CN115683519A - Bird bomb test apparatus and bird bomb test method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bird impact test device and a bird impact test method. The bird strike test device comprises a vacuum bin, a fan test piece, a bird bullet launching device, a gas circuit on-off valve and a controller. The fan test piece sets up in the vacuum chamber and includes the pivot and a plurality of blades that set up along the circumference of pivot, and the pivot rotationally sets up in order to drive a plurality of blade rotations around its axis. The bird bullet launching device comprises a high-pressure gas bottle, a gun barrel and bird bullets, wherein the first end of the gun barrel is connected with the high-pressure gas bottle, the second end of the gun barrel is connected with the vacuum bin, and the bird bullets leave the gun barrel under the impact of the high-pressure gas and strike preset target blades in the blades. The gas path on-off valve is arranged between the high-pressure gas bottle and the first end of the gun barrel, and the controller is configured to control the opening time of the gas path on-off valve according to the actual angle position of the preset target blade on the fan test piece so as to enable the bird to shoot the preset target blade. The bird strike test device provided by the invention can be used for accurately striking the preset target blade.

Description

Bird bomb test apparatus and bird bomb test method

technical field

The invention relates to a bird bomb test device and a bird bomb test method.

Background technique

The bird strike test of an aero-engine is a performance test of an aero-engine that must be carried out in accordance with airworthiness provisions. When the engine is airworthy and certified, it needs to go through strict tests to verify that it meets the requirements of the airworthiness clauses. There is a clause stating that when carrying out the bird strike verification test, the impact point position of the bird bomb should be fully considered. Therefore, for the bird strike test, it is a key issue in the development of civil aeroengines to improve the test technology for the bird bomb to accurately strike the designated position of the test piece.

At present, bird strike tests have been carried out at home and abroad, and the related test devices and test methods are mostly designed for the bird strike of the whole aircraft, without considering the test repeatability problem during the high-speed rotation of the aero-engine, or it is difficult to achieve Accurate striking requirements for high-speed rotating test pieces.

In some related technologies known to the inventor, the bird bomb test device can only carry out precise strikes on a stationary aircraft, but cannot ensure precise strikes on the required strike points for blades with high-speed rotation, and ensure the reliability of the test. repeatability.

It should be noted here that the statements in the background technology section only provide background technology related to the present invention, and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a bird bomb test device and a bird bomb test method to precisely control the bird bomb impact point of the bird strike test.

The first aspect of the present invention provides a bird strike test device, comprising:

vacuum chamber;

The fan test piece is arranged in the vacuum chamber and includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades arranged along the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged around its axis to drive the plurality of blades to rotate;

The birdball launching device includes a high-pressure gas bottle, a cannon barrel and birdballs arranged in the cannon barrel. The first end of the cannon barrel is connected with the high-pressure gas bottle, the second end of the cannon barrel is connected with the vacuum chamber, and the birdball is arranged in the cannon. to leave the barrel under the impact of high-pressure gas and hit the preset target blade among the plurality of blades;

The gas path on-off valve and the controller, the gas path on-off valve is arranged between the high-pressure gas bottle and the first end of the barrel to control the on-off of the gas path between the high-pressure gas bottle and the barrel, the controller is configured to The air circuit on-off valve emits an opening signal to make the high-pressure gas impact the bird bomb, and the controller is also configured to control the firing time of the opening signal according to the actual angular position of the preset target blade on the fan test piece to make the bird bomb strike Preset the target blade in .

In some embodiments, the controller is configured to calculate the angle transmitted by the controller according to the initial angular position of the preset target blade and the angle that the fan test piece rotates during the process from when the controller sends the turn-on signal to when the birdball hits the fan test piece. When the signal is turned on, the target angular position of the target blade is preset, and when the actual angular position of the preset target blade is the target angular position, the controller sends the turn-on signal.

In some embodiments, the rotation angle of the fan test piece during the process from the controller sending the opening signal to the birdshot hitting the fan test piece is calculated by the time spent from the controller sending the opening signal to the birdshot hitting the fan test piece. The time and the speed of the fan test piece are calculated and obtained.

In some embodiments, the time taken for the process from when the controller sends the opening signal to when the bird bomb hits the fan test piece includes the first time required from when the opening signal is sent to when the valve of the air circuit on-off valve is opened, the bird bomb flies The second time required to pass through the barrel and the third time for the birdshot to strike the fan test piece from the second end of the barrel.

