CN115728863A - Low-loss anti-resonance hollow optical fiber - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present application relates to a low-loss anti-resonant hollow-core optical fiber comprising a core region and a cladding region; the cladding region comprises an outer cladding layer, a first anti-resonance layer and a second anti-resonance layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the first anti-resonance layer comprises a plurality of first elliptical capillaries which are rotationally symmetrically distributed, and the first elliptical capillaries are tangent with the outer cladding layer; the second anti-resonance layer comprises a plurality of second elliptical capillaries which are rotationally and symmetrically distributed, the second elliptical capillaries are tangent to the first elliptical capillaries, and the second elliptical capillaries and the first elliptical capillaries are arranged in a staggered manner; and a region surrounded by a boundary of the first antiresonant layer and the second antiresonant layer is a core region. According to the cladding tube, a circular cladding tube in a hollow-core optical fiber is changed into an elliptical cladding tube, and the influence of a high-order mode is inhibited by reducing the curvature radius of the cladding tube, so that the limit loss of a basic mode can be reduced. And the two tangent layers of elliptical capillaries are mutually supported, so that the deformation of the capillaries in the preparation process can be avoided, and the preparation precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication, in particular to a low-loss anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber.
Background
With the development of 5G technology, the requirement for the transmission capacity of optical fiber communication is higher and higher, but the solid core optical fiber based on silica glass transmission gradually becomes a bottleneck affecting the development of optical fiber communication technology due to the intrinsic properties of the material, such as nonlinearity, low dispersion, damage threshold, and the like, and meanwhile, in some special fields, such as high power, ultrafast optics, nonlinear optics, and the like, the optical fiber also shows limitations caused by the material.
The hollow-core optical fiber with the air core can realize that more than 99 percent of light is transmitted in the air, thereby greatly reducing the influence of the material characteristics of the optical fiber on the performance of the optical fiber. Compared with the traditional solid optical fiber, the hollow optical fiber has the advantages of low time delay, low chromatic dispersion, low nonlinearity, high damage threshold, low thermal sensitivity, radiation resistance, capability of guiding light in any transmission window and the like. Therefore, the hollow-core optical fiber has advantages over the traditional solid-core optical fiber in the important fields of optical communication, high-power laser, ultrafast optics, nonlinear optics, optical fiber sensing and the like.
The traditional hollow-core optical fiber cladding structure is a single-ring node-free structure, the cladding of the traditional hollow-core optical fiber cladding structure is generally formed by a ring of non-contact thin-wall capillary tubes, and the limiting loss of the traditional hollow-core optical fiber cladding structure is higher. In addition, the cladding tube of the currently reported hollow-core optical fiber is easy to collapse and deform in the preparation process, so that energy leakage and mode coupling are caused, and the actual performance of the optical fiber is greatly different from the theoretical design value. The above problems have somewhat limited the development and application of hollow core optical fibers.
In summary, how to reduce the loss of the hollow-core optical fiber and greatly improve the preparation precision of the hollow-core optical fiber are problems to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a low-loss anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber, which aims to solve the problems of high loss of the hollow-core optical fiber and low precision caused by easy collapse and deformation of a cladding pipe in the related technology.
In a first aspect, there is provided a low loss anti-resonant hollow-core optical fibre comprising:
a core region;
the cladding region comprises an outer cladding layer, a first anti-resonance layer and a second anti-resonance layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the first anti-resonance layer comprises a plurality of first elliptical capillaries which are rotationally symmetrically distributed, and the first elliptical capillaries are tangent to the outer cladding layer; the second anti-resonance layer comprises a plurality of second elliptical capillaries which are rotationally and symmetrically distributed, the second elliptical capillaries are tangent to the first elliptical capillaries, and the second elliptical capillaries and the first elliptical capillaries are arranged in a staggered manner;
and a region surrounded by a boundary of the first antiresonant layer and the second antiresonant layer is the core region.
In some embodiments, the minor axis D of the first elliptical capillary 3x Is larger than the minor axis D of the second elliptical capillary 4x ；
Major axis D of the first elliptical capillary 3y Larger than the major axis D of the second elliptical capillary 4y 。
In some embodiments, the major axis D of the first elliptical capillary tube 3y The value range of (A) is 26.0-40.0 μm;
and/or the major axis D of the second elliptical capillary 4y The value range of (A) is 11.7-26.0 μm;
and/or the ellipticity of the first elliptical capillary tube and the ellipticity of the second elliptical capillary tube both range from 0.70 to 0.85.
In some embodiments, the first elliptical capillary tube comprises a first refractive index layer and a second refractive index layer arranged in sequence from inside to outside, wherein the refractive index of the first refractive index layer is smaller than that of the second refractive index layer;
and/or the second elliptical capillary tube comprises a first refractive index layer and a second refractive index layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the refractive index of the first refractive index layer is smaller than that of the second refractive index layer.
