CN115679240B - High-energy plasma spray gun device and method for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder - Google Patents
High-energy plasma spray gun device and method for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN115679240B CN115679240B CN202211344770.9A CN202211344770A CN115679240B CN 115679240 B CN115679240 B CN 115679240B CN 202211344770 A CN202211344770 A CN 202211344770A CN 115679240 B CN115679240 B CN 115679240B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder, which comprises a gun body, a Y-shaped anode and a cathode, wherein the Y-shaped anode and the cathode are arranged in the gun body in a penetrating way, a cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is formed between the Y-shaped anode and the cathode, a cooling channel is formed between the cathode and the gun body, an insulating sleeve is arranged between the cathode and the Y-shaped anode, a working gas circuit and a cooling water circuit are respectively arranged on the insulating sleeve, a powder feeding channel is arranged on the peripheral surface of the rear end of the Y-shaped anode, and an included angle alpha=10-80 DEG between the powder feeding channel and the central axis of the cavity; the method of the invention comprises the following steps: the opening device is used for feeding working gas and cooling water, and feeding metal or ceramic powder into the Y-shaped channel structure for heating and melting to atomize. According to the high-energy plasma spray gun device, through the arrangement of the Y-shaped channel structure, the spray temperature and pressure of high-energy plasma jet flow are improved, refractory metal or high-melting-point ceramic powder is promoted to be fully melted to form liquid drops, fine and uniform atomized powder is obtained, and a high-quality coating is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special equipment for metal or ceramic powder, and particularly relates to a high-energy plasma spray gun device and method for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder.
Background
The high-energy plasma spraying technology is a novel spraying technology developed on the basis of the common atmospheric plasma spraying technology, has the advantages of high power, high energy density, high flying speed of sprayed particles and the like, and is the development direction of the plasma spraying technology in the future. The high-energy plasma spray gun is a device for forming and controlling high-energy plasma arc and conveying spraying materials and shielding gas, and is also a core component of the high-energy plasma spraying equipment. However, due to the high melting point of refractory metals and ceramic materials, it is difficult to sufficiently melt the refractory metals and ceramic materials by using a common high-energy plasma spray gun, and although increasing the spraying power is helpful for improving the melting degree of the refractory metals and ceramic materials, the problems of easy ablation of the anode and short service life are accompanied.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder aiming at the defects of the prior art. The device forms a Y-shaped channel structure by arranging the Y-shaped anode, so that the injection diameter of the high-energy plasma jet is gradually reduced, thereby carrying out strong mechanical compression on the high-energy plasma, improving the injection temperature and pressure of the high-energy plasma jet, promoting the full melting of refractory metal or high-melting point ceramic materials to form liquid drops, obtaining fine and uniform refractory metal or ceramic atomized powder, being beneficial to obtaining high-quality refractory metal or ceramic coating, and solving the problem that the service life is influenced by anode ablation caused by conventional increase of spraying power.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder is characterized by comprising a gun body, a Y-shaped anode and a cathode which are arranged in the gun body in a penetrating manner and are connected in a movable fit manner, wherein the rear end of the Y-shaped anode and the front end of the cathode extend out of the gun body, a cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is formed between the Y-shaped anode 1 and the cathode, a cooling channel is formed between the Y-shaped anode, the cathode and the gun body, an insulating sleeve is arranged between the periphery of the cathode and the inner wall of the gun body and between the periphery of the cathode and the inner wall of the Y-shaped anode, a working gas path communicated with the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma and a cooling water path communicated with the cooling channel are respectively formed in the insulating sleeve, a powder feeding channel communicated with the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the Y-shaped anode 1, and the included angle alpha = 10-80 degrees between the powder feeding channel and the central axis of the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma.
The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder is characterized in that the inlet of the powder feeding channel is connected with a rotary gas type powder feeding head, the rotary gas type powder feeding head is arranged on a powder feeding frame, and the powder feeding frame is fixedly arranged around the periphery of the Y-shaped anode.
