CN115669581A - Method for reducing high dissolved oxygen of ice water in sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond - Google Patents
Method for reducing high dissolved oxygen of ice water in sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN115669581A CN115669581A CN202211188015.6A CN202211188015A CN115669581A CN 115669581 A CN115669581 A CN 115669581A CN 202211188015 A CN202211188015 A CN 202211188015A CN 115669581 A CN115669581 A CN 115669581A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing high dissolved oxygen in ice water of a sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond, which comprises the following steps: cutting an ice groove on the ice surface of the pond, and presetting plant straws communicated with the ice surface up and down in the ice groove; a black ice layer is made on the ice surface of the pond; and starting the water pushing machine arranged in the pond to disturb the water body. The supersaturation phenomenon of oxygen dissolved in ice in winter in the northern sea cucumber aquaculture pond can be effectively reduced, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water at the bottom of the pond reaches a safe range (lower than 10 mg/l), the water quality and the substrate environment of the pond are improved, the normal growth and development of the sea cucumbers are ensured, and the recapture rate and the unit per mu yield of the sea cucumbers in the pond are improved. Compared with the prior art, the invention improves the recapture rate of the sea cucumber by 15 to 30 percent and improves the weight gain rate of the sea cucumber by 25 to 70 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological breeding of sea cucumber ponds, in particular to a method for reducing high dissolved oxygen in icy water of a sea cucumber ecological breeding pond.
Background
At present, the pond culture of sea cucumbers is common, the period from the seeding to the finished sea cucumbers is usually 2 to 3 years, and the 'manual seedling picking' for the offshore net cage with great market demand needs to be cultured for 1.5 to 2 years. In the pond culture process, the dissolved oxygen in water is an important environmental factor in stichopus japonicus culture, and the low oxygen and the high oxygen are not beneficial to the growth of the stichopus japonicus. Sea cucumber is a famous 'scavenger' in marine animals, and mainly takes algae, bacteria, organic debris and the like at the bottom of a pond as food sources, so that a large amount of benthic algae are cultured in the pond in the existing ecological culture of the sea cucumber pond, on one hand, natural algae biological bait is provided for the sea cucumber, and on the other hand, the natural algae is utilized to scientifically regulate and control the water quality and the bottom quality of the sea cucumber pond, so that the biological three-dimensional oxygenation of the culture water body is realized, the growth speed of the sea cucumber is improved, the occurrence of diseases is reduced, and the high and stable yield is realized. However, since the sea cucumber pond culture cycle is at least one winter season, the water surface of the pond culture in the north of the sea cucumber is frozen in the winter season, which is also called ice sealing. A large amount of low-temperature-resistant algae survive in the pond from the stage of ice sealing to the stage of ice melting about one month (late winter and early spring), a large amount of dissolved oxygen is generated through photosynthesis, the excessive dissolved oxygen cannot be discharged due to the ice-sealed closed environment, the dissolved oxygen can be increased to more than 15mg/l in a short time, and part of ponds even exceed 25mg/l, so that the normal growth of sea cucumbers is seriously influenced. In addition, the content of dissolved oxygen in the sea cucumber pond before ice melting is too high, and the sea cucumber after ice melting is also very easy to generate bubble disease, so that the skin of the sea cucumber is melted, the intestines are spitted, the sea cucumber is dead, and the yield is reduced in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provides a method for reducing high dissolved oxygen in the ice water of a sea cucumber ecological culture pond.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a method for reducing high dissolved oxygen in ice-water of a sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1, cutting an ice groove on the ice surface of a pond and presetting plant straws communicated with the upper part and the lower part of the ice surface in the ice groove;
step 2, manufacturing a black ice layer on the ice surface of the pond;
and 3, starting a water pusher arranged in the pond to disturb the water body.
The steps 1 to 3 are preferably as follows:
step 1, cutting a plurality of strip ice grooves on a frozen and solid ice surface of a pond 13-17 days before spring festival, wherein the width of the strip ice grooves is 15-20cm, and the distance between the strip ice grooves is 13-17m; vertically fixing plant straws with the length of 0.8 to 1.2m at the notch of the long-strip ice groove, wherein the height from the top end of the plant straws to the ice surface is at least 5cm; when the temperature rises again after the spring festival and the light is strong in sunny days, the plant straws absorb heat to melt the contact surface of the plant straws and the ice surface firstly so as to form a plurality of micropores, the low-temperature-resistant algae at the bottom of the pond or the bottom of the pond breed greatly at this stage, and meanwhile, a large amount of dissolved oxygen generated by photosynthesis can slowly diffuse into the atmosphere through the micropores between the straws and the ice surface so as to reduce the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the water in the pond;
step 2, dissolving sodium humate or sea mud in pond water to prepare muddy water 15-20 days after spring festival, and spraying the muddy water on the ice surface of the pond by a mud pump to reduce the illumination intensity of the pond under ice to 500-1000 lx, reduce the illumination intensity of the pond under ice in sunny days, weaken the photosynthesis of algae at the bottom of the pond and further reduce the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the pond water;
and 3, starting a water pusher arranged in the pond 10-15 days before the ice surface of the pond is boiled to enable the water in the pond to slowly flow, and further reducing various gases in the water body under the ice, particularly the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water in the pond.