In some embodiments, the first refractive index layer has a refractive index ranging from 1.32 to 1.44, and the second refractive index layer has a refractive index ranging from 1.40 to 1.45.
In some embodiments, the wall thickness t of the first refractive index layer 5 And a wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer 6 And are equal.
In some embodiments, the wall thickness t of the first refractive index layer 5 And a wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer 6 The value ranges are all 0.05-1.0 mu m.
In some embodiments, the core region is filled with one or more gases, or is a vacuum;
and/or the diameter d of the fiber core area ranges from 30 to 50 μm.
In some embodiments, the number of the first elliptical capillaries in the first anti-resonance layer is equal to the number of the second elliptical capillaries in the second anti-resonance layer, and is 4 to 6.
In some embodiments, the outer cladding employs pure silicon dioxide.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
the method aims at solving the problems that the limit loss of the hollow optical fiber is high, and the cladding tube is easy to collapse in the preparation process, so that the deformation is caused, the manufacturing precision is reduced, and the energy leakage and the mode coupling are caused. The application provides a low-loss anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber, the regional cladding region that has the fibre core of low refracting index and high refracting index, the cladding region of high refracting index divide into inner cladding and surrounding layer two parts again, the inner cladding comprises two-layer tangent oval capillary, compare with conventional hollow-core optical fiber, this application changes the circular cladding pipe in the hollow-core optical fiber into oval cladding pipe, through reducing the radius of curvature of cladding pipe, restraines the influence of high-order mode to can reduce basic mode limiting loss. And two tangent layers of elliptical capillaries are mutually supported, so that the deformation of the capillaries in the preparation process can be avoided, and the preparation precision is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-loss antiresonant hollow-core fiber according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a hollow core optical fiber according to a comparative example of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a hollow core optical fiber according to another comparative example of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph of confinement loss for the examples and comparative examples provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first elliptical capillary provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second elliptical capillary according to embodiments of the present application.
In the figure: 1. a core region; 2. an outer cladding; 3. a first elliptical capillary tube; 4. a second elliptical capillary; 5. a first refractive index layer; 6. a second refractive index layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a low-loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber, where the hollow-core fiber includes a core region 1 and a cladding region, and the cladding region includes an outer cladding layer 2, a first anti-resonant layer, and a second anti-resonant layer, which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the first anti-resonance layer comprises a plurality of first elliptical capillaries 3 which are rotationally symmetrically distributed, and the first elliptical capillaries 3 are tangent to the outer cladding layer 2; the second anti-resonance layer comprises a plurality of second elliptical capillaries 4 which are rotationally and symmetrically distributed, the second elliptical capillaries 4 are tangent to the first elliptical capillaries 3, and the second elliptical capillaries 4 and the first elliptical capillaries 3 are arranged in a staggered manner; the second anti-resonance layer is closer to the central axis of the hollow-core optical fiber than the first anti-resonance layer, the area surrounded by the boundary of the first anti-resonance layer and the second anti-resonance layer is a fiber core area 1, the fiber core area 1 is the main area of optical signal transmission, and one or more gases or vacuum can be filled in the fiber core area 1.
The method aims at solving the problems that the limit loss of the hollow optical fiber is high, and the cladding tube is easy to collapse in the preparation process, so that the deformation is caused, the manufacturing precision is reduced, and the energy leakage and the mode coupling are caused. The low-loss anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber provided by the embodiment of the application has a fiber core region 1 with a low refractive index and a cladding region with a high refractive index, wherein the cladding region with the high refractive index is divided into an inner cladding and an outer cladding 2, the inner cladding comprises two layers of tangent elliptical capillary tubes, and compared with the conventional hollow-core optical fiber, the low-loss anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber changes a circular cladding tube in the hollow-core optical fiber into an elliptical cladding tube, inhibits the influence of a high-order mode by reducing the curvature radius of the cladding tube, and can reduce the limit loss of a basic mode. And two tangent layers of elliptical capillaries are mutually supported, so that the deformation of the capillaries in the preparation process can be avoided, and the preparation precision is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, a comparative example is shown, in which an anti-resonance negative-curvature hollow-core optical fiber is provided in a single-layer tube ring structure, and a single-layer tube is circular; referring to fig. 3, which is another comparative example, the antiresonant negative-curvature hollow-core optical fiber provided by the present application is a double-layer tube ring structure, and both the two layers of tubes are circular, while the hollow-core optical fiber provided by the present application is a double-layer elliptical tube ring structure, the comparison result of the limiting losses of the three types of hollow-core optical fibers is shown in fig. 4, where the limiting loss of the single-layer tube ring structure is the highest, the limiting loss of the double-layer tube ring structure is the lowest, and the limiting loss of the double-layer elliptical tube ring structure is the lowest.
