CN115669940B - 一种具有辅助改善记忆功效的核桃多肽与dha复合乳液 - Google Patents
一种具有辅助改善记忆功效的核桃多肽与dha复合乳液 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有辅助改善记忆功效的核桃多肽与DHA复合乳液,所述核桃多肽自N端到C端的氨基酸序列为Glu‑Pro‑Glu‑Val‑Leu‑Arg,简写为EPEVLR;所述DHA为二十二碳六烯酸。将EPEVLR与DHA按照摩尔比为1:1~2:1混合后超声乳化制备的乳液具有协同健脑功效,且效果比单独使用EPEVLR和DHA好,实现了在减小EPEVLR和DHA用量同时提升了健脑功效,可应用于预防阿尔兹海默症、老年人改善记忆的药物、保健品及功能食品中。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健食品领域,具体涉及一种可改善学习和记忆的核桃多肽复合乳液。
背景领域
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种原因隐蔽的神经退行性疾病,严重影响着人类的健康,一直受到人们的高度关注。然而,100多年过去了,仍然没有有效的应对策略。据报道,多种因素促进了AD的进展,包括氧化应激、神经炎症、神经纤维缠结(NFTs)、淀粉样β(Aβ)肽沉积和胆碱能缺乏等,它们相互促进,加速了AD的进展。到目前为止,已有多种药物被批准用于轻中度AD,其中包括:多奈哌齐和非甾体抗炎药等。经过研究发现,它们总体的治疗效果是适度的,但是对长期疾病进展没有影响。而且,大多数AD治疗药物被证实有副作用,比如多奈哌齐会损伤肝功能,非甾体抗炎药使用后会出现头痛、头晕、耳鸣和尿蛋白等。需要开发更安全的策略。此外,AD患者在出现临床症状前15~20年,其病理就已经在其大脑中积累,AD其实是一种生物疾病的晚期阶段,早期预防很重要。因此,开发安全的早期预防策略对AD治疗十分重要。
最近,从植物蛋白中获得的肽被发现具有抑制AD病变发展所需的各种活性,并已经被证实是高生物相容性和低毒性的,逐渐被开发为一种疗法。到目前为止,已有几百种植物来源的肽被发现具有抗AD的活性。例如,在核桃肽中发现了抗氧化、抗炎、抗胆碱能不足和抗Aβ聚集的肽,在大米肽中发现了抗氧化和抗炎的肽,在麻籽肽中发现了抗胆碱能丢失,抗氧化和抗炎的肽,这些肽显示出提高小鼠学习和记忆的能力。然而,由于AD的发病机制过于复杂,导致植物源活性肽的单独使用还不足以满足预防AD发生的需要。所以,开发更有效的抗AD疗法十分重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种在降低核桃多肽用量同时提高改善学习和记忆能力的复合乳液。
本发明提供的复合乳液是将核桃多肽与DHA按照摩尔比为1:1~2:1混合超声乳化制得;所述核桃多肽自N端到C端的氨基酸序列为Glu-Pro-Glu-Val-Leu-Arg,以下简称为EPEVLR;所述DHA为二十二碳六烯酸。
作为优选,本发明复合乳液是将核桃多肽与DHA按照摩尔比为1:1~2:1加入生理盐水中,在30~80KHz频率下超声10~20分钟乳化制得。
上述核桃多肽与生理盐水的加量比为2mmol:4~5mL。
上述核桃多肽具有预防阿尔兹海默症的作用(见申请公布号为:CN113845566A的发明专利),在使用该核桃多肽时,可通过人工合成或核桃粕酶解后分离纯化获得。
上述DHA可通过鱼油提取获得。
