CN212451593U - Plasma spray gun - Google Patents

Plasma spray gun Download PDF

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Publication number
CN212451593U
CN212451593U CN202021331060.9U CN202021331060U CN212451593U CN 212451593 U CN212451593 U CN 212451593U CN 202021331060 U CN202021331060 U CN 202021331060U CN 212451593 U CN212451593 U CN 212451593U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cooling water
anode
cathode
sleeve
channel
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Withdrawn - After Issue
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CN202021331060.9U
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Chinese (zh)
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哥兹·马特乌斯
徐世霖
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Camc Surface Technology Jiangsu Co ltd
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Camc Surface Technology Jiangsu Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a plasma spray gun, which comprises a gun body, wherein a cooling water channel is arranged in the gun body, the cooling water channel comprises a cathode cooling water channel and an anode cooling water channel, the water inlet and the water outlet of the cathode cooling water channel and the anode cooling water channel are respectively converged, and the water inlet and the water outlet are both positioned at the end part of a gun base extending out of a sealing cover; the anode cooling water channel passes through the gun base, the connecting sleeve, the projecting ring of the insulating sleeve, the anode sheath and the wall body of the anode nozzle; the cathode cooling water channel is positioned in the gun base and the copper sleeve; the wall body of the anode nozzle, which is far away from one end of the cathode head, is also provided with a powder injection opening. The utility model discloses in traditional two-stage series connection cooling method, change the parallelly connected cooling method of one-level into. That is, after entering the spray gun, the cooling water is immediately divided into two pipelines which respectively flow through the anode and the cathode, so that the anode and the cathode can be fully cooled; the traditional powder spraying mode outside the gun is also changed into the mode that the powder is directly injected into the nozzle.

