, the heat dissipation of the drill bit takes a large amount of time, fragments in the holes cannot be discharged in time, and the machining efficiency is low; the technical scheme for solving the problem is that the device comprises a rack, wherein a guide rod is fixed at the upper end of the rack, a sliding block is arranged on the guide rod, a reciprocating screw rod mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the guide rod, and a clamp is fixed on the lower side of a nut; drilling mechanisms are fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the rack; drilling machine constructs including the riser, has the motor on the riser is close to one side of anchor clamps, installs the drill bit on the motor, has a plurality of telescopic links between riser and the frame curb plate, has ability pivoted screw rod on the frame curb plate, and the lead screw rotation can drive the screw rod and slowly rotate, has the screwed pipe through threaded connection on the screw rod, and the screwed pipe other end is together fixed with the riser, and the screw rod rotates and can drive the riser through the screwed pipe and be close to or keep away from to anchor clamps.

Description

Cutter breakage preventing safety drilling machine for special plastic deep hole drill

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of special plastic precision machining cutter safety, in particular to a cutter breakage prevention safety drilling machine in a special plastic deep hole drill.

Background

Compared with other special engineering plastics, PEEK (polyether ether ketone resin) has a plurality of remarkable advantages, and is currently applied to the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronics and electrical, medical treatment, food processing and the like. Taking spraying equipment required in automobile manufacturing as an example, many components in a mixing chamber of a spraying atomizer are made of PEEK with excellent self-lubricating property, but in the drilling process of a fine-pore deep hole (such as an overflow valve hole with phi 0.21mm x 2mm), numerous technical problems which are not overlooked also exist, mainly manifested in that the PEEK has lower tensile property than other plastics, the heat dissipation property is much slower than that of metal, the local heating time is overlong, so that a drill bit is blocked, the hole is coked, even parts are cracked, and the potential safety hazards are the inevitable problems in the processing of the fine deep hole made of the PEEK, no matter the drill bit is safe, the workpiece is safe, or the personnel is safe.

Common machining programming is adopted for machining in the prior art, specifically, a workpiece is fixedly clamped on a workbench, then a circular feed program is adopted, the downward drilling depth of a drill bit is not more than 0.5mm each time, the drill bit is rapidly pulled out, after the drill bit and the workpiece are sufficiently cooled, the next circulation is carried out until the drill bit and the workpiece are drilled to the required depth, and the process has the major defect: firstly, when the fine deep hole is drilled, cooling liquid in the hole cannot be discharged in time, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the hole bottom is low; secondly, because the work piece is motionless, after the drill bit is pulled out every time, still there is a large amount of pieces in its downthehole, and the piece gathers on the drill bit creeps into the cutting edge in next circulation, and in addition the friction heat generation, the blunt sword of very easy drill bit, in addition the cooperation main shaft pushes down, so very easily make originally slight drill bit atress too big and fracture. In addition, for small-sized parts, the cost of equipment and the processing cost are important factors which cannot be avoided when the parts are processed on a processing center.

After examining and reviewing related patent documents, patent document CN211073876U discloses a drilling device for processing PEEK processed products, which is essentially only a device for clamping and limiting a workpiece during drilling processing, and cannot solve the technical problems, and another patent document CN110270703A discloses a double-sided deep hole drilling processing machine tool and a deep hole processing method, wherein two main shafts are arranged for deep hole boring processing, essentially, the two main shafts are combined to feed both ends of the workpiece to the middle, but the workpiece is still fixed, chip removal in the hole is still unfavorable, the problems of heat dissipation in the drill bit and the hole still exist, and the device is only suitable for through holes, and for blind holes, the device has no difference from the prior art, and moreover, the processed parts are single, the adaptability is quite weak, and the device is not suitable for non-standard processing.

