CN115669682A - Direct-seeding Zhanshui rice seed coating agent containing reduced iron powder, coating method and application thereof - Google Patents
Direct-seeding Zhanshui rice seed coating agent containing reduced iron powder, coating method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115669682A CN115669682A CN202110868811.3A CN202110868811A CN115669682A CN 115669682 A CN115669682 A CN 115669682A CN 202110868811 A CN202110868811 A CN 202110868811A CN 115669682 A CN115669682 A CN 115669682A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
A direct-seeding water-containing seed coating agent for paddy rice, a coating method and an application thereof, wherein the seed coating agent comprises reduced iron powder and a composite adhesive = 10: 1.0-5.5 by weight; wherein, the iron content in the reduced iron powder is more than or equal to 98.5 percent, the carbon content is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, the phosphorus content is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, the sulfur content is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, the silicon content is less than or equal to 0.20 percent, the manganese content is less than or equal to 0.4 percent, the hydrogen loss is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and the iron powder with the particle size of more than 400 meshes accounts for more than 70 percent of the total content of the reduced iron powder; the composite adhesive is formed by compounding calcium sulfate and calcium peroxide or aquatic feed adhesive. When coating, the invention increases the density of seeds and simultaneously greatly reduces the usage amount of iron powder, rice seeds after direct seeding have deeper soil falling, prevents the seeds from floating, protects the seeds from being pecked by birds, improves the germination rate by 9.0 to 16.7 percent compared with the uncoated rice seeds, increases the germination vigor, the emergence rate, the seedling aligning rate, the seedling quality and the low temperature resistance, prevents diseases in the seedling stage, controls weeds in the seedling stage, saves water and fertilizer, improves the resource utilization efficiency and reduces environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice seed coating agents, and particularly relates to a Zhanshui direct-seeding rice seed coating agent containing reduced iron powder, a coating method and application thereof.
Background
The rice is the most important food crop in China, the rice is staple food of more than 65% of population in China, meanwhile, china is also a world large country for rice production, the rice planting area is second to Indian, the rice planting area is listed in the second world, but the single yield and the total yield are the first world.
The rice planting modes are seedling raising and transplanting and direct seeding, but along with the aggravation of aging population, the rapid increase of farmers to workers, the drastic reduction of agricultural labor force, the rapid rise of labor force cost, the adjustment of planting structures and other problems, the traditional rice seedling raising and transplanting technology is restricted, and people are more inclined to a light, simple and efficient cultivation technology, especially direct seeding.
The direct seeding of rice is to directly seed dry rice seeds or wet rice seeds after seed soaking and germination accelerating into a field according to the required seeding quantity, and compared with a transplanting mode, the direct seeding method saves the links of seedling raising, seedling pulling and seedling transplanting, has the advantages of labor saving, cost saving, worry saving, high yield, high efficiency and the like, and gradually becomes an important cultivation mode for rice production.
The direct seeding of rice mainly includes two modes of direct seeding in water and direct seeding in dry land, and the density of rice seeds is 1.05-1.10g/cm 3 And the problems of different field falling depths, floating seeds, irregular germination, difficult weed control, easy damage to mice and birds and the like of the direct seeding rice seeds caused by uneven grain fullness are particularly prominent in the direct seeding of early rice on dry land. The water layer is established for direct water seeding, the water layer applied with base fertilizer is not discharged before seeding, the effects of heat preservation and moisture control are achieved, the method is not limited by external climatic conditions, seed soaking and germination acceleration are not needed, cold damage and grass are preventedLighter harm and fertilizer saving, etc.