Preferably, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the minor axis D of the first elliptical capillary 3 3x Is larger than the minor axis D of the second elliptical capillary 4 4x (ii) a Major axis D of the first elliptical capillary 3 3y Larger than the major axis D of the second elliptical capillary 4 4y . A second anti-resonance layer with a small radius is additionally arranged in the first anti-resonance layer, so that the mode coupling effect can be inhibited, and the loss of the hollow-core optical fiber is reduced.
Major axis D of the first elliptical capillary 3 3y Is in the range of 26.0 to 40.0 mu m, and the major axis D of the second elliptical capillary 4 4y Is 11.7 to 26.0 μm, the ellipticity of the first elliptical capillary tube 3 and the second elliptical capillary tube 4 is 0.70 to 0.85, the ellipticity is the ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of the ellipse, the ellipticity e of the first elliptical capillary tube 3 3 ＝D 3x /D 3y Ellipticity e of the second elliptical capillary 4 4 ＝D 4x /D 4y 。
The ellipticity of the first elliptical capillary 3 and the ellipticity of the second elliptical capillary 4 may be equal or may not be equal, and preferably, when selecting a capillary, the ellipticity of the first elliptical capillary 3 and the ellipticity of the second elliptical capillary 4 are equal.
In order to further reduce the confinement loss, referring to fig. 5, the first elliptical capillary 3 includes a first refractive index layer 5 and a second refractive index layer 6 arranged in sequence from inside to outside, and the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 5 is smaller than that of the second refractive index layer 6; by introducing the high-refractive-index material layer and the low-refractive-index material layer into the elliptical capillary, light in the fiber core area is totally reflected at the interface of the high-refractive-index material layer and the low-refractive-index material layer, so that the light is bound in the fiber core area for transmission, and the limiting loss is further reduced.
Referring to fig. 6, the second elliptical capillary tube 4 includes a first refractive index layer 5 and a second refractive index layer 6 sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 5 is smaller than that of the second refractive index layer 6. By introducing the high-refractive-index material layer and the low-refractive-index material layer into the elliptical capillary, light in the fiber core area is totally reflected at the interface of the high-refractive-index material layer and the low-refractive-index material layer, so that the light is bound in the fiber core area for transmission, and the limiting loss is further reduced.
Preferably, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 5 ranges from 1.32 to 1.44, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 6 ranges from 1.40 to 1.45.
Preferably, the wall thickness t of the first refractive index layer 5 5 And the wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer 6 6 Are equal. Wall thickness t of the first refractive index layer 5 5 And the wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer 6 6 The value ranges are all 0.05-1.0 mu m.
Preferably, the diameter d of the core region 1 ranges from 30 to 50 μm.
Preferably, the number of the first elliptical capillaries 3 in the first anti-resonance layer is equal to the number of the second elliptical capillaries 4 in the second anti-resonance layer, and the number is 4 to 6.
Preferably, the outer cladding 2 is of pure silicon dioxide.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in this embodiment, the outer cladding 2 of the low-loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber is made of pure silica, and in the first anti-resonant layer of the low-loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber, the major axis diameter D of the first elliptical capillary 3 is 3y Is 32 μm, ellipticity e 3 Is 0.75; in the second antiresonant layer, the major axis diameter D of the second elliptical capillary 4 4y 12.1 μm, ellipticity e 4 Is 0.75; the first refractive index layer 5 of the first and second elliptical capillaries 3 and 4 has a wall thickness t 5 And the wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer 6 6 0.18 μm, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 6 is 1.45, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 5 is 1.38, the number of the first elliptical capillaries 3 and the number of the second elliptical capillaries 4 are both 6, and the diameter d of the core region 1 of the low-loss antiresonant hollow-core optical fiber is 42 μm. The average loss of the low-loss anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber in the embodiment is 0.437dB/km in the range of 1260-1565 nm.
Example two:
in this embodiment, the outer cladding 2 of the low-loss antiresonant hollow-core fiber is made of pure silica, and in the first antiresonant layer of the low-loss antiresonant hollow-core fiber, the major axis diameter D of the first elliptical capillary 3 3y 34 μm, ellipticity e 3 Is 0.80; in the second antiresonant layer, the major axis diameter D of the second elliptical capillary 4 4y Is 16.0 μm, ellipseRate e 4 Is 0.75; the first refractive index layer 5 of the first and second elliptical capillaries 3 and 4 has a wall thickness t 5 And the wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer 6 6 0.26 μm, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 6 is 1.42, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 5 is 1.33, the number of the first elliptical capillary 3 and the second elliptical capillary 4 is 6, and the diameter d of the core region 1 of the low-loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber is 44 μm. The average loss of the low-loss anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber in the embodiment is 0.464dB/km within the range of 1260-1565 nm.
