CN115735928A - Pesticide composition for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease, pesticide preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Pesticide composition for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease, pesticide preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of biocides, and particularly relates to a pesticide composition for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease, a pesticide preparation and application thereof. The invention breaks through the limitation of the conventional two bactericides in the prior art, creatively selects the combination of three bactericides, namely fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin, ensures that the obtained pesticide composition can cover multiple action sites, and realizes high-efficiency bacteriostasis. In the system, the high-efficiency control effect can be achieved only by adding a small amount of fludioxonil and tebuconazole, so that the raw material cost is greatly reduced, the harm to rice seeds is reduced, and the safety of pesticides is improved. The pesticide preparation provided by the invention has outstanding performance in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of the bakanae disease and the rot disease of rice, has obvious advantages compared with common products sold on the market, and is beneficial to the planting and production of rice. In addition, the pesticide composition and the preparation thereof have low toxicity to earthworms and higher environmental safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biocides containing heterocyclic compounds under classification number A01N43/50, in particular to a pesticide composition for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease, a pesticide preparation and application thereof.
Background
The rice bakanae disease is a seed-borne systemic disease, the diseased grains are not germinated or can not emerge after being sown, and the pathogenic bacteria is fusarium moniliforme and belongs to fungi of deuteromycotina. The rice straw with germs and disease is the primary infection source of rice bakanae disease, and the conidia on the seeds with germs pollute the disease-free seeds and infect the seeds when the seeds are soaked. Severe seedling withering, conidium generation on dead seedlings, propagation to healthy seedlings and re-infection. After the rice seedlings with the bacteria are planted, the mycelium can be expanded to the whole plant under proper conditions, and the vain growth of the stem leaves is stimulated. If the germs invade late, the grains do not show symptoms, but hyphae invade the interior of the grains to bring germs to the seeds. When threshing, it is mixed with the sick seeds and brings the healthy seeds into bacteria. Therefore, the prevention strategy of the disease is mainly based on prevention, and the common measure is to kill the overwintering pathogenic bacteria in the seeds by soaking the seeds with the medicament. Since the 80 s in the 20 th century, the agents for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease have undergone the evolution and development from benzimidazoles represented by carbendazim to imidazoles represented by prochloraz, and particularly, 86% of the agents for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease registered in the agricultural chemical certification of China at present are prochloraz or a compound agent thereof, and occupy the absolute position for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease. However, with the long-term single use of these drugs, the resistance of rice bakanae disease gradually appears, so that the screening of a safe and efficient novel medicament for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease becomes an urgent task in current rice production.
Pyraclostrobin is a strobilurin fungicide, has a killing effect on pathogenic fungi by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, and has a good prevention and treatment effect on wheat powdery mildew and gibberellic disease in the existing research. Patent CN 103314977A discloses a pharmaceutical composition of pyraclostrobin and cartap, which is proved to have certain prevention and treatment effects on rice bakanae disease, but the composition is simple, the prevention and treatment effects are limited, the action site is single, and the drug resistance is easy to generate after long-term application of pathogenic bacteria.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the pesticide composition which covers multiple action sites, is efficient, safe and low in cost, can prevent rice seedling rot and can synergistically prevent the rice seedling rot.
In another aspect, the present invention also aims to provide a pesticidal formulation comprising the above pesticidal composition.
On the other hand, the invention also aims to provide application of the pesticide composition and the pesticide preparation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pesticide composition for preventing and treating bakanae disease of rice is characterized by comprising fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin.
