CN115655373A - Multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system and method for offshore platform jacket structure - Google Patents
Multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system and method for offshore platform jacket structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean platform safety monitoring, in particular to a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system and a method for an ocean platform jacket structure, wherein a sensing optical cable which is formed by gathering a strain monitoring optical fiber, a sound wave monitoring optical fiber and a temperature monitoring optical fiber is arranged through a polyvinyl chloride protective sleeve; the system comprises a distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit, a distributed optical fiber sound wave sensing demodulation unit and a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing demodulation unit; a high-speed acquisition card for receiving the sensing signal; a signal comprehensive processing unit for performing 3D visualization processing on the signals of the acquisition card; and the upper computer displays the processing result and gives an alarm when the processing result is abnormal, and the traditional optical fiber monitoring method is to use an optical fiber grating to carry out point-type monitoring on the jacket structure and record the strain change of the monitoring point so as to realize the structure monitoring. The multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for the offshore platform jacket structure has high-density monitoring points, so that the overall jacket structure can be monitored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean platform safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system and a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring method for an ocean platform jacket structure.
Background
Under the condition that the external dependence of other mineral resources such as petroleum, natural gas and the like is continuously increased in various countries, the method has important strategic significance in promoting the marine resource detection. The ocean platform is used as an infrastructure for detecting and developing ocean resources, and provides an offshore operation and living environment. The jacket of the ocean platform plays a role in supporting the whole platform, but the jacket is complex in structure and high in construction cost, needs to be used in a complex and severe ocean environment for a long time, and not only needs to bear various loads from the upper chunk of the ocean platform, drilling and production equipment, workers and the like, but also needs to face the problems of natural disasters, emergencies, structural corrosion and other events. Once a problem occurs in the jacket structure, the safety of personnel of offshore platform workers can be seriously threatened and economic loss is caused.
Therefore, according to the complexity of the marine environment where the ocean platform is located, in order to guarantee safe production and personnel safety, the state of the jacket structure is monitored in real time, and early warning is carried out on the abnormity of the jacket structure so as to avoid safety accidents.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for an offshore platform jacket structure, and the invention further provides a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring method for the offshore platform jacket structure.
The invention is realized in this way, a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system of an ocean platform jacket structure, comprising:
the sensing optical cable is formed by gathering a strain monitoring optical fiber, a sound wave monitoring optical fiber and a temperature monitoring optical fiber through a polyvinyl chloride protective sleeve;
the distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit, the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing demodulation unit and the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing demodulation unit are respectively used for demodulating the strain monitoring optical fiber, the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber and the temperature monitoring optical fiber;
a high-speed acquisition card for receiving the sensing signal;
a signal comprehensive processing unit for performing 3D visualization processing on the signals of the acquisition card;
and the upper computer displays the processing result and gives out warning when the structure is abnormal, the ship body is impacted, the temperature is abnormal and the natural frequency of the structure is abnormal.
Further, the sensing optical cable penetrates into the jacket, and the strain monitoring optical fiber is attached to the inner wall of the jacket in a side fit mode.
Further, the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing demodulation unit comprises a first acousto-optic modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a first circulator, a first optical fiber coupler and a first photoelectric balance detector, a laser beam with the center wavelength of 1550nm is input into the acousto-optic modulator through the narrow linewidth frequency stabilized laser, after being amplified by the first erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, detection pulse light is injected into the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber through the first circulator, backward Rayleigh scattering light is continuously generated in the transmission process of the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber by the pulse light, the backward Rayleigh scattering light is converted into an electric signal through the first photoelectric balance detector after being coupled by the first optical fiber coupler, and the electric signal is collected by a high-speed collection card to obtain the acoustic wave monitoring information of the jacket structure.
