CN1157168C - 特别适用于折合在内裤边缘的带有内裤覆盖部件的吸湿用品 - Google Patents

特别适用于折合在内裤边缘的带有内裤覆盖部件的吸湿用品 Download PDF

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CN1157168C
CN1157168C CNB961963220A CN96196322A CN1157168C CN 1157168 C CN1157168 C CN 1157168C CN B961963220 A CNB961963220 A CN B961963220A CN 96196322 A CN96196322 A CN 96196322A CN 1157168 C CN1157168 C CN 1157168C
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coating member
side coating
underwear
main part
district
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB961963220A
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CN1193270A (zh
Inventor
ŵ�ɡ�J���׵��߶�
诺纳·J·雷德瓦恩
E���¶�ɭ
罗布·E·奥尔森
M
莱萨·M·海恩斯
P�������²���
埃里克·P·温伯格
��W������ʿ
布鲁斯·W·拉瓦士
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Abstract

公开了一种吸湿用品,如卫生巾、短裤衬和失禁病人用品等,它包含内裤覆盖部件(或“侧边包覆件”),它从吸湿用品的主体部分延伸出来,并能自动折合在佩戴者内裤的边缘上,并提供了一种替代传统护翼的方法。侧边包覆件包含至少一个可拉伸区域,以及一个较硬并且拉伸性低于可拉伸区域的区域。该吸湿用品优选包含至少三个具有不同弯曲模量的区域,以控制侧边包覆件在吸湿用品上的折合位置。

Description

特别适用于折合在内裤边缘的带有 内裤覆盖部件的吸湿用品
本发明涉及吸湿用品如卫生巾、短裤衬里和失禁病人用品等。本发明特别涉及包含内裤覆盖部件(或“侧边包覆件”(side wrapping elements))的吸湿用品,当向上拉内裤时,它能折合或包覆在佩戴者内裤的边缘上,该内裤覆盖部件提供了替代常用的护翼的一个方法。
吸湿用品如卫生巾、短裤衬里和失禁病人用品等常被佩戴在内裤的裆部位置。这些用品用于吸收和容纳体液或其它从体内排出的物质,以防止污染身体或衣物。卫生巾是一类由女性佩戴在短裤内的吸湿用品,一般位于佩戴者的双腿之间,与身体的会阴区接近。文献中已经公开了带或不带护翼的卫生巾,并且已被商用。
一般当卫生巾带有护翼时,护翼从吸湿用品的中心横向伸出,并会折叠在佩戴者内裤裆部的边缘。护翼上一般带有固定装置,用于使护翼固定在佩戴者内裤下方,或固定在另一侧的护翼上。护翼一般能有效地防止渗出物沾污佩戴者内裤边缘。
在名为“带护翼的定型卫生巾”的美国专利5267998(1993年12月7日授权);名为“带护翼的定型卫生巾”的美国专利4687478(1987年8月18日授权于Van Tilburg);名为“卫生巾固定装置”的美国专利4608047(1986年8月26日授权于Mattingly);名为“卫生巾”的美国专利B14589876(1993年4月27日复审授权于Van Tilburg);名为“卫生巾”的美国专利4285343(1981年8月25日授权于McNair);名为“一次性内裤用保护装置”的美国专利3397697(1968年8月20日授权于Rickard);以及名为“卫生巾”的美国专利2787271(1957年4月2日授权于Clark)中公开了各种带护翼的卫生巾。
与不带护翼的卫生巾相比,一般认为带护翼的卫生巾可更好地防止沾污,但由于各种原因,某些女性发现使用带护翼的卫生巾并不方便。例如,某些女性发现难于将护翼粘结在其内裤裆部的下方。这是由于某些因素造成的,如护翼上的胶固定件会自己粘在一起或粘在卫生巾的其它部件上。结果,某些女性仍然宁愿选用不带护翼的卫生巾。另外,某些女性一般选用带护翼的卫生巾,有时(如量少的日子)则选用不带护翼的卫生巾。因此,需要一种卫生巾,它可替代常规护翼卫生巾,并且仍具有护翼的保护性。
在专利文献中公开了对常规护翼卫生巾的一些变化方式,试图解决某些问题,但并不能完全解决这些问题。例如美国专利4911701(Mavinkurve)中公开了一种带有弹性带(strands)的卫生巾,其中心吸湿芯朝向身体的部分呈较大的圆凸形,并且使得护翼卫生巾的护翼不用粘合剂而放入内裤中。但在Mavinkurve专利中,由于护翼预先设置在向下折叠的状态,所描述的卫生巾仍要求使用者调整该护翼(先将护翼向上掀起来,然后置于内裤中,再将护翼向下折)。Mavinkurve专利中还要求有粘结在卫生巾中心吸湿芯部分和/或其护翼上的弹性带。因此Mavinkurve专利中描述的卫生巾难于生产,并且造价高。
美国专利5125918(Seidy)提出了带有“经特殊设计”的弹性折叶(hinge)件的护翼卫生巾,折叶使护翼以一锐角固定在卫生巾吸湿件朝向内裤的那一面上。但所描述的该折叶会在变形后回到原位。在美国专利5154715和5221275(Van Iten)中提出了带有“扣合装置”的吸湿用品如卫生巾,该“扣合装置”能将吸湿用品紧扣在内裤上。Van Iten专利中的扣合装置包括两个较硬的部分(比吸湿垫硬),它们由一折叶接合在一起,折叶使一个部分相对另一部分弯曲。至少其中一个部分有一弧形部分,该部分以折叶为枢轴而转动并且在佩戴吸湿用品时,需要将内裤“有力地扣压”在第一个部件上。因此,这种扣合装置会强力改变内裤的形状。另外,扣合装置的硬度会使佩戴该吸湿用品有不适感。
美国专利4940462(Salerno)公开了一种带纵向展开护翼的卫生巾。护翼会折叠在佩戴者内裤的外侧,然后展开,与内裤的轮廓一致。但Salerno专利中描述的卫生巾需要常规的胶固定件将护翼固定在佩戴者内裤的下方。
因此,需要一种吸湿用品如卫生巾,可替代常规护翼。特别需要一种卫生巾,它具有常规护翼的防沾污作用,并且能方便有效地解决将常规护翼粘结在佩戴者内裤下方时所产生的问题。
