CN115679887A - Ecological wave dissipation structure - Google Patents

Ecological wave dissipation structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115679887A
CN115679887A CN202211273180.1A CN202211273180A CN115679887A CN 115679887 A CN115679887 A CN 115679887A CN 202211273180 A CN202211273180 A CN 202211273180A CN 115679887 A CN115679887 A CN 115679887A
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China
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wave
groove
fixedly connected
ecological
block
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CN202211273180.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115679887B (en
Inventor
田正林
毛鸿飞
林金波
赫岩莉
吴光林
杨蕙
何栋彬
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Guangdong Ocean University
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Guangdong Ocean University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological wave-dissipating structure, which comprises: the step platform is fixedly connected with a wave blocking groove and a wave blocking block, and the wave blocking groove is positioned below the wave blocking block; the wave dissipation parts are arranged on the plurality of wave dissipation parts, are all positioned on one side of the wave blocking groove far away from the wave blocking block, are all positioned below the wave blocking groove, and comprise anchoring components and buffering components, the bottom ends of the buffering components are fixedly connected with the plurality of anchoring components, and the anchoring components are fixedly embedded in the stair platform; planting portion, planting portion lie in keep off unrestrained groove and keep off between the unrestrained piece, and planting portion includes plant subassembly and protective assembly, plant subassembly and ladder platform rigid coupling, and protective assembly can dismantle with the plant subassembly and be connected. The invention achieves better wave-dissipating purpose by arranging multi-stage wave-dissipating facilities and matching with the stair platform, and can effectively increase the diversity of organisms by arranging the planting part and provide good habitat environment for the organisms.

Description

Ecological wave dissipation structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering wave-dissipating structure type development and application, in particular to an ecological wave-dissipating structure.
Background
Wave dissipation in ocean engineering refers to the process of breaking, disturbing and consuming sea waves by building water retaining structures on the land of coastal zones such as coast to reduce the energy of the sea waves and protect the coastal zones from being invaded by damp and waves. The current wave dissipation structure mainly comprises the traditional sea wall engineering, a dam is usually constructed on the coast, one or more structures of special-shaped energy dissipation blocks such as a fence plate, a turning block, a square block, a turning block and the like are arranged on one side of the dam close to sea water, and the purpose of reducing wave energy is achieved.
Because the original state of the coastline is changed by the traditional seawall wave-breaking projects, the ecological environment along the shore is inevitably eroded in the process of building, and the habitat of animals is reduced, so that the traditional wave-breaking structures are not friendly to the ecological environment.
Therefore, there is a need to develop an ecological wave-dissipating structure which can effectively resist the erosion of sea waves to the shoreline and improve the ecological environment near the shore.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological wave-dissipating structure, which comprises:
the step platform is fixedly connected with a wave blocking groove and a wave blocking block, and the wave blocking groove is positioned below the wave blocking block;
the wave dissipation parts are arranged on the plurality of wave dissipation parts, the plurality of wave dissipation parts are all positioned on one side, away from the wave blocking block, of the wave blocking groove, the plurality of wave dissipation parts are all positioned below the wave blocking groove, each wave dissipation part comprises an anchoring assembly and a buffering assembly, the bottom end of the buffering assembly is fixedly connected with the plurality of anchoring assemblies, and the anchoring assemblies are fixedly embedded in the stair platform;
planting portion, planting portion is located keep off between unrestrained groove and the unrestrained piece, planting portion includes plant subassembly and protective component, the plant subassembly with the ladder platform rigid coupling, protective component with the plant subassembly can be dismantled and be connected.
Preferably, the buffering component comprises a fixed plate, a cover body and a wave dissipation block, the cover body is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to one side, away from the cover body, of the fixed plate, the anchoring components are arranged, the wave dissipation block is located in the cover body, the wave dissipation block is located at one side, close to the wave blocking groove, of the cover body, the cross section of the wave dissipation block is of a fan-shaped structure, the arc-shaped surface of the wave dissipation block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover body, a horizontal surface of the wave dissipation block is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, a channel is formed in the wave dissipation block, the inlet and the outlet of the channel are located at the other horizontal surface of the wave dissipation block, and a plurality of water inlet through grooves are formed in one side, away from the wave blocking groove, of the cover body.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the passage is first reduced and then increased from the inlet to the outlet.
Preferably, the inlet and the outlet are fixedly connected with filter plates, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the filter plates.
Preferably, the anchor subassembly includes frustum piece and hook, the fixed plate is kept away from one side of the cover body is provided with a plurality of the frustum piece, the path end of frustum piece with the fixed plate rigid coupling, the path end rigid coupling of frustum piece has a plurality of the hook, the frustum piece with the hook is all fixed to be inlayed and is established on the stair platform.
