CN115697087A - 睾酮分泌促进剂 - Google Patents
睾酮分泌促进剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115697087A CN115697087A CN202180044211.3A CN202180044211A CN115697087A CN 115697087 A CN115697087 A CN 115697087A CN 202180044211 A CN202180044211 A CN 202180044211A CN 115697087 A CN115697087 A CN 115697087A
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- testosterone
- testosterone secretion
- secretion promoter
- rutinoside
- delphinidin
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Abstract
课题在于得到没有副作用的促进睾酮的合成・分泌的促进剂。从各种天然原料中探索了睾酮分泌促进能力显著高的材料,结果发现了11种促进睾酮由间质细胞分泌的材料。而且,鉴定了其中3种的相关成分。
Description
相关申请
本申请主张2020年6月22日申请的日本专利申请2020-107193号和2021年3月30日申请的日本专利申请2021-57563号的优先权,在此引入其内容。
技术领域
本发明涉及具有睾酮分泌促进作用的促进剂。更详细而言,涉及采用植物提取物、其中所含的成分促进睾酮的合成/分泌的促进剂。
背景技术
近年来,中老年的男性中发生的所谓“男性更年期”成为问题。
男性更年期的症状有性欲下降、抑郁、记忆力低下、注意力下降、疲劳感、潮热、睡眠障碍、肌肉量降低等各种各样,其原因被认为是男性荷尔蒙随着年龄增长而减少。
睾酮已知为代表性的男性荷尔蒙(雄激素),在男性睾丸的间质细胞合成并分泌到血中。睾酮在男性荷尔蒙中具有最强的男性荷尔蒙作用,认为对男性生殖器的发达、骨骼、肌肉的发达、脑、精神面的活力亢进也有影响。因此,血中睾酮的浓度降低引起上述那样的全身的各种紊乱。另外,已知睾酮低提高代谢综合症、心血管疾病、糖尿病、呼吸系统疾病的风险,与寿命有关(非专利文献1)。
随着年龄增长睾酮值降低的症状称为所谓的男性更年期(LOH综合症、迟发性性腺功能减退症)。报告其潜在患者数在50多岁为12%、60多岁为20%、70多岁为30%、80多岁为50%。
这样,虽然实际上是中老年男性中非常多的疾病,但是通常被总结为“由年龄增长导致的紊乱”,或者基于其症状诊断为“抑郁症”。但是,由近年的研究进展和其启发活动认识到,男性更年期(LOH综合症)是使QOL大幅降低的多脏器功能障碍,认识到年龄增长时的睾酮的重要性(非专利文献2)。
为此,本发明人为了得到没有副作用的促进睾酮的合成・分泌的促进剂,探索了促进睾酮的合成/分泌的新材料。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1 :日本特许第4536823号公报
专利文献2 :日本特许第6309175号公报
专利文献3 :日本特许第5382512号公报
非专利文献
非专利文献1 :J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:724‐731,2001
非专利文献2 :日本内科学会杂志 102卷:914~921,2013
非专利文献3 :Chinese Medical Journal(Engl).129(7):846‐853、2016
非专利文献4 :Endocrinology 137(10),4522-4523,1996
非专利文献5 :The Aging Male.(18)2:106-110、2015
非专利文献6 :J.Agric.Food Chem.2001,49,3,1546-1551
非专利文献7 :小野贤二郎、山田正仁著,神经治疗学35卷3号,182-186,2018
非专利文献8 :Biosci Biotechnol Biochem.2016,80(4),791-797。
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
现在,男性更年期的治疗是进行利用注射的睾酮荷尔蒙补充疗法,由于补充体外合成的荷尔蒙、因荷尔蒙的补充量而有产生副作用的可能,难以说是一般的治疗。报告了实际上在老年雄性小鼠中设置睾酮皮下注射组进行实验,与对照组进行比较,睾酮皮下注射组中发现睾丸内睾酮量、精子的数量・运动能力、生育能力显著降低(非专利文献3)。进一步地,在日本保险诊疗中没有批准的其它内服药、涂抹药,即使有症状有时也不能接受治疗。
另外,被认为副作用少的植物等天然原料中,已知促进睾酮的合成・分泌的物质抑制作为将男性荷尔蒙转化为女性荷尔蒙的酶的芳香化酶的活性、抑制睾酮的减少的以甜茶(虎耳草科)提取物(专利文献1)、角豆树和柘树的复合提取物为有效成分的物质(专利文献2)。另外,作为具有增加睾酮的作用的物质,已知源自胭脂树(红木科、红木)的香叶基香叶醇(专利文献3)等,但数量依然少,课题没有解决。