Description

Plasma spray gun
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a plasma spraying equipment field especially relates to a plasma spray gun.
Background
In the spray gun, the anode and cathode are separated by a ceramic insulator and a narrow gap. When proper direct current voltage is loaded between the two poles, electric arcs are generated between the two poles quickly. Plasma gas between the anode and cathode under the action of the arc, such as: argon, nitrogen, hydrogen or a mixture thereof is ionized very quickly. Atoms in the gas are ionized to produce positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons. The generation of ions and electrons accelerates the movement of current and generates a large amount of heat, and the temperature of the heat can reach about 20000 k. The airflow expanded by heating is ejected out through the opening of the anode. And injecting spraying powder at the spraying hole. The powder is either melted or brought into a semi-molten state under a high temperature gas stream. The high velocity gas stream entrains the powder particles and sprays them onto the workpiece to be machined to form a dense coating. However, the conventional plasma torch has a serious drawback in that the cooling water directly flows into the cathode after passing through the anode. The cooling water, which has been heated when flowing through the anode, greatly reduces its cooling effect, so that the cathode located in the center of the spray gun cannot be sufficiently cooled. This phenomenon results in a severe limitation of the power of the lance. The power is typically limited to within 60 kilowatts. In addition, the powder is injected radially outside the muzzle, so that the powder is heated and accelerated unevenly during plasma spraying, the spraying flame is very dispersed, and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a plasma spray gun.
The utility model discloses an innovation point lies in the utility model discloses in change traditional two-stage series connection cooling method into the parallelly connected cooling method of one-level. That is, after entering the spray gun, the cooling water is immediately divided into two pipelines which respectively flow through the anode and the cathode, so that the anode and the cathode can be fully cooled. Under the same conditions, the limited power of the spray gun is increased. The powder is directly injected into the nozzle, so that the powder is more fully and evenly heated, and simultaneously is more fully accelerated under the action of the airflow, and more focused spraying flame and particle flow are generated.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the technical proposal of the utility model is that: a plasma spray gun comprises a gun body, wherein the gun body comprises a copper sleeve and a cathode head positioned at one end of the copper sleeve, a cathode sheath is sleeved on the copper sleeve, a gun base is arranged at one end, away from the cathode head, of the cathode sheath, the gun base comprises a front seat, a middle seat and a rear seat which are sequentially arranged, the front seat is connected with the cathode sheath, a gas injection ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the front seat, a ceramic sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the gas injection ring, an insulating sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic sleeve, and a convex ring and the ceramic sleeve are clamped and connected on the inner wall of the insulating sleeve; the anode nozzle is arranged at one end, away from the copper sleeve, of the cathode head, the anode nozzle is fixed at one end of the insulating sleeve through an anode sheath, the anode sheath is locked on the insulating sleeve through a first locking sleeve, the anode nozzle is a cylindrical body, a spraying channel arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical body is arranged in the cylindrical body, the cathode head is inserted into one end of the spraying channel, an annular spraying channel is formed by the cathode head and the inner wall of the spraying channel, and the anode nozzle is locked and connected with the anode sheath through a second locking ring; a sealing cover is arranged at one end, away from the anode nozzle, of the insulating sleeve, a through hole extending out of a gun base rear seat is formed in the sealing cover, a connecting sleeve is arranged in the insulating sleeve, two ends of the connecting sleeve are respectively abutted against the sealing cover and the protruding ring, a plasma gas inlet is formed in the sealing cover, a cavity communicated with the plasma gas inlet is formed between the connecting sleeve and the gun base, an annular channel communicated with the annular spraying channel is formed between the ceramic sleeve and the cathode sheath, and a plurality of holes for communicating the cavity with the annular channel are formed in the gas spraying ring; a cooling water channel is arranged in the gun body and comprises a cathode cooling water channel and an anode cooling water channel, the water inlets and the water outlets of the cathode cooling water channel and the anode cooling water channel are respectively converged, and the water inlets and the water outlets are both positioned at the end parts of the gun base, which extend out of the sealing cover; the anode cooling water channel passes through the gun base, the connecting sleeve, the projecting ring of the insulating sleeve, the anode sheath and the wall body of the anode nozzle; the cathode cooling water channel is positioned in the gun base and the copper sleeve; and a powder injection port is also formed in the wall body at one end, far away from the cathode head, of the anode nozzle. The traditional two-stage series cooling mode is changed into a one-stage parallel cooling mode. That is, after entering the spray gun, the cooling water is immediately divided into two pipelines which respectively flow through the anode and the cathode, so that the anode and the cathode can be fully cooled. Under the same conditions, the limited power of the spray gun is increased. The powder is directly injected into the nozzle, so that the powder is more fully and evenly heated, and simultaneously is more fully accelerated under the action of the airflow, and more focused spraying flame and particle flow are generated.