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种不带常规护翼的吸湿用品如卫生巾,它能覆盖在佩戴者内裤上以减少侧漏(即,沾污内裤裆部边缘)。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种吸湿用品如卫生巾,它能通过佩戴者向上拉内裤的简单动作自动折叠在佩戴者内裤的边缘。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种吸湿用品如卫生巾,它能折合在佩戴者内裤的边缘,并且本身不带含内裤固定件的护翼而能固定,并且卫生巾上不带单独的弹性带。
参考以下描述并结合附图,本发明的这些目的和其它目的都将是明显的。
本发明提供一种吸湿用品如卫生巾。本发明的卫生巾不带常规的护翼,该卫生巾包含一对内裤覆盖部件(或“侧边包覆件”),它能包覆在佩戴者的内裤上减少对内裤裆部边缘的沾污(或称“侧漏”)。
该卫生巾含有一主体部分,该主体部分含有透液的顶片、与顶片相连的不透液体的底片,以及位于顶片和底片之间的吸湿芯。侧边包覆件包含一对弹性部件,它们从佩戴者内裤裆部的两边伸出。该侧边包覆件优选是从主体部分如顶片和底片上整体延伸出来的部分。在另一实施方案中,侧边包覆件是一个与主体部分上朝向内裤的那一面接合在一起的一个独立的部分,优选其与主体部分的两纵向侧边缘内侧相连。优选该侧边包覆件带有至少一个可拉伸区域,并且优选带有两个分开的可拉伸区域。该可拉伸区域可沿纵向、横向、横向与纵向之间的方向或其它某些方向拉伸。可拉伸区域是侧边包覆件的一部分,其拉伸度大于侧边包覆件上的相邻部分。优选侧边包覆件在其横向中线的两侧至少包含一个可拉伸区域,并且沿其横向中线还包含一个稍硬、拉伸性较小的中间区域。
本发明的卫生巾优选包含至少三个具有不同弯曲特性的区域。这三个部分优选至少包含一个第一区、第二区和第三区。第一区优选位于主体部分的两纵向侧边缘内侧,具有第一弯曲模量。第二区优选至少包含侧边包覆件中间部位的一部分,并且具有第二弯曲模量。第三区位于主体部分与侧边包覆件的接合区内,具有第三弯曲模量。第一区优选包括含吸湿芯的主体部分。优选卫生巾第一区的弯曲模量最高。优选沿侧边包覆件与主体部分接合处的卫生巾第三区的弯曲模量最低,而位于侧边包覆件中间部分的卫生巾第二区的弯曲模量介于第一区和第二区之间。
将本发明优选采用的侧边包覆件与一由相同材料制成、沿其全长设置拉伸性的类似侧边包覆件相比较,本发明的侧边包覆件具有改进的抗挤压和抗其它类型横向变形的作用。位于侧边包覆件横向中线的较硬、拉伸性较小的中间部位使该侧边包覆件具有改进的抗弯曲和抗挤压作用。第三区较低的弯曲模量提供了一个折叶,使侧边包覆件可绕该折叶折向卫生巾的主体部分。改进的抗挤压作用确保侧边包覆件能折合在佩戴者内裤的弹性侧边上,当佩戴者的臀部对侧边包覆件的远端施加压力时,以及当因佩戴者臀部与侧边包覆件之间的摩擦运动而对侧边包覆件产生剪切力时,改进的抗挤压作用还能确保侧边包覆件防止挤压。实际上,侧边包覆件的抗挤压性和可拉伸区域使得当佩戴者在内裤上安放吸湿用品、并且邻近身体向上提拉起内裤时,该侧边包覆件能自动折合在佩戴者内裤裆部的边缘,折向内裤的下方,并且能一直保持折合状态。可拉伸区域和卫生巾不同区域之间硬度的差别提供了控制侧边包覆件的折合方式和位置的机构。
出于某些原因,本发明的卫生巾替代了带有常规护翼的卫生巾。侧边包覆件不会从佩戴者内裤的侧边延伸出太长,不会对佩戴者造成不便。侧边包覆件不需要佩戴者用力将侧边包覆件折向内裤下方或将其粘结在内裤上。无需将侧边包覆件固定在佩戴者内裤下方,它们能很好地包覆在佩戴者内裤的侧边上。在另一实施方案中,卫生巾上可带有固定装置(如,压敏性粘合剂),在佩戴者进行剧烈运动时提供辅助固定作用。该粘合剂固定件可设置在主体部分朝向内裤的那一面上,或者设置在侧边包覆件朝向内裤的那一面上。
附图说明
说明书以权利要求书来结束,权利要求书特别提出并明确限定了构成本发明的主题,相信通过以下描述并结合附图能更好地理解本发明。
图1是本发明卫生巾的一种实施方案的俯视图。
图2是图1所示的卫生巾端视图,其中对顶片的一部分剖切以示出吸湿芯。
图3是图1所示的卫生巾的另一俯视图,显示出卫生巾各区域的特性。
图4是安放有本发明卫生巾的内裤的部分透视图,其中侧边包覆件折合在佩者内裤的侧边上。
图5是安放有本发明卫生巾的内裤的部分透视图,其中侧边包覆件固定在佩者内裤的下侧。
图6是侧向示意图,显示出当侧边包覆件上朝向内裤的那一面的粘合剂固定件伸出时,卫生巾的侧边包覆件折合并压紧在佩戴者内裤侧边上的一种方式。
图7是图1所示的卫生巾的另一实施方案的端视图,其中侧边包覆件与卫生巾朝向身体的平面对准。
图8是图1所示的卫生巾的另一实施方案的端视图,其中侧边包覆件与卫生巾朝向内裤的平面对准。
图9是图1所示的卫生巾稍作改型的另一实施方案的俯视图。
图10是图11、12、14和15所示的卫生巾实施方案中弯曲区域所采用的可形变网构的网状材料的俯视平面图。
图10A-C是图10所示的网状材料的局部放大透视示意图,其中该网状材料从未拉伸状态逐渐变成拉伸状态。
图11是带有折叶结构的卫生巾的部分俯视平面图,折叶结构包含其中形成有可形变网构的侧边包覆件。
图12是包含另一折叶结构的卫生巾的部分俯视平面图。
图13是包含另一折叶结构的卫生巾的部分俯视平面图。
图14是包含另一折叶结构的卫生巾的部分俯视平面图。
图15是包含另一折叶结构的卫生巾的部分仰视平面图。
图16是包含另一折叶结构的卫生巾的俯视平面图。
本发明涉及吸湿用品如卫生巾、短裤衬和失禁病人用品等。本发明特别涉及包含主体部分21和一对侧边包覆件50的吸湿用品,当佩戴者在内裤上安放吸湿用品、并且提拉起内裤时,该侧边包覆件能自动折合和包覆在佩戴者内裤裆部的边缘。图1-3显示出本发明的一次性吸湿用品的一种优选实施方案,即卫生巾20。
卫生巾20(及其主体部分21)包含两个表面,与身体接触的可透液体表面或“朝身体面”20A和朝向内裤的不透液体表面20B。图1中显示了卫生巾20的朝身体面20A。朝身体面20A在佩戴时与佩戴者的身体相邻。卫生巾20的朝内裤面20B(见图2)处于反面,当佩戴卫生巾20时,它与佩戴者的内裤相邻。
卫生巾20有两条中线,纵向中线L和横向中线T。这里使用的术语“纵向”  是指一般与卫生巾20的垂直面对准(例如,基本平行)的线、轴或方向,佩戴卫生巾时,该垂直面将站立的佩戴者身体分为左右两半。这里使用的术语“横向”或横侧,可互换使用,是指一般在卫生巾20的平面上与纵向垂直的线、轴或方向。