In some embodiments, the birdshot hits the predetermined target blade with an angle error less than the angle value covered by each blade of the plurality of blades.

In some embodiments, the number of blades is 18 or less.

In some embodiments, the controller is configured to calculate and obtain the initial angular position of the preset target blade according to the number of the preset target blade.

The second aspect of the present invention provides a bird strike test method based on the above bird strike test device, comprising the following steps:

Determining one of the plurality of blades as the preset target blade and calculating the initial angular position of the preset target blade on the fan test piece;

Obtain the angle of rotation of the fan test piece during the process from the controller launching the opening signal to the birdshot hitting the fan test piece;

Calculating the target angular position of the preset target blade when the signal is emitted based on the initial angular position and the angle through which the fan test piece is turned; and

The actual angular position of the preset target blade is detected in real time, and when the actual angular position of the preset target blade is the target angular position, the controller sends an opening signal.

Based on the aspects provided by the present invention, the bird strike test device includes a vacuum chamber, a fan test piece, a bird bomb launching device, an air circuit on-off valve and a controller. The fan test piece is arranged in the vacuum chamber and includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades arranged along the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged around its axis to drive the plurality of blades to rotate. The birdball launching device includes a high-pressure gas bottle, a barrel and a birdball arranged in the barrel. The first end of the barrel is connected to the high-pressure gas bottle, the second end of the barrel is connected to a vacuum chamber, and the birdshot is arranged in the barrel. Under the impact of high-pressure gas, it leaves the barrel and strikes the predetermined target blade among the plurality of blades. The gas path on-off valve is arranged between the high-pressure gas bottle and the first end of the gun barrel to control the on-off of the gas path between the high-pressure gas bottle and the gun barrel, and the controller is configured to operate on the fan test piece according to the preset target blade. The actual angular position controls the opening time of the air path on-off valve so that the birdshot hits the preset target blade. The test device of the present invention predicts the target angular position of the preset target blade, and when the actual angular position of the preset target blade on the fan test piece is the above-mentioned target angular position, an opening signal is emitted, thereby realizing the prediction Set the precise hit of the target blade.

Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention. In the attached picture:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a birdball test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fan test piece in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fan test piece when the controller transmits the start signal.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the birdshot test method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized description. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as illustrative only, and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

For the convenience of description, spatially relative terms may be used here, such as "on ...", "over ...", "on the surface of ...", "above", etc., to describe the The spatial positional relationship between one device or feature shown and other devices or features. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "above" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "beneath" or "above" the other devices or configurations. under other devices or configurations”. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "beneath". The device may be positioned in other different ways and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

The bird strike test device of the embodiment of the present invention predicts the angular position of the preset target blade when the strike signal is emitted by accurately calculating the time required from the launch of the opening signal to the time required for the birdshot to hit the preset target blade, and then in the preset When the target blade does not reach the strike point, the strike signal is launched in advance, so as to accurately control the strike point of the bird bomb hitting the fan test piece.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , in some embodiments, the bird strike test device includes a vacuum chamber 5 , a fan test piece 4 , a bird bomb launching device, an air circuit on-off valve 7 and a controller 6 .

The fan test piece 4 is arranged in the vacuum chamber 5 and includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades 41 arranged along the circumference of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged around its axis to drive the plurality of blades 41 to rotate. The birdball launching device comprises a high-pressure gas bottle 1, a barrel 2 and a birdball 3 arranged in the barrel 2, the first end of the barrel 2 is connected to the high-pressure gas bottle 1, and the second end of the barrel 2 is connected to the vacuum chamber 5 Connected, the birdshot 3 is arranged in the gun barrel 2 to leave the gun barrel 2 under the impact of the high-pressure gas and strike a preset target blade among the plurality of blades. The gas path on-off valve 7 is arranged between the high-pressure gas bottle 1 and the first end of the barrel 2 to control the on-off of the gas path between the high-pressure gas bottle 1 and the barrel 2, and the controller 6 is configured to The actual angular position of the blade on the fan test piece 4 controls the opening time of the air path on-off valve 7 so that the birdshot 3 hits the preset target blade.