The active ingredients of the seed coating agent in commercial quality at present mainly comprise pesticides and film-forming substances, and the seed coating agent has the functions of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage of crops, ensuring normal germination and growth of seeds and being incapable of solving key problems existing in direct seeding in many places; the iron powder is 50% of the seed weight when the seed coating agent is applied, the used iron powder is too much to bring harm to farmlands, the adhesive force is too strong, rust and chaff are difficult to rapidly separate after the seeds are sown and fall off, the germination speed is reduced, the germination rate is delayed for 3 days to reach the control level when compared with the uncoated seed coating agent, and the germination rate cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Zhanshui direct-sowing rice seed coating agent containing reduced iron powder, a coating method and application thereof, wherein the reduced iron powder and a proper adhesive are proportioned to coat rice seeds, so that the germination vigor, the emergence rate, the seedling aligning rate, the seedling quality and the low-temperature resistance are increased, diseases in the seedling stage are prevented, weeds in the seedling stage are controlled, water and fertilizer are saved, the resource utilization efficiency is improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, the problems of different land falling depths, floating seeds, irregular germination and the like existing in the current direct sowing of rice are solved, the germination vigor (namely the germination speed of the previous 3 days) is improved by 12.0-19.7% compared with that of uncoated rice seeds, and the germination rate is improved by 9.0-16.7% compared with that of uncoated rice seeds.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the Zhanshui direct seeding rice seed coating agent containing the reduced iron powder comprises the reduced iron powder and a composite adhesive = 10: 1.0-5.5 in weight ratio;
the reduced iron powder contains more than or equal to 98.5 percent of iron, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of carbon, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of silicon, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of manganese, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of hydrogen loss, and iron powder with the particle size of more than 400 meshes accounts for more than 70 percent of the total amount of the reduced iron powder; the composite adhesive is formed by compounding calcium sulfate and calcium peroxide or aquatic feed adhesive.
Preferably, the fine reduced iron to composite binder = 10: 1.0-2.94.
In the composite adhesive, the weight ratio of calcium sulfate to calcium peroxide is that the ratio of calcium sulfate to calcium peroxide is = 1: 0.6-2.4; or in the composite adhesive, the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the aquatic feed adhesive is that the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the aquatic feed adhesive is = 1: 0.06-0.24.
Furthermore, the aquatic feed adhesive is saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g is more than or equal to 1.00 multiplied by 10 8 。
Preferably, the iron powder having a particle size of more than 400 mesh accounts for 90% or more of the total amount of the reduced iron powder.
The seed coating agent is applied to coating of Zhanshui direct seeding rice seeds, wherein the mass ratio of Zhanshui direct seeding rice seeds to the seed coating agent is Zhanshui direct seeding rice seeds to seed coating agent = 100: 22.8-41.0, and preferably Zhanshui direct seeding rice seeds to seed coating agent = 100: 27.5-35.5.
A Zhanshui direct-seeding rice seed coating method comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing rice seeds and a seed coating agent according to the weight ratio of the rice seeds to the seed coating agent = 100: 22.8-41.0, coating 7 days before sowing, and uniformly coating different seed coating agent raw materials on the surfaces of the rice seeds in batches by adopting a spray wetting method during coating;
2) Spreading the coated rice seeds in a container in a thin layer, placing the container in a shade place for at least 7 days to ensure complete oxidation, spraying water to the coated rice seeds every day at the same time, slightly wetting the surface of the coated rice seeds when spraying the water, uniformly stirring, air-drying to promote rusting, and fully rusting the rice seeds to obtain the coated rice seeds.
Preferably, in the step 1), the proportion of the rice seeds, the reduced iron powder, the calcium sulfate and the calcium peroxide is that the ratio of the rice seeds to the reduced iron powder to the calcium sulfate to the calcium peroxide is = 100: 20-30: 2.5-5: 3-6; or the proportion of the rice seeds, the reduced iron powder, the calcium sulfate and the aquatic feed adhesive is that the proportion of the rice seeds, the reduced iron powder, the calcium sulfate and the aquatic feed adhesive is 100: 20-30: 2.5-5: 0.3-0.6.
Further, during coating in the step 1), dissolving calcium peroxide or aquatic feed adhesive in water to prepare a saturated solution, uniformly spraying the saturated solution on the surface of the rice seeds, adding the reduced iron powder 3 times in equal amount, fully stirring and mixing until the coating is uniform, adding the calcium sulfate 2 times in equal amount when adding the reduced iron powder 1 time and 2 times, and fully stirring and mixing until the coating is uniform.
Further, in the step 2), the obtained coated rice seed coating layer is reddish brown and stable without change.