图1显示的是卫生巾20的主体部分21,它包含卫生巾不带侧边包覆件的那一部分。主体部分21上有两条分开的纵边22,两条分开的横边或端边24,纵边22和横边24一起形成了主体部分的外周边26。主体部分还包含两个端部区域,称为第一端区28和第二端区30。在两端区域28和30之间是中心区域32。端区28和端区30从中心区域32的边缘延伸出约占主体部分全长的1/8至1/3的长度。对卫生巾的中心区域和两个端区特性的详细描述包括在美国专利4690680(Higgins,1987年9月1日授权)中。
卫生巾20的主体部分21可以是任意厚度,包括较厚、中等厚度和较薄或极薄(或“超薄”)。在美国专利4950264和5009653(Osborn)中描述了巾体厚度不足3毫米的“超薄”卫生巾20。附图中所示的卫生巾20的实施方案是中等厚度的卫生巾的实例。卫生巾20的主体部分21还可具有相当的柔性,以使佩戴者感到舒适。应理解,所示的卫生巾仅仅是一种实施方案,本发明并非仅限于在附图中表示的各类吸湿用品或具有具体构型的吸湿用品。
图2表示的是本发明卫生巾20的主体部分21的各部分。卫生巾主体部分21优选含有至少三个基本部分。这些基本部分包括可透液体的顶片38、不透的液体底片40和位于顶片38和底片40之间的吸湿芯42。该顶片、底片和吸湿芯可以本领域已知的各种构型组合在一起(包括层叠或“夹心”构型,以及包覆或“筒状”构型)。
几种优选的卫生巾的主体部分可装有侧边包覆件,并可调整以具有本发明所说明的不同特性的区域,这些卫生巾在以下文献中有所描述:美国专利4321924“加边的一次性吸湿用品”(Ahr,1982年3月30日授权);美国专利4425130“复合式卫生巾”(DesMarais,1984年1月10日授权);美国专利4950264“弹性薄卫生巾”(Osborn,1990年8月21日授权);美国专利5308346“弹性卫生巾”(Sneller等人,1994年5月3日授权);美国专利申请序列号08/096121,名为“可自然包覆内裤侧边的带有内裤覆盖部件的吸湿用品”(Lavash等人,1993年7月22日申请,即PCT公开号WO94/02096,1994年2月3日公开);美国专利申请序列号08/124180,名为“带有表现出类弹性行为的可拉伸网面的内裤覆盖部件的吸湿用品”(Mansfield等人,1993年9月17日申请,即PCT公开号WO95/07675,1995年3月23日公开);以及美国专利中请序列号08/277733,名为“带有含可拉伸区域的内裤覆盖部件的吸湿用品”(Weinberger等人,1994年7月20日申请,即PCT公开号WO95/03025,1995年2月2日公开)。卫生巾的主体部分21还可由一个或多个可拉伸部分组成,如美国专利申请序列号07/915133和07/915284(Osborn等人,1992年7月23日提交,PCT公开号WO93/01785和93/01786,1993年2月4日公开)中描述的那些卫生巾。
图1和图2表示的是卫生巾20的一种优选实施方案,它是以夹心结构组合在一起的,其中顶片38和底片40的长和宽一般都大于吸湿芯42的长和宽。顶片38和底片40从吸湿芯42的边缘延伸出来形成周边26。顶片38与底片40接合在一起。顶片38和底片40可通过本领域已知的任意一种适用于目的的方法进行接合。优选顶片38与底片40至少沿主体部分21的周边采用周边锯齿形焊缝(crimp seal)48进行封合,其中顶片38与底片40是通过加压或热压进行压实的。
图1和图2所示的卫生巾20还包含一对侧边包覆件50,它从其近边缘52到远边缘54横向向外伸出,超出主体部分21的两纵向侧边缘22。侧边包覆件50可选用任何适用的大小和形状。优选该伸出主体部分21纵边22的侧边包覆件的远端边54的距离小于或等于主体部分宽度的1/2。本发明的侧边包覆件50可具有上述美国专利申请流水号08/096121、08/124180和08/277733(Lavash等人,Mansfield等人,以及Weinberger等人,均引入本文作为参考)中内裤覆盖部件的尺寸和特性。
可采用适宜的方式将侧边包覆件与主体部分21接合在一起。这里采用的术语“接合”包括将一个部件直接附着在另一部件上而使其直接固定的结构;一部件先附着在中间件上,再与另一部件附着在一起而使两部分间接固定的结构;以及一部件与另一部件为一整体的结构,即一个部件是另一部件的基本部分。如图1和图2所示,侧边包覆件50与主体部分21是一个整体(即从顶片38和底片40整体延伸出来)。在另一实施方案中,侧边包覆件50可包含两个独立的部分,它们与主体部分21的朝向衣物的那一面接合在一起。在该实施方案中,优选在侧边包覆件50与主体部分的接合处和主体部分的纵边22之间的部分上,侧边包覆件50与卫生巾20的主体部分21的朝向内裤面是不接触的。在这后几种实施方案中,可采用任何适用的固定机制将侧边包覆件50与主体部分21朝向衣物的那一面接合在一起。适用的固定机制包括粘结剂等,但并非仅限于此。在其它实施方案中,侧边包覆件50并不包含两个独立部分,它可包含一个与主体部分接合在一起的单一部件(可称作“内裤覆盖部件”或“内裤包覆部件”)。在另一实施方案中,每侧的侧边包覆件50均可包含一个以上的部件。
侧边包覆件50可由本领域已知的适用于卫生巾结构的多种材料制成。图1和图2的实施方案所示的侧边包覆件50优选包含由至少两种材料组成的叠片层。优选侧边包覆件50含有一含三维多孔成形膜和不透液体的底片(如聚乙烯膜底片材料)的叠片层。该多孔成形膜优选是根据以下专利制备的顶片材料并由Procter&Gamble公司在卫生巾上以品名DRIWEAVE销售,专利包括美国专利4342314(Radel等人)和美国专利4463045(Ahr等人)。发现该叠片层需要进一步机械加工以在该叠片层所选区域内提供具有更大的拉伸性的区域。
如需要,侧边包覆件50可包含附加的片层。例如,侧边包覆件50朝向身体的那一面上可加装一层选择性的软覆层材料,如柔软的无纺布网面,以对佩戴者的皮肤提供改进的触觉特性。适用作覆层材料的无纺布网面包括已知的由Polybond,公司(Waynesboro,VA)出品的Spunbond PE产品,和已知的由Corovin GMBH公司(德国)出品的COROLIND PE的产品。另外,如需要,侧边包覆件50可包含其它选择性的片层,如增加侧边包覆件50或其它区域硬度的片层。任选的加固片层可包含泡沫和纱布(scrim)材料,但并非仅限于此。任选的加固片层可位于卫生巾侧边包覆件50上任意适宜的部位,如位于形成侧边包覆件的部分顶片和部分底片之间。优选该选择性加固片层加装在侧边包覆件朝向内裤的那一面上,以便易于生产。