用于解决课题的手段
为此,本发明人鉴于上述课题,对被认为副作用少的天然原料中是否有促进睾酮的合成・分泌的物质进行了深入研究,结果新发现了促进由间质细胞分泌睾酮的天然原料。而且,还发现其机制之一为StAR基因表达的上升导致的。进一步地,特定了3种天然原料的促进睾酮的分泌的相关成分,发现这些成分有并用效果,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明包含以下的方案。
本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂的特征在于,以下述结构式(4)表示的myo-肌醇为有效成分。
另外,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂的特征在于,
其以下述结构式(4)表示的myo-肌醇、
下述结构式(3)表示的迷迭香酸(RA)
和/或、
下述结构式(2)表示的花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)
为有效成分。
另外,对于前述睾酮分泌促进剂,为男性摄取的物质是合适的。
另外,对于前述促进剂,myo-肌醇源自甜茶和/或米糠是合适的。
另外,对于前述促进剂,迷迭香酸(RA)源自红紫苏是合适的。
另外,对于前述促进剂,花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)源自黑加仑是合适的。
另外,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂为选自橄榄叶、小米草、紫锥菊(echinacea)、刺五加、黑加仑、鸡血藤、玉米须、红紫苏、西洋参、甜茶(Rubus suavissimus)、草木犀、这些的提取物中的1种或2种以上是合适的。
另外,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂中,甜茶(Rubus suavissimus)的提取物是用水或含水乙醇提取的提取物是合适的。
另外,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂的制造方法的特征在于,由甜茶(Rubussuavissimus)用水或含水乙醇提取。
另外,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂以选自花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)、花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)和迷迭香酸(RA)中的1种或2种以上为有效成分是合适的。
另外,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂中,用花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)和/或迷迭香酸(RA)诱导StAR的表达是合适的。
另外,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂以下述结构式(3)表示的迷迭香酸(RA)
为有效成分。
另外,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂以下述结构式(2)表示的花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)
为有效成分。
发明效果
本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂使用源自植物的天然原料使睾酮的生物合成和分泌增加。
进一步地,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂由于为由天然原料制成的源自植物的成分,因此与将荷尔蒙制剂由体外补充到体内的治疗方法相比副作用的担忧少,可安全使用。
附图说明
[图1] 显示用水和40%乙醇提取的甜茶提取物的睾酮分泌促进活性的图。
[图2] 显示睾酮生物合成的途径的图。
[图3] 显示StAR的基因表达的图。
[图4] 显示甜茶提取物的Caco-2细胞透过成分的睾酮分泌促进活性的图。
[图5] 显示甜茶提取物的Caco-2细胞伤害率的图。
[图6] 为myo-肌醇(MI)、花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)、花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)、迷迭香酸(RA)的睾酮分泌促进活性试验结果。
[图7] 甜茶提取物中的活性峰的 1H-NMR(下部分)和参考数据(BiologicalMagnetic Resonance Bank)(上部分)的比较图。
[图8] 花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)的StAR表达的促进确认试验的结果。
