CN113126203B - Nested hollow anti-resonance optical fiber with crescent cladding - Google Patents
Nested hollow anti-resonance optical fiber with crescent cladding Download PDFInfo
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- CN113126203B CN113126203B CN202110458286.8A CN202110458286A CN113126203B CN 113126203 B CN113126203 B CN 113126203B CN 202110458286 A CN202110458286 A CN 202110458286A CN 113126203 B CN113126203 B CN 113126203B
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011201 Ginkgo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000218628 Ginkgo Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008100 Ginkgo biloba Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03694—Multiple layers differing in properties other than the refractive index, e.g. attenuation, diffusion, stress properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/032—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with non solid core or cladding
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crescent-shaped cladding nested hollow anti-resonance optical fiber, which sequentially comprises an optical fiber outer sleeve, a circular inner nested cladding tube, a crescent-shaped outer cladding tube and an air fiber core from outside to inside; the round inner nested cladding tube and the crescent outer cladding tube meet the anti-resonance reflection waveguide (ARROW) principle in design, are specifically made of silicon dioxide and have the thickness of t; in the cladding region, a plurality of crescent-shaped cladding tubes with circular inner nested tubes are arranged in a surrounding manner at certain intervals, and a central region surrounded by the boundaries of the crescent-shaped cladding tubes is an air core region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber communication, and particularly relates to a crescent-shaped cladding nested hollow anti-resonance optical fiber.
Background
The hollow-core anti-resonant fiber has a wide variety of types, and the hollow-core anti-resonant fiber has a simple structure, flexible design, wide working wavelength range and superior loss, dispersion and nonlinear properties, so that the hollow-core anti-resonant fiber can be widely researched by researchers.
The cladding of a hollow-core anti-resonant fiber is generally composed of a ring of thin circular tubes, called cladding tubes, spaced from each other at a certain interval, and the cladding tubes are fixed to an outer jacket of the fiber, thereby stabilizing the structure. The hollow-core anti-resonance optical fiber adopts the principle of anti-resonance reflection, so that different transmission bands are provided according to different tube wall thicknesses of the cladding tube, and are determined by resonance wavelengths of different orders.
The nested hollow-core anti-resonance optical fiber is a nested structure in which a cladding tube with a smaller size is nested in each cladding tube of the optical fiber, so that a double cladding tube is formed. According to the principle of anti-resonance reflection, the nested structure can further effectively reduce the leakage loss of the optical fiber due to the addition of the extra anti-resonance glass wall layer number.
Current hollow core anti-resonant fibers generally have negative curvature and node-free structural characteristics. The negative curvature refers to a portion of the cladding glass wall that surrounds the core boundary and is bent in a direction that is not toward the core. The term "node-free" means that a ring of cladding tubes of the cladding are not in contact with each other and are arranged at a predetermined interval. However, in the round-clad hollow-core antiresonant optical fiber having these two structural features, the tube molds exist in the cladding, and the tube molds are mode-coupled with the fundamental mode in the core, so that the fiber loss is still high.
In a common nested hollow-core anti-resonant fiber, a circular cladding tube is adopted, and the surface close to an air fiber core is of negative curvature, but the surface far away from the air fiber core is still of positive curvature, so that the advantage of an anti-resonant surface with negative curvature is not fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a crescent-shaped cladding nested hollow-core anti-resonant fiber, which adopts a crescent-shaped cladding tube to solve the technical problem that in the prior structure, only the tube wall of the fiber core boundary is of negative curvature, and other tube walls are of positive curvature, and the circular cladding tube is seriously coupled by a mode and has higher limiting loss.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a crescent clad nested hollow anti-resonant fiber, comprising: the optical fiber outer sleeve, the cladding tube and the air fiber core are arranged from outside to inside in sequence;
the optical fiber outer sleeve is the outermost layer of the hollow anti-resonance optical fiber, and wraps the cladding pipe and the air fiber core inside;
the cladding pipe comprises a circular inner nested cladding pipe and a crescent outer cladding pipe, the circular inner nested cladding pipe is suspended at the crescent position of the crescent outer cladding pipe, and a certain gap exists between the circular inner nested cladding pipe and the crescent outer cladding pipe, so that the circular inner nested cladding pipe and the crescent outer cladding pipe are not contacted with each other;
wherein the thickness of the round inner nested cladding pipe is t, and the radius is r1The tube wall at one side is fixedly connected with the optical fiber outer sleeve;
the crescent outer cladding pipe is formed by extruding a circular cladding pipe with the thickness of t, the manufactured whole crescent outer cladding pipe is in a crescent shape and specifically comprises a front arc section and a rear arc section, wherein the front arc section and the rear arc section are both negative curvatures relative to the air fiber core, namely are bent towards the outer side of the air fiber core; the joint of the front arc section and the rear arc section of the crescent cladding pipe is fixedly connected with the optical fiber outer sleeve;
the air core is formed by surrounding a plurality of rotationally symmetrical cladding tubes, and the radius of an inscribed circle of the surrounding contour is the radius r of the air corecore。
The invention aims to realize the following steps:
the invention relates to a crescent-shaped cladding nested hollow anti-resonance optical fiber which sequentially comprises an optical fiber outer sleeve, a circular inner nested cladding tube, a crescent-shaped outer cladding tube and an air fiber core from outside to inside; the round inner nested cladding tube and the crescent outer cladding tube meet the anti-resonance reflection waveguide (ARROW) principle in design, are specifically made of silicon dioxide and have the thickness of t; in the cladding region, a plurality of crescent-shaped cladding tubes with circular inner nested tubes are arranged in a surrounding manner at certain intervals, and a central region surrounded by the boundaries of the crescent-shaped cladding tubes is an air core region.