在图1和图2所示的优选实施方案中,每一侧边包覆件50上含有至少一个、优选含有两个可拉伸区域56。可拉伸区域56可主要沿纵向拉伸(即,它们的纵向拉伸性大于横向拉伸性)。在另一实施方案中,可拉伸区域56可主要沿横向拉伸或者纵向横向之间的任何方向以及一个以上的方向拉伸。图1和图2所示的侧边包覆件50上含有主要沿纵向拉伸的可拉伸区域56。侧边包覆件50上所有的可拉伸区域56的可拉伸方向可彼此相同。在另一实施方案中,侧边包覆件50的一个或多个可拉伸区域56可沿不同的方向拉伸。
将侧边包覆件50折合在内裤裆部侧边缘时,可拉伸区域56由此受力,优选可拉伸区域可拉伸约20-80%,更优选约40-60%,最优选约50%。优选可拉伸区域56在受力低于约为100-200克力/英寸(约40-80克力/厘米),更优选受力低于约为50克力/英寸(约20克力/厘米)时可进行以上拉伸。还优选可拉伸区域56的拉伸性并非由于加装了松紧带或弹性带的作用(即,此时独立的弹性带伸展并固定在可伸展状态下的侧边包覆件50上)。另外,优选在可拉伸区域56内本身的弹性(即含有可拉伸区域的材料回到其初始尺寸的任何趋势)通常较低到不存在。优选可拉伸区域56在拉伸时,其回复力低于或约等于约100克力。
图3表示的是可拉伸区域56的优选位置,以及确定可拉伸区域56的优选可拉伸量的方式。图3中的曲线E代表侧边包覆件50折合在佩戴者内裤裆部边缘之前,卫生巾20安放在内裤上时,内裤裆部边缘的所在位置。内裤边缘E与侧边包覆件50的远端边54存在两个交叉点,由P表示。可拉伸区域56应位于内裤边缘E和侧边包覆件50的远端边54的交叉部位。两交叉点P之间的距离D视内裤的大小和类型而定。代表性的距离D约为85毫米。图3还显示出可拉伸区域56上位于交叉点P纵向内部的56′(即,朝向侧边包覆件的横向中线T1)。为适用于各种大小和类型的内裤,优选在上述受力条件时,位于交叉点P之间的可拉伸区域56上的部分56′可拉伸约大于或等于10-15毫米,每侧侧边包覆件50上这些部分结合在一起可拉伸约大于或等于20-30毫米。优选位于侧边包覆件50的横向中线的相对两侧的每侧可拉伸区域56内交叉点之间的纵向距离约为20-150毫米,更优选约为30-130毫米,最优选30-100毫米。
侧边包覆件50上沿横向中线T1两侧的可拉伸区域56的两部分可至少在某些区域彼此相连,以使可拉伸区域56上不存在分隔部分。例如,图3的底部示出可拉伸区域56在某些区域可朝横向中线T1伸展,如朝侧边包覆件50的远端边54伸展的延伸部分56″。沿侧边包覆件56的远端边54的延伸部分56″具有辅助拉伸性(辅助拉伸性是有益的地方)。另外由于延伸部分56″比较窄(横向测定),它们基本不会改变卫生巾上不同区域所需的硬度。
侧边包覆件50上可用非限定数目的不同方式设置可拉伸区域56。例如,侧边包覆件50上可包含在上述的力下基本不拉伸的材料。侧边包覆件50还可含有改变过的区域,以使可拉伸区域56上具有拉伸部分。可拉伸部分可由任意适用的方法制成,包括但不限于机械变形、波纹加工、环锭滚压工(“ring rolling”)、热和变形加工,将侧边包覆件50上的部分经受配合压板的压缩,在侧边包覆件上形成特殊的网状区域以使侧边包覆件部分具有结构类弹性膜的性质(Structural Elastic-Like Film),而不需要加入弹性材料〔或在美国系列专利申请08/203087(Chappell等人,1994年2月28日,即PCT公开号WO95/03765,1995年2月9日公开)描述的“SELFing”方法〕。在下图10-10C和以下其它的图中更详细地描述了该方法。
在其它实施方案中,侧边包覆件上的可拉伸区域可由具有不同拉伸性的材料制成。例如,侧边包覆件50可由拉伸性材料和相对不可拉伸的材料的叠层组成。在该实施方案中,相对不可拉伸的材料可设置在侧边包覆件的轮廓中。将可拉伸区域56将要放置的不可拉伸区域上的相应位置开孔。将不可拉伸材料叠合在可拉伸材料上形成侧边包覆件,其中可拉伸区56位于不可拉伸材料上开孔的相应位置处。
图1-3所示的实施方案包含在各侧边包覆件上的两个区域经环锭滚压(或预波纹加工)形成的可拉伸区域56。适用的环锭滚压方法见美国专利4107364(Sisson,1978年8月15日颁发)、美国专利4834741(Sabee,1989年5月30日颁发)、美国专利5143679(Gerald M.Weber等人,1992年9月1日颁发)、美国专利5156793(Kenneth B.Buell等人,1992年10月20日颁发)和美国专利5167897(Gerald M.Weber等人,1992年12月1日颁发)。
图1-3所示的实施方案中的侧边包覆件50上含有具有折线(或隆纹和凹槽)59的经环锭滚压的波纹,它们一般沿横向。从而使可拉伸区域56可基本沿纵向拉伸。在其它实施方案中,折线可与纵向中线L成一角度。折线59可与纵向中线成大于0°小于或等于180°的任意角度A。折线59在各种可能的实施方案中可以与纵向中线L成约40-45°角。当折线59所成的角小于45°时,可拉伸方向基本沿横向。
图3中所示的侧边包覆件50上优选含有位于可拉伸区域56至少某些部分上的梯形中间区域58。中间区域58优选包含一远端边部分,它构成侧边包覆件远端边54的一部分。但在图3下端所示的侧边包覆件50上,中间区域58的远端边部分位于侧边包覆件50的远端边54横向内侧而构成该实施方式。图3中所示的远端边部分的长度D1优选至少约为20毫米,更优选约为30毫米。优选中间区域58的拉伸性小于侧边包覆件50上含有可拉伸区域56的部分的拉伸性。中间区域58使侧边包覆件50具有更高的抗挤压作用,因此当侧边包覆件受到佩戴者臀部的挤压时,侧边包覆件会折合在内裤松紧带上,而不会被挤压变形。
由于几个原因,图1-3所示的实施方案中可拉伸区域56的形状和位置是优选的。可拉伸区域56被较硬的中间区域58分隔开来并分离的事实,使其具有更好的抗不需要的挤压变形作用,并且能更好地控制其在佩戴者内裤上的折合方式。侧边包覆件50一般在位于内裤松紧带处的可拉伸区域56以及位于内裤边缘与侧边包覆件50的远端边54的交叉点之间的中间区域58处折合。较硬的中间区域58的存在使侧边包覆件更硬,并且与完全由可伸缩性材料和/或由在整个区域内具有同样硬度的材料制成的侧边包覆件相比,可更安全地折合。
当佩戴者拉下内裤查看卫生巾20的沾污情况然后再提起时,较硬的中间区域58还有助于保持对内裤松紧带的包覆。较硬的材料确保侧边包覆件50以向下折合的形状折合在佩戴者内裤的边缘上,恢复到原来的位置。