[图9] 迷迭香酸(RA)的StAR表达的促进确认试验的结果。
[图10] 并用各成分时的睾酮分泌促进活性试验的结果。
具体实施方式
本发明者人等由各种天然原料中探索睾酮分泌促进功能显著高的原料,结果发现促进间质细胞中睾酮分泌的天然原料。并且,作为其分泌促进机理之一,发现是由StAR基因表达的上升引起的。本发明的实施例中使用的天然原料的详情如下。但是,本发明的天然原料的形态不限于这些。
(1)橄榄叶为将木樨科(Oleaceae)的橄榄(Olea europea)的叶干燥制成粉末状得到的。
(2)小米草(西洋小米草)是由将Euphrasia rostkoviana HAYNE以及其它同属植物(Scrophulariaceae)的地上部用水提取制造的提取物粉末。
(3)紫锥菊echinacea(紫马帘菊的拉丁名)是将Echinacea purpurea(Compositae)的干燥地上部用水提取制造的提取物粉末。
(4)五加参(刺五加)为将刺五加Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim.(Araliaceae)的根用水提取制造的提取物粉末。
(5)黑加仑(黑醋栗)为将黑穗醋栗Ribes nigrum (Saxifragaceae)的果实用水提取,在柱中用含水乙醇洗脱制造的提取物粉末。
(6)鸡血藤为将鸡血藤Spatholobus suberectus 的茎用含水乙醇提取制造的提取物粉末。
(7)玉米须为将玉米Zea mays L. (Gramineae ) 的花柱和柱头用水提取制造的提取物粉末。
(8)红紫苏是将紫苏 Perilla frutescens Britton var.acuta Kudo 或回回苏Perilla frutescens Britton var.crispa Decaisne的叶和树梢用水提取制造的提取物粉末。
(9)西洋人参(西洋参)是将花旗参Panax quinquefolium Linne(Araliaceae)的根用水提取制造的提取物粉末。
(10)甜茶是将Rubus suavissimus S. Lee(Rosaceae)的叶用水或含水乙醇提取制造的提取物粉末。要说明的是,本成分有时被称为甜茶。但是,专利文献1中使用的甜茶是来源完全不同的物质。
(11)草木犀(黄花草木犀)是将黄花草木犀 Melilotus officinalis Lam.或Melilotus altissimus Thuill.(Leguminosae)的地上部用水提取制造的提取物粉末。
进一步这些中,黑加仑中确定花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)、花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)、红紫苏中迷迭香酸(RA)、甜茶(Rubus suavissimus)中myo-肌醇为促进睾酮分泌的相关物质。其中,确认花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)和迷迭香酸(RA)诱导StAR的表达。以下,对这些确定的成分进行详述。
花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)是花色素苷成分之一,为用以下的结构式(1)表示的花青素的衍生物。花青素-3-葡萄糖苷包含在以浆果类为代表的很多红色浆果类中,花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)为黑加仑特有的成分,蓝莓、越桔等中不含。已知主要有促进眼的血流的效果、抗氧化作用。占黑加仑中含有的花色素苷中的约35%。花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)有凯拉花青(Keracyanin)等的同义词。
[化1]
花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)用以下的结构式(2)表示,与花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)同样地是黑加仑中含有的花色素苷的1种,是蓝莓、越桔等中不含的黑加仑特有的成分。已知有促进眼的血流的效果、预防青光眼、轴性近视的效果,抗氧化力优异。占黑加仑中含有的花色素苷中的约46%。花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)有山慈菇花苷(Tulipanin)等的同义词。
[化2]
已知花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)、花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)与葡萄糖苷类同样地通过经口摄取而在体内吸收。芸香糖苷类与葡萄糖苷类不同,不会共轭体化、甲基化,确认直接以花色素苷的状态在摄取后1~2小时后迅速转移到血中,排泄到尿中,被认为直接以花色素苷的形态在体内作为有效成分发挥功能(非专利文献6)。