Preferably, the mass ratio of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin is 1-5: 2 to 15:7 to 20; further preferably, the mass ratio of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin is 1-2: 3 to 9:10 to 15; still further preferably, the mass ratio of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin is 2:3:15.
the inventor finds in research that although pyraclostrobin has high safety, the effect of preventing and treating the rice bakanae disease is not ideal, fludioxonil has excellent bacteriostatic effect on pathogenic bacteria of the rice bakanae disease, but the price of the fludioxonil is high, the current market price reaches 125 tons, and the cost is too high to be favorable for market popularization; the tebuconazole has a good bacteriostatic effect on pathogenic bacteria of rice bakanae disease, but has the function of inhibiting rooting, and can inhibit seed germination and seedling growth when the concentration is higher. The invention breaks through the limitation of the combination of two common bactericides in the prior art, creatively selects the combination of three bactericides, only needs to add a small amount of fludioxonil and tebuconazole in the combination of the invention, can realize excellent prevention and treatment effect on the bakanae disease of rice, and obviously improves the safety and prevention and treatment efficiency while reducing the cost. The three active ingredients show synergistic effect in the system, and the co-toxicity coefficient can reach more than 150 under a specific proportion. The inventor conjectures that the three active ingredients have different bacteriostatic sites, pyraclostrobin causes apoptosis by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, fludioxonil can inhibit glucose phosphorylation related transfer and inhibit fungal mycelium growth, tebuconazole inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis of fungi, mitochondrial respiration, glucose phosphorylation and ergosterol are in indivisible association, inhibition processes of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin on the three sites are mutually doped, and a synergistic effect of mutual enhancement to a certain degree is formed.
The invention also provides a pesticide preparation containing the pesticide composition, which is characterized by comprising the pesticide composition, an auxiliary agent and a dispersion medium.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the pyraclostrobin in the pesticide preparation is 1-4%; further preferably, the mass fraction of pyraclostrobin in the pesticide preparation is 2%, 2.5% or 3%.
Preferably, the preparation formulation comprises any one of emulsion, suspending agent, wettable powder, granule, water agent and missible oil.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a thickening agent, an antifreezing agent, a film forming agent, a defoaming agent and a warning color.
Preferably, the dispersing agent is tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether with CAS number 99734-09-5.
Preferably, the wetting agent is sodium docusate, CAS number 577-11-7.
Preferably, the thickening agent is one or two of xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate.
Preferably, the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol.
Preferably, the film former is an acrylate emulsion.
Preferably, the defoamer is a silicone defoamer.
Preferably, the warning color is BBC dye, CAS number: 7023-61-2.
Further preferably, the formulation is in the form of a seed treatment suspension; the dispersion medium is water.
Further preferably, the seed treatment suspending agent is prepared by the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing part of the thickening agent and the antifreezing agent to obtain a swelling solution;
s2: adding water into a shearing kettle, adding a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a film forming agent and a defoaming agent, stirring uniformly, sequentially adding fludioxonil, tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin, a thickening agent and warning color, shearing, and fully dispersing and emulsifying to obtain a liquid medicine;
s3: throw into the liquid medicine sand mill, carry out the cubic sanding in proper order, the ejection of compact after the sanding, add water and wash the sand mill, the water after will washing is merged into mixed feed liquid with the sanding ejection of compact, carries the batching cauldron in the lump.
S4: and (3) stirring the mixed material liquid in a material mixing kettle, adding the swelling liquid prepared in the step (S1) at the same time, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite material.
Because the bakanae disease of rice is a seed-borne systemic disease, the straw with bacteria and disease is the primary infection source of the bakanae disease of rice, and the diseased seeds are possible to infect healthy seeds during threshing and storage, the invention prepares the fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin pharmaceutical composition into a dosage form of a seed treatment suspending agent so as to carry out seed soaking treatment on the seeds before sowing, kill overwintering pathogenic bacteria in the seeds and achieve the maximum prevention and treatment effect on the bakanae disease of rice.
The invention also provides application of the pesticide composition and the pesticide preparation, which is characterized by being applied to prevention and treatment of rice bakanae disease or rice seedling rot.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention breaks through the limitation of the conventional two bactericides in the prior art, creatively selects the combination of three bactericides, namely fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin, ensures that the obtained pesticide composition can cover multiple action sites, and realizes high-efficiency bacteriostasis.
2. In the combined system of three active ingredients of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin, the effect of high-efficiency prevention and treatment can be achieved only by adding a small amount of fludioxonil, and the cost of raw materials is greatly reduced.