When the controller 6 sends an opening signal to open the air path on-off valve 7 until the birdshot 3 actually hits the preset target blade, the fan test piece 4 will continue to rotate, so if you want to accurately hit the preset target blade, you must adjust the preset The target angular position of the target blade is pre-judged, and when the actual angular position of the preset target blade on the fan test piece 4 is the above-mentioned target angular position, an opening signal is emitted, thereby realizing precise hitting of the preset target blade .

Specifically, referring to FIG. 2 , when the fan test piece 4 is stationary and does not rotate, the birdshot strike point A is located on the blade with an angle of zero. The fan test piece 4 of this embodiment continues to rotate around its axis of rotation, and the Nth blade 41 of the fan test piece 4 is set as the preset target blade. When the fan test piece 4 is reached, the preset target blade just rotates to this position, so that the birdshot hit point A is just located on the preset target blade.

In some embodiments, the controller 6 is configured to calculate the rotation angle of the fan test piece according to the initial angular position of the preset target blade and the turning angle of the fan test piece during the process from when the controller 6 sends the opening signal to the birdshot hits the fan test piece. The angular position of the target blade is preset when the sensor emits an opening signal.

从控制器6发射开启信号到鸟弹打击到风扇试验件的过程中风扇试验件转过的角度为β，那么在控制器发射开启信号时预设目标叶片的目标角度位置

Referring to Figure 2, preset the initial angular position of the target blade

The angle that the fan test piece turns during the process from when the controller 6 sends the opening signal to when the birdball hits the fan test piece is β, then the target angle position of the target blade is preset when the controller sends the opening signal

In some embodiments, the angle β that the fan test piece rotates during the process from when the controller 6 sends the opening signal to the time when the birdshot hits the fan test piece is determined by the process from the controller 6 when the opening signal is sent to the time when the birdshot hits the fan test piece. The time taken and the rotational speed of the fan test piece to obtain. Specifically, β=T·ω.

Specifically, the time T spent from the controller 6 sending the opening signal to the process of the bird bomb hitting the fan test piece includes the first time T _open required from the sending of the opening signal to the valve opening of the air circuit on-off valve, the bird bomb A second time T _AB required to fly through the barrel and a third time T _BC for the birdshot to travel from the second end of the barrel to impacting the fan test piece. That is to say T=T _open +T _AB +T _BC . Specifically, the first time T _open required from the sending of the opening signal to the opening of the valve of the gas path on-off valve refers to the time from when the opening signal is sent to the opening of the battery of the gas path on-off valve.

In some embodiments, the birdshot hits the predetermined target blade with an angle error less than the angle value covered by each blade of the plurality of blades. Here, the angle value covered by each blade refers to the angle obtained by dividing 360° by the number of blades, rather than the value covered by the solid part of each blade.

In some embodiments, the number of blades is 18 or less.

其中N为叶片的编号。In some embodiments, the controller is configured to calculate and obtain the initial angular position of the preset target blade according to the number of the preset target blade. That is to say, when installing, the zero blade is installed at the position where the angle is zero. For example, the initial angular position of the Nth blade

Where N is the number of the blade.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a bird strike test method of a bird strike test device, comprising the following steps:

Determining one of the plurality of blades as the preset target blade and calculating the initial angular position of the preset target blade on the fan test piece;

Obtain the angle of rotation of the fan test piece during the process from the controller launching the opening signal to the birdshot hitting the fan test piece;

Calculating the target angular position of the preset target blade when the signal is emitted based on the initial angular position and the angle through which the fan test piece is turned; and

The angular position of the preset target blade is detected in real time, and when the preset target blade reaches the target angular position, the controller sends an opening signal.

The bird strike test method of the embodiment of the present invention calculates and predicts the target angular position of the fan test piece, and when the preset target blade reaches the target angular position, the controller sends an opening signal, thereby realizing the precise strike on the preset target blade . Precise strikes on preset target blades can facilitate repeated trials on multiple blades.

Specifically, the real-time detection of the angular position of the preset target blade can directly use the sensor to directly detect the angular position of the preset target blade in real time. It is also possible to detect the angular position of the entire fan test piece to convert the angular position of the preset target blade, for example, the zeroth blade can be used as a reference to detect the angular position of the fan test piece, and then the preset target blade can also be obtained the angular position.

The structure and working process of an aeroengine bird strike test device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 .

As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the bird strike test device of the aero-engine includes a high-pressure gas cylinder 1, a gun barrel 2, a bird bomb 3, a fan test piece 4, a vacuum chamber 5, a controller 6, and an air circuit breaker. Valve 7, bird flick receptacle 8, first pressure sensor 9, first temperature sensor 14, second pressure sensor 11, second temperature sensor 10, third pressure sensor 13, third temperature sensor 12 and laser velocimeter 15 .