迷迭香酸(RA)用以下的结构式(3)表示,是红紫苏、迷迭香等的唇形科植物中含有的多酚。已知有抗氧化作用、抗过敏作用、抗炎症作用,近年还报告了对阿尔茨海默病的效果。报告了迷迭香酸通过经口施与而在体内被吸收,发挥功能(非专利文献7)。食用的迷迭香酸除了红紫苏、迷迭香以外还包含在柠檬香草、鼠尾草、留兰香等中而被使用。
迷迭香酸(RA)有(R)-O-(3,4-二羟基肉桂酰)-3-(3,4-二羟基苯基)乳酸((R)-O-(3,4-Dihydroxycinnamoyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)latic acid)、3,4-二羟基肉桂酸(R)-1-羧基-2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)乙酯(3,4-Dihydroxycinnnamic acid(R)-1-carboxy-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester)等的同义词。
[化3]
myo-肌醇用以下的结构式(4)表示,是肌醇中所存在的9种异构体中的一个,包含在自然界的各种食品中。通过经口摄取而由肠管吸收到体内。已知在体内用作调整渗透压的渗透剂,调整脂质、糖代谢。另外,已知myo-肌醇对多囊卵巢综合症(PCOS)的治疗有用。
要说明的是,myo-肌醇除了前述甜茶以外,也包含在米糠(日本食品化学工学会志Vol.59, No.7, 301~318 (2012)中详述)等中,纯度为97%以上的已经由筑野rice finechemicals(株)商品化。
myo-肌醇有六羟基环己烷(Hexahydroxycuclohexane)、环己烷己醇(Cyclohexanehexanol)、内消旋肌醇(meso-Inositol)、Myo-肌醇(Myo-Inosit)等的同义词。
[化4]
作为本发明中使用的天然原料的材料的各种植物体的使用部位优选前述部位,另外也可使用选自花、花穗、果皮、果实、茎、叶、枝、枝叶、干、树皮、根茎、根皮、根、种子或全草等中的1种或2种以上的部位。作为本申请中的天然原料的形态,除了由这些天然原料使用溶剂直接提取得到的物质,还包含实施压榨处理后得到的压榨液和/或向残渣中加入溶剂提取得到的物质、将植物干燥磨碎制成粉末状得到的物质等大范围的形态。除了上述以外,工业合成的物质也可以。
本发明中的天然原料的提取物可通过公知的方法制造,例如使用水、甲醇、乙醇等醇类或这些的混合溶剂这样的提取溶液,进行常温提取或加热提取而制造,根据需要在减压或加压下提取也可以。得到的提取物可直接使用,通常使用通过浓缩或冷冻干燥而干燥的物质。
本发明的促进剂可单独摄取,或者可以与医药上允许的载体、赋形剂、增塑剂、着色剂、防腐剂等混合以经口用组合物的形态摄取。作为用于该经口用组合物中的载体,可列举例如糖醇(作为例子、甘露醇)、无机物(作为例子,碳酸钙)、微晶纤维素、纤维素(作为例子,羧甲基纤维素)、明胶、藻酸钠、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、琼脂、硬脂酸镁、滑石等。
前述经口用组合物的形态没有特别限定,可以为片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂、粉末剂、锭剂或溶液(飲料)等形态。
另外,本发明的促进剂能够以配混在一般食品、健康食品、保健功能食品(特定保健用食品、功能性食品等)中的状态合适地摄取。
作为前述食品,可列举例如乳饮料、乳酸菌饮料、清凉饮料、碳酸饮料、果汁饮料、蔬菜饮料、酒精饮料、粉末饮料、咖啡饮料、红茶饮料、绿茶饮料、麦茶饮料等饮料类;布丁、果冻、巴伐露、酸奶、冰淇淋、口香糖、软糖、巧克力、糖果、焦糖、饼干、曲奇、年糕片、酥脆薄片饼干等的点心类;清炖汤(Consomme soup)、potage soup等糖类;味噌、酱油、调料(dressing)、番茄酱(ketchup)、作料汁、调味汁、拌饭料等各种调味料;草莓酱、蓝莓酱、橘子酱、苹果酱等酱类;红葡萄酒等果酒;糖水腌渍的樱桃、杏、苹果、草莓、桃等加工用果实;乌冬、冷面、挂面、荞麦面、中国式面条、意大利面、通心粉、米粉、粉丝和馄饨等的面类;另外各种加工食品等。
另外,其摄取量在甜茶提取物的情况下,如果以60kg的人为对象,则1天50~1500mg左右是合适的。作为其它成分摄取的情况下,myo-肌醇(МI)1天100~10000mg左右、花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)1天1~200mg左右、迷迭香酸(RA)1天3~500mg左右是合适的。
本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂不限于人,对人以外的动物也可发挥前述效果。因此,本发明的睾酮分泌促进剂也可配混于家畜、宠物用的饲料。
另外,近年男性的不育症增加,其原因的一部分可列举睾丸机能障碍、勃起障碍(ED)。已知如果附睾内的睾酮浓度上升,则改善附睾内的精子成熟过程。另一方面,作为睾酮降低引起的症状,有勃起障碍(ED),因此认为通过促进睾酮的分泌,不仅对男性更年期有用,对男性的不育的改善也可能有用。
实施例
以下列举实施例进行说明,但本发明不限于此。
〔实施例1〕睾酮分泌促进活性试验