3. In the combined system of three active ingredients of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin, the high-efficiency prevention and treatment effect can be achieved only by using a low tebuconazole dosage, the harm to rice seeds is reduced, and the safety of pesticides is improved.
4. The pesticide preparation provided by the invention has outstanding performance in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of the rice bakanae disease and the rice seedling rot disease, and has obvious advantages compared with common products sold on the market.
5. The pesticide preparation containing the pesticide composition can achieve good prevention and treatment effect on rice bakanae disease at a lower dosage, saves the use cost and is greatly beneficial to planting and production of rice.
6. The pesticide composition and the preparation thereof have low toxicity to earthworms and higher environmental safety.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a pesticide composition for preventing and treating bakanae disease of rice, which is prepared by the following method:
fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin are respectively weighed according to the mass ratio of the components numbered 1-7 in the table 1 to obtain a mixed medicament, and the mixed medicament is dissolved by acetone to prepare a solution with the concentration of the mixed medicament being 1 mg/L. Wherein fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin are purchased from Liaoning Biochemical technology GmbH.
TABLE 1
Example 2
This example provides a seed treatment suspension comprising a pesticide composition for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease, prepared by the following method:
s1: the cold water circulating system is opened one hour in advance and the outlet water temperature is controlled at 10 ℃. Adding 0.2 part by weight of xanthan gum into 5 parts by weight of ethylene glycol, and uniformly mixing to obtain a 4% xanthan gum swelling solution;
s2: adding 30 parts by weight of water into a shearing kettle, adding 0.1 part by weight of organic silicon defoaming agent, 5 parts by weight of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.5 part by weight of sodium docusate and 6 parts by weight of acrylate emulsion, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding 0.4 part by weight of fludioxonil, 0.6 part by weight of tebuconazole, 3 parts by weight of pyraclostrobin, 1 part by weight of magnesium aluminum silicate and 5 parts by weight of BBC dye for shearing, wherein the shearing time is 20 minutes, and fully dispersing and emulsifying to obtain a liquid medicine;
s3: putting the liquid medicine into a sand mill, wherein the sand mill is controlled to operate under the conditions of 25A of current, 0.05MPa of air pressure and 20 ℃ of discharge temperature; opening a first-level sand mill for sanding, extracting a sample after 3 minutes, transferring the sample to a quality inspector to detect the fineness by using a laser particle size analyzer, discharging the sample after the fineness reaches 17 mu m, and adding 0.1 part by weight of organic silicon defoamer into the liquid medicine after the first-level sanding;
putting the first-stage sand-milled liquid medicine added with the defoaming agent into a second-stage sand mill for secondary sand milling, discharging after the fineness reaches 7 micrometers, and obtaining second-stage sand-milled liquid medicine;
feeding the liquid medicine after the secondary sanding into a tertiary sanding machine, performing sampling inspection on the granularity of the tertiary sanding once every 15 minutes until the fineness reaches 3.5 mu m, discharging, and conveying the batch of liquid medicine into a batching kettle;
washing residual liquid medicine in the sand mill by 43.1 parts by weight of water, conveying the water of the washing liquid medicine to the batching kettle together, and combining the water and the sand milling discharged material into mixed liquid medicine.
S4: and (3) adding the 20% xanthan gum swelling solution prepared in the step (S1) into the mixture liquid in the mixing kettle under stirring, and stirring for 30 minutes. And (3) stirring the mixed material liquid in a material mixing kettle, adding the swelling liquid prepared in the step (S1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite material.
The tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is purchased from national mechanical chemical industry Co., haian county.
The sodium docusate was purchased from national mechanical chemical Co., ltd, haian county.
The xanthan gum was purchased from Xuan Biochemical GmbH, ordos.
The acrylate emulsion is BS-1069A acrylate emulsion and is purchased from Beijing east Union North chemical industry Co.
The silicone defoamer was purchased from Shanghai Michelin Biotechnology, inc.
The BBC dye was purchased from shanghai Jianhua dye, ltd.