The event, now provide a deep-hole drill, can be in the tiny BTA of PEEK for downthehole piece in time discharges, and the bottom of the hole heat can be taken away fast to enable coolant liquid or cooling gas, reduces PEEK clamping drill bit phenomenon of being heated, reduces the drill bit fracture risk, and two drill bits drill in turn, and two drill bits both can act on in same hole, also can drill into different holes respectively, and nimble application, strong adaptability accords with nonstandard processing requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the tool-breaking-prevention safety drilling machine in the special plastic deep hole drilling, which effectively solves the problems that in the prior art, when PEEK fine deep holes are drilled, PEEK materials expand due to heating to clamp a drill bit, so that the drill bit is locked and broken, the heat dissipation of the drill bit takes a large amount of time, fragments in the holes cannot be timely discharged, and the machining efficiency is low.

The technical scheme for solving the problem is that the device comprises a rack, wherein a horizontal guide rod is fixed at the upper end of the rack, a sliding block capable of sliding left and right along the guide rod is arranged on the guide rod, a reciprocating screw rod mechanism is arranged at the lower side of the guide rod, a screw rod is parallel to the guide rod and can actively rotate, a nut is fixed with the sliding block, and a clamp is fixed at the lower side of the nut; drilling mechanisms are fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the rack, and the drilling mechanisms are positioned below the screw rods;

drilling mechanism include vertical riser, be fixed with the motor on the riser is close to one side of anchor clamps, install the horizontally drill bit on the motor, install a plurality of horizontally telescopic links between riser and the frame curb plate, install on the frame curb plate and can rotate the screw rod, the screw rod rotation can drive the screw rod and slowly rotate, has the screwed pipe through threaded connection on the screw rod, the screwed pipe other end is together fixed with the riser, the screw rod rotates and can drive the riser through the screwed pipe and be close to or keep away from to anchor clamps.

Furthermore, the fixture comprises a flat plate fixed below the nut, a servo motor is fixed at the lower end of the flat plate, two vertical circular plates are arranged on the front side of the servo motor, the servo motor can drive the two circular plates to rotate, four cylindrical blocks distributed in a shape like a Chinese character tian are arranged between the two circular plates, the end parts of the cylindrical blocks are rotatably installed on the circular plates, grooves with V-shaped sections are formed in the outer circular surfaces of the cylindrical blocks, the depth of the grooves is changed from shallow to deep, the grooves in the two adjacent cylindrical blocks are symmetrically distributed, a worm wheel is fixed at the front end of each cylindrical block, a worm capable of rotating is installed in the middle of the circular plate on the front side, the worm can drive the four worm wheels to rotate simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent worm wheels are opposite.

Furthermore, a speed reducer is arranged between the screw rod and the screw rod, the speed reducer is fixed on a side plate of the frame, the screw rod and an input shaft of the speed reducer are driven by a bevel gear set, and the screw rod and an output shaft of the speed reducer are driven by a bevel gear set.

Furthermore, the number of the guide rods is two, and the two guide rods are symmetrical front and back.

Furthermore, the telescopic rod comprises a fixed rod parallel to the screw rod, one end of the fixed rod is fixed on the rack, a sleeve capable of sliding along the axial direction of the fixed rod is sleeved on the fixed rod, and the end part of the sleeve is fixed with the vertical plate.

Furthermore, the end part of the screw rod is connected with a power motor, and the power motor is fixed on the rack.

The tool has the advantages of ingenious structure, capability of discharging scraps in the hole in time by utilizing the centrifugal force in the rotation of a workpiece in the PEEK fine deep hole processing, capability of quickly taking away heat at the bottom of the hole by cooling liquid or cooling gas, reduction of the phenomenon that the PEEK clamps the drill bits when being heated, reduction of the fracture risk of the drill bits, alternate drilling of the two drill bits, capability of acting on the same hole by the two drill bits, capability of respectively drilling different holes, capability of drilling mutually crossed holes with different sizes, flexible application, strong adaptability and accordance with the nonstandard processing requirements.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 1.

FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of the cylindrical block and the groove formed therein according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description will explain embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention comprises a frame 1, a horizontal guide rod 2 is fixed on the upper end of the frame 1, a slide block 3 capable of sliding left and right along the guide rod 2 is arranged on the guide rod 2, a reciprocating screw rod mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the guide rod 2, wherein a screw rod 4 is parallel to the guide rod 2 and can actively rotate, a nut 5 is fixed with the slide block 3, and a clamp 6 is fixed on the lower side of the nut 5; drilling mechanisms are fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the rack 1 and are positioned below the screw rod 4;

drilling mechanism include vertical riser 7, be fixed with motor 8 on one side that vertical riser 7 is close to anchor clamps 6, install horizontally drill bit 9 on the motor 8, install a plurality of horizontally telescopic links 10 between vertical riser 7 and the 1 curb plate of frame, install ability pivoted screw rod 11 on the 1 curb plate of frame, screw rod 4 rotates and to drive screw rod 11 and slowly rotates, there is screwed pipe 12 through threaded connection on the screw rod 11, the screwed pipe 12 other end is together fixed with vertical riser 7, screw rod 11 rotates and can drive vertical riser 7 through screwed pipe 12 and be close to or keep away from to anchor clamps 6.

In order to realize that the clamp 6 can clamp workpieces with different sizes and discharge scraps in a hole in time by utilizing centrifugal force, the clamp 6 comprises a flat plate 13 fixed below the nut 5, a servo motor 14 is fixed at the lower end of the flat plate 13, two vertical circular plates 15 are arranged on the front side of the servo motor 14, the servo motor 14 can drive the two circular plates 15 to rotate, four cylindrical blocks 16 distributed in a shape like a Chinese character tian are arranged between the two circular plates 15, the end parts of the cylindrical blocks 16 are rotatably installed on the circular plates 15, grooves 17 with V-shaped cross sections are formed in the outer circumferential surfaces of the cylindrical blocks 16, the depth of each groove 17 is changed from shallow to deep, the grooves 17 in the two adjacent cylindrical blocks 16 are symmetrically distributed, a worm wheel 18 is fixed at the front end of each cylindrical block 16, a rotatable worm 19 is installed in the middle of the circular plate 15 on the front side, the worm 19 can drive the four worm wheels 18 to rotate simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent worm wheels 18 are opposite.

In order to realize that the screw rod 4 can drive the screw rod 11 to rotate slowly, a speed reducer 20 is arranged between the screw rod 4 and the screw rod 11, the speed reducer 20 is fixed on a side plate of the frame 1, the screw rod 4 and an input shaft of the speed reducer 20 are driven by a bevel gear set, and the screw rod 11 and an output shaft of the speed reducer 20 are driven by a bevel gear set.

In order to ensure that the workpiece is stable and stable in left-right movement, the number of the guide rods 2 is two, and the two guide rods 2 are symmetrical front and back.

The telescopic rod 10 comprises a fixed rod 21 parallel to the screw rod 11, one end of the fixed rod 21 is fixed on the vertical plate 7, a sleeve 22 capable of sliding along the axial direction of the fixed rod 21 is sleeved on the fixed rod 21, and the end part of the sleeve 22 is fixed with the rack 1.

The end part of the screw rod 4 is connected with a power motor 23, and the power motor 23 is fixed on the rack 1.

The reducer 20 is selected from a plurality of reducers such as a gear reducer, a worm reducer and a planetary gear reducer, and in view of the poor heat dissipation characteristic of PEEK, the feeding needs to be stopped immediately after drilling for a limited 0.5mm, a reducer 20 which is stable and has a large reduction ratio is needed, and thus, a harmonic reducer is most suitable.

The bevel gear set comprises a first bevel gear coaxially fixed with the screw rod 4 and a second bevel gear on the input shaft of the speed reducer 20; the bevel gear set comprises a first bevel gear coaxially fixed with the screw 11 and a second bevel gear on the output shaft of the speed reducer 20.

It should be noted that the worm 19 is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the turning directions of the upper end and the lower end are opposite, as shown in the figure, the worm 19 is located in the middle of the circular plate 15, the two ends of the worm 19 are rotatably mounted on the front side of the circular plate 15, taking the part to be machined as an axle part as an example, the part to be machined is horizontally placed between the four cylindrical blocks 16, at this time, the four cylindrical blocks 16 are divided into a left group and a right group by taking the worm 19 as a boundary, when the worm 19 is rotated, the two cylindrical blocks 16 in the same group are simultaneously rotated in opposite directions, and since the cross section of the groove 17 is in a V shape, the parts with different diameters can be clamped. Of course, in drilling, both drill bits 9 need to be close to the fixture 6, but the rotation direction of the screw rod 4 is unchanged, so the thread directions on the left and right screw rods 11 are opposite.