发明人对100的天然原料进行了睾酮分泌促进实验。原料选择国内外能够得到的天然原料中在现在的食药区分中在国内被判断为“食”的原料。
样品的制备方法如下进行。
将各原料以100mg/mL的浓度溶解于50%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)水溶液中。
活性的测定方法如下进行。
将I-10细胞(JCRB细胞库、JCRB9097)以2×10 4cells/well播种于48孔板(ThermoScientific公司制)中,24小时后除去培养基,加入添加了样品的培养基。要说明的是,培养基为在F-10(SIGMA-Aldrich公司制)中加入10%牛血清(Gibco公司制)、青霉素 100unit/mL、硫酸链霉素 100μg/mL、硫酸庆大霉素 50μg/mL(均为富士胶片和光纯药制)得到的培养基。添加样品后24小时后回收培养基,使用睾酮ELISA试剂盒(Cayman Chemical制)采用酶标仪(Biotech制)对睾酮进行定量。
要说明的是,作为对照使用50%DMSO水溶液。
结果示于表1。
[表1]
如表1所示,11种原料相对于对照(仅50%DMSO水溶液)确认到2倍以上的显著的睾酮上升。
〔实施例2〕甜茶中成分的提取方法
发明人研究了提取实施例1中睾酮合成・分泌活性特别高的甜茶时用水和含水乙醇提取的提取物的量是否不同。
提取如下进行。
1.将甜茶的干燥叶(松浦药业制)用磨粉碎,制成粉末。
2.将得到的粉末叶放入2个烧杯中,每个烧杯5g,向一个烧杯中加入100ml的水,向另一个烧杯中加入100ml的40%乙醇进行搅拌。
3.搅拌后,加盖在冰箱中静置5天。
4.将提取液和粉末叶用No.2滤纸(ADVANTEC东洋制)分离,将得到的提取液转移至200mL的茄型烧瓶中。
5.用冷冻干燥机(东京理化制)进行24小时冷冻干燥,充分干燥后测定包括烧瓶的提取物的总重量。将此时的总重量称为(i)。
6.由5中得到的总重量(i)减去烧瓶重量(ii),算出得到的提取物量。
结果示于表2。
[表2]
水提取 | 40%乙醇提取 | |
使用甜茶叶干燥重量 | 5.03 g | 5.01 g |
茄型烧瓶重量(ii) | 98.5679 g | 100.1370 g |
干燥后茄型烧瓶重量(i) | 99.7019 g | 101.3421 g |
干燥提取物量((i)-(ii)) | 1.1340 g | 1.2051 g |
表2表明与用水提取相比,用40%乙醇提取时所得到的提取物的量稍多。
另外,将这些用实施例1的方法对睾酮进行定量时,如图1所示用40%乙醇提取的提取物显示高的睾酮分泌促进活性。
因此,关于甜茶,显示与水相比,用含有乙醇的溶剂提取时得到高的睾酮分泌促进活性。要说明的是,乙醇的浓度为10~90质量%、优选为20~80质量%、进一步优选为30~70质量%、最优选为40~60质量%。
〔实施例3〕睾酮分泌促进的作用机理
进一步,发明人为了分析睾酮分泌促进的活性机理,研究了睾酮生物合成相关基因的表达量的变化。
另外,睾酮生物合成相关基因如图2所示,可列举为作为甾体荷尔蒙合成的律速步骤的步骤相关的因子,促进胆固醇从线粒体外膜向内膜转移的Steroidogenic acuteregulatory protein(类固醇合成快速调节蛋白,StAR)、以胆固醇为基质将C22位和C20位连续羟基化,进而催化另一阶段的加氧酶反应的同时,切断C20-C22间的共价键,生成孕烯醇酮的CYP11A1(P450scc)、用单一酶催化17α-羟基化反应和C17-C20间的切断反应两个反应,由孕烯醇酮生成Dehydroepiandrosterone(脱氢表雄酮,DHEA)、由黄体酮生成雄烯二酮的CYP17A1(P450c17)、催化向δ-5-3-β-羟基类固醇前体的δ-4‐甾酮的氧化转化以及3-β-羟基-和3-酮基-5-α-雄烷类固醇的相互转化的3β-羟基-δ5-类固醇脱氢酶(HSD3β)、催化17-甾酮的还原和17β-羟基类固醇的脱氢,由DHEA生成雄烯二醇、由雄烯二酮生成睾酮的17β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶(HSD17β)。
其中为律速步骤的StAR的类固醇荷尔蒙合成的相关性大,在类固醇荷尔蒙的合成体系中也被认为是重要的步骤。有由于StAR基因有异常,不合成肾上腺和性腺的几乎所有类固醇荷尔蒙的称为类脂性肾上腺增生(Prader病)的疾病。该疾病在出生时呈现肾上腺功能不全症状,另外由于46、XY的固体中睾丸的男性荷尔蒙产生障碍,外生殖器女性化。另外,报告了动物中如果StAR的表达减少,则以睾酮为代表的类固醇荷尔蒙量减少(非专利文献4)。
进一步,报告了以24月龄的老年小鼠为男性更年期动物模型,经口施与中药柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤,则男性更年期模型小鼠的StAR的表达增加,改善血清睾酮水平,改善了作为男性更年期的一个症状的性活性的减少。该研究显示通过活化StAR的表达,可改善血清睾酮水平,可改善由男性更年期引起的各种症状的可能性(非专利文献5)。
分析实验如下进行。