The magnesium aluminum silicate is purchased from Suzhou national Huiyu mineral New Material Co.
Performance testing
1. Combined toxicity of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin on bakanae disease of rice
The test was conducted at the pesticide production center of Shenyang chemical research and development Co., ltd, and the test strain, fusarium moniliforme, was provided by the pesticide production center of Shenyang chemical research and development Co., ltd.
The solution with the concentration of 1mg/L of 7 groups of mixed agents in the embodiment 1 is respectively diluted to 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 and 0.0625mg/L by acetone solvent gradient; weighing fludioxonil, dissolving the fludioxonil with acetone, preparing the mixture and diluting the mixture into a solution to be tested with the concentration of 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.0625 and 0.0313 mg/L; weighing tebuconazole, dissolving and preparing the tebuconazole by using acetone, and diluting the tebuconazole into a to-be-tested solution with the concentration of 1mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 0.25mg/L, 0.125 mg/L and 0.0625mg/L; pyraclostrobin is weighed, dissolved by acetone, prepared and diluted into the concentration of 4, 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.25mg/L.
Cooling the dissolved PDA culture medium to 60 deg.C, adding the above solutions to be tested to obtain toxic culture medium with different dosages, cooling to 25 deg.C, inoculating pathogenic bacteria tablet with diameter of 0.5cm, setting acetone solvent control and sterile water blank control, and culturing in incubator (25 deg.C + -1 deg.C). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The bakanae disease of the rice is cultured in an incubator for 72 hours for investigation, the growth diameter of the colony of each treated pathogenic bacterium to be tested is measured respectively during the investigation, and the bacteriostasis rate is calculated.
Calculating toxicity regression equation of each medicament by using DPS data processing system, and calculating EC of each test medicament and ratio 50 . Co-toxicity coefficients were obtained according to the SUN-Johnson method to compare the virulence effects of each agent. The calculation formula is as follows:
the theoretical virulence index of the combination = the virulence index of the a agent x the percentage of active ingredient of the a agent in the combination + the virulence index of the B agent x the percentage of active ingredient of the B agent in the combination.
Co-toxicity coefficient CTC: greater than 120 for synergism, less than 80 for antagonism, and 80 to 120 for additivity. The detailed results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The result shows that the three-component mixture of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin (fludioxonil + tebuconazole + pyraclostrobin =0.2+0.8+3, 0.3+0.7+3, 0.4+0.6+3, 0.2+1.3+2.5, 0.4+1.1+2.5, 0.2+1.8+2, 0.4+1.6+ 2) is prepared by mass ratio, and the cotoxicity coefficients of seven test ratios are 123.87, 148.18, 154.34, 120.55, 158.60, 121.36 and 136.73 respectively. The co-toxicity coefficients of the seven proportions are all more than 120, and the synergistic effect is achieved.
2. Field efficacy test for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease
The seed treatment suspending agent in example 2 was used as a test agent, and three control agent groups were set, which were 10% pyraclostrobin seed treatment suspending agent available from standard Shanxi Ming crop science, inc., 25g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent available from Nantong, mcDongtong, mcDong crop protection, inc., and 0.25% tebuconazole suspension seed coating agent available from friend margin industries, inc., putian, fujian province, respectively. Strictly according to the 104 th part of the pesticide field efficacy test criterion (II) of the national standard GB/T17980.104-2004 of the people's republic of China: the bactericide for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease and related SOPs are prepared by performing six groups of field efficacy tests on four places respectively, and detailed information and test data are as follows.
(1) Test of field drug effect
Test site: thirty-one fifty-one three-house Bake villages (Dongshi: 117.384902; northern latitude: 31.520781) in the New Hefei city, anhui province.
Test start-stop time: 2021-06-03 to 2021-10-23.
Rice variety: and (3) Anhui rice 139.
The application method and the water consumption are as follows: coating the seeds with a rice seed amount of about 50g/m 2 The amount of water used was 20mL/kg of seeds.