In addition, the cooling liquid or the cooling air is provided in various manners, such as an outlet of the cooling liquid or the cooling air is arranged on the clamp 6, and the cooling liquid or the cooling air can be arranged on a vertical plate 7 of the drilling mechanism along with the left and right movement of the clamp 6, so that the workpiece and the drill bit 9 can be cooled in time in the drilling process of the drill bit 9.

In order to ensure that the drilling depth is not more than 0.5mm each time and prevent the phenomena of cutter breakage and coking, the distance of the drilling mechanism advancing towards the middle is not more than 0.5mm within the time that the screw rod 4 rotates to enable the nut 5 to carry the clamp 6 to reciprocate for one stroke left and right.

When a through hole needs to be drilled, a part to be machined is placed in a fixture 6 as shown in the drawing, a worm 19 is screwed, the worm 19 rotates to drive worm gears 18 on the left side and the right side to rotate simultaneously, every two grooves 17 on the upper outer circular surface and the outer circular surface of four cylindrical blocks 16 are in a group to clamp a workpiece, at the moment, a power motor 23 and a motor 8 are started, the power motor 23 drives a screw rod 4 to rotate, the screw rod 4 rotates to drive a nut 5 on the screw rod to move left and right at a constant speed, the nut 5 drives the fixture 6 to move left and right, if the fixture 6 moves left and right, initially, the workpiece does not contact with a drill bit 9 in the process of moving left and right along with the fixture 6, and after a plurality of working cycles, the workpiece contacts with the drill bit 9 to realize drilling; on the way of reciprocating, drill bit 9 and work piece homoenergetic obtain sufficient cooling time, reduce drill bit 9 card and die, wearing and tearing, effectively avoid the work piece fracture to appear, and two drill bits 9 alternate work, until drilling through.

Certainly, chips in the deep hole are difficult to discharge together with the drill bit 9, so, in each circulation, when the workpiece is completely separated from the drill bit 9, namely the clamp 6 moves to the middle part of the screw rod 4, the servo motor 14 rotates to drive the two circular plates 15 to rotate, so that the workpiece also rotates, and the chips in the hole are thrown out by using centrifugal force in the rotation of the workpiece, thereby effectively improving the drilling precision and quality and avoiding coking.

On the basis, when drilling slender blind holes, the servo motor 14 stops rotating in each working cycle, so that the part needing to be drilled faces the forward direction, for example, when the clamp 6 carries the workpiece to move leftwards, the part needing to be drilled on the workpiece faces the left drill bit 9, when the clamp 6 carries the workpiece to move rightwards, the part needing to be drilled on the workpiece faces the right drill bit 9, and therefore, two drill bits 9 alternately perform drilling operation on the same part until the required hole depth is reached.

Certainly, need drill out different apertures and be the crossing passageway of cross on some work pieces, for example three way connection, four way connection, right angle joint, so, both sides drill bit 9 is changed into required drill bit 9, and in the drilling, two drill bits 9 creep into in turn, mutual noninterference, and every drill bit 9 and working face can both obtain abundant heat dissipation, can effectively guarantee that drill bit 9 is not died by the card, also can effectively prevent the work piece and explode and split, guarantee safety in production.

The invention has prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress:

1. compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a plurality of drill bits 9 to drill in a cross way, which are mutually independent and matched, so that the workpiece and the drill bits 9 can be fully cooled, and the safety of the drill bits 9 and the workpiece in the drilling process can be ensured.

2. When current machine tooling is bored fine diameter's deep hole to the PEEK material again, the work piece is fixed, although the concentricity has been guaranteed, but also cause the piece in the fine hole can not in time discharge, lead to the easy coking phenomenon that appears of pore wall from this, the downthehole wall smoothness directly leads to the integration between the spraying paint vehicle inadequately, fault rate greatly increased, to this problem, utilize work piece pivoted centrifugal force to throw away downthehole piece and the coolant liquid that is detained in this device, not only guarantee the cleanness of working face when creeping into next time, also greatly reduced the coking phenomenon that appears in the downthehole drilling, it obtains many things at one stroke, excellent effect.