According to the characteristics that a proper amount of iron powder is beneficial to the growth of animals and plants and harmless, the characteristics that the density of the iron powder is far greater than that of water and soil are utilized, the binding components such as calcium sulfate, calcium peroxide or aquatic feed adhesive are reasonably proportioned, the binding components are used for coating rice seeds, the reduced iron powder in a proper proportion with the rice seeds is fully oxidized and rusted in the air, and a uniform and complete red brown iron rust coating layer is formed on the surfaces of the rice seeds, so that the volume, the mass and the density of the rice seeds are increased, the load rate is 30-50%, and the density after coating is 1.15-1.50g/cm 3 The direct seeding machine has the advantages that the direct seeding soil falling depth is proper, the seeds are prevented from floating and being prevented from falling too deeply, the seeds are protected from being pecked by birds, the seedling standing is improved, and the problems of different land falling depths, floating seeds, irregular sprouting and the like existing in the current direct seeding of rice are solved.
In the reduced iron powder, more than or equal to 98.5 percent of iron, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of carbon, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of silicon, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of manganese and less than or equal to 0.2 percent of hydrogen loss, and if excessive impurities exist, the safety of the rice seeds coated by the iron powder is influenced.
Considering the uniform and complete coating effect, the invention requires that the iron powder with the particle size of more than 400 meshes accounts for more than 70 percent, preferably more than 90 percent and more preferably more than 95 percent of the total amount of the reduced iron powder, and if the iron powder with the particle size of less than 400 meshes is too much, the iron powder is not easy to coat the surface of the rice seeds, and even if the iron powder is coated, the iron powder is easy to fall off after oxidation and rusting in the later period.
According to the invention, the composite adhesive of calcium sulfate and calcium peroxide or saccharomyces cerevisiae is used, so that the adhesive force between iron powder and the surface of rice seeds can be increased, the falling of reduced iron powder is reduced, the dissolution and diffusion in water are slowed down, the calcium peroxide can properly provide oxygen, and the calcium peroxide is dissolved in water to release heat, thereby being beneficial to seed germination and improving the germination potential; the aquatic feed adhesive saccharomyces cerevisiae improves the bonding degree of iron powder and seeds, also can purify water quality and improve the germination environment, and the rice seeds coated by the coating agent of the invention have the germination rate improved by 9.0-16.7 percent compared with the uncoated rice seeds.
The seed coating agent has good coating uniformity, the coating is more uniform when calcium peroxide is used in the composite adhesive, the seeds are more easily adhered together when the aquatic feed adhesive is used, and the coating is complete and stable; when the using amount of the calcium peroxide is 4.5-6.0g/100g of seeds, the wrapping effect is good, the wrapping is uniform and complete, the iron powder is not easy to fall off before use, when the using amount is too much, the powder is easy to fall off from the surfaces of the seeds, and the whole color is whitened.
In the coating process, the reduced iron powder can kill germs and eggs attached to the surfaces of seeds by heat release and temperature rise in oxidation rusting, the outer iron oxide rust of the rice seeds after water sowing is fully contacted with water, the heat release and temperature rise are further realized, the water absorption germination and the rapid growth of root systems of the rice seeds are promoted, the breeding of diseases and insects is inhibited, a proper water layer is kept for a long time to ensure that the soil is anoxic, weeds are poisoned and killed in a seedling stage, the use of the herbicide is reduced, the spraying frequency of the herbicide in a rice field can be reduced from three times to one time conventionally, and the growth of the root systems of the rice, the quality of seedlings and the low temperature resistance are also promoted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the composite adhesive is selected and compounded by calcium sulfate and calcium peroxide or aquatic feed adhesive, so that the adhesive force between iron powder and the surface of rice seeds is increased, the falling of reduced iron powder is reduced, the dissolution and diffusion in water are slowed down, and the seed coating agent has good coating uniformity.
The invention selects a proper amount of harmless reduced iron powder which is beneficial to the growth of rice as a main component, and the invention can reduce the dosage of the iron powder by matching with the composite adhesive, the dosage ratio of rice seeds and the iron powder is controlled to be 100: 20-30, the load rate of the rice seeds is controlled to be 30-50% after rusting, and the density of the rice seeds is controlled to be 1.15-1.50g/cm after coating rusting 3 The depth of the falling soil is 1mm deeper than that of the uncoated rice seeds, and the amount of the iron powder is far lower than the recommended ratio of 100: 50 in the prior art, so that the use of the iron powder is greatly reduced.