The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder is characterized in that the rotary gas type powder feeding head is formed by an inner pipe and an outer pipe in a ring sleeved mode, the top end of the inner pipe is connected with a top feeding hole, the side wall of the outer pipe is connected with a lateral air inlet, and the lateral air inlet is communicated with a cavity between the inner pipe and the outer pipe.
The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder is characterized in that the number of powder feeding channels is 3-6, and the powder feeding channels are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the gun body extending out of the Y-shaped anode.
The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder is characterized in that water-cooling reinforcing blocks are distributed on the outer wall of the Y-shaped anode in the cooling channel.
The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder is characterized in that the cathode is a telescopic cathode moving along the central axis of the gun body.
In addition, the invention also discloses a method for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder by using the high-energy plasma spray gun device, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following specific processes: the high-energy plasma spray gun device is started, working gas is sent into the Y-shaped channel structure through the working gas path to form high-energy plasma, cooling water is sent into the cooling channel through the cooling water path to be cooled, and meanwhile, metal or ceramic powder is sent into the Y-shaped channel structure through the powder sending channel to interact with the high-energy plasma, so that the metal or ceramic powder is heated and melted, is torn and atomized under the high-speed shearing action of the high-energy plasma, and is cooled to form metal or ceramic atomized powder.
The method is characterized in that the particle size of the metal or ceramic powder is 10-100 mu m, and the particle size of the metal or ceramic atomized powder is 1-5 mu m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the high-energy plasma spray gun device, the Y-shaped anode is arranged to form the Y-shaped channel structure for accommodating high-energy plasma, so that the spray diameter of high-energy plasma jet is gradually reduced, the high-energy plasma is subjected to strong mechanical compression, the energy density and the speed of the high-energy plasma are improved, the spray temperature and the spray pressure of the high-energy plasma jet are improved, the full melting of refractory metal or high-melting-point ceramic powder to form liquid drops is promoted, fine and uniform refractory metal or ceramic atomized powder is obtained, and the refractory metal or ceramic coating with low porosity, low density and high bonding strength is facilitated to be obtained.
2. According to the high-energy plasma spray gun device, the included angle alpha=10-80 degrees between the powder feeding channel and the central axis of the cavity for containing high-energy plasma is arranged, so that refractory metal or ceramic powder forms a conical powder flow with small divergence and is rotationally converged from the circumference to the center of a circle, the movement path of the refractory metal or ceramic powder is prolonged, the contact area of the refractory metal or ceramic powder and high-temperature and high-energy plasma jet is increased, the refractory metal or ceramic powder is rapidly and fully heated and atomized in situ, fine and uniform refractory metal or ceramic atomized powder is obtained, the compactness of a coating formed by spraying is improved, and the porosity of the coating is reduced.
3. According to the high-energy plasma spray gun device, the cyclone type powder feeding head is connected to the powder feeding channel, and the top feeding port and the lateral air inlet are respectively arranged on the cyclone type powder feeding head, so that the independent conveying process of mixed gas-solid two-phase flow and turbulent gas is realized, vortex is generated by the turbulent gas and the mixed gas-solid two-phase flow in the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma, the formation of conical powder flow of refractory metal or ceramic powder is promoted, fine and uniform refractory metal or ceramic atomized powder is facilitated to be obtained, and loss of refractory metal or ceramic powder and blockage of the cyclone type powder feeding head are avoided.
4. According to the high-energy plasma spray gun device, the rotary gas type powder feeding head is connected to the powder feeding channel, so that refractory metal or ceramic powder enters the high-energy plasma in a rotary mode, the refractory metal or ceramic powder and the high-energy plasma are promoted to be fully mixed and interacted, and therefore the metal or ceramic powder with a large size (10-100 mu m) is fully heated and melted to be rapidly atomized into refractory metal or ceramic atomized powder with a small size (1-5 mu m), and the powder feeding efficiency is improved.