Wherein the high-pressure gas cylinder 1 stores high-pressure air. The barrel 2 is used for accelerating the birdshot 3 therein. Birdshot 3 is used to simulate real birds. The fan test piece 4 included a plurality of blades. The vacuum chamber 5 is used to simulate the environment of the aero-engine bird strike test. The first pressure sensor 9 is used to detect the air pressure in the high-pressure gas cylinder 1 and feeds back to the controller 6, the first temperature sensor 14 is used to detect the air temperature in the high-pressure gas cylinder 1 and feeds back to the controller 6, and the second pressure sensor 11 is used to detect the air pressure in the barrel 2 and feed back to the controller 6, the second temperature sensor 10 is used to detect the temperature in the barrel 2 and feed back to the controller 6, and the third pressure sensor 13 is used to detect the vacuum chamber 5 The pressure in the chamber is fed back to the controller 6, the third temperature sensor 12 is used to detect the temperature in the vacuum chamber 5 and fed back to the controller 6, and the laser velocity meter 5 is used to detect the speed of the birdball and feed back to the controller 6. Further, the bird strike test device also includes a rotational speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the fan test piece and an angle sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the fan test piece, and the controller 6 is used to receive the above-mentioned pressure Sensors, temperature sensors, signals of laser speed measuring speedometers, signals of speed sensors and angle sensors, and control instructions are issued according to the signals.

The gas path on-off valve 7 is a solenoid valve that opens and closes quickly. When the valve is opened, the birdball flies through the barrel under the action of high-pressure air to strike the fan test piece.

The birdball support 8 is used to load the birdball 3 and accelerate the birdshot in the gun barrel 2. After the accelerated birdball leaves the gun barrel, it advances at approximately a constant speed, and finally hits the rotating fan test piece 4.

As shown in Figure 2, the fan test piece 4 includes 18 fan blades, and the preset target blade is the Nth blade, so the corresponding initial angular position of the blade is

的位置，开启信号发出时对应的试验件角度信息应为θ＝2πN/18-·ω。Figure 3 shows the state of the fan test piece when the controller emits an opening signal. As shown in Figure 1, A is at the beginning of the barrel, B is at the end of the barrel, and C is at the impact point of the fan test piece. Since the fan test piece is in a state of high-speed rotation, it is necessary to consider the time T _open from the opening signal to the opening of the battery valve, the time T _AB for the birdball to fly through the barrel, and the time T for the birdball to leave the barrel and hit the test piece _BC . The angle turned by the test piece during this period is ω. Therefore, in order for the birdshot to hit the preset Nth fan blade precisely, that is, the phase

, the corresponding angle information of the test piece when the opening signal is sent out should be θ=2πN/18-·ω.

Fig. 4 shows the flow chart of the bird strike test method of this embodiment, the specific use method is: according to the test requirements, adjust the test temperature, pressure, and bird bomb mass to the specified accurate values. The impact point of the preset birdshot is located on the Nth blade of the fan, and the calculated angle information of the preset target blade when the birdshot is launched is θ=2πN/18-·ω. After starting the fan test piece, reconfirm that the test temperature, pressure, and bird bomb mass are all the specified accurate values. After confirming that it is correct, the operator operates the bird cannon to launch. After the controller receives the bird cannon launch signal from the operator, it judges the angle of the preset target blade of the fan test piece. When the phase is θ=2πN/18-ω, it sends a bird cannon launch command, and opens Gas circuit on-off valve 7. The birdshot is shot out accordingly, and accurately hits the impact point corresponding to the preset Nth blade.

In order to ensure the repeatability of the test, the time error ΔT _open of the battery switch of the air circuit on-off valve of the bird bomb test device is ≦0.1ms. The test device controls the speed at which the bird cannon flies out of the gun barrel mouth to be v=130m/s (±1%), and the length of L _BC is 1m, so the time error ΔT _BC <1/(130·(1 -1%))-1/(130·(1+1%))=0.15ms. The length L _AB of the barrel of this test device is 7m. By precisely controlling the test temperature, air pressure and quality of the birdshot, it can ensure that the time error ΔT _AB of the birdshot staying in the barrel is <0.45ms. Therefore, the birdshot impact of the test device Total time error ΔT=ΔT _open +ΔT _AB +ΔT _BC <0.6ms.