上述生理盐水指质量浓度为0.9%~1.0%的氯化钠水溶液。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明借助中医治疗中,将多种具有疗效的中药混合使用,达到治疗疾病的效果的思路,将具有预防AD功效的核桃多肽EPEVLR与DHA、磷脂酰丝氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和神经酸分别进行复配,通过测定复配后抗氧化活性,使用CompuSyn软件判断复合的两种组分直接的相互作用关系。其中DHA与EPEVLR的复配具有协同功效。然后,在不同浓度比条件下,测试了EPEVLR与DHA的协同效应,确定了摩尔比为1:1~2:1时拥有最好的协同效果。将EPEVLR与DHA按照摩尔比为1:1~2:1混合,超声乳化后进行动物活体实验,验证其改善记忆的能力。根据行为学结果,EPEVLR和DHA的复配使用,可以增强改善学习和记忆能力,有利于减少核桃多肽和DHA的用量,同时协同发挥预防AD功效,比EPEVLR和DHA单独使用拥有更好的预防AD功效,可应用于预防AD和老年人改善记忆的药物、保健品及功能食品中。
附图说明
图1是不同EPEVLR与DHA复合比例的CI值。
图2是水迷宫实验中小鼠穿越平台次数。
图3是水迷宫实验中小鼠在平台所在象限路程占比。
图4是水迷宫实验中小鼠在平台所在象限有效停留时间。
图5是跳台实验中小鼠的错误次数。
图6是跳台实验中小鼠的第一次潜伏期。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围不仅限于这些实施例。
实施例1
(1)不同健脑物与EPEVLR的复合
选用了DHA、磷脂酰丝氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、神经酸分别与EPEVLR(2mmol)按照摩尔比为1:2加入5mL生理盐水中,在40KHz频率下超声10分钟制备成复合乳液。通过测试复合乳液的抗氧化活性,使用CompuSyn软件判断复合乳液中两种组分直接的相互作用关系。表1中结果为复合后CI值,CI<1表示为协同作用;CI=1表示为加和作用;CI>1表示为拮抗作用。
表1不同物质与EPEVLR复合的CI值
由表1可见,DHA和EPEVLR复合拥有最低的CI值,表明DHA与EPEVLR复合将拥有更好的协同效果。
(2)最佳EPEVLR与DHA的复合比例
将EPEVLR与DHA分别按摩尔比为10:1(2mmol:0.2mmol)、5:1(2mmol:0.4mmol)、4:1(2mmol:0.5mmol)、2:1(2mmol:1mmol)、1:1(2mmol:2mmol)、1:2(1mmol:2mmol)、1:4(0.5mmol:2mmol)、1:5(0.4mmol:2mmol)和1:10(0.2mmol:2mmol)加入5mL生理盐水中,在40KHz频率下超声10分钟制备成复合乳液。分别测试复合乳液的抗氧化活性,使用CompuSyn软件判断复合乳液的CI值,结果见图1。
(3)抗氧化实验
取2mL EPEVLR乙醇溶液、DHA乙醇溶液、不同浓度EPEVLR和DHA的混合溶液(无水乙醇配制)分别与2mL 5mg/100mL DPPH乙醇溶液混合,室温避光静置30min,517nm测定吸光值;空白组为2mLDPPH溶液加2mL无水乙醇,样品组为2mL样品溶液加2mLDPPH溶液,参比组为2mL无水乙醇加2mL样品溶液;样品的DPPH自由基清除活力根据下式进行计算:
DPPH·SC%=[A0-(A-B)]/A0×100%
式中A0为空白组吸光度值;A为样品组吸光度值;B为参比组吸光度值。所得DPPH自由基清除率被作为Fa值。
表2 EPEVLR、DHA以及不同EPEVLR和DHA复合比例的Fa值(2mL样品溶液)
注:表中n(EPEVLR)/n(DHA)为2mL样品溶液中EPEVLR和DHA的毫摩尔比,如10:1表示10mmol EPEVLR比1mmol DHA。
由表2和图1可见,EPEVLR与DHA在摩尔比例为1:1~2:1时表现出最高的Fa值和最低的CI值。说明DHA和EPEVLR的摩尔比为1:1~2:1时协同效果最好。