5. The high-energy plasma spray gun device is provided with the telescopic cathode to adjust the center distance between the cathode and the Y-shaped anode, so that the position, the shape and the size of a cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma are adjusted, the characteristic of high-energy plasma jet formed by high-energy plasma spray is effectively controlled, the adjustment is convenient according to the melting point performance of refractory metal or ceramic powder of different types, the energy waste is reduced while the sufficient melting of the refractory metal or ceramic powder is ensured, and the preparation cost is saved.
6. According to the invention, the water-cooling reinforcing blocks are distributed on the outer wall of the Y-shaped anode in the cooling channel, so that the contact area of the Y-shaped anode and cooling water is increased, the cooling effect of the cooling water introduced into the cooling channel on the Y-shaped anode is improved, and the adverse effect of high heat on the Y-shaped anode and the gun body is further reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-energy plasma torch apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between a cyclone type powder feeding head and a powder feeding frame in the high-energy plasma spray gun device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cyclone type powder feeding head in the high-energy plasma spray gun device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of zirconia ceramic powder of example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of atomized zirconia ceramic powder according to example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an SEM image of alumina ceramic powder of example 3 of the invention.
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of an alumina ceramic atomized powder according to example 3 of the invention.
FIG. 8 is an SEM image of an alumina ceramic atomized powder according to example 4 of the invention.
FIG. 9 is an SEM image of NiCoCrAlY alloy powder of example 5 of the invention.
FIG. 10 is an SEM image of atomized powder of NiCoCrAlY alloy in example 5 of the invention.
FIG. 11 is an SEM image of atomized powder of NiCoCrAlY alloy in example 6 of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
| 1-Y anode; | 2-a powder feeding channel; | 3-a water-cooling reinforcing block; |
| 4, a working gas path; | 5-cathode; | 6, a cooling water path; |
| 7-an insulating sleeve; | 8, gun body; | 9-a rotary air type powder feeding head; |
| 10-a top feed inlet; | 11-lateral air inlet; | 12-a powder feeding frame. |
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the high-energy plasma spray gun device of this embodiment includes a gun body 8, and a Y-shaped anode 1 and a cathode 5 penetrating in the gun body 8 and movably connected, wherein the rear end of the Y-shaped anode 1 and the front end of the cathode 5 both extend out of the gun body 8, a cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is formed between the Y-shaped anode 1 and the cathode 5, a cooling channel is formed between the Y-shaped anode 1, the cathode 5 and the gun body 8, an insulating sleeve 7 is arranged between the outer periphery of the cathode 5 and the inner wall of the gun body 8, and between the inner wall of the Y-shaped anode 1, a working gas circuit 4 communicated with the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma and a cooling water circuit 6 communicated with the cooling channel are respectively provided on the insulating sleeve 7, a powder feeding channel 2 communicated with the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the Y-shaped anode 1 extending out of the gun body 8, and the included angle α between the powder feeding channel 2 and the central axis α of the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is 10 ° to 80 °.
As shown in fig. 1, in the high-energy plasma spray gun device of the embodiment, a Y-shaped anode 1 and a cathode 5 which are movably connected in a matched manner are arranged in a gun body 8 with a main structure, and in general, the central axes of the Y-shaped anode 1 and the cathode 5 are overlapped and form the central axis of the gun body 8, so that the Y-shaped anode 1 and the cathode 5 are adjusted to a proper position and are stably arranged in the gun body 8 through matched connection, and the structural stability and the assembly flexibility of the high-energy plasma spray gun device are improved; the cavity for containing high-energy plasmas is formed between the Y-shaped anode 1 and the cathode 5, namely, the position, the shape and the size of the cavity for containing the high-energy plasmas are determined through the matched connection position of the Y-shaped anode 1 and the cathode 5, so that the field characteristics of high-energy plasma jet formed by high-energy plasma jet are controlled, the high-temperature and high-pressure characteristics of the high-energy plasma jet are ensured, the high-energy in-situ atomization of the fed refractory metal or ceramic powder is realized, and the stable and smooth in-situ spraying process is ensured; the shape structure of the Y-shaped anode 1 is Y-shaped, and the cavity formed between the Y-shaped anode 1 and the cathode 5 for accommodating high-energy plasma is of a Y-shaped channel structure, so that the jet diameter of the high-energy plasma jet is gradually reduced, the high-energy plasma is subjected to strong mechanical compression, the energy density and the speed of the high-energy plasma are improved, the jet temperature and the jet pressure of the high-energy plasma jet are improved, and the full melting of the high-melting-point ceramic material is promoted.