Furthermore, the part of the anode cooling water channel, which is located in the anode nozzle wall body, comprises a plurality of anode cooling water inlet channels and a plurality of anode cooling water outlet channels, the anode cooling water inlet channels and the anode cooling water outlet channels are parallel to the axial direction of the spray channel, the anode cooling water inlet channels and the anode cooling water outlet channels are communicated with water at one end far away from the cathode head, and the anode cooling water outlet channels are located near the spray channel. The cooling effect at the anode nozzle is better.
Further, the anode cooling water outlet channels are arranged at equal intervals along the annular direction of the spraying channel. The cooling at the anode nozzle is more uniform.
Furthermore, a spacer sleeve is arranged in the gun base and inserted into the copper sleeve, the spacer sleeve is of an annular structure and divides the cathode cooling water channel into a cathode cooling water inlet channel and a cathode cooling water outlet channel, the cathode cooling water inlet channel is located outside the spacer sleeve, the cathode cooling water outlet channel is located in the spacer sleeve, and the end parts, located at the cathode head, of the spacer sleeve and the copper sleeve are provided with intervals so that the cathode cooling water inlet channel is communicated with the cathode cooling water outlet channel. The cooling efficiency at the cathode head is higher.
Furthermore, a protective gas injection port is also arranged on the wall body of the anode nozzle, the protective gas injection port is communicated with the powder injection port through a gas pipeline, and a communication point of the gas pipeline and the powder injection port is positioned at a position close to the injection channel; the powder injection port is located between the shielding gas injection port and the injection channel injection outlet. Under the action of the protective gas, the particles are prevented from forming deposition opposite to the injection port on the inner wall of the nozzle, so that the nozzle is blocked. Under the action of the protective gas, the sprayed particles, particularly the metal particles, are further protected from being oxidized in the air after leaving the nozzle, and the bonding strength of the coating is further improved.
Furthermore, the cathode head is made of metal tungsten. The heat resistance of the cathode head is further improved, so that the current between two stages can be further improved, and finally the power of the spray gun is improved.
Further, the length of the anode nozzle is more than or equal to 70 mm. And injecting spraying powder into the tail end of the lengthened anode nozzle. For conventional spray gun positive pole, the utility model discloses a lengthening anode nozzle, the plasma arc that the spray gun produced distributes between negative pole and positive pole, and the arc root distributes at negative pole front end and positive pole surface, and the density and the fluctuation stability of plasma arc have been decided to the size and the appearance of the surface space on negative pole front end and positive pole surface, so the utility model discloses a spray gun enables the more evenly distributed of arc root at the positive pole nozzle surface of longer smooth drum inner wall to make electric arc disperse more, delay the positive pole surface electric arc ablation that arouses because of electric arc density distributes inequality like this, guaranteed the stability of plasma arc itself again, extremely be favorable to improving the stability of technology, simultaneously in lengthening the nozzle, plasma jet after the thermal expansion is more fully obtained with higher speed than traditional spray gun.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model discloses in traditional two-stage series connection cooling method, change the parallelly connected cooling method of one-level into. That is, after entering the spray gun, the cooling water is immediately divided into two pipelines which respectively flow through the anode and the cathode, so that the anode and the cathode can be fully cooled. Under the same conditions, the limited power of the spray gun is increased. The powder is directly injected into the nozzle, so that the powder is more fully and evenly heated, and simultaneously is more fully accelerated under the action of the airflow, and more focused spraying flame and particle flow are generated.
2. The utility model discloses well negative pole head uses the metal tungsten material, further improves at negative pole head heat-resisting ability to electric current between the improvement bivalve that can be further, the power of final improvement spray gun.
3. The utility model discloses a relative to conventional spray gun positive pole, the utility model discloses a lengthening anode nozzle, the plasma arc that the spray gun produced distributes between negative pole and positive pole, and the arc root distributes at negative pole front end and positive pole surface, and the size and the appearance of the surface space on negative pole front end and positive pole surface have decided the density and the fluctuation stability of plasma electric arc, so the utility model discloses a spray gun enables the more evenly distributed of arc root at the positive pole nozzle surface of longer smooth drum inner wall to make electric arc more disperse, delay the positive pole surface electric arc ablation that arouses because of electric arc density distributes inequality like this, guaranteed the stability of plasma electric arc itself again, extremely be favorable to improving the stability of technology, simultaneously in lengthening the nozzle, plasma jet after the thermal expansion is restrainted and is more fully obtained accelerateed than traditional spray gun.