优选本发明卫生巾20还包含弹性弯曲区域(或折叶)94。弯曲区域94使侧边包覆件相对于主体部分21至少可沿一个轴折合。优选侧边包覆件50至少可先沿弯曲区域94的至少一部分弯折在佩戴者内裤的边缘。优选弯曲区域94位于卫生巾20主体部分21和侧边包覆件50的远端边54之间。优选弯曲区域94有极少或没有弯曲弹性。因此,侧边包覆件50沿佩戴者内裤边缘折合后,它们回到其初始伸展位置上的倾向极小。优选这里所述的带有弯曲区域94的侧边包覆件50通过调整到与内裤边缘的轮廓相适应而进行折合,不同于专利文献中所述的啮合结构,该啮合结构强力地改变佩戴者内裤两侧的轮廓。
弯曲区域94可包含任何满足这些标准的适用的结构。弯曲区域94可包含卫生巾上压密、凹进的区域,不是层叠的而是被层叠区包围的区域,和经机械变形加工的区域,或者可用其它方式加工入提供增强的弹性的区域。在图1所示的优选实施方案中,弯曲区域94包含周边锯齿形焊缝48,它沿主体部分的外边缘,此处顶片38和底片40延伸超出吸湿芯42纵向侧边缘并接合在一起。
与吸湿芯42相比,周边封口48具有增强的弹性。这可能是因为封口48不包含吸湿材料(或所含的吸湿材料比吸湿芯的少)。消除该材料层使得含有周边封口48的卫生巾部分较薄,并且应比含吸湿芯的卫生巾部分弹性大。优选周边封口48还比侧边包覆件上中间区域58的弹性大。这在图1中所示的实施方案中是可能的,由于周边封口48包含顶片38和底片40延伸部分的压实区域。使卫生巾上某一区域比卫生巾上其它区域弹性增强的方法并非限于使用压实区如锯齿形焊缝。除锯齿形焊缝外,还可采用其它用于使卫生巾20上该区域内具有增强弹性的方法,或两者结合使用。
如图1所示,弯曲区域94可完全围绕主体部分21的外周延伸。在其它实施方案中,弯曲区域94仅围绕主体部分21的外周的一部分延伸。例如弯曲区域94可仅沿侧边包覆件50和主体部分21的接合部位延伸。该接合部位包含侧边包覆件50从主体部分21延伸或与主体部分21连接的线或区域(尽管侧边包覆件与主体部分之间无需有明确的分界线)。如图所示,当弯曲区域94沿连接处延伸时,弯曲区域94可沿侧边包覆件50和主体部分21的连接处的全长延伸,也可只沿其长度的一部分延伸。
弹性弯曲区域94至少可位于主体部分21的至少一部分和侧边包覆件50的远端边54之间的任何合适的位置。因此,弯曲区域94可位于侧边包覆件50和主体部分21的连接处、连接区域内或连接处的外侧。弯曲区域94并不需要象图1所示的那样直接连接在主体部分21的纵边缘22上。当弯曲区域94不含锯齿形焊缝时,折叶结构可位于连接处之外,并且优选位于佩戴者内裤的弹性边缘与侧边包覆件的交叉部位。
弹性弯曲区域94可为任意适宜的形状。弹性弯曲区域94可由直线段、曲线段构成,或者弹性弯曲区域94的某些区域由直线段构成,某些区域由曲线段构成。优选弹性弯曲区域94的结构应使得其邻近主体部分的中心区域32的区域与弯曲区域94邻近卫生巾的端区28和30的区域(若有的话)至少同样靠近卫生巾纵向中线,更优选前者更靠近纵向中线L,最优选如图1和图2所示,从侧边包覆件50的远端边方向看,弯曲区域94最好是凹进的。
本发明的卫生巾20(如上所述很明显)可被看作包含几个具有不同弯曲特性和变形性(或不同可拉伸性)的区域。
在优选实施方案中,卫生巾20至少包含三个具有不同弯曲特性的特殊区域。参见图3。这些区域是具有第一弯曲模量的第一区90、具有第二弯曲模量的第二区92,以及具有第三弯曲模量的第三区94。优选如图3所示,第一区90包含卫生巾的主体部分21,其中含有吸湿芯42。优选在三个区域中,第一区90的弯曲模量最高(即,最硬)。优选第二区包含侧边包覆件50的中间区域58。优选第二区的弯曲模量介于第一区90和第三区94的弯曲模量之间。第三区94包含弯曲区,优选其是三个区中弹性最大的。
图3还示出卫生巾20优选包含至少两个特殊区域,它们在指定的受力或受力范围下具有不同的可拉伸性(即具有不同的变形模量)。这些区域包含可拉伸区域56和位于可拉伸区域56之间的中间区域58。可拉伸区域56比中间区域58的拉伸性强。即可拉伸区域56包含较低的第一形变模量M1,它比中间区域58所具有的第二形变模量M2低。
应理解,图1-3所示的实施方案是优选实施方案,存在多种不同的结构形式,它们可包含更少或更多具有不同弯曲特性和形变特性的区域。例如,在图9、图11-14和图16所示的实施方案中,侧边包覆件50还可含有较硬的端部区域100,该区域位于可拉伸区域56的纵向外侧,能防止侧边包覆件50的末端从内裤松紧带上掀起来的不良问题。优选侧边包覆件50上的较硬区域100的弯曲模量与中间区域的弯曲模量相同。但只要较硬区域100的弯曲模量足以防止侧边包覆件末端掀起的不良问题,这些区域的弯曲模量可更大或更小。还可以用其它方式描述图1-3所示的实施方案的特性。例如可以认为可拉伸区域56包含第四区,具有第四弯曲模量,优选该第四弯曲模量低于第二区域92的弯曲模量,还可低于第三区94的弯曲模量。
卫生巾20上朝向内裤的那一面可包含(优选包含)用于将卫生巾固定到佩戴者内裤的固定装置。图1和图2显示出巾体中心固定装置44,它能被调节以确保卫生巾的主体部分21固定在内裤的裆部。本领域已知的任意一种固定装置如粘合剂和机械扣件都适用。发现包含粘合剂的固定装置非常适用于此,其中优选压敏性粘合剂。图1所示的优选布置方式采用的是沿纵向中心线L对称的一对隔开的纵向布置的粘合剂条或区域44。使用卫生巾20以前,如果使用粘合剂固定装置,一般粘合剂上均覆盖有一层可揭去的覆盖条或防粘衬,防止在使用前,粘合剂粘住其它表面而不是内裤的裆部。美国专利4917691中描述了适宜的防粘衬。美国专利4556146(Swanson等人)中描述了特别优选适用作包裹卫生巾的独立包装的防粘衬。
在使用本发明的卫生巾时揭去防粘衬,然后如图4所示,在内裤上安放卫生巾,从而在使用时巾体中心固定粘合剂(或其它固定装置)44与内裤相接触,将卫生巾固定在内裤的合适位置上。仅通过佩戴者提拉内裤的简单动作,侧边包覆件50即可自动沿佩戴者内裤边缘折合。侧边包覆件50呈使用状态,图4显示了一种非限定性实例。
图1示出卫生巾20的侧边包覆件50上还可含有选择性固定装置。图1示出纵向布置的粘合剂区域可选择性地含有粘合剂的中间横向延伸部分46(图1所示的粘合剂区域之一)。中间横向延伸部分46使侧边包覆件50固定在内裤上。当佩戴者剧烈运动时,粘合剂的中间横向延伸部分46使侧边包覆件50固定在佩戴者内裤的裆部的松紧带边缘上(尽管在一般情况下不要求包含该固定装置的延伸部分)。如图5所示,粘合剂固定装置的中间横向突出部分46可用于确保侧边包覆件50固定在佩戴者内裤的上方和/或下方。佩戴者可将侧边包覆件50固定在内裤下方,或者经佩戴者臀部的挤压(尤其是在佩戴者臀部较大时),侧边包覆件可自动折向内裤裆部的下方。中间横向延伸部分优选位于侧边包覆件50的较硬的中间区域58内。优选中间横向延伸部分46与纵向布置的粘合剂区域相连,但并非一定要求如此。中间区域58提供了一种结构有利的实施方案,它包含该中间横向延伸的粘合剂区域。由于中间区域58不需要具有可拉伸性,一般不经波纹加工,因此易于在中间区域58朝向内裤的那一面上施用粘合剂型的固定装置。