Meanwhile, the nested hollow anti-resonance optical fiber with the crescent cladding further has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a crescent-shaped cladding tube structure, the crescent-shaped cladding tube is used as an outer cladding layer and is combined with a circular inner nested cladding tube to be arranged and surrounded into a circle together to form a crescent-shaped cladding nested hollow anti-resonant fiber, the crescent-shaped cladding layer of the fiber can provide the tube walls with negative curvatures of the front layer and the rear layer, and the limiting loss can be effectively reduced; while the nested circular cladding tube provides an additional two-layer tube wall, further reducing confinement losses.
(2) The nested hollow-core anti-resonance fiber with the crescent-shaped cladding can provide the effect of inhibiting mode coupling, because the mode coupling between the tube die in the crescent-shaped cladding tube and the fundamental mode in the fiber core is more difficult.
(3) The nested hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber with the crescent-shaped cladding has good dispersion characteristics, flat dispersion in a transmission waveband, small total dispersion value and small influence of material dispersion.
(4) The nested hollow anti-resonant fiber with the crescent cladding has good single-mode transmission characteristics and extremely high-order mode extinction ratio.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a crescent-shaped cladding nested hollow-core antiresonant optical fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a crescent-shaped cladding structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing confinement loss of the fundamental mode with other fibers in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of group velocity dispersion versus wavelength for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plot of higher-order mode suppression ratio versus wavelength for an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in order to better understand the present invention for those skilled in the art with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.
Examples
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a crescent-shaped cladding nested hollow-core antiresonant optical fiber according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, a crescent-clad nested hollow-core antiresonant optical fiber has a structure as shown in fig. 1, and includes, in order from outside to inside, an optical fiber outer jacket 1, a cladding tube 2, and an air core 3.
The optical fiber outer sleeve 1 is the outermost layer of the hollow anti-resonance optical fiber, and wraps the cladding pipe 2 and the air fiber core 3 inside.
The cladding pipe comprises a circular inner nested cladding pipe and a crescent outer cladding pipe, the circular inner nested cladding pipe is suspended at the crescent position of the crescent outer cladding pipe, and a certain gap exists between the circular inner nested cladding pipe and the crescent outer cladding pipe, so that the circular inner nested cladding pipe and the crescent outer cladding pipe are not contacted with each other;
wherein the thickness of the round inner nested cladding pipe 7 is t, and the radius thereof is r1The tube wall at one side is fixedly connected with the optical fiber outer sleeve tube, and the diameter of the tube is 10 mu m;
the crescent-shaped outer cladding pipe is formed by extruding a circular cladding pipe with the thickness of t, the manufactured whole crescent-shaped outer cladding pipe is in a crescent shape and specifically comprises a front arc section 4 and a rear arc section 5 as shown in fig. 2, wherein the front arc section and the rear arc section are both negative curvatures relative to the air fiber core, namely are bent towards the outer side of the air fiber core; the joint 6 of the front arc section and the rear arc section of the crescent cladding pipe is fixedly connected with the optical fiber outer sleeve;
the round inner nested cladding tube and the crescent outer cladding tube are usually made of silicon dioxide and have the thickness t, and the design follows the principle of anti-resonant reflection waveguide (ARROW), namely:
where λ is the designed operating wavelength, n1Indicating the refractive index, n, of the material of the ginkgo leaf-shaped cladding tube0Represents the refractive index of air, and m is a positive integer;
in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the operating wavelength λ of the nested hollow-core antiresonant fiber with crescent-shaped cladding suitable for 2 μm band fiber communication is 5.964 μm, n1＝1.45，n0The thickness t of the ginkgo leaf-shaped cladding tube was calculated to be 1.46 μm, where m is 1.
The specific extrusion method of the crescent external cladding pipe comprises the following steps: by a pair of radii of rtubeExtruding one side of a 32-micron round cladding tube to form a curved back arc section, and forming a front arc section at the joint of the front arc section and the back arc section after extrusion0The radius of the minor axis of the ellipse of the rear arc segment is 19.68 μm, the radius of the major axis is 48 μm, and the vertical distance between the rear arc segment and the front arc segment is 26 μm.