4. In the utility model, the protective gas injection port is added at the powder injection port, and under the action of protective gas, the particles can be prevented from forming deposition opposite to the injection port on the inner wall of the nozzle, so that the nozzle is blocked; under the action of the protective gas, the sprayed particles, particularly the metal particles, are further protected from being oxidized in the air after leaving the nozzle, and the bonding strength of the coating is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an anode nozzle.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plasma spray gun comprises a gun body 1, wherein the gun body 1 comprises a copper bush 2 and a cathode head 3 positioned at one end of the copper bush 2, and the cathode head 3 is made of metal tungsten. A cathode sheath 4 is sleeved on the copper sleeve 2, a gun base 5 is arranged at one end, far away from the cathode head 3, of the cathode sheath 4, the gun base 5 comprises a front seat 5.1, a middle seat 5.2 and a rear seat 5.3 which are sequentially arranged, the front seat 5.1 is connected with the cathode sheath 4, a gas injection ring 6 is sleeved on the outer wall of the front seat 5.1, a ceramic sleeve 7 is sleeved on the outer wall of the gas injection ring 6, an insulating sleeve 8 is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic sleeve 7, and a convex ring 8.1 is arranged on the inner wall of the insulating sleeve 8 and is clamped with the ceramic sleeve; cathode head 3 keeps away from 3 one ends of copper sheathing and is equipped with anode nozzle 9, anode nozzle 9 passes through anode sheath 10 to be fixed in 8 one ends of insulating cover, anode sheath 10 is through a lock sleeve locking 11 on insulating cover 8, anode nozzle 9 is the column body, be equipped with the injection passage 12 of arranging along column body axial direction in the column body, anode nozzle 9's length is greater than or equal to 70mm, cathode head 3 inserts the one end of injection passage 12, cathode head 3 and injection passage 12 inner wall form annular spraying channel 13. The anode nozzle 9 is in locking connection with the anode sheath 10 through a second locking ring 14; a sealing cover 15 is arranged at one end of the insulating sleeve 8, which is far away from the anode nozzle 9, a through hole extending out of the gun base rear seat 5.3 is arranged on the sealing cover 15, a connecting sleeve 16 is arranged in the insulating sleeve 8, two ends of the connecting sleeve 16 are respectively abutted against the sealing cover 15 and a protruding ring 8.1, a plasma gas inlet 17 is arranged on the sealing cover 15, a cavity 18 communicated with the plasma gas inlet is formed between the connecting sleeve 16 and the gun base 5, an annular channel 19 communicated with the annular spraying channel 13 is formed between the ceramic sleeve 7 and the cathode sheath 4, and a plurality of holes 6.1 communicated with the cavity 18 and the annular channel 19 are arranged on the gas spraying ring 6; a cooling water channel is arranged in the gun body 1, the cooling water channel comprises a cathode cooling water channel 20 and an anode cooling water channel 21, a water inlet 22 and a water outlet 23 of the cathode cooling water channel 20 and the anode cooling water channel 21 are respectively converged, and the water inlet 22 and the water outlet 23 are both positioned at the end part of the gun base 5 extending out of the sealing cover 15; the anode cooling water channel 21 passes through the gun base 5, the connecting sleeve 16, the projecting ring 8.1 of the insulating sleeve 8, the anode sheath 10 and the wall body of the anode nozzle 9; the part of the anode cooling water channel 21 in the wall body of the anode nozzle 9 comprises a plurality of anode cooling water inlet channels 21.1 and a plurality of anode cooling water outlet channels 21.2, the anode cooling water inlet channels 21.1 and the anode cooling water outlet channels 21.2 are parallel to the axial direction of the injection channel 12, the anode cooling water inlet channels 21.1 and the anode cooling water outlet channels 21.2 are communicated with water at one end far away from the cathode head 3, the anode cooling water outlet channels 21.2 are near the injection channel 12, and the anode cooling water outlet channels 21.2 are arranged at equal intervals along the annular direction of the injection channel 12. The cathode cooling water channel 20 is located in the gun base 5 and the copper sleeve 2, a spacer sleeve 25 is arranged in the gun base 5, the spacer sleeve 25 is inserted in the copper sleeve 2, the spacer sleeve 25 is of an annular structure, the spacer sleeve 25 separates the cathode cooling water channel 20 into a cathode cooling water inlet channel 20.1 and a cathode cooling water outlet channel 20.2, the cathode cooling water inlet channel 20.1 is located outside the spacer sleeve 25, the cathode cooling water outlet channel 20.2 is located in the spacer sleeve 25, and the end part of the spacer sleeve 25 and the end part of the copper sleeve located at the cathode head 3 are provided with a gap so that the cathode cooling water inlet channel 20.1 is communicated with the cathode cooling water outlet channel 20.2 through water. A powder injection port 24 is further formed in the wall body of one end, away from the cathode head 3, of the anode nozzle 9, a protective gas injection port 26 is further formed in the wall body of the anode nozzle 9, the protective gas injection port 26 is communicated with the powder injection port 24 through a gas pipeline 27, and the communication point of the gas pipeline 27 and the powder injection port 24 is located close to the injection channel 12; the powder injection port 24 is located between the shielding gas injection port 26 and the ejection outlet of the ejection channel 12. The parts of the gun body 1 are connected by a buckle, and a sealing ring can be arranged at the joint.