将I-10细胞(JCRB细胞库、JCRB9097)以1×10 5cell/mL在6孔板(日本genetics制)中播种2mL/well,在F-10培养基(10%FBS、青霉素 100unit/mL、硫酸链霉素 100μg/mL、硫酸庆大霉素 50μg/mL)中用孵化器(三洋电机制)培养3天(37℃、10%CO2条件下)。
向上述细胞中添加用F-10培养基稀释100倍的样品(100mg/mL、50%DSMO水溶液)溶液,用孵化器(三洋电机制)培养3天(37℃、10%CO2条件下)。
将该细胞通过PBS溶液洗涤后,用Accutase(NACALAI TESQUE制)剥离进行回收。
将回收的细胞用小型台式冷却离心分离机(久保田商事制)以300g离心分离3分钟后,除去上清。
用ReliaPrep(注册商标)RNA Cell Miniprep System(Promega制)或Maxwell(注册商标)RCS simply RNA Cells Kit(Promega制)提取Total RNA。
将Total RNA(0.5~1.0μg)用ReverTra Ace(注册商标)qPCR RT Master Mix(东洋纺制)逆转录后,使用GeneAce SYBR(注册商标)qPCR Mix α No ROX(NIPPON GENE 制)和表3所示的引物通过Thermal Cycler Dice Real Time System(TAKARA BIO制)进行分析。
本实验中,对照为50%DSMO水溶液。
结果示于图3。
[表3]
图3表明StAR在11种中与对照相比显著高的表达。由此表明StAR参与促进睾酮合成分泌。
〔实施例4〕肠管上皮透过性的确认
本发明的实施例中向作为间质细胞模型的I-10细胞中直接添加样品,在生物体中如果在经口摄取后不能由肠管吸收则成分不能到达间质细胞。
为此,发明人为了确认本发明的促进剂是否透过肠管上皮,使用作为肠管上皮细胞模型的Caco-2细胞研究甜茶提取物是否显示活性。
将Caco-2细胞(理研细胞库、RCB0988)播种于透过性试验中使用的insert(BioCoat Collagen I inserts、Corning公司制)上,使用Millicel ERS-2(merckmillipore公司制)每隔几天测定跨膜电阻抗(TEER),培养至600Ω・cm2左右。在insert内添加加入了样品(将甜茶用40质量%乙醇进行提取得到的提取物,浓度分别为5、10、20mg/mL)的培养基0.2mL,静置一晚后,回收基底膜侧的培养基(0.6mL),添加到I-10细胞中,用实施例1的方法测定睾酮分泌促进活性。结果示于图4。对照使用40质量%乙醇。
进一步地,使用Cytotoxicity LDH Assay kit-WST(同仁化学株式会社制)研究这些浓度的甜茶提取物对于Caco-2细胞的细胞伤害性。结果示于图5。
如图4所示,基底膜侧的培养基浓度依存性地促进I-10细胞的睾酮分泌。
另外,如图5所示,未确认到显著的细胞伤害性。
这些表明甜茶提取物透过肠管,且含有促进间质细胞的睾酮分泌的成分。
〔实施例5〕相关成分特定的试验
发明人为了鉴定使睾酮上升的11种天然原料的相关成分进行了以下的试验。结果示于图6,对甜茶得到的峰图和参考数据的比较示于图7。
试验按照以下的方法进行。
对于甜茶的提取物,将甜茶5g用40%乙醇水溶液在4℃提取4天,由得到的提取液除去乙醇后,依次用己烷、乙酸乙酯、1-丁醇进行溶剂分配,得到水层(750 mg)。将水层全部通过DIAION HP-20柱色谱(2.4×20cm)后用水洗涤,依次流通50%甲醇水溶液、甲醇。将未吸附级分(水级分、444mg)浓缩后,添加到Cosmosil 75C18-OPN柱色谱(1.5×3.0cm)中,流通水、60%甲醇水溶液,得到水洗脱级分(444mg)。将该水洗脱级分通过柱使用Inertsustain C18(20×250mm、GL science)、流动相使用梯度(由20%甲醇水溶液到65%甲醇水溶液、添加0.1%三氟乙酸,60分钟)的HPLC进行分级。将得到的级分接着通过Cosmosil PBr(10×250mm、NACALAI TESQUE)、流动相使用梯度(由1%甲醇水溶液到15%甲醇水溶液、添加0.1%三氟乙酸、60分钟)的HPLC进行分级。最后,将得到的级分通过Shodex Asahipak NH2P-50 4E(4.6×250mm、SHOWA DENKO K.K.)、流动相使用85%乙腈水溶液的HPLC进行分级,测定得到的峰的 1H-NMR和ESI-MS,通过与参考数据(Biological Magnetic Resonance Bank)比较鉴定myo-肌醇。
另外,对于黑加仑、红紫苏,已知多种这些原料中含有的成分,因此使用多种化合物通过化学生物方法探索了相关成分。结果,黑加仑中鉴定了花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)和花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)、红紫苏中鉴定了迷迭香酸(RA)。
睾酮分泌促进活性试验通过〔实施例1〕的方法进行。
作为阳性对照使用GGOH(香叶基香叶醇)。GGOH(香叶基香叶醇)为由生长在中~南美洲的植物、现在在印度、非洲等全世界栽培的红木科红木(Annatto:Bixa orella)的种子得到的天然的类异戊二烯化合物。作为睾酮增强剂公开(专利文献3)、报告了睾酮增强作用(非专利文献8)。