In this embodiment, a cooling channel is formed between the Y-shaped anode 1, the cathode 5 and the gun body 8, so that the cooling channel surrounds the periphery of the Y-shaped anode 1 and is used for cooling the Y-shaped anode 1 in real time, the adverse effect of high heat of high-energy plasma jet in a cavity on the Y-shaped anode 1 and the gun body 8 is reduced, the excessive temperature of in-situ atomization caused by overheating and burning loss of refractory metal or ceramic powder are avoided, and the efficient in-situ atomization process is ensured.
In the embodiment, the insulation sleeve 7 is arranged between the periphery of the cathode 5 and the inner walls of the gun body 8 and the Y-shaped anode 1, so that the cathode 5 is separated from and insulated from the gun body 8 and the Y-shaped anode 1, the risk of short circuit and even electric leakage caused by contact between the cathode 5 and the gun body 8 and the Y-shaped anode 1 is avoided, and the safety of in-situ atomization is improved; meanwhile, through set up with hold the working gas circuit 4 that the cavity communicates of the high-energy plasma on insulating sleeve 7, is used for inputting the working gas into holding the cavity of the high-energy plasma, the working gas is argon, hydrogen or argon and hydrogen mixed gas usually, the working gas forms the high-temperature, high-pressure plasma jet (usually above 5000K) through ionization under the effect of Y-type positive pole 1, negative pole 5, realized the in situ atomization to refractory metal or ceramic powder as the energy source, through set up on insulating sleeve 7 with cooling waterway 6 that the cooling channel communicates, is used for letting in the cooling water in the cooling channel, in order to absorb and carry the heat of transferring the high-energy plasma jet rapidly, has improved the real-time cooling efficiency.
In this embodiment, the rear end of the Y-shaped anode 1 and the front end of the cathode 5 are both extended from the gun body 8, and the front end of the gun body 8 extending from the cathode 5 is generally connected with an external power supply, so as to provide a strong electric field for forming high-energy plasma, and meanwhile, a powder feeding channel 2 communicated with a cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is formed on the peripheral surface of the rear end of the gun body 8 extending from the Y-shaped anode 1, so that refractory metal or ceramic powder is fed into the cavity through the powder feeding channel 2, and is mixed with high-temperature and high-energy plasma jet and heated to be quickly melted and atomized into fine droplets, and by setting the included angle alpha between the powder feeding channel 2 and the central axis of the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma to be 10-80 degrees, the fed refractory metal or ceramic powder forms a conical powder flow with small divergence along the central axis of the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma, and is circumferentially rotated and converged along the central axis, so that the high-temperature end of the high-energy plasma enters the high-temperature end of the high-energy plasma, the movement path of the refractory metal or ceramic powder is prolonged, the contact area between the refractory metal or ceramic powder and the high-temperature and the high-energy plasma jet is increased, the contact area between the refractory metal or ceramic powder and the high-temperature and the high-energy plasma jet is heated, so that the high-pressure heating rate is increased, and the high-pressure metal or ceramic powder is sprayed and the fine particles are fully atomized and atomized into fine droplets by the fine particles, and the fine metal particles formed on the high-temperature metal particles, such as the ceramic powder, and the fine spray particles are formed on the high-melting metal particles and the high-grade ceramic powder, and the high-ceramic powder, and the fine particles, and the fine metal powder is formed by the fine particles and the fine particles, and the fine particles, niCrAlY alloy powder particles or refractory ceramic materials, zirconia (ZrO) 2 ) Alumina (Al) 2 O 3 ) Chromium oxide (Cr) 2 O 3 ) With titanium oxide (TiO) 2 ) The ceramic powder is insufficient in melting, causes the phenomenon of high porosity in the formed coating, and is suitable for processing and preparing high-performance refractory metals and ceramic coatings. Generally, the higher the melting point of refractory metal and ceramic powder is, the smaller the included angle alpha between the powder feeding channel 2 and the central axis of the cavity for containing high-energy plasma is, and the alpha is set to be 10-80 degrees by comprehensively considering the processing difficulty factors.