Preferably, the plant assembly comprises a planting groove, the planting groove is fixedly connected with the step platform, the protection assembly is detachably connected with the planting groove, filling soil is filled in the planting groove, and a plurality of plants are planted on the filling soil.
Preferably, the protection component includes protection network and guard ring, and is a plurality of all the cover is equipped with guard ring, and is a plurality of on the plant guard ring all with the protection network rigid coupling, the protection network is laid fill out the soil top, the protection network with the connection can be dismantled in planting the groove.
Preferably, the planting groove outside lateral wall rigid coupling has a plurality of hooks, protection net edge rigid coupling has a plurality of collar, and is a plurality of the collar overlaps one by one and is established on the hook.
Preferably, one side of the wave blocking block, which is close to the wave blocking groove, is provided with an arc-shaped recess.
Preferably, a plurality of partition plates are fixedly connected in the wave blocking groove, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the wave blocking groove in a penetrating mode.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
when the ecological wave dissipation structure is used, a stair platform is built on the shore, a wave dissipation part, a wave blocking groove, a planting part and a wave blocking block are sequentially arranged on the stair platform from bottom to top, when the tide is removed or the water wave is small, the energy of the water wave is consumed mainly through the stair platform and the wave dissipation part so as to achieve the purpose of dissipating the wave, when the tide is increased or the water wave is large, the energy of the water wave is consumed mainly through the combination of the stair platform, the wave dissipation part and the planting part so as to achieve the purpose of dissipating the wave, when the water wave is large and can reach the wave blocking block through the planting part, the energy of the water wave is consumed through the combined action of the stair platform, the wave dissipation part, the planting part and the wave blocking block so as to achieve the purpose of dissipating the wave.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an ecological wave-dissipating structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of C in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of D in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a wave dissipating portion;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the wave breaker;
wherein, 1, a step platform; 2. a plant; 3. an anchor rod; 4. a wave blocking block; 5. reinforcing ribs; 6. a hook claw; 7. a frustum block; 8. a fixing plate; 9. a cover body; 10. wave eliminating blocks; 11. filtering the plate; 12. a channel; 13. a through hole; 14. a water inlet through groove; 15. a wave-blocking groove; 16. through the hole; 17. a partition plate; 18. planting grooves; 19. filling soil; 20. a protective net; 21. a mounting ring; 22. a hook; 23. and (4) a protective ring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the mechanism of the present invention, and not full-mechanism embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides an ecological wave-dissipating structure, comprising:
the step platform 1 is fixedly connected with a wave blocking groove 15 and a wave blocking block 4, and the wave blocking groove 15 is positioned below the wave blocking block 4;
the wave dissipation parts are arranged on the plurality of wave dissipation parts, are all positioned on one side, far away from the wave blocking block 4, of the wave blocking groove 15, are all positioned below the wave blocking groove 15, and comprise anchoring components and buffering components, the bottom ends of the buffering components are fixedly connected with the plurality of anchoring components, and the anchoring components are fixedly embedded in the stair platform 1;
planting portion, planting portion are located and keep off unrestrained groove 15 and keep off between unrestrained piece 4, and planting portion includes plant subassembly and protective component, plant subassembly and 1 rigid coupling of stair platform, and protective component can dismantle with the plant subassembly and be connected.
Further, the stair platform 1 comprises a first inclined plane section, a first plane section, a second inclined plane section and a second plane section which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the energy of water waves can be gradually consumed in the process of contacting the stair platform 1 by setting multi-stage inclined plane water waves, so that the purpose of weakening the water waves is achieved, the wave dissipation part is located on the first inclined plane section, the wave blocking groove 15 is located at the top end of the first plane section, the planting part is located on the second inclined plane section, and the wave blocking block 4 is located at the top end of the second plane section.
Furthermore, a plurality of wave dissipation parts are distributed in a matrix shape.
Furthermore, the bottom ends of the wave blocking grooves 15 and the wave blocking blocks 4 are fixedly connected with anchor rods 3, and the anchor rods 3 are fixedly embedded in the stair platform 1.
Furthermore, one side of the wave blocking block 4 far away from the wave blocking groove 15 is fixedly connected with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 5, and the bottom ends of the reinforcing ribs 5 are fixedly connected with the stair platform 1.
Further, the buffering component comprises a fixing plate 8, a cover body 9 and a wave dissipation block 10, the cover body 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate 8, which is far away from the cover body 9, is fixedly connected with a plurality of anchoring components, the wave dissipation block 10 is located in the cover body 9, the wave dissipation block 10 is located on one side, which is close to the wave dissipation groove 15, of the cover body 9, the cross section of the wave dissipation block 10 is of a fan-shaped structure, the arc-shaped surface of the wave dissipation block 10 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cover body 9, one horizontal surface of the wave dissipation block 10 is fixedly connected with the fixing plate 8, a channel 12 is formed in the wave dissipation block 10, the inlet and the outlet of the channel 12 are located on the other horizontal surface of the wave dissipation block 10, and one side, which is far away from the wave dissipation groove 15, of the cover body 9 is provided with a plurality of water inlet through grooves 14.