The invention utilizes plant straws frozen on the ice surface to manufacture micropores, manually manufactures the black ice and starts the water pusher to make water flow, can effectively reduce the supersaturation phenomenon of gas such as oxygen dissolved in the ice in winter of the sea cucumber aquaculture pond in the north, ensures that the oxygen dissolved in the water at the bottom of the pond reaches a safe range (lower than 10 mg/l), improves the water quality and the substrate environment of the pond, ensures the normal growth and development of the sea cucumber, and improves the recapture rate and the unit per mu yield of the sea cucumber in the pond. Compared with the prior art, the invention improves the recapture rate of the sea cucumber by 15 to 30 percent and improves the weight gain rate of the sea cucumber by 25 to 70 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a matched comprehensive technical scheme for quickly reducing supersaturated dissolved oxygen and other gases in a full-period fertilized water sea cucumber aquaculture pond in late winter and early spring, preventing the sea cucumber in the pond from being damaged by high-concentration dissolved oxygen after going out of a reef,
the recapture rate of the sea cucumbers in the experimental group is 92.7 percent, and the average weight gain rate of the sea cucumbers reaches 198.6 percent; the recapture rate of the sea cucumbers in the control group is 63.8 percent, and the average weight gain rate of the sea cucumbers is 134.5 percent.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the method for reducing the high dissolved oxygen content of the ice water in the sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond comprises the following steps:
step 1, cutting a plurality of strip ice grooves on a frozen and solid ice surface of a pond 13 days before spring festival, wherein the width of the strip ice grooves is 15cm, and the distance between the strip ice grooves is 13m; vertically fixing plant straws with the length of 0.8-1.0 m at a notch of a long-strip ice tank, wherein the height from the top end of each plant straw to an ice surface is 5cm;
step 2, dissolving sodium humate or sea mud in pond water to prepare muddy water 15 days after spring festival, and spraying the muddy water on the ice surface of the pond by using a mud pump to reduce the illumination intensity of the pond under ice to 500 lx;
and 3, starting a water pusher arranged in the pond to enable the water in the pond to slowly flow 10 days before the ice surface of the pond is boiled.
Experiment:
in 11 months in winter in the north, sea cucumbers with the average weight of 30.2g are thrown into two sea cucumber ecological culture ponds (ponds for culturing algae and culturing sea cucumbers with rich water in a full period) with the pond areas of 40 mu, the water temperature is 8.5 ℃, the water depth is 1.7-2.0m, benthic algae are fully distributed at the bottom of the ponds, the environment is excellent, and a large amount of sludge is avoided. The two ponds are respectively an experimental group and a control group, and the density of the sea cucumbers put in the ponds is the same. The experimental group was treated by the method of example 1 of the present invention, and the control group was prior art, i.e., not treated by the method of example 1 of the present invention.
After 6 months of pond culture, the experimental result shows that: the recapture rate of the sea cucumbers in an experimental group is 93.6 percent, and the average weight gain rate of the sea cucumbers reaches 295.2 percent; the recapture rate of the sea cucumbers in the control group is 78.2 percent, and the average weight gain rate of the sea cucumbers is 236.3 percent. Illustrating the advantages of the process of the present invention over the prior art.
Example 2:
the method for reducing the high dissolved oxygen content of the ice water in the sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond comprises the following steps:
step 1, digging a plurality of strip ice grooves on a frozen and solid ice surface of a pond 17 days before spring festival, wherein the width of the strip ice grooves is 20cm, and the distance between the strip ice grooves is 17m; vertically fixing plant straws with the length of 1.1-1.2m at a notch of a long-strip ice groove, wherein the height from the top end of each plant straw to an ice surface is 15cm;
step 2, preparing muddy water by dissolving sodium humate or sea mud in pond water 20 days after spring festival, and spraying the muddy water on the ice surface of the pond by using a mud pump to reduce the illumination intensity of the pond under the ice to 1000 lx;
and 3, starting a water pusher arranged in the pond to enable the water in the pond to slowly flow 15 days before the ice surface of the pond is boiled.