图6示出带有侧边包覆件的卫生巾上包含中间横向延伸的固定装置46时所可能出现的现象。所示的侧边包覆件50沿纵向折合线F折合在佩戴者内裤U的裆部边缘E上。发现当卫生巾佩戴在内裤的窄裆部时,中间横向延伸部分46的尺寸和形状应使得折线F将中间横向延伸部分46分成第一部分46A和第二部分46B。此时,折线与内裤裆部侧边缘的外侧之间存在足够距离,从而该侧边包覆件50的分别布置有粘合剂部分46A和46B的其第一部分50A和第二部分50B叠合,彼此粘结在内裤边缘的外侧,侧边包覆件由此形成一结构,它能“抓牢”或“压紧”在内裤裆部的纵向边缘上。这不仅在佩戴者穿着内裤时有助于将侧边包覆件50固定在内裤裆部上,而且在佩戴者拉下内裤查看卫生巾时能使侧边包覆件50固定在原位。
本发明所采用的侧边包覆件50的作用与常规护翼在几个方面存在明显不同之处。首先,在内裤上安放带有常规护翼的卫生巾并提起内裤时,它们不会总象本发明那样具有自动包覆的特性。还存在其它一些原因。常规护翼没有抗挤压作用,因此在使用中会因挤压变形,特别是佩戴者的臀部对护翼施压时。常规护翼也不含可拉伸区域,因此它们一般不会贴合地包覆在内裤上。在有些情况下即使当常规护翼确实包覆在内裤上时,由于它们不含可拉伸区域,因此也不会一直保持包覆状态。第二,常规尺寸的护翼包含多余的护翼材料,它们在佩戴时会垂到内裤的下方。该材料会在内裤下方出现多余的运动,给佩戴者造成不适感。而另一方面,本发明的侧边包覆件具有一理想的宽度,该宽度足以使其包覆在内裤的松紧带边缘上,但又不过宽,从而避免了多余的护翼材料的问题。
本发明可存在多种变化方式。例如,侧边包覆件最好是彼此的镜像,并且沿纵向中线呈对称形式。但应理解的是这里所描述的侧边包覆件的形状和位置都是优选实施方案,其它实施方案也是可行的。例如,所示的侧边包覆件50从主体部分每侧的纵边延伸出来,但也可以仅有一片侧边包覆件从主体部分的一侧延伸出来。另外,侧边包覆件50的一侧侧边包覆件可沿纵向中线偏移,比另一侧侧边包覆件距离主体部分的端边更近。
另外,侧边包覆件还可从主体部分21上不同的位置延伸出来。图2所示的卫生巾的实例中,其侧边包覆件50是从大约位于卫生巾主体部分朝向身体的一面20A所在的平面和主体部分21朝向内裤的一面20B所在的平面之间的中间处的平面延伸出来的。图7所示的卫生巾实例中,其侧边包覆件50从主体部分21朝向身体的一面20A所在的平面上延伸出来。图8所示的卫生巾实例中,其侧边包覆件50从主体部分21朝向内裤的一面20B所在的平面上延伸出来。
卫生巾20还可包含各类折叶结构。例如,除包含图1-3所示的锯齿形封口外,折叶还可包含叠片结构的未封口区域,或者包含侧边包覆件的一机械加工改进区域。
图9所示的实施方案中,优选顶片38和底片40从吸湿芯42的边缘延伸以形成的侧边包覆件50的部分是用如粘结剂层叠在一起的,将其整个朝内的面上除拱形区域88之外的部分粘结在一起。此时弯曲区域94包含该拱形区域88。由于位于拱形区域88内的顶片38和底片40作为单片层分别弯折,因此拱形区域88的弹性大于侧边包覆件上层叠部分的弹性。图9所示的卫生巾(其主体部分)上还可包含选择性的侧边凹槽78,在美国专利5308346(Sneller等人)中述及了该凹槽。侧边凹槽也可类似地设置在这里所述的其它实施方案。
图11-16所示的卫生巾实例中,其折叶结构是由侧边包覆件50上经机械加工改进的部分形成的。图11中所示的折叶结构94包含一纵向分布的短直线形的机械变形加工区域,该区域位于主体部分的中间位置附近。卫生巾20(或侧边包覆件50)上可以任意适宜形式设置机械变形加工区域,这些区域能使折叶结构弹性增强,并且不会造成卫生巾任何部分破裂。发现许多能令卫生巾具有拉伸性的方法特别适用于使侧边包覆件50上的选择区域的弹性增强。例如侧边包覆件50的折叶结构可经环锭滚压,或更优选如图11所示,在其上形成可变形的网状区域,或结构化类弹性膜(SELFed)结构。下面结合图10-10C中更详细地描述了结构化类弹性膜方法和所形成的结构。
由于在侧边包覆件50上由交错的隆纹和凹槽形成多个弹性弯曲轴,因此特别优选这些结构(环锭滚压结构和结构类弹性膜SELF结构)。该结构还使弹性弯曲区域94具有一定拉伸性。该拉伸性能使弯曲区域94上侧边包覆件50上的各部分稍沿横向拉伸以更好地折合在佩戴者内裤裆部的曲边上。另外,优选弯曲区域经SELF形成,因为可形变网状结构上拉伸性较低的未成形带64起着类似“横梁”作用,使成形区域更具整体性,减少侧边包覆件50在折叶结构上的过度下沉的趋势。
由于可形变网状结构形成的基本材料一般是膜(或至少含一个膜部件),将可形变网状材料制成片材或叠层材料(如侧边包覆件50)的适宜方法是使其形成结构类弹性膜结构或称“SELF”材料。由于SELF方法(类似于环锭滚压)适用于高速生产操作,因此优选将其用于侧边包覆件50上弯曲区域94的加工。另外,特别优选将可形变网状材料制成片材的方法,因为片材可适用于生产不定数量型板,以调节弯曲区域94的形状和特性。
参照图10-10C来讨论经SELF加工的区域上可形变网构62的特性。图10-10C所示的是其中形成可形变网构62的网面材料60的放大图。这里所采用的术语“可形变网构”是指可沿预定方向进行有效的拉伸的相互关连的一组区域。图10-10A所示的是网面材料60处于未拉伸状态。可形变网构62至少包含两个明显不同的区域。其中至少包含第一区域64和第二区域66。
图10和10A中所示的简单实施方案中,可形变网构62包含多个第一区域64和第二区域66。如图10和10A所示,第一区域64基本是平面区域。即第一区域64的材料在网面材料60进行成形步骤之前和之后的状态基本相同。第二区域66包括多个连续的、彼此相连的变形体74,可交替沿第一区域64上第一面和第二面(分别是64A和64B)延伸。在其它实施方案中,变形体74可延伸只超出第一区域64上第一面64A或第二面64B中的一个。
图10中所示的其中形成可形变网构62的网面材料60具有纵向中线(或纵轴)l,和横向中线(或横轴)t。在图11所示的卫生巾实施方案中,所示的可形变网构的纵向中线l是直线,并且一般沿横向。但纵向中线l并不仅限于这种形状和方向。纵向中线l可以是直线、曲线,或者部分直线和部分曲线。如需要,可形变网构62的纵向中线l也可沿其它方向。