When the tide is ebb and the water wave is small, in the process that the water wave reaches the step platform 1, the step platform 1 can reduce a part of energy of the water wave, the reduced water wave enters the cover body 9 through the water inlet through groove 14 and enters the channel 12 through the inlet positioned at the lower part, the water wave is discharged through the outlet positioned at the upper part, the water wave is blocked by the wave eliminating block 10 and then is subjected to force unloading buffering through the channel 12, and the purpose of further reducing the water wave is achieved.
Further, a plurality of water inlet through grooves 14 are distributed at equal intervals along the horizontal direction.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the impact of water waves on the cover 9 and prolong the service life of the cover 9, the cover 9 is of an arc-shaped structure.
Further, the inner diameter of the passage 12 is first reduced and then increased from the inlet to the outlet.
When water waves enter the channel 12 through the inlet, the inner diameter of the channel 12 gradually decreases, so that the resistance to the water waves is increased, and the purpose of better reducing the energy of the water waves is achieved, and in the process of discharging the water waves from the outlet, the inner diameter of the channel 12 gradually increases, so that the water waves are discharged from the outlet more slowly, and the purpose of better wave dissipation is achieved, meanwhile, the design can also reduce the scouring erosion of the water waves to the channel 12, and the service life of the wave dissipation block 10 is effectively prolonged.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the channel 12 from being blocked by sundries, the inlet and the outlet are fixedly connected with a filter plate 11, and the filter plate 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes 13.
Further, the anchor subassembly includes frustum piece 7 and hook 6, and one side that the cover body 9 was kept away from to fixed plate 8 is provided with a plurality of frustum pieces 7, and the minor diameter end and the fixed plate 8 rigid coupling of frustum piece 7, the major diameter end rigid coupling of frustum piece 7 have a plurality of hooks 6, and frustum piece 7 and hook 6 are all fixed to be inlayed and are established on step 1.
Through setting up frustum piece 7 and with the hook 6 of frustum piece 7 rigid coupling, and the minor diameter end of frustum piece 7 and fixed plate 8 rigid coupling, can effectively strengthen the anchoring degree between fixed plate 8 and the ladder platform 1, effectively prolong the firm degree and the life of unrestrained portion that disappears.
Further, the plant assembly comprises a planting groove 18, the planting groove 18 is fixedly connected with the stair platform 1, the protection assembly is detachably connected with the planting groove 18, filling soil 19 is filled in the planting groove 18, and a plurality of plants 2 are planted on the filling soil 19.
Through setting up planting groove 18 to plant 2 in planting groove 18, not only can increase biological diversity, provide a good habitat for the animal, when the flood tide or the unrestrained great time, plant 2 can also block the unrestrained power of water with subducing.
Further, the plant 2 is one or more of mangrove plant, bruguiera plant, kandelia plant and silique plant.
Further, the protection assembly includes protection network 20 and guard ring 23, all overlaps on a plurality of plants 2 to be equipped with guard ring 23, a plurality of guard rings 23 all with protection network 20 rigid coupling, protection network 20 lays in the fill out soil 19 top, protection network 20 can dismantle with planting groove 18 and be connected.
Through setting up protection network 20, can effectively reduce the loss of fill out soil 19 that rises tide, the damp in-process caused, establish the guard ring 23 and with guard ring 23 and protection network 20 rigid coupling through the cover on plant 2, can strengthen the firm degree of plant 2.
Further, a plurality of hooks 22 are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the planting groove 18, a plurality of mounting rings 21 are fixedly connected to the edge of the protection net 20, and the plurality of mounting rings 21 are sleeved on the hooks 22 one by one.
Further, keep off unrestrained piece 4 and be close to one side of keeping off unrestrained groove 15 and seted up the arc sunken, through setting up the arc sunken wave can follow the arc sunken motion when the unrestrained bat of water is keeping off unrestrained piece 4 to subduct the energy of unrestrained, better blocks the unrestrained water.
Furthermore, in order to enhance the strength of the wave blocking groove 15, a plurality of partition plates 17 are fixedly connected in the wave blocking groove 15, a plurality of through holes 16 are formed in the side wall of the wave blocking groove 15 in a penetrating manner, and organisms in water waves can reciprocate to and fro through the through holes 16 and two sides of the wave blocking groove 15 in the rising and falling tide processes through the through holes 16, so that the organisms are prevented from being blocked by the wave blocking groove 15 and cannot normally pass through the wave blocking groove.