The dosage of the medicament:
and (3) test results: a DPS 7.05 data processing system is adopted, and then a Duncan's new range-of-merit (DMRT) method is adopted to process and analyze test data, and test results are shown in the following tables 2-4:
TABLE 2
Note: the control effect value in the table is the mean value of the control effect of the disease plant rate corresponding to 5 sampling points, and is not obtained by directly calculating the disease plant rate in the table.
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
(2) Test for field drug effect
Test site: rural cold water village in Suizhong county, feng island city, liaoning province.
Test start-stop time: 2021-04-06-2021-08-07.
Rice variety: abundance 80.
The application method and the water consumption are as follows: coating the seeds, wherein the mass ratio of the seeds is 1.
The dosage of the medicament is as follows:
the DPS (19.05 advanced edition) software is used for carrying out the difference significance analysis on the test data by adopting the Duncan's new double offset method (DMRT). Wherein the significance of the difference of the 0.05 level is represented by lowercase English letters, the difference between different letters represents the significance of the treatment, a, b and c, 8230A, and the sequence represents that the control effect is from high to low; the significance of the difference of the level 0.01 is represented by capital English letters, the difference between different letters represents that the difference between treatments is extremely significant, A, B and C, 8230A, and the sequence represents that the control effect is high to low. The test results are shown in tables 5-11 below:
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
TABLE 7
TABLE 8
TABLE 9
Watch 10
TABLE 11
(3) Field drug effect test III
Test site: gaolu village (29 ° 59'21 ' north latitude and 113 ° 50' east longitude) at Longkou town of Honghu lake province, hubei province.
Test start-stop time: 2021-3-30 to 2021-6-25.
Rice variety: fengliyou xiang No. 1.
The application method and the water consumption are as follows: before sowing, seeds are dressed (coated).
The dosage of the medicament:
EXCEL is adopted to calculate the disease rate and the prevention effect, and the DPS9.5 software Duncan new negative error (DMRT) method is adopted to carry out variance analysis on test data. The results of the tests are given in table 12 below:
TABLE 12
(4) Test for field drug effect
Test site: the field plate eyesight protecting village (30 ' 22' north latitude, 114 ' 19' east longitude, 42 ') in the summer district of Wuhan city, hubei province.
Test start-stop time: 2022-4-2 to 2022-6-26.
Rice variety: xiang early Long No. 45.
The application method and the water consumption are as follows: before sowing, seeds are dressed (coated).
The dosage of the medicament is as follows:
EXCEL is adopted to calculate the disease rate and the prevention effect, and the DPS9.5 software Duncan new negative error (DMRT) method is adopted to carry out variance analysis on test data. The results of the tests are given in table 13 below:
watch 13
(5) Field efficacy test five
Test site: bridge end town of Shizhu county, chongqing City.
Test start-stop time: 2021-3-30 to 2021-7-21.
Rice variety: rongliangyou 1377.
The application method and the water consumption are as follows: and (4) coating the seeds. 1 to 2L per 100kg of seeds.
The dosage of the medicament:
and (4) carrying out statistical analysis on the drug effect result by adopting SPSS software through a Duncan's new repolarization method (DMRT). The results of the tests are given in tables 14-16 below:
TABLE 14
| Drug treatment | Rate of emergence (%) | Significance of difference |
| Example 2 seed treatment suspension FS 400g/100kg seed | 83.25 | bcA |
| Example 2 seed treatment suspension FS 800g/100kg of seeds | 85.5 | abA |
| Example 2 seed treatment suspension FS 1200g/100kg of seeds | 86.25 | aA |
| 25g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent FS 3000g/100kg of seeds | 84.5 | abcA |
| 25g/L fludioxonil FS 500g/100kg seeds | 85 | abcA |
| 10% pyraclostrobin seed treatment suspending agent FS 400g/100kg seed | 83 | bcA |
| CK | 82.75 | cA |
Watch 15
TABLE 16
(6) Six field drug effect tests
Test site: bridge end town of Shizhu county, chongqing City.
Test start-stop time: 2022-3-28-2022-7-28.