由图6可知,源自黑加仑的花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)和花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)、源自红紫苏的迷迭香酸(RA)与对照相比观察到显著促进睾酮分泌。另外,源自甜茶(Rubussuavissimus)的myo-肌醇(MI)也可确认到促进睾酮的分泌。这些成分被认为是促进睾酮分泌的相关成分。
〔实施例6〕StAR表达的促进确认的试验
发明人为了进一步确认实施例5中判明的相关成分是否促进StAR的表达,对花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)和迷迭香酸(RA)通过[实施例3]的方法进行了StAR表达的促进确认试验。结果示于图8和图9。
由图8和图9可知,关于花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)和迷迭香酸(RA)的任一种,与其它睾酮生物合成相关基因相比StAR的表达上升。由此认为,花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)和迷迭香酸(RA)均诱导StAR的表达。
〔实施例7〕相关成分的并用效果
发明人进一步对于实施例5中判明的相关成分,通过[实施例1]的方法对并用时而不是单独使用的睾酮的分泌促进効果是否上升进行了睾酮分泌促进活性试验,进行了研究。结果示于图10。
由图10可知,确认到与myo-肌醇(МI)、迷迭香酸(RA)、花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)各自单独相比,myo-肌醇(МI)和迷迭香酸(RA)、myo-肌醇(МI)和花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)并用时睾酮的分泌促进上升。由此表明,通过并用成分,分泌更多的睾酮。
配方例1:蔬菜汁
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)甜茶含水乙醇提取物 0.5
(2)榨蔬菜汁 84.5
(3)苹果5倍浓缩果汁 5.0
(4)柠檬3倍浓缩果汁 2.0
(5)抗坏血酸钠 0.05
(6)纯化水 余量。
〔制法〕
将(1)~(6)混合得到蔬菜汁。
配方例2:曲奇
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)甜茶含水乙醇提取物 10.0
(2)起酥油 40.0
(3)牛奶 5.0
(4)阿斯巴甜 7.5
(5)鸡蛋 7.5
(6)泡打粉 0.001
(7)低筋面粉 余量。
〔制法〕
使用搅拌机混合(2)~(4)后,将(5)一点一点加入,混合至均匀。向该混合物中加入预先混合的(6)、(7)和(1)进行混炼,得到曲奇面团。在冰箱中静置30分钟后,成型,烘烤。
配方例3:软糖
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)甜茶含水乙醇提取物 2.5
(2)苹果5倍浓缩果汁 45.0
(3)蜂蜜 41.5
(4)榨柠檬汁 5.0
(5)明胶 6.0
(6)肉桂皮 适量。
〔制法〕
将(1)~(4)加热混合,加入(5)和(6)进而加热混合至均匀。将该混合液浇注到模具中,在4℃冷却到1小时。从模具中取出得到软糖。
配方例4:片剂型补剂
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)甜茶含水乙醇提取物 10.0
(2)微晶纤维素 75.0
(3)抗坏血酸钠 10.0
(4)甘油脂肪酸酯 3.0
(5)滑石 1.8
(6)硬脂酸钠 0.2。
〔制法〕
将(1)~(6)均匀混合后,使用单发式压片机压片,得到直径5mm、质量15mg的片剂。
配方例5:颗粒型补剂
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)甜茶含水乙醇提取物 15.0
(2)抗坏血酸 25.0
(3)乙酸d-α-生育酚酯 1.5
(4)粉末还原麦芽糖糖稀 54.0
(5)阿斯巴甜 0.6
(6)羟基丙基纤维素 1.5
(7)核黄素丁酸酯 0.2
(8)三氯蔗糖 0.2
(9)蔗糖脂肪酸酯 2.0。
〔制法〕
将混合(1)~(6)得到的混合物与将(7)和(8)溶解在25mL的乙醇中得到的溶解液混合并混炼后,用挤出造粒机造粒。向得到的造粒物中添加混合(9),得到颗粒剂。
配方例6:片剂型补剂
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)刺五加干燥粉末 10.0
(2)微晶纤维素 75.0
(3)抗坏血酸钠 10.0
(4)甘油脂肪酸酯 3.0
(5)滑石 1.8
(6)硬脂酸钠 0.2。
〔制法〕
将(1)~(6)均匀混合后,用单发式压片机压片,得到直径5mm、质量15mg的片剂。
配方例7:颗粒型补剂