At the same time, the speed measurement error of the test device is Δω=±2rpm≦4/60rps, the flight time of the bird cannon fired by the test device is T<0.2s, and the speed of the fan test piece ω<4000rpm.

Based on the above data, the corresponding impact point phase error is Δβ=ΔT·ω+T·Δω<0.0006s·4000/60rps·360+0.2s·4/60rps·360=19.2°<360/18=20° . That is, the angle error of the impact point of the test device is smaller than the angle value covered by a fan blade, so the test device can realize the accurate bird strike test of the fan test piece with less than 18 blades and less than 4000 revolutions, and then realize repeatable bird strike test. The test device of the embodiment of the present invention ensures the precise striking of the bird strike test, so the number of blades of the test piece can be greatly reduced in the actual test, and the test cost can be greatly reduced.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Modifications to the specific implementation of the invention or equivalent replacement of some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the technical solution claimed in the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A bird strike test device, comprising:

a vacuum chamber (5);

the fan test piece (4) is arranged in the vacuum bin (5) and comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades (41) arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged around the axis of the rotating shaft so as to drive the blades to rotate (41);

the bird bullet launching device comprises a high-pressure gas bottle (1), a barrel (2) and bird bullets (3) arranged in the barrel (2), wherein the first end of the barrel (2) is connected with the high-pressure gas bottle (1), the second end of the barrel (2) is connected with the vacuum bin (5), and the bird bullets (3) are arranged in the barrel (2) to leave the barrel (2) under the impact of high-pressure gas and strike preset target blades in the blades (41);

the device comprises a gas path on-off valve (7) and a controller (6), wherein the gas path on-off valve (7) is arranged between the high-pressure gas bottle (1) and the first end of the gun barrel (2) to control the on-off of a gas path between the high-pressure gas bottle (1) and the gun barrel (2), the controller (6) is configured to transmit an opening signal to the gas path on-off valve (7) to enable the high-pressure gas to impact the bird bomb (3), and the controller (6) is further configured to control the transmitting time of the opening signal according to the actual angle position of a preset target blade on the fan test piece (4) to enable the bird bomb (3) to hit the preset target blade.

2. The bird strike test device according to claim 1, wherein the controller (6) is configured to calculate a target angular position of the preset target blade when the controller transmits the turn-on signal, based on an initial angular position of the preset target blade and an angle through which the fan test piece (4) is rotated during a period from the transmission of the turn-on signal by the controller (6) to the striking of the bird strike to the fan test piece, the controller transmitting the turn-on signal when an actual angular position of the preset target blade is the target angular position.

3. The bird strike test device according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle through which the fan test piece (4) rotates from the time when the controller (6) transmits the turn-on signal to the time when the bird bomb strikes the fan test piece (4) is calculated from the time taken from the time when the controller (6) transmits the turn-on signal to the time when the bird bomb strikes the fan test piece (4) and the rotation speed of the fan test piece (4).

4. The bird strike test device according to claim 3, characterized in that the time taken from the transmission of an opening signal by the controller (6) to the process of the bird's bullet striking the fan test piece (4) includes a first time required from the transmission of an opening signal to the valve opening of the gas passage on-off valve (7), a second time required for the bird's bullet (3) to fly through the barrel (2), and a third time required for the bird's bullet (3) to strike the fan test piece (4) from the second end of the barrel (2).

5. The bird strike test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the angular error at which the bird shot (3) strikes the predetermined target blade is smaller than the angular value covered by each of the plurality of blades (41).

6. The bird strike test device of claim 5, wherein the number of the plurality of blades is 18 or less.

7. The bird strike test device of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to calculate an initial angular position of a preset target blade from a number of the preset target blade.

8. A bird strike test method based on the bird strike test apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

determining one of a plurality of blades as a preset target blade and calculating an initial angle position of the preset target blade on the fan test piece;

acquiring the rotating angle of the fan test piece in the process from the transmission of a starting signal from the controller to the striking of the bird bomb to the fan test piece;

calculating a target angle position of the preset target blade when a signal is transmitted according to the initial angle position and the rotating angle of the fan test piece; and

and detecting the actual angle position of the preset target blade in real time, and when the actual angle position of the preset target blade is the target angle position, transmitting an opening signal by a controller.

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