The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A plasma spray gun is characterized by comprising a gun body, wherein the gun body comprises a copper sleeve and a cathode head positioned at one end of the copper sleeve, a cathode sheath is sleeved on the copper sleeve, a gun base is arranged at one end, away from the cathode head, of the cathode sheath, the gun base comprises a front seat, a middle seat and a rear seat which are sequentially arranged, the front seat is connected with the cathode sheath, a gas injection ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the front seat, a ceramic sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the gas injection ring, an insulating sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic sleeve, and a convex ring and the ceramic sleeve are clamped and connected on the inner wall of the insulating sleeve; the anode nozzle is arranged at one end, away from the copper sleeve, of the cathode head, the anode nozzle is fixed at one end of the insulating sleeve through an anode sheath, the anode sheath is locked on the insulating sleeve through a first locking sleeve, the anode nozzle is a cylindrical body, a spraying channel arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical body is arranged in the cylindrical body, the cathode head is inserted into one end of the spraying channel, an annular spraying channel is formed by the cathode head and the inner wall of the spraying channel, and the anode nozzle is locked and connected with the anode sheath through a second locking ring; a sealing cover is arranged at one end, away from the anode nozzle, of the insulating sleeve, a through hole extending out of a gun base rear seat is formed in the sealing cover, a connecting sleeve is arranged in the insulating sleeve, two ends of the connecting sleeve are respectively abutted against the sealing cover and the protruding ring, a plasma gas inlet is formed in the sealing cover, a cavity communicated with the plasma gas inlet is formed between the connecting sleeve and the gun base, an annular channel communicated with the annular spraying channel is formed between the ceramic sleeve and the cathode sheath, and a plurality of holes for communicating the cavity with the annular channel are formed in the gas spraying ring; a cooling water channel is arranged in the gun body and comprises a cathode cooling water channel and an anode cooling water channel, the water inlets and the water outlets of the cathode cooling water channel and the anode cooling water channel are respectively converged, and the water inlets and the water outlets are both positioned at the end parts of the gun base, which extend out of the sealing cover; the anode cooling water channel passes through the gun base, the connecting sleeve, the projecting ring of the insulating sleeve, the anode sheath and the wall body of the anode nozzle; the cathode cooling water channel is positioned in the gun base and the copper sleeve; and a powder injection port is also formed in the wall body at one end, far away from the cathode head, of the anode nozzle.
2. The plasma torch of claim 1, wherein the portion of the anode cooling water passage located within the anode nozzle wall includes a plurality of anode cooling water inlet passages and a plurality of anode cooling water outlet passages, the anode cooling water inlet passages and the anode cooling water outlet passages are both parallel to the axial direction of the spray passage, the anode cooling water inlet passages and the anode cooling water outlet passages are in water communication at a end away from the cathode head, and the anode cooling water outlet passages are located near the spray passage.
3. The plasma torch according to claim 2, wherein the anode cooling water outlet passages are arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction of the spray passage.
4. The plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein a spacer is provided in the torch base, the spacer is inserted into a copper sleeve, the spacer is of an annular structure, the spacer separates the cathode cooling water passage into a cathode cooling water inlet passage and a cathode cooling water outlet passage, the cathode cooling water inlet passage is located outside the spacer, the cathode cooling water outlet passage is located in the spacer, and a distance is provided between the spacer and the copper sleeve at an end of the cathode head so that the cathode cooling water inlet passage and the cathode cooling water outlet passage are in water communication.
5. The plasma spray gun as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anode nozzle wall is further provided with a shielding gas injection port, the shielding gas injection port is communicated with the powder injection port through a gas pipeline, and a communication point of the gas pipeline and the powder injection port is positioned near the spray passage; the powder injection port is located between the shielding gas injection port and the injection channel injection outlet.
6. The plasma torch of claim 1, wherein the cathode tip is made of metallic tungsten.
7. The plasma torch of claim 1, wherein the length of the anode nozzle is greater than or equal to 70 mm.
CN202021331060.9U 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 Plasma spray gun Withdrawn - After Issue CN212451593U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202021331060.9U CN212451593U (en) 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 Plasma spray gun

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202021331060.9U CN212451593U (en) 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 Plasma spray gun

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CN212451593U true CN212451593U (en) 2021-02-02

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CN202021331060.9U Withdrawn - After Issue CN212451593U (en) 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 Plasma spray gun

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111621734A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-09-04 中机凯博表面技术江苏有限公司 Plasma spray gun
CN114107872A (en) * 2021-11-15 2022-03-01 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 On-site steel rail coating device and process based on plasma technology
CN115679240A (en) * 2022-10-31 2023-02-03 西安交通大学 High-energy plasma spray gun device and method for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111621734A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-09-04 中机凯博表面技术江苏有限公司 Plasma spray gun
CN111621734B (en) * 2020-07-09 2024-04-26 中机凯博表面技术江苏有限公司 Plasma spray gun
CN114107872A (en) * 2021-11-15 2022-03-01 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 On-site steel rail coating device and process based on plasma technology
CN115679240A (en) * 2022-10-31 2023-02-03 西安交通大学 High-energy plasma spray gun device and method for in-situ atomization of metal or ceramic powder
CN115679240B (en) * 2022-10-31 2023-11-14 西安交通大学 High-energy plasma spray gun device and method for in-situ atomizing metal or ceramic powder

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