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)西洋人参干燥粉末 15.0
(2)抗坏血酸 25.0
(3)乙酸d-α-生育酚酯 1.5
(4)粉末还原麦芽糖糖稀 54.0
(5)阿斯巴甜 0.6
(6)羟基丙基纤维素 1.5
(7)核黄素丁酸酯 0.2
(8)三氯蔗糖 0.2
(9)蔗糖脂肪酸酯 2.0。
〔制法〕
将混合(1)~(6)得到的混合物和将(7)和(8)溶解在25mL的乙醇中得到的溶解液混合,捏合后,用挤出造粒机造粒。向得到的造粒物中添加混合(9)得到颗粒剂。
配方例8:软糖
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)红紫苏水提取物 2.5
(2)苹果5倍浓缩果汁 45.0
(3)蜂蜜 41.5
(4)榨柠檬汁 5.0
(5)明胶 6.0
(6)肉桂皮 适量。
〔制法〕
将(1)~(4)加热混合,加入(5)和(6)并加热混合至均匀。将该混合液浇注到模具中,在4℃冷却1小时。从模具中取出,得到软糖。
配方例9:片剂型补剂
〔成分〕 〔配混量〕
(1)myo-肌醇 67.0
(2)红紫苏提取物粉末(含有迷迭香酸) 0.6
(3)黑加仑提取物粉末(含有黑加仑花色素苷) 1.2
(4)微晶纤维素 26.2
(5)甘油脂肪酸酯 2.5
(6)滑石 1.5
(7)硬脂酸钠 0.6
(8)酸味剂 0.4
(9)香料 适量。
〔制法〕
将(1)~(9)均匀混合后,用单发式压片机压片,得到直径11mm、质量400mg的片剂。
Claims (13)
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的睾酮分泌促进剂,其是男性摄取的物质。
4.根据权利要求1所述的睾酮分泌促进剂,其特征在于,myo-肌醇源自甜茶和/或米糠。
5.根据权利要求2所述的睾酮分泌促进剂,其特征在于,迷迭香酸(RA)源自红紫苏。
6.根据权利要求2所述的睾酮分泌促进剂,其特征在于,花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)源自黑加仑。
7.睾酮分泌促进剂,其特征在于,包含选自橄榄叶、小米草、紫锥菊、刺五加、黑加仑、鸡血藤、玉米须、红紫苏、西洋参、甜茶(Rubus suavissimus)、草木犀和这些的提取物中的1种或2种以上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的睾酮分泌促进剂,其特征在于,甜茶(Rubus suavissimus)的提取物为用水或含水乙醇提取的提取物。
9.睾酮分泌促进剂的制造方法,其特征在于,用水或含水乙醇由甜茶(Rubussuavissimus)提取。
10.睾酮分泌促进剂,其以选自花青素-3-芸香糖苷(C3R)、花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)和迷迭香酸(RA)中的1种或2种以上为有效成分。
11.根据权利要求10所述的睾酮分泌促进剂,其特征在于,通过花翠素-3-芸香糖苷(D3R)和/或迷迭香酸(RA)诱导StAR的表达。
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JP2008239612A (ja) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-10-09 | Kikkoman Corp | 血流改善組成物 |
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JPS5629139A (en) | 1979-08-20 | 1981-03-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Test method of watertightness for hoisting unit |
CN102335269B (zh) | 2007-11-21 | 2013-06-19 | 客乐谐制药株式会社 | 芳香酶抑制剂 |
JP5382512B2 (ja) | 2009-05-27 | 2014-01-08 | タマ生化学株式会社 | テストステロン増強剤 |
JP6024942B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-29 | 2016-11-16 | 株式会社福山こめ酢 | テストステロン分泌促進剤、抗疲労剤及びその製造方法と利用 |
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US20200030396A1 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2020-01-30 | Tci Co., Ltd | Composition capable of promoting testosterone secretion and use thereof |
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