The seed coating agent is used for coating seeds under the condition of water-swelling direct seeding of rice, a reddish brown rust coating layer can be formed on the surfaces of the seeds after coating, the volume, the quality and the density of the rice seeds are increased, iron powder is well bonded on the surfaces of the rice seeds, the dissolution and the diffusion in water are slowed down, the soil falling of the rice seeds after direct seeding is deeper, the seeds can be prevented from floating, the seeds are protected from being pecked by birds, the standing of seedlings is improved, the germination rate is improved, and uniform seeding and full seeding in one sowing are realized.
The seed coating agent of the invention generates heat in the iron powder oxidation and rusting process and when the seeds fall into the field to absorb water and germinate, and plays a certain role in high-temperature disinfection treatment on the seeds to prevent seedling diseases and insect pests; when a proper water layer is kept for a long time, the soil is anoxic, and long-time anaerobic respiration can cause the weed seeds to be poisoned and lose the vitality, so that the weed damage is effectively controlled; meanwhile, the water layer applied with the base fertilizer is not required to be discharged in the water-saving direct seeding of the rice, so that the water and the fertilizer can be saved, the utilization efficiency of the water and the fertilizer can be improved, the environmental pollution can be reduced, and the water-saving direct seeding device has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in production, low cost, convenience in use and the like.
Drawings
FIGS. 1 to 3 show the growth of the Huanghua-accounted rice plants at the 10 th day after sowing in example 5 of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 shows the case of rice seed/seed coating = 100: 50, FIG. 2 shows the case of rice seed/seed coating = 100: 25, and FIG. 3 shows the uncoated control group.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment, the seedlings are sown once in Miao Shizhi, and the germination number of the seeds reaches 85 percent of the basic seedling number within 3 days. The one-time sowing of the whole seedling means that the seeds are sown once and the germination number of the seeds reaches the basic seedling number within 7 days.
Example 1
A preparation method of a rice seed coating agent comprises the following steps:
weighing 100g of seeds, and then weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25g of reduced iron powder, 2.5g of calcium sulfate and 6.0g of calcium peroxide, wherein the particle size of the reduced iron powder with more than 400 meshes accounts for more than 70%, and the reduced iron powder specifically comprises the following components: particle size of 2027.8% of 0 mesh, 61.98% of 400 mesh, 9.22% of 600 mesh, and 2.9335g/cm 3 。
In idle winter or 7 days before sowing, dissolving 6.0g of calcium peroxide by water to obtain a saturated solution, then uniformly spraying the saturated solution on the surface of 100g of rice seeds, adding 25g of iron powder by 3 times in an equal amount, fully stirring and mixing until the rice seeds are uniformly wrapped, adding calcium sulfate by 2 times in an equal amount when adding the iron powder for the 1 st time and the 2 nd time, and fully stirring and mixing until the rice seeds are uniformly wrapped.