In this embodiment, the air core is surrounded by 6 rotationally symmetric cladding tubes, the radius of the inscribed circle of the surrounding profile being the core radius rcore＝40μm。
The present embodiment was subjected to simulation test using finite element simulation software Comsol Multiphysics, and the simulation was performed by performing mode analysis on the cross section of the optical fiber, using a mesh division method (λ is the wavelength in vacuum) with the maximum unit size of λ/6, and using the method in the outermost layer of the modelThe perfect matching layer with thickness of lambda is used to simulate an infinite silica glass optical fiber outer sleeve, and the minimum limiting loss of this example is measured to be about 0.07dB/km under the condition of 4 mu m of incident wavelength, and under the same simulation condition, the thickness t of the perfect matching layer is equal to the thickness of the glass wall, and the radius r of the fiber core is equal to the radius r of the fiber corecoreRadius r of the cladding pipetubeAnd nested tube radius r1The confinement loss of the round cladding tube nested hollow-core antiresonant fiber of (1) is reduced by about 1 order of magnitude in the vicinity of a wavelength of 4 μm as shown in FIG. 4.
Meanwhile, it was found that the present embodiment has a high group velocity dispersion value only around the resonant wavelength of 3 μm, and the group velocity dispersion values are within + -5 ps/(km. nm) in a wide wavelength range of 3.3 to 5.7 μm, and has a low dispersion characteristic, as shown in FIG. 5.
The high-order mode suppression ratio refers to the loss ratio of the lowest-loss high-order mode to the fundamental mode in the fiber core, and in this embodiment, the lowest-loss high-order mode is LP11The mode, simulation test shows that the higher-order mode suppression ratio of the embodiment in the vicinity of the 3.5-4 μm waveband is up to more than 300, and then the higher-order mode suppression ratio is reduced along with the increase of the wavelength, so that the embodiment can be considered to have good single-mode transmission characteristics in a certain wavelength range in the vicinity of 4 μm, as shown in fig. 6.
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.
Claims (3)
1. A crescent-shaped clad nested hollow core antiresonant optical fiber, comprising: the optical fiber outer sleeve, the cladding tube and the air fiber core are arranged from outside to inside in sequence;
the optical fiber outer sleeve is the outermost layer of the hollow anti-resonance optical fiber, and wraps the cladding pipe and the air fiber core inside;
the cladding pipe comprises a circular inner nested cladding pipe and a crescent outer cladding pipe, the circular inner nested cladding pipe is suspended at the crescent position of the crescent outer cladding pipe, and a certain gap exists between the circular inner nested cladding pipe and the crescent outer cladding pipe, so that the circular inner nested cladding pipe and the crescent outer cladding pipe are not contacted with each other;
wherein the thickness of the round inner nested cladding pipe is t, and the radius is r1The tube wall at one side is fixedly connected with the optical fiber outer sleeve;
the crescent outer cladding pipe is formed by extruding a circular cladding pipe with the thickness of t, the manufactured whole crescent outer cladding pipe is in a crescent shape and specifically comprises a front arc section and a rear arc section, wherein the front arc section and the rear arc section are both negative curvatures relative to the air fiber core, namely are bent towards the outer side of the air fiber core; the joint of the front arc section and the rear arc section of the crescent cladding pipe is fixedly connected with the optical fiber outer sleeve;
the specific extrusion method of the crescent-shaped outer cladding pipe comprises the following steps: by a pair of radii of rtubeOne side of the circular cladding pipe is extruded to form a bent rear arc section, the side which is not extruded becomes a front arc section, and after the extrusion is finished, the joint of the front arc section and the rear arc section forms a radius r0The minor axis radius of the ellipse of the rear arc section is a, the major axis radius is b, and the vertical distance between the rear arc section and the front arc section is h;
the air core is formed by surrounding a plurality of rotationally symmetrical cladding tubes, and the radius of an inscribed circle of the surrounding contour is the radius r of the air corecore。
2. The crescent clad nested hollow core antiresonant optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the thickness t of the round inner nested cladding tube and the crescent outer cladding tube satisfies antiresonant reflecting waveguide (ARROW) principle in design:
where λ is the designed operating wavelength, n1Representing the refractive index, n, of the cladding material0Denotes the refractive index of air, and m is a positive integer.
3. The crescent clad, nested hollow core antiresonant fiber of claim 1, wherein the round inner nested cladding tube and the crescent outer cladding tube are both made of silica.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111474628A (en) * | 2020-05-10 | 2020-07-31 | 暨南大学 | Polarization-maintaining hollow anti-resonance optical fiber |
| WO2020217052A1 (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-29 | University Of Southampton | Antiresonant hollow core fibre, preform therefor and method of fabrication |
| WO2021009224A1 (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-01-21 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Methods for producing a hollow-core fiber and for producing a preform for a hollow-core fiber |
| CN112526669A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 广东工业大学 | Hollow anti-resonance optical fiber |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020217052A1 (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-29 | University Of Southampton | Antiresonant hollow core fibre, preform therefor and method of fabrication |
| WO2021009224A1 (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-01-21 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Methods for producing a hollow-core fiber and for producing a preform for a hollow-core fiber |
| CN111474628A (en) * | 2020-05-10 | 2020-07-31 | 暨南大学 | Polarization-maintaining hollow anti-resonance optical fiber |
| CN112526669A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 广东工业大学 | Hollow anti-resonance optical fiber |
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