图10所示的可形变网构62的第一区域64包含第一轴68和第二轴69,其中优选第一轴68比第二轴69长。在所示的简明实施方案中,第一区域64的第一轴68基本与可形变网面材料60的纵轴l平行,而第二轴69基本与网面材料60的横轴t平行。可形变网构62的第二区66也具有第一轴70和第二轴71。第二区66的第一轴70基本与网面材料60的纵轴l平行,而第二轴71基本与网面材料60的横轴t平行。在图10和10A中所示的网面材料中,第一区域64和第二区域66基本是直线,连续地沿基本平行于可形变网面材料的纵向中线l的方向延伸。在其它实施方案中,第二区域66可以是曲线、或者部分直线和部分曲线。
经SELF加工的区域的弹性增强主要有利于弯曲区域94,SELF结构也使侧边包覆件50的一部分具有一定的拉伸性。图10A、B和C显示出具有可形变网构62的网面材料60,当受到沿平行于预定轴方向的外施拉伸时,它表现出至少两个明显不同的受控的抗拉阻力段。可形变的网构62具有第一抗拉阻力(它产生于图10A和图10B中所示的阶段之间)。如图10B所示,直到网面的拉伸足以使其第二区域66的大部分进入拉伸的平面内时,第一抗拉阻力才产生。当网面材料60达到图10B所示的阶段后,继续拉长时,第二抗拉阻力起作用(如图10C所示)。一般当网面材料用于这里所述的侧边包覆件50上的区域时,该网面材料处于第一抗拉阻力阶段内,因此可形变网构62的各部分仅会拉伸到图10B所示的阶段并调整,放松又恢复到图10A所示的阶段。
通过使可形变网构62形成网面结构60,可制成侧边包覆件50上的经SELF加工的区域。在这里采用的术语“形成(forming)”是指在网面材料60上制成所需的结构或形状,在不受任何外部拉力或外力作用下,网面材料60仍能基本保持所需结构或形状。适于使可形变网构62形成网面材料60的方法包括采用配合压板(mating plate)或滚筒进行压印、热塑成形、高压液压成形,以及铸模成形等,但并非仅限于此。
可形变网构62形成的含有侧边包覆件50的叠片(或其它网面材料)可包括一基层材料(或叠片),在佩戴卫生巾时所受的常规外力条件下,其拉伸性相对较低。但当其中形成可形变的网构62后,基层材料在预选定的拉力下(例如在佩戴卫生巾时所受的常规外力条件下)可拉伸。
可形变网构62上变形体74的深度和数目可以不相同,以控制侧边包覆件50上经SELF加工的区域拉伸所要求的外力或拉力。在一种实施方案中,变形体74由两片外部尺寸为5.0″×12″×0.75″(12.7cm×30.5cm×2cm)的硬压板制成。每片压板的一面有一系列啮合齿,其剖面基本是三角形的,测出其底边为0.030″(0.76cm),向顶边方向逐渐减小,顶边为0.008″(0.2mm)。啮合齿中线之间的间隔恒定,间距为0.030″(0.76mm)。在一片压板的“齿”面上,切割有一系列彼此平行的切割槽,它们垂直于间隔恒定的啮齿。沟槽宽0.031″(0.8mm),贯穿板面的全长,与中心间隔距离为0.25″(6.4mm)。沟槽与基层材料上不变形的区域相应。优选的基层材料位于液压机压板之间,该液压机具有比这些压板大的模板以均匀分配压力。压板在至少为4000磅(1800千克)的负荷下压缩。然后将成形的网面材料从压板间取出。如果对于指定数量的变形体要求可拉伸性增加,所加工的网面材料上变形体的高度或程度也要增加。如果对于给定变形体高度或程度要求可拉伸性增加,则变形体的数目或频率也要增加。配合压板可制成一定形状,以便在附图中所示的卫生巾折叶94上加工出各种结构形式。
图12中所示的折叶94上包含有侧边包覆件50的凹进区域,它一般可沿纵向拉伸。图12所示的是实施方案的一个实例,其中折叶区94可沿侧边包覆件和主体部分连接处的全长拉伸。图12中所示的折叶结构94优选是通过将侧边包覆件50上所需的凹进区域经SELF加工而成的。由此形成凹进区域,从而所形成的区域上可形变网构的变形体74的边缘是曲线。变形体74与凹进区域的边线同向(即与折叶94的边缘同向)。
图13所示的另一折叶结构94包含有侧边包覆件50上的凹进区域,它也可沿侧边包覆件和卫生巾主体部分的连接处拉伸。在图13所示的实施方案中,形成折叶结构94,从而隆边和凹槽59垂直于卫生巾的横向中线T。波纹的隆边和凹槽59与凹进的折叶结构94的边线成一定角度。图13中所示的折叶结构可通过将侧边包覆件50上所需的凹进区域经环锭滚压而成。
图14所示的是特别优选的经机械形变加工的折叶结构94,它结合了前述附图中所示的某些实施方案的特点。在图14所示的实施方案中,折叶结构94包含一凹进的经SELF加工的区域(同图12所示的实施方案类似)。但图14中经SELF加工的区域上变形体74的隆边是直线,并且沿纵向。由此该隆边与凹进区域94的边线成一定角度。为显示出侧边包覆件50的折叠情况,虚线E表示当卫生巾安放在佩戴者内裤上时,佩戴者内裤松紧带与折叶94和可拉伸区域56之间的相对位置的实例。侧边包覆件50优选沿虚线E折合。另外,由于优选图14所示的实施方案中所示的顶片和底片的延伸部分是经粘合剂层叠在一起的,因此不需要采用锯齿形封口,在可包含锯齿形封口的实施方案中,折叶结构94或折叶结构94上至少一部分可位于锯齿形封口区域的外侧。
图15所示的是特别优选的经机械形变加工的折叶结构94,用于其中侧边包覆件50是独立的部件的实施方案中。在图15所示的实施方案中,侧边包覆件50所含的独立部件与主体部分21朝向内裤的那一面20B连接在一起。折叶结构94包含纵向的经SELF加工的区域,它可沿侧边包覆件50与主体部分21连接处的全长延伸。优选折叶结构94包含两条隔开的经SELF加工的区域,其中变形体74的隆边沿纵向。这两条隔开的经SELF加工的区域使侧边包覆件50更易于折合在裆部形状和宽度不同的各类尺寸不同的内裤的裆部边缘上。图15也显示出在该实施方案中,折叶结构94的主要部分可位于主体部分21的下方。另外图15显示出折叶结构94上至少一部分可位于锯齿形封口48的外侧。这有助于侧边包覆件更为广泛地适用于各类内裤裆部尺寸。
图16示出另一折叶结构94。在图16所示的实施方案中,折叶94包含侧边包覆件50的一部分,它带有两条并排的同心凹痕线。
这里可包括所述实施方案的不定数量的变化方式。例如,折叶结构上可包含一连续区域或多个彼此间隔的还连续区域。另外,折叶结构除仅由曲线段(或区域)形成以外,还可由直线段(或区域)、曲线段(或区域),或者同时由直线段(或区域)或曲线段(或区域)构成。另外,折叶结构除可以是与可拉伸区域彼此独立的结构,还可与可拉伸区域是一个整体结构的两部分。例如,折叶结构94与可拉伸区域56可含有可形变区域,其中折叶部分逐渐过渡到含可拉伸区域的结构部分中。该实施方案中可包含连续的隆边,这些隆边排列成一系列同凹隆纹和凹槽。这里所示的附图和所述的各种实施方案还可与其它适宜的方式结合形成更多的其它实施方案。