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, a cyclone type powder feeding head 9 is connected to the inlet of the powder feeding channel 2, the cyclone type powder feeding head 9 is mounted on a powder feeding frame 12, and the powder feeding frame 12 is fixedly encircling the outer periphery of the Y-type anode 1. In the embodiment, the cyclone powder feeding head 9 is connected at the inlet of the powder feeding channel 2, and the refractory metal or ceramic powder is fed into the cavity for accommodating the high-energy plasma through the powder feeding channel 2 by utilizing gas to perform in-situ atomization, so that the refractory metal or ceramic powder enters the high-energy plasma in a rotating mode, and the refractory metal or ceramic powder and the high-energy plasma are fully mixed and interacted, so that the refractory metal or ceramic powder with a large size (10-100 μm) is fully heated and melted, and further the refractory metal or ceramic atomized powder with a small size (1-5 μm) is rapidly atomized, and the powder feeding efficiency is improved; simultaneously, the rotary gas type powder feeding head 9 is arranged on the powder feeding frame 12, and the powder feeding frame 12 is fixedly arranged around the periphery of the Y-shaped anode 1, so that the connection stability of the rotary gas type powder feeding head 9 and the powder feeding channel 2 is ensured, the loosening and falling of the rotary gas type powder feeding head 9 are avoided, and especially the loosening and falling caused by the pressure generated in the rotary gas type powder feeding head 9 when gas is introduced into the powder feeding process are avoided, so that the stable and smooth in-situ atomization process is further ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, further, in this embodiment, the cyclone powder feeding head 9 is formed by sleeving an inner tube and an outer tube, the top end of the inner tube is connected with a top feeding port 10, the side wall of the outer tube is connected with a lateral air inlet 11, and the lateral air inlet 11 is communicated with a cavity between the inner tube and the outer tube. In the embodiment, the cyclone powder feeding head 9 is formed by arranging a cyclone powder feeding head ring sleeve on an inner pipe and an outer pipe to form an inner pipe inner cavity and two independent cavity spaces of the inner pipe ring sleeve cavity and the outer pipe ring sleeve cavity, meanwhile, the top end of the inner pipe is connected with a top feeding port 10, and the cyclone powder feeding head 9 is used for enabling mixed gas-solid two phases of refractory metal or ceramic powder and powder feeding gas to flow through the top feeding port 10 and enter the cyclone powder feeding head 9 and then enter a cavity containing high-energy plasmas through a powder feeding channel 2, so that an independent airflow powder feeding process is realized, and the lateral air inlet 11 is connected to the side wall of the outer pipe, and is communicated with the cavity between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, and the cyclone powder feeding head 9 is used for feeding turbulent gas through the lateral air inlet 11 and then enters the cavity containing high-energy plasmas through the powder feeding channel 2 and generates vortex with mixed gas-solid two-phase flow action, so that the refractory metal or ceramic powder is further promoted to form conical powder flow, and is rapidly and fully heated to form fine and uniform refractory metal or ceramic powder atomized; therefore, the mixed gas-solid two-phase flow and the interference gas in the embodiment are independent processes, and the mixed gas-solid two-phase flow and the interference gas are not interfered with each other and interact in the cavity for accommodating the high-energy plasma, so that the phenomenon that the mixed gas-solid two-phase flow and the interference gas act in the cyclone powder feeding head 9 to cause loss due to the fact that refractory metal or ceramic powder remains in the cyclone powder feeding head 9 and even block the cyclone powder feeding head 9 to influence the smooth proceeding of the powder feeding process is avoided.