Rice variety: and C, the two excellences are good.
The application method and the water consumption are as follows: and (4) coating the seeds. 1 to 2L per 100kg of seeds.
The dosage of the medicament is as follows:
and (4) statistically analyzing the drug effect result by adopting SPSS software to perform statistical analysis by a Duncan's new repolarization test (DMRT). The results of the tests are shown in tables 17-19 below:
TABLE 17
| Drug treatment | Rate of emergence (%) | Significance of difference |
| Example 2 seed treatment suspension FS 400g/100kg of seeds | 84.75 | abA |
| Example 2 seed treatment suspension FS 800g/100kg of seeds | 85.5 | abA |
| Example 2 seed treatment suspension FS 1200g/100kg of seeds | 86.75 | aA |
| 25g/L fludioxonil suspended seed coating agent FS 3000g/100kg of seeds | 84.5 | bA |
| 25g/L fludioxonil FS 500g/100kg of seeds | 84.5 | bA |
| 10% pyraclostrobin seed treatment suspending agent FS 400g/100kg seed | 83.75 | bA |
| CK | 84.25 | bA |
Watch 18
Watch 19
The safety of crops: in the six test periods, the field survey results show that the tested substance (the suspending agent for seed treatment in example 2) has no adverse effect on the growth of rice and no phytotoxicity symptom at the dosage of 400-1200 g/100kg of seed preparation. Is safe to rice within the dosage range of the test preparation.
3. Indoor efficacy contrast test with common commercial products
The control object is: bakanae disease (fusarium moniliforme), and rice seedling rot disease (achlyayoryzae).
Test crops: rice (variety: longjing 31). The tested rice seeds are from Heilongjiang (variety: longjing 31) and are seeds with bacterial of rice bakanae disease.
Test site: eight Hongling street test base in Sujia province of Shenyang city, liaoning province.
And (3) rice seedling raising and sowing density: 0.6kg/m 2 。
Experimental agents: 11% doimepir suspension seed coating agent, 5% mefenoxuron/pyrrole/pyrimidine seed treatment suspending agent, the seed treatment suspending agent of example 2, 17% doomeifu suspension seed coating agent, 0.8% mefenoxuron/tebuconazole seed treatment emulsion, 6% mefenoxuron/pyrrole/pyrimidine seed treatment suspending agent, 10% mefenoxuron/tebuconazole/azoxystrobin seed treatment suspending agent, wherein the agents are from Liaoning Zhuang Miao Biotechnology corporation; a 25g/l fludioxonil suspended seed coating formulation, purchased from syngenta nantong crop protection limited.
And (3) test treatment:
(1) The medicament using method comprises the following steps: coating seeds, namely respectively adding rice seeds and the following medicaments (the medicament-seed ratio is a mass ratio) in a seed coating vessel, fully stirring and shaking to uniformly coat the seeds.
(2) Seed soaking treatment: and (3) airing the coated seeds in a fume hood, and then carrying out seed soaking treatment for 3 days, wherein the exposure of the seeds is subject to the standard.
(3) Seed seedling culture: and sowing the soaked seeds in a seedling raising tray, and culturing in a greenhouse. Greenhouse temperature: day 32 ℃ and night 20 ℃.
The investigation and counting method comprises the following steps:
and (4) control effect investigation: culturing to 3 leaves, investigating the preventing and treating effect, randomly selecting 100 plants per 4 plates, and investigating the number of diseased plants and the total plants.
Calculating and analyzing: and (3) counting the data by using Excel and DPS software, analyzing the test data by using a Duncan's new repolarization method (DMRT), and evaluating the test result.
The efficacy calculation method comprises the following steps:
the results of the seedbed experiments for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease are shown in table 20, wherein the dosage of the preparation is the weight ratio of the pesticide to the seeds, and the result value is the preventing and treating effect (%):
watch 20
The statistical analysis of the effect of preventing and treating rice bakanae disease is shown in table 21:
TABLE 21
The results of the seedbed experiments for controlling rice seedling rot are shown in table 22:
TABLE 22
The statistical analysis of the effect of controlling rice seedling rot is shown in table 23:
TABLE 23
In tables 20 to 23, the amount of the preparation used was the weight ratio of drug/seed, and the result values in tables 20 and 22 were the control effect (%).