Example three:
in this embodiment, the outer cladding 2 of the low-loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber is made of pure silica, and in the first anti-resonant layer of the low-loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber, the major axis diameter D of the first elliptical capillary 3 is 3y 35 μm, ellipticity e 3 Is 0.82; in the second antiresonant layer, the major axis diameter D of the second elliptical capillary 4 4y 16.4 μm, ellipticity e 4 Is 0.73; the first refractive index layer 5 of the first and second elliptical capillaries 3 and 4 has a wall thickness t 5 And the wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer 6 6 0.58 μm, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 6 is 1.45, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 5 is 1.36, the number of the first elliptical capillary 3 and the second elliptical capillary 4 is 4, and the diameter d of the core region 1 of the low-loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber is 38 μm. The average loss of the low-loss anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber in the embodiment is 0.482dB/km in a 1260-1565 nm range.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description is only an example of the present application, and is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A low loss anti-resonant hollow core fiber, comprising:
a core region (1);
the cladding region comprises an outer cladding layer (2), a first anti-resonance layer and a second anti-resonance layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the first antiresonant layer comprises a plurality of first elliptical capillaries (3) which are distributed in a rotational symmetry manner, and the first elliptical capillaries (3) are tangent to the outer cladding (2); the second anti-resonance layer comprises a plurality of second elliptical capillaries (4) which are distributed in a rotational symmetry manner, the second elliptical capillaries (4) are tangent to the first elliptical capillaries (3), and the second elliptical capillaries (4) and the first elliptical capillaries (3) are arranged in a staggered manner;
and a region surrounded by the boundary of the first antiresonant layer and the second antiresonant layer is the core region (1).
2. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber of claim 1, wherein:
a minor axis D of the first elliptical capillary (3) 3x Is larger than the minor axis D of the second elliptical capillary (4) 4x ；
A major axis D of the first elliptical capillary tube (3) 3y Larger than the major axis D of the second elliptical capillary tube (4) 4y 。
3. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber of claim 2, wherein:
a major axis D of the first elliptical capillary tube (3) 3y The value range of (A) is 26.0-40.0 μm;
and/or the major axis D of the second elliptical capillary (4) 4y The value range of (A) is 11.7-26.0 μm;
and/or the ellipticity of the first elliptical capillary tube (3) and the ellipticity of the second elliptical capillary tube (4) both range from 0.70 to 0.85.
4. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber of claim 1, wherein:
the first elliptic capillary tube (3) comprises a first refractive index layer (5) and a second refractive index layer (6) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the refractive index of the first refractive index layer (5) is smaller than that of the second refractive index layer (6);
and/or the second elliptical capillary tube (4) comprises a first refractive index layer (5) and a second refractive index layer (6) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the refractive index of the first refractive index layer (5) is smaller than that of the second refractive index layer (6).
5. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber according to claim 4, wherein:
the refractive index of the first refractive index layer (5) ranges from 1.32 to 1.44, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer (6) ranges from 1.40 to 1.45.
6. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber according to claim 4, wherein:
the first refractive index layer (5) has a wall thickness t 5 And the wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer (6) 6 Are equal.
7. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber of claim 6, wherein:
the wall thickness t of the first refractive index layer (5) 5 And the wall thickness t of the second refractive index layer (6) 6 The value ranges are all 0.05 to 1.0 mu m.
8. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber of claim 1, wherein:
one or more gases or vacuum are filled in the fiber core area (1);
and/or the diameter d of the core area (1) ranges from 30 to 50 μm.
9. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber of claim 1, wherein:
the number of the first elliptical capillaries (3) in the first anti-resonance layer is equal to that of the second elliptical capillaries (4) in the second anti-resonance layer, and the number of the first elliptical capillaries is 4-6.
10. The low loss anti-resonant hollow-core fiber of claim 1, wherein:
the outer cladding layer (2) adopts pure silicon dioxide.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116990901A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 北京精诚恒创科技有限公司 | Low-loss hollow anti-resonance optical fiber with multi-refractive index cladding |
| CN117369046A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | Hollow anti-resonance optical fiber with flat mid-infrared dispersion |
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2022
- 2022-12-07 CN CN202211566672.XA patent/CN115728863A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116990901A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 北京精诚恒创科技有限公司 | Low-loss hollow anti-resonance optical fiber with multi-refractive index cladding |
| CN117369046A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | Hollow anti-resonance optical fiber with flat mid-infrared dispersion |
| CN117369046B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-02-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | Hollow anti-resonance optical fiber with flat mid-infrared dispersion |
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