Further, in this embodiment, the number of the powder feeding channels 2 is 3-6, and the powder feeding channels are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the gun body 8 extending out of the Y-shaped anode 1. In this embodiment, by increasing the number of powder feeding channels 2 and controlling the powder feeding channels 2 to be uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the rear end of the gun body 8 extending out of the Y-shaped anode 1, refractory metal or ceramic powder is uniformly fed into the cavity containing high-energy plasma through each powder feeding channel 2, so that the powder feeding efficiency is improved, the uniformity of mixing of the refractory metal or ceramic powder and high-temperature and high-pressure high-energy plasma jet is improved, and the uniformity of the size of the atomized refractory metal or ceramic powder is further improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, water-cooling reinforcing blocks 3 are distributed on the outer wall of the Y-shaped anode 1 in the cooling channel in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the water-cooling reinforcing blocks 3 are distributed on the outer wall of the Y-shaped anode 1 in the cooling channel, so that the contact area between the Y-shaped anode 1 and cooling water is increased, the cooling effect of the cooling water introduced into the cooling channel on the Y-shaped anode 1 is improved, and the adverse effects of high heat on the Y-shaped anode 1 and the gun body 8 are further reduced.
Further, the cathode 5 in this embodiment is a telescopic cathode that moves along the central axis of the gun body 8. In this embodiment, the cathode 5 is set to be a telescopic cathode moving along the central axis of the gun body 8, and the cathode 5 is moved back and forth along the central axis of the gun body 8 to be telescopic so as to adjust the center distance between the cathode and the Y-shaped anode 1, thereby adjusting the position, shape and size of the cavity for accommodating the high-energy plasma, and effectively controlling the characteristics of the high-energy plasma jet formed by high-energy plasma jet.
The method for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder according to the present invention is described in detail by examples 2 to 6.
Example 2
The preparation method of the embodiment comprises the following specific processes: the high-energy plasma spray gun device is started, an included angle alpha between the powder feeding channel 2 and the central axis of the cavity containing the high-energy plasma is set to be 30 degrees, working gas argon is fed into the Y-shaped channel structure through the working gas channel 4 to form the high-energy plasma, cooling water is fed into the cooling channel through the cooling water channel 6 to be cooled, meanwhile, zirconia ceramic powder (shown in figure 4) with the particle size of about 45 mu m is fed into the Y-shaped channel structure through the powder feeding channel 2 to interact with high-energy plasma jet flow, so that the zirconia ceramic powder is heated and melted and torn and atomized under the high-speed shearing action of the high-energy plasma to form fine zirconia ceramic liquid drops, and the zirconia ceramic atomized powder (shown in figure 5) with the particle size of 1 mu m-5 mu m is obtained through cooling.
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that: the included angle alpha between the powder feeding channel 2 and the central axis of the cavity for containing the high-energy plasma is 60 degrees, the adopted ceramic powder is alumina ceramic powder with the particle size of 80-100 mu m (shown in figure 6), and the alumina ceramic atomized powder with the particle size of about 5 mu m is obtained after atomization and cooling (shown in figure 7).
Example 4
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that: the included angle alpha between the powder feeding channel 2 and the central axis of the cavity for containing the high-energy plasma is 45 degrees, the adopted ceramic powder is alumina ceramic powder with the particle size of 80-100 mu m, and the alumina ceramic atomized powder with the particle size of about 3 mu m is obtained after atomization and cooling (as shown in figure 8).