本发明也适用于其它类型的可佩戴在内裤裆部的吸湿用品,如短裤衬和失禁病人用品等。术语“短裤衬”是指比卫生巾体积小的吸湿用品,女性一般在经期的间隔期间佩戴。在题为“短裤衬”(Pantiliner)的美国专利4738676(Osborn,1988年4月19日)中,描述了可配置这里所述的侧边包覆件的短裤衬类吸湿用品。
术语“失禁病人用品”是指垫片、内裤(通过相同类型的悬吊体系如带子等进行固定的垫片)、吸湿用品的衬垫、吸湿用品的容量增加物、短裤、床垫片等,其佩戴者可以是成人或其它失禁者,并无限制。在美国专利5300054(Feist等人,1994年4月5日颁发)和美国专利5304161(Noel等人,1994年4月19日颁发)中描述了配置有这里所述的侧边包覆件的合适的失禁用品。
本专利申请中提到的所有专利、专利中请(其授权专利,以及相应的公开的外国专利申请),以及专利申请公开的所公开的内容均引入本文作为参考。但应明确的是,引入本文作为参考的这些文件均未提出或公开过本发明。还应明确的是,这里描述的市售的原料或产品均未提出或未公开过本发明。
本发明说明并描述了特殊的实施方案,在不背离本发明的精神和范围的基础上对其进行的各种变化和改进对本领域技术人员应是显而易见的。

Claims (9)

1.一种佩戴在佩戴者内裤裆部的吸湿用品,该内裤有具有一对侧边缘的裆部,该吸湿用品沿纵向具有一定纵向长度,沿横向具有一定横向长度,该吸湿用品包含:
含吸湿芯的主体部分,该主体部分包含朝向身体的一面、朝向内裤的一面、一对纵边和周边;
一对用于折合在佩戴者内裤边缘的侧边包覆件,该侧边包覆件沿横向向外延伸超出主体部分的纵向侧边缘而到达远端边缘,该超出距离为小于或等于所述主体部分1/2,该侧边包覆件包含一横向中线,将其分成相对的两部分,该侧边包覆件上包含在横向中线两相对侧的可拉伸区域,以及至少位于可拉伸区域部分之间的拉伸性较低的中间区域,当可拉伸区域折合在内裤边缘上受力小于或等于200克力时,可拉伸20-80%;该吸湿用品包含至少两个具有不同弯曲特性的区域,该区域包含:
位于所述主体部分纵边内侧的所述主体部分内的第一区,它具有第一弯曲模量;以及
至少为该侧边包覆件一部分的第二区,它具有低于所述第一弯曲模量的第二弯曲模量,从而使吸湿用品上第一区和第二区之间存在硬度间隔,其中该侧边包覆件可在第一区和第二区之间的硬度间隔处折合;其中第一区和第二区之间的硬度间隔处包含一弯曲区域,该区域位于所述第一区和第二区之间,该弯曲区域上包含第三区,该第三区位于主体部分的一部分与侧边包覆件端边之间,其中该第三区具有第三弯曲模量,低于所述第二区的弯曲模量。
2.权利要求1的吸湿用品,其中所述主体部分包含可透液体的顶片,与顶片相连的不可透液体的底片,和位于顶片和底片之间的吸湿芯,吸湿芯具有一对纵边,其中所述顶片和底片构成一延伸部分,它横向延伸超出吸湿芯的纵向侧边缘,形成所述的侧边包覆件的至少一部分,顶片和底片的所述延伸部分上包含弹性增强的区域,该区域位于所述吸湿芯的两所述纵向侧边缘的外侧,用作折叶,侧边包覆件的一部分可沿该折叶弯曲。
3.权利要求2的吸湿用品,其中该弹性增强的区域上,在顶片和底片的连接处包含压实的封口。
4.权利要求3的吸湿用品,其中所述封口的至少一部分相对于侧边包覆件的远端边是凹陷的。
5.权利要求4的吸湿用品,其中所述封口沿所述主体部分的整个边缘延伸。
6.权利要求2的吸湿用品,其中所述顶片和底片的所述延伸部分通常在其整个界面处接合在一起,除去其中纵向的位于所述吸湿芯纵边的横向外侧的未接合区域外,该未接合区域形成弹性增强的区域。
7.权利要求6的吸湿用品,其中未接合区域相对于所述侧边包覆件的远端边是凹陷的。
8.权利要求1的吸湿用品,其中至少一个可拉伸区域包含侧边包覆件上的带有波纹的一个区域。
9.权利要求1的吸湿用品,其中所述侧边包覆件包含与所述主体部分朝向内裤的那一面相连接的独立部件,它们在所述主体部分的两纵向侧边缘内侧处接合在一起,该侧边包覆件在该接合处和所述主体部分的所述纵向侧边缘之间的区域并未与该朝向内裤侧接合在一起。
CNB961963220A 1995-06-22 1996-06-03 特别适用于折合在内裤边缘的带有内裤覆盖部件的吸湿用品 Expired - Fee Related CN1157168C (zh)

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ATE195244T1 (de) 2000-08-15
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NO975980L (no) 1998-02-23
ES2148775T3 (es) 2000-10-16
CN1193270A (zh) 1998-09-16
EG21304A (en) 2001-07-31
HK1009742A1 (en) 1999-06-11
MX9710464A (es) 1998-08-30
GR3034791T3 (en) 2001-02-28
CA2225076A1 (en) 1997-01-09
WO1997000655A1 (en) 1997-01-09
KR100266486B1 (ko) 2000-09-15
TR199701519T1 (xx) 1998-05-21
HUP9901084A3 (en) 1999-11-29
HUP9901084A2 (hu) 1999-08-30
TW304876B (zh) 1997-05-11
ZA965203B (en) 1997-01-23
EP0833597A1 (en) 1998-04-08
AU6277296A (en) 1997-01-22
DE69609716D1 (de) 2000-09-14
EP0833597B1 (en) 2000-08-09
CZ412297A3 (cs) 1998-07-15
DE69609716T2 (de) 2001-04-05
CA2225076C (en) 2002-01-01
AU713821B2 (en) 1999-12-09
AR002557A1 (es) 1998-03-25
MY116393A (en) 2004-01-31
BR9608650A (pt) 1999-05-04
PE10498A1 (es) 1998-04-19
JP3908276B2 (ja) 2007-04-25

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