Experiment:
in 11 months in winter in the north, sea cucumbers with the average weight of 26.8g are thrown into two sea cucumber ecological culture ponds (ponds for culturing algae and culturing sea cucumbers with rich water in a full period) with the pond areas of 32 mu, the water temperature is 7.3 ℃, the water depth is 1.8-2.1m, benthic algae are fully distributed at the bottom of the ponds, the environment is excellent, and a large amount of sludge is avoided. The two ponds are respectively an experimental group and a control group, and the density of the sea cucumbers put in the ponds is the same. The experimental group was treated by the method of example 2 of the present invention, and the control group was prior art, i.e., not treated by the method of example 2 of the present invention.
After 6.5 months of pond culture, the experimental result shows that: the recapture rate of the sea cucumbers in the experimental group is 95.7 percent, and the average weight gain rate of the sea cucumbers reaches 254.5 percent; the recapture rate of the sea cucumbers in the control group is 70.2 percent, and the average weight gain rate of the sea cucumbers is 225.3 percent. Illustrating the advantages of the process of the present invention over the prior art.
Example 3:
the method for reducing the high dissolved oxygen content in the ice-water of the sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps 1-3 are as follows:
step 1, digging a plurality of strip ice grooves on a frozen and solid ice surface of a pond 15 days before spring festival, wherein the width of the strip ice grooves is 18cm, and the distance between the strip ice grooves is 15m; vertically fixing plant straws with the length of 0.9-1.0 m at the notch of the long-strip ice tank, wherein the height from the top end of the plant straws to the ice surface is at least 10cm;
step 2, preparing muddy water by dissolving sodium humate or sea mud in pond water 18 days after spring festival, and spraying the muddy water on the ice surface of the pond by using a mud pump to reduce the illumination intensity of the pond under the ice to 800 lx;
and 3, starting a water pusher arranged in the pond to enable the water in the pond to slowly flow 12 days before the ice surface of the pond is boiled.
Experiment:
in 11 months in winter in the north, the sea cucumbers with the average weight of 42.5g are put into two sea cucumber ecological culture ponds (ponds for culturing the algae and culturing the sea cucumbers in full-period) with the pond areas of 54 mu, the water temperature is 8.2 ℃, the water depth is 1.5-2.2m, benthic algae are fully distributed at the bottom of the ponds, the environment is excellent, and a large amount of sludge does not exist. The two ponds are respectively an experimental group and a control group, and the density of the sea cucumbers put in the ponds is the same. The experimental group was treated by the method of example 2 of the present invention, and the control group was prior art, i.e., not treated by the method of example 2 of the present invention.
After 6.5 months of pond culture, the experimental result shows that: the recapture rate of the sea cucumbers in the experimental group is 92.7 percent, and the average weight gain rate of the sea cucumbers reaches 198.6 percent; the recapture rate of the sea cucumbers in the control group is 63.8 percent, and the average weight gain rate of the sea cucumbers is 134.5 percent. Illustrating the advantages of the process of the present invention over the prior art.
Claims (2)
1. A method for reducing high dissolved oxygen in ice-water of a sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, digging an ice groove on the ice surface of a pond, and presetting plant straws communicated with the ice surface up and down in the ice groove;
step 2, manufacturing a black ice layer on the ice surface of the pond;
and 3, starting a water pusher arranged in the pond to disturb the water body.
2. The method for reducing the high dissolved oxygen content in the ice-water of the sea cucumber ecological aquaculture pond according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps 1-3 are as follows:
step 1, digging a plurality of long-strip ice grooves on a frozen and solid ice surface of a pond 13-17 days before spring festival, wherein the width of each long-strip ice groove is 15-20cm, and the distance between every two long-strip ice grooves is 13-17m; vertically fixing plant straws with the length of 0.8 to 1.2m at the notch of the long-strip ice groove, wherein the height from the top end of the plant straws to the ice surface is at least 5cm;
step 2, dissolving sodium humate or sea mud in pond water to prepare muddy water 15-20 days after spring festival, and spraying the muddy water on the ice surface of the pond by a mud pump to reduce the illumination intensity under the ice of the pond to 500-1000 lx;
and 3, starting a water pusher arranged in the pond to enable the water in the pond to slowly flow 10-15 days before the ice surface of the pond is boiled.
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