Example 5
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that: the included angle alpha between the powder feeding channel 2 and the central axis of the cavity for containing the high-energy plasma is 10 degrees, the refractory metal powder is NiCoCrAlY alloy powder with the particle size of 50-70 mu m (shown in figure 9), and the NiCoCrAlY alloy atomized powder with the particle size of about 10 mu m is obtained after atomization and cooling (shown in figure 10).
Example 6
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that: the included angle alpha between the powder feeding channel 2 and the central axis of the cavity for containing the high-energy plasma is 80 degrees, the refractory metal powder is NiCoCrAlY alloy powder with the particle size of 50-70 mu m (shown in figure 9), and the NiCoCrAlY alloy atomized powder with the particle size of about 1-3 mu m is obtained after atomization and cooling (shown in figure 11).
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modification, variation and equivalent variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder is characterized by comprising a gun body (8) and a Y-shaped anode (1) and a cathode (5) which are arranged in the gun body (8) in a penetrating manner and are connected in a movable fit manner, wherein the rear end of the Y-shaped anode (1) and the front end of the cathode (5) extend out of the gun body (8), a cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is formed between the Y-shaped anode (1) and the cathode (5), a cooling channel is formed between the Y-shaped anode (1), the cathode (5) and the gun body (8), an insulating sleeve (7) is arranged between the periphery of the cathode (5) and the inner wall of the gun body (8) and the inner wall of the Y-shaped anode (1), a working air channel (4) communicated with the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma and a cooling water channel (6) communicated with the cooling channel are respectively formed in the insulating sleeve (7), a powder conveying channel (2) communicated with the cavity for accommodating high-energy plasma is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the Y-shaped anode (1), and the included angle alpha-80 degrees between the powder conveying channel and the cavity (2 = 80 degrees.
2. The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder according to claim 1, wherein a rotary gas type powder feeding head (9) is connected to the inlet of the powder feeding channel (2), the rotary gas type powder feeding head (9) is arranged on a powder feeding frame (12), and the powder feeding frame (12) is fixedly surrounded on the periphery of the Y-shaped anode (1).
3. The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder according to claim 2, wherein the cyclone powder feeding head (9) is formed by sleeving an inner tube and an outer tube, the top end of the inner tube is connected with a top feeding port (10), the side wall of the outer tube is connected with a lateral air inlet (11), and the lateral air inlet (11) is communicated with a cavity between the inner tube and the outer tube.
4. The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder according to claim 1, wherein the number of the powder feeding channels (2) is 3-6, and the powder feeding channels are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the gun body (8) extending out of the Y-shaped anode (1).
5. The high-energy plasma spray gun device for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder according to claim 1, wherein water-cooling reinforcing blocks (3) are distributed on the outer wall of the Y-shaped anode (1) in the cooling channel.
6. High energy plasma torch device for the in situ atomization of metal or ceramic powders according to claim 1, characterized in that the cathode (5) is a telescopic cathode moving along the central axis of the torch body (8).
7. A method for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder by using the high-energy plasma spray gun device as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following specific processes: starting a high-energy plasma spray gun device, sending working gas into a Y-shaped channel structure through a working gas path (4) to form high-energy plasma, sending cooling water into a cooling channel through a cooling water path (6) to cool, and simultaneously sending metal or ceramic powder into the Y-shaped channel structure through a powder feeding channel (2) to interact with the high-energy plasma so that the metal or ceramic powder is heated and melted and torn and atomized under the high-speed shearing action of the high-energy plasma, and forming metal or ceramic atomized powder after cooling.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the particle size of the metal or ceramic powder is 10 μm to 100 μm and the particle size of the metal or ceramic atomized powder is 1 μm to 5 μm.
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| CN202211344770.9A CN115679240B (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | High-energy plasma spray gun device and method for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder |
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| CN202211344770.9A CN115679240B (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | High-energy plasma spray gun device and method for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder |
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| CN115679240B true CN115679240B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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| CN115679240A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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