Spreading the coated seeds in a container, standing in shade for 7 days, spraying water, stirring and air drying every day to make the seeds fully rusted, the coated layer is reddish brown and stable, the weight of the coated rice seeds is not increased any more, so that the iron coated seeds are obtained, the weight of the seeds is increased by more than 30%, and the density of the rusted rice seeds is 1.30-1.50g/cm 3 。
Example 2
In idle winter or 7 days before sowing, 0.6g of feed adhesive is firstly dissolved by water to obtain saturated solution, then the saturated solution is uniformly sprayed on the surface of 100g of rice seeds, 25g of reduced iron powder is added in 3 times in equal amount, the mixture is fully stirred and mixed until the mixture is uniformly wrapped, 2.5g of calcium sulfate is added in 2 times in equal amount when the iron powder is added in the 1 st time and the 2 nd time, the mixture is fully stirred and mixed until the mixture is uniformly wrapped, the mixture is placed in a container to be thin and spread out and placed in a shady place for 7 days, water spraying, stirring and air drying are carried out every day to fully rust the seeds, the red brown color of a coating layer is stable and unchanged, the iron-coated seeds are obtained, the density of the rusted rice seeds is 1.20-1.35g/cm 3 。
Example 3
In idle winter or 7 days before sowing, dissolving 3.0g of calcium peroxide by water to obtain a saturated solution, uniformly spraying the saturated solution on the surface of 100g of rice seeds, adding 20g of reduced iron powder in 3 times of equal amount, fully stirring and mixing until the reduced iron powder is uniformly coated, adding 2.0g of calcium sulfate in 2 times of equal amount when adding the iron powder for the 1 st time and the 2 nd time, fully stirring and mixing until the reduced iron powder is uniformly coated, placing the reduced iron powder in a container to be thin and spread out, placing the container in a shade for 7 days, spraying water, stirring and air-drying every day to fully rust the seeds, enabling the red brown color of a coating layer to be stable and unchanged to obtain iron-coated seeds, wherein the density of the rusted rice seeds is within the range of the density of the iron-coated seeds1.25-1.45g/cm 3 。
Example 4
In idle winter or 7 days before sowing, 0.3g of feed adhesive is firstly dissolved by water to obtain saturated solution, then the saturated solution is uniformly sprayed on the surface of 100g of rice seeds, 20g of reduced iron powder is added in 3 times in equal amount, the mixture is fully stirred and mixed until the mixture is uniformly wrapped, 2.0g of calcium sulfate is added in 2 times in equal amount when the iron powder is added in the 1 st time and the 2 nd time, the mixture is fully stirred and mixed until the mixture is uniformly wrapped, the mixture is placed in a container to be thinly spread out and placed in a shady place for 7 days, water spraying, stirring and air drying are carried out every day to fully rust the seeds, the red brown color of a coating layer is stable and unchanged, the iron-coated seeds are obtained, the density of the rusted rice seeds is 1.15-1.30g/cm 3 。
Example 5 indoor seed Germination experiment
Selecting conventional rice Huanghuazhan which is reserved by farmers as a test object, wherein the specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
the experimental subjects were coated with 8 kinds of the coating agents of the present invention and the existing "Pinmeiren" as coating agents, respectively: in each group, 100g of rice seeds were treated with reduced iron powder and a binder for seed dressing and coating, 100 seeds were placed in a medium on which absorbent paper was spread, and left to germinate at 25 to 30 ℃ for 3 times, and the blank was treated with clear water, and "Pinmei" was a product available from Japan JFE Steel works, and was coated at the recommended amount, and the composition thereof was not disclosed.
The statistical investigation is carried out on the load rate and the germination condition of the rice seeds after different coating treatments, the low temperature resistance is embodied by investigating the seedling quality through the low temperature sowing of early rice, the seedling quality is investigated 12 days after the sowing, and the results are shown in figures 1-3 and table 1.
The 3-day germination vigor reflects the seedling aligning rate, the 7-day germination rate reflects the whole seedling rate, and investigation shows that the rice seeds in the embodiment of the invention have fast water absorption and high germination vigor, the germination rate is generally between 75 and 82 percent in the 2 nd day, the germination rate is stabilized to be more than 85 percent from the 3 rd day, while the rice seeds in the comparative example have slow germination, the germination rate of Pinmei and uncoated rice seeds is 73 percent in the 3 days, and the combined germination rate of the reduced iron powder and the calcium sulfate is 85 percent, but the total germination rate is still lower than that in the embodiment of the invention.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, the germination vigor and germination rate of rice seeds of the example group of the present invention were significantly higher than those of the other two groups; the seedlings of the example group had a leaf color significantly greener than those of the other two groups; the terminal buds of the seedlings of the treated groups grew well, while the other two groups of terminal buds curled a little; the treated group had a slightly higher height of seedlings than the other two groups, and had slightly thicker stems.
As can be seen from table 1, after the water direct seeding coating agent provided by the invention is used, the coating treatment load rate is appropriate, and the germination vigor and the germination rate of rice seeds are obviously improved and the seedling quality is improved compared with the blank control (uncoated) and the powder coating treatment.
The above description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate understanding and usage of the invention by those skilled in the art, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as equivalent or changed within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept thereof, and the present invention is covered thereby.