4. Environmental toxicology test
Acute toxicity test on earthworm
Test standards: the 15 th part of the Standard for evaluation of environmental safety of chemical pesticides is the earthworm acute toxicity test (GB/T31720.15-2014).
The test sample and control parameters are as follows:
testing earthworms and sources: eiseniafoetida (Eiseniafoetida) is introduced to a Jinan earthworm breeding base, healthy adult earthworms with breeding clitellum are selected, individuals with the body weight of 300-600 mg are used for testing, and the earthworms are domesticated at the room temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃. 24 hours before the test begins, the earthworms are put into artificial soil for domestication.
The formula of the artificial soil is as follows:
the contamination concentration: test setup 60.0mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、72.0mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、86.4mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、104mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、124mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、149mg a.i./kg Dry soil The total concentration of 6 tests is provided, blank control groups are arranged at the same time, 3 replicates are arranged in each group, and 10 earthworms are placed in each replicate.
The contamination method comprises the following steps: according to the ' earthworm acute toxicity test ' (GB/T31720.15-2014) in the 15 th part of the Standard of environmental safety evaluation of pesticides test of the institute of agricultural science of the Ministry of agriculture of the people's republic of China and the SOP of the testing center of the pesticide science research institute of Shandong province, 25.0002g of a sample to be tested is accurately weighed according to the designed concentration in a 50mL beaker, is dissolved and diluted by water and is transferred to a 100mL volumetric flask, the beaker is washed clean by water, and the washing liquid is completely transferred to the volumetric flask to achieve the constant volume, so that 1.00 multiplied by 10 is obtained 4 mg a.i./L test mother liquor. Accurately transferring 3.000mL, 3.600mL, 4.320mL, 5.200mL, 6.200mL and 7.450mL of mother liquor into a 250mL beaker, adding water to supplement 175g, adding the medicine liquor and 500g of mixed artificial soil into a soil mixing basin, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the medicine concentration in the soil reaches 60.0mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、72.0mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、86.4mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、104mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、124mg a.i./kg Dry soil 、149mg a.i./kg Dry soil The water content of the soil reaches 30-35 percent. After fully and uniformly stirring, the artificial soil is put into 1L beakers, and 10 earthworms are added into each beaker. After the earthworms are moved in, the openings of the earthworms are sealed by preservative films, and 20 to 30 small holes are pricked by a big head needle to keep the living environment of the earthworms to be ventilated. Blank with the same amount of water added, 3 replicates per treatment.
Symptom observation and data recording: symptoms of earthworm intoxication and the number of deaths (no response to earthworm touching the tail of earthworm with needle, death) were observed and recorded at 7d and 14d after the drug treatment.
Data processing: the results of the test were processed using SPSS16.0 statistical software to calculate the semi-Lethal Concentration (LC) of the suspending agent of example 2 seed treatment on earthworms 7d and 14d 50 ) And 95% confidence limits.
And (3) quality control:
(1) The mortality rate of the blank control group was 0%.
(2) The pH value of the artificial soil for the test is 6.19 before the test.
(3) During the test, the laboratory conditions were normal.