(4)EPEVLR与DHA复合预防AD活性的测试
通过小鼠实验验证EPEVLR与DHA复合物预防AD的活性。小鼠隔离检疫一周并进行适应性饲养,随机分组,主要有5组:正常对照组、模型组、EPEVLR组、DHA组、EPEVLR与DHA复合乳液组。模型组、EPEVLR组、DHA组、EPEVLR与DHA复合乳液组小鼠先进行D型半乳糖(D-gal)造模处理,两组小鼠接受500mg/kg/d连续皮下注射8周,自第5周开始,模型组同时灌胃生理盐水,EPEVLR组同时灌胃EPEVLR(80mg/kg/d),DHA组灌胃DHA(60mg/kg/d),EPEVLR与DHA复合乳液组是将DHA(11.8mg/kg/d)和EPEVLR(53.4mg/kg/d)按照摩尔比为1:2加入5mL生理盐水中,在40KHz频率下超声10分钟制备成复合乳液用于灌胃,正常对照组自由进食。饲养结束后,通过行为学实验验证预防AD的功效。小鼠的行为学实验主要分为跳台实验和水迷宫实验。训练四天后,开始测试。跳台实验结束30min后开始水迷宫实验。
水迷宫实验:水迷宫直径1.2m、高0.5m,站台直径0.09m、高0.3m,站台隐藏于水面之下1cm左右。向水池内注入自来水,水池的温度需要维持在23℃左右。参数设定为:游泳时间(60s)、平台上停留时间(10s)、选择小鼠实验模式,调整红线圆圈使之分别准确框定水池及平台范围。选择平台所在象限的对位象限为研究象限,将小鼠放入水中,立即用软件记录小鼠自入水、寻找平台到稳定爬上平台所需时间。小鼠若能在60s内爬上站台并稳定站立3s,记录使用时间;若入水后60s内未能找到站台则记录潜伏期为60s,并将小鼠引导上站台稳定站立15s后拿下来,休息30~60s再进行下一次训练,训练完成注意擦拭干小鼠毛发。
跳台实验:跳台为长方形反射箱,共有八个区域,底部铺以可通适当的电流的铜栅。每个小的区间有一个高和直径均为4.5cm的小平台。设置参数为:时间(5min)、刺激强度(0.6mA)。将小鼠放在铜栅上,待其情绪稳定后通电,记录每只小鼠受到电击的次数(错误次数),第一次跳下的时间(潜伏期)。
小鼠水行为学结果如图2~6所示,模型组通过D-gal造模后,其水迷宫实验中穿越平台次数、平台所在象限路程占比以及平台所在象限有效停留时间较正常对照组均明显降低,跳台实验中错误次数明显增加,第一次潜伏期也明显低于正常对照组,表明小鼠老化模型造模成功。EPEVLR和DHA分别灌胃后的小鼠,其行为学实验相关指标均显著优于模型组,表明EPEVLR和DHA均具有预防AD的功效。EPEVLR与DHA复合乳液灌胃后的小鼠,其行为学实验相关指标不仅优于模型组,而且优于EPEVLR组和DHA组,表明了EPEVLR与DHA的协同预防AD功效。
Claims (3)
1.一种具有辅助改善记忆功效的核桃多肽与DHA复合乳液,其特征在于,所述复合乳液是将核桃多肽与DHA按照摩尔比为1:1~2:1混合超声乳化制得;所述核桃多肽自N端到C端的氨基酸序列为Glu-Pro-Glu-Val-Leu-Arg,所述DHA为二十二碳六烯酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有辅助改善记忆功效的核桃多肽与DHA复合乳液,其特征在于,所述复合乳液是将核桃多肽与DHA按照摩尔比为1:1~2:1加入生理盐水中,在30~80KHz频率下超声10~20分钟乳化制得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的具有辅助改善记忆功效的核桃多肽与DHA复合乳液,其特征在于,所述核桃多肽与生理盐水的加量比为2mmol:4~5mL。
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