Claims (10)
1. A water-reducing direct-seeding rice seed coating agent containing reduced iron powder comprises reduced iron powder and a composite adhesive;
wherein, the weight ratio of the reduced iron powder to the composite adhesive is 10: 1.0-5.5;
the reduced iron powder contains more than or equal to 98.5 percent of iron, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of carbon, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of silicon, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of manganese, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of hydrogen loss, and iron powder with the particle size of more than 400 meshes accounts for more than 70 percent of the total amount of the reduced iron powder;
the composite adhesive is formed by compounding calcium sulfate and calcium peroxide or aquatic feed adhesive.
2. The direct water planting paddy rice seed coating agent containing reduced iron powder of claim 1, wherein the direct water planting paddy rice seed coating agent contains reduced iron powder and composite binder = 10: 1.0-2.94.
3. The direct water-spreading rice seed coating agent containing reduced iron powder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the composite binder, the weight ratio of calcium sulfate to calcium peroxide is = 1: 0.6-2.4; or calcium sulfate and aquatic feed adhesive = 1: 0.06-0.24, weight ratio.
4. The Zhanshui direct-seeding rice seed coating agent containing reduced iron powder according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the aquatic feed adhesive is saccharomyces cerevisiae, and a Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g is more than or equal to 1.00 x 10 8 。
5. The water-compatible direct-seeded rice seed coating agent containing fine reduced iron according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fine reduced iron has a particle size of more than 400 mesh and accounts for 90% or more of the total amount of the fine reduced iron.
6. The use of the seed coating of claim 1 in a coating of a Zhanshui direct-seeded rice seed, wherein the weight ratio of Zhanshui direct-seeded rice seed to seed coating is Zhanshui direct-seeded rice seed: seed coating = 100: 22.8-41.0.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein the seed coating = 100: 27.5-33.5.
8. A coating method for Zhanshui direct-seeding rice seeds comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing rice seeds and a seed coating agent according to the weight ratio of the rice seeds to the seed coating agent = 100: 22.8-41.0, coating 7 days before sowing, and uniformly coating different seed coating agent raw materials on the surfaces of the rice seeds in batches by adopting a spray wetting method during coating;
2) Spreading the coated rice seeds in a container in a thin layer, placing the container in a shade place for at least 7 days, spraying water to the coated rice seeds every day at the same time, slightly wetting the surface of the coated rice seeds when spraying water, uniformly stirring, air-drying to promote rusting, and fully rusting the rice seeds to obtain the coated rice seeds.
9. The method for coating paddy rice seeds with water according to claim 7, wherein in step 1), the ratio of the paddy rice seeds to the reduced iron powder to the calcium sulfate to the calcium peroxide is 100: 20-30: 2.5-5: 3-6; or the proportion of the rice seeds, the reduced iron powder, the calcium sulfate and the aquatic feed adhesive is that the proportion of the rice seeds, the reduced iron powder, the calcium sulfate and the aquatic feed adhesive is 100: 20-30: 2.5-5: 0.3-0.6.
10. The method for coating the Zhanshui direct-seeding rice seeds as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step 1), calcium peroxide or aquatic feed adhesive is dissolved in water to prepare a saturated solution, then the saturated solution is uniformly sprayed on the surfaces of the rice seeds, then the reduced iron powder is added in 3 times in equal amount and is fully stirred and mixed until the coating is uniform, and in the step 1 and the step 2, calcium sulfate is added in 2 times in equal amount and is fully stirred and mixed until the coating is uniform.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101786914A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-07-28 | 江苏三色源生物工程有限公司 | Microorganism fertilizer for promoting rice production, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104837329A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-08-12 | 株式会社久保田 | Method for coating seed with metal, and metal-coated seed |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101786914A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-07-28 | 江苏三色源生物工程有限公司 | Microorganism fertilizer for promoting rice production, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104837329A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-08-12 | 株式会社久保田 | Method for coating seed with metal, and metal-coated seed |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 谷福林: "降低成本的水稻栽培技术——过氧化钙包衣种子水直播", 《世界农业》, no. 10, 28 October 1986 (1986-10-28), pages 21 * |
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