The using method comprises the following steps: firstly, a step platform 1 is built on a bank, a wave dissipation part, a wave blocking groove 15, a planting part and a wave blocking block 4 are sequentially arranged on the step platform 1 from bottom to top, when the tide or the water wave is smaller, the water wave is dissipated mainly through the step platform 1 and the wave dissipation part, when the tide or the water wave is larger, the water wave is dissipated mainly through the step platform 1, the wave dissipation part and the planting part, the wave blocking block 4 serves as a last defense line for wave blocking and wave dissipation, a better wave dissipation purpose is achieved by arranging multi-stage wave dissipation facilities and simultaneously matching with the step platform 1, the diversity of organisms can be effectively increased through the arrangement of the planting part, and a good inhabitation environment is provided for the organisms.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological wave-dissipating structure, comprising:
the wave shielding device comprises a stair platform (1), wherein a wave shielding groove (15) and a wave shielding block (4) are fixedly connected to the stair platform (1), and the wave shielding groove (15) is located below the wave shielding block (4);
the wave dissipation parts are arranged and are all located on one side, away from the wave blocking block (4), of the wave blocking groove (15), and are located below the wave blocking groove (15), each wave dissipation part comprises an anchoring assembly and a buffer assembly, the bottom end of each buffer assembly is fixedly connected with a plurality of anchoring assemblies, and each anchoring assembly is fixedly embedded in the corresponding step platform (1);
planting the portion, it is located to plant the portion keep off between unrestrained groove (15) and the unrestrained piece (4), planting the portion and including plant subassembly and protective component, the plant subassembly with stair platform (1) rigid coupling, protective component with the plant subassembly can be dismantled and be connected.
2. The ecological wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buffer assembly comprises a fixing plate (8), a cover body (9) and a wave dissipation block (10), wherein the cover body (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate (8), one side, far away from the cover body (9), of the fixing plate (8) is fixedly connected with a plurality of anchoring assemblies, the wave dissipation block (10) is located in the cover body (9), the wave dissipation block (10) is located on one side, close to the wave blocking groove (15), of the cover body (9), the cross section of the wave dissipation block (10) is of a fan-shaped structure, the arc-shaped surface of the wave dissipation block (10) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cover body (9), one horizontal surface of the wave dissipation block (10) is fixedly connected with the fixing plate (8), a channel (12) is formed in the wave dissipation block (10), the inlet and the outlet of the channel (12) are located on the other horizontal surface of the wave dissipation block (10), and a plurality of water inlet through grooves (14) are formed in one side, far away from the wave blocking groove (15), of the cover body (9).
3. The ecological wave-dissipating structure according to claim 2, wherein: the inner diameter of the channel (12) is first reduced and then increased from the inlet to the outlet.
4. The ecological wave-dissipating structure according to claim 2, wherein: the filter plate is characterized in that the inlet and the outlet are fixedly connected with a filter plate (11), and a plurality of through holes (13) are formed in the filter plate (11).
5. The ecological wave-breaking structure of claim 2, wherein: the anchor subassembly includes frustum piece (7) and hook (6), fixed plate (8) are kept away from one side of the cover body (9) is provided with a plurality of frustum piece (7), the path end of frustum piece (7) with fixed plate (8) rigid coupling, the big footpath end rigid coupling of frustum piece (7) has a plurality of hook (6), frustum piece (7) with hook (6) are all fixed to be inlayed and are established on step platform (1).
6. The ecological wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plant assembly comprises a planting groove (18), the planting groove (18) is fixedly connected with the stair platform (1), the protection assembly is detachably connected with the planting groove (18), filling soil (19) is filled in the planting groove (18), and a plurality of plants (2) are planted on the filling soil (19).
7. The ecological wave-breaking structure of claim 6, wherein: protection component includes protection network (20) and guard ring (23), and is a plurality of all the cover is equipped with guard ring (23) on plant (2), and is a plurality of guard ring (23) all with protection network (20) rigid coupling, protection network (20) are laid fill out soil (19) top, protection network (20) with planting groove (18) can dismantle the connection.
8. The ecological wave-breaking structure of claim 7, wherein: plant groove (18) outside lateral wall rigid coupling and have a plurality of hooks (22), protection network (20) edge rigid coupling has a plurality of collar (21), and is a plurality of collar (21) cover is established one by one on hook (22).
9. The ecological wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: one side of the wave blocking block (4) close to the wave blocking groove (15) is provided with an arc-shaped recess.
10. The ecological wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of clapboards (17) are fixedly connected in the wave blocking groove (15), and a plurality of through holes (16) are formed in the side wall of the wave blocking groove (15) in a penetrating manner.
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