(4) Acute toxicity test of chloroacetamide on earthworm is carried out by taking Eisenia fetida as biological test material, the result is shown in Table 24, and LC is measured 50 (14d)＝37.4mg a.i./kg Dry soil 95% confidence limit: 33.9mg a.i./kg Dry soil ～41.7mg a.i./kg Dry soil 。
Watch 24
And (3) test results: the test results show that the suspending agent for seed treatment in example 2 has acute toxicity to earthworms (see table 25 and table 26):
LC 50 (7d)＝95.2mg a.i./kg dry soil 95% confidence limit: 87.9mg a.i./kg Dry soil ～103mg a.i./kg Dry soil ；
LC 50 (14d)＝85.1mg a.i./kg Dry soil 95% confidence limit: 78.6mg a.i./kg dry soil ～91.9mg a.i./kg Dry soil 。
TABLE 25
Watch 26
And (4) test conclusion: according to the earthworm acute toxicity test (GB/T31270.15-2014) in the section 15 of the test guidelines for environmental safety evaluation of chemical pesticides, the acute toxicity of pesticides to earthworms is LC 50 (14d) The sizes of (a) are classified into the following classes: LC (liquid Crystal) 50 >10.0mg a.i./kg Dry soil The toxicity is low, 1.00mg a.i./kg Dry soil <LC 50 ≤10.0mg a.i./kg Dry soil For poisoning, 0.100mg a.i./kg Dry soil <LC 50 ≤1.00mg a.i./kg Dry soil Being highly toxic, LC 50 ≤0.100mg a.i./kg Dry soil It is extremely toxic.
Under the laboratory conditions, the acute toxicity of the suspending agent for seed treatment in example 2 to earthworms is low according to the classification standard of the acute toxicity of pesticides to earthworms.
Claims (10)
1. A pesticide composition for preventing and treating bakanae disease of rice is characterized by comprising fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin.
2. The pesticide composition for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin is 1-5: 2 to 15:7 to 20.
3. The pesticide composition for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease according to claim 2, characterized in that the mass ratio of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin is 1-2: 3 to 9:10 to 15.
4. A pesticidal formulation for controlling rice bakanae disease, which comprises the pesticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, an adjuvant and a dispersion medium.
5. The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease according to claim 4, wherein the mass fraction of pyraclostrobin in the pesticide preparation is 1-4%.
6. The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease as claimed in claim 4, wherein the dosage form of the preparation includes any one of emulsion, suspending agent, wettable powder, granule, water aqua and missible oil.
7. The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease as claimed in claim 6, wherein the adjuvant includes one or more of dispersant, wetting agent, thickener, antifreezing agent, film forming agent, defoaming agent and warning color.
8. The pesticide preparation for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease as claimed in claim 7, wherein the preparation is in the form of seed treatment suspending agent; the dispersion medium is water.
9. The pesticide formulation for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease as claimed in claim 8, wherein the seed treatment suspending agent is prepared through the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing part of the thickening agent and the antifreezing agent to obtain a swelling solution;
s2: adding water into a shearing kettle, adding a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a film forming agent and a defoaming agent, stirring uniformly, sequentially adding fludioxonil, tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin, a thickening agent and warning color, shearing, and fully dispersing and emulsifying to obtain a liquid medicine;
s3: and (3) putting the liquid medicine into a sand mill, sanding for three times in sequence, discharging after sanding, adding water to wash the sand mill, combining the washed water and the sanded discharged material into mixed liquid, and conveying the mixed liquid into a batching kettle.
S4: and (3) stirring the mixed material liquid in a material mixing kettle, adding the swelling liquid prepared in the step (S1) at the same time, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite material.
10. The pesticide composition for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3 or the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease as set forth in any one of claims 4 to 8, which is used for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease or rice seedling rot.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105851031A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-17 | 洛阳市嘉创农业开发有限公司 | Suspended seed coating agent containing fludioxonil and pyraclostrobin |
| CN113558053A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-29 | 黑龙江省大地丰农业科技开发有限公司 | Seed coating agent for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105851031A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-17 | 洛阳市嘉创农业开发有限公司 | Suspended seed coating agent containing fludioxonil and pyraclostrobin |
| CN113558053A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-10-29 | 黑龙江省大地丰农业科技开发有限公司 | Seed coating agent for preventing and treating rice bakanae disease and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 吕建军: "4%吡醚·咯·戊唑醇种子处理悬浮剂液相色谱分析", 农药 * |
| 虞根聪;蒋天梅;孙莲;赖朝晖;: "3种药剂对水稻恶苗病的防治效果", 浙江农业科学 * |
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