3. The invention adopts two drills 9 to work respectively, and also benefits from the alternate work of the two drills 9, so that the workpiece and the drills 9 can be fully cooled, the quality is ensured, the processing efficiency is improved, and the invention is flexible and changeable and is suitable for the processing production of non-standard parts.

Claims

1. A cutter breakage prevention safety drilling machine in a special plastic deep hole drill is characterized by comprising a machine frame (1), wherein a horizontal guide rod (2) is fixed at the upper end of the machine frame (1), a sliding block (3) capable of sliding left and right along the guide rod (2) is arranged on the guide rod (2), a reciprocating screw rod mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the guide rod (2), a screw rod (4) is parallel to the guide rod (2) and can rotate actively, a nut (5) is fixed with the sliding block (3), and a clamp (6) is fixed on the lower side of the nut (5); drilling mechanisms are fixed on the left side plate and the right side plate of the rack (1) and are positioned below the screw rod (4);

drilling mechanism include vertical riser (7), be fixed with motor (8) on one side that riser (7) are close to anchor clamps (6), install horizontally drill bit (9) on motor (8), install a plurality of horizontally telescopic link (10) between riser (7) and frame (1) curb plate, install ability pivoted screw rod (11) on frame (1) curb plate, lead screw (4) rotation can drive screw rod (11) and slowly rotate, threaded connection has screwed pipe (12) on screw rod (11), the screwed pipe (12) other end is fixed together with riser (7), screw rod (11) are rotated and can be driven riser (7) through screwed pipe (12) and be close to the fire and keep away from to anchor clamps (6).

2. The safety drilling machine for preventing the cutter from being broken in the special plastic deep hole drill is characterized in that the clamp (6) comprises a flat plate (15) fixed below the nut (5), a servo motor (114) is fixed at the lower end of the flat plate (13), two vertical circular plates (15) are arranged on the front side of the servo motor (14), the servo motor (14) can drive the two circular plates (15) to rotate, four cylindrical blocks (16) distributed in a shape like a Chinese character tian are arranged between the two circular plates (15), the end parts of the cylindrical blocks (16) are rotatably installed on the circular plates (15), grooves (17) with V-shaped cross sections are formed in the outer circular surfaces of the cylindrical blocks (16), the depth of the grooves (17) is changed from shallow to deep to shallow, the grooves (17) in the two adjacent cylindrical blocks (16) are symmetrically distributed, a worm wheel (18) is fixed at the front end of each cylindrical block (16), a rotatable worm (19) is installed in the middle of the circular plate (15) located on the front side, and the four worm wheels (18) can be driven to rotate simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent worm wheels (18) are opposite.

3. The special plastic deep hole drill cutter breakage preventing safety drill is characterized in that a speed reducer (20) is arranged between a screw rod (44) and a screw rod (11), the speed reducer (20) is fixed on a side plate of a rack (1), the screw rod (4) and an input shaft of the speed reducer (20) are in transmission through a bevel gear set, and the screw rod (11) and an output shaft of the speed reducer (20) are in transmission through a bevel gear set.

4. The safety drilling machine for preventing the cutter from being broken in the deep hole drill made of special plastics according to claim 1, wherein the number of the guide rods (2) is two, and the two guide rods (2) are symmetrical front and back.

5. The safety drilling machine for preventing the cutter from being broken in the deep hole drill of special plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescopic rod (10) comprises a fixed rod (21) parallel to the screw rod (11), one end of the fixed rod (21) is fixed on the vertical plate (7), a sleeve (22) capable of sliding along the axial direction of the fixed rod (21) is sleeved on the fixed rod (21), and the end part of the sleeve (22) is fixed with the rack (1).

6. The safety drill for preventing the cutter from being broken in the special plastic deep hole drill according to claim 1, wherein a power motor (23) is connected to the end of the lead screw (4), and the power motor (23) is fixed on the rack (1).