Further, the distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit comprises a second acoustic optical modulator, a pulse amplifier, an optical filter, a second circulator, a second optical fiber coupler, a second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and a second photoelectric balance detector, wherein a laser beam with the center wavelength of 1550nm is input into the second acoustic optical modulator through a narrow-linewidth frequency stabilizing laser, after passing through the pulse amplifier and the optical filter, the detection pulse light is injected into the strain monitoring optical fiber through the second circulator, the pulse light generates spontaneous brillouin scattering light in the transmission process of the strain monitoring optical fiber, the scattering light has a certain frequency shift, the spontaneous brillouin scattering light is converted into an electric signal through the second photoelectric balance detector after being coupled in the second optical fiber coupler and amplified by the second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, the electric signal is collected by using a high-speed acquisition card, and the strain monitoring information of the jacket structure is obtained through the corresponding relationship between the frequency shift and the stress of the brillouin scattering signal
Further, the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing demodulation unit comprises: the device comprises a third acousto-optic modulator, a third circulator, a third optical fiber coupler, a light splitter and a third photoelectric balance detector, wherein a laser beam with the center wavelength of 1550nm is input into the third acousto-optic modulator, the modulated detection pulse light is injected into a temperature monitoring optical fiber through the third circulator, the pulse light generates backward Raman scattering light in the transmission process of the temperature monitoring optical fiber, the Raman scattering light is divided into reference light and the backward scattering light carrying temperature information through the light splitter after being coupled through the third coupler, the light intensity of the reference light and the light intensity of the backward scattering light are calculated, and then the temperature monitoring information of the catheter frame structure is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the traditional optical fiber monitoring method, point-type monitoring is carried out on the jacket structure by using an optical fiber grating, and the strain change of the monitoring point is recorded to realize structure monitoring. The multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for the offshore platform jacket structure has high-density monitoring points, so that the overall jacket structure can be monitored (the whole optical fiber is in a detectable range in the length of the jacket). In addition, three kinds of sensing optical fibers are arranged in the optical transmission cable used by the system, parameters such as strain, sound waves and temperature can be measured simultaneously, the system provides safety guarantee for production and life of the ocean platform, and meanwhile, parameter data stored in the upper computer also provides a foundation for structural evaluation of the whole jacket in the future.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for an offshore platform jacket structure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for a marine platform jacket structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensing cable according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a fiber routing for a jacket;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating details of one jacket fiber routing, according to one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for an ocean platform jacket structure, which comprises: the system comprises a sensing optical cable, a distributed optical fiber strain sensing (DSS) demodulation unit, a distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing (DAS) demodulation unit, a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing (DTS) demodulation unit, a signal comprehensive processing unit and an upper computer. The monitoring system is located as follows, as shown in fig. 1:
the output end of the jacket in which the sensing optical cable is arranged is respectively connected to the input end of the distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit, the input end of the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing demodulation unit and the input end of the distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit through the hydrophone optical cable; the output end of the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing demodulation unit, the output end of the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing demodulation unit and the output end of the distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit are connected to the input end of the signal comprehensive processing unit; and the output end of the signal comprehensive processing unit is connected to the input end of the upper computer.
Referring to fig. 2, the sensing optical cable is a sensing optical cable in which the strain monitoring optical fiber, the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber and the temperature monitoring optical fiber are gathered together through the polyvinyl chloride protective sleeve, and the axes of the cross sections of the three optical fibers are in an equilateral triangle shape.
The schematic layout of the sensing cable in the jacket is shown in fig. 3 and 4, wherein when the sensing cable is laid, attention is paid to the side of the strain monitoring fiber which is close to the inner wall of the jacket to obtain a good coupling relationship between the strain monitoring fiber and the jacket structure.
The distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing demodulation unit comprises a first acousto-optic modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a first circulator, a first optical fiber coupler and a first photoelectric balance detector, a beam of laser with the central wavelength of 1550nm is input into the acousto-optic modulator through a narrow-linewidth frequency stabilized laser, after the laser is amplified through the first erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, detection pulse light is injected into an acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber through the first circulator, backward Rayleigh scattering light is continuously generated by the pulse light in the transmission process of the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber, the laser emitted by the backward Rayleigh scattering light and the narrow-linewidth frequency stabilized laser is converted into an electric signal through the first photoelectric balance detector after the first optical fiber coupler is coupled, the electric signal is collected through a high-speed collection card, and acoustic wave monitoring information of a catheter rack structure is obtained.
The distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit comprises a second acoustic optical modulator, a pulse amplifier, an optical filter, a second circulator, a second optical fiber coupler, a second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and a second photoelectric balance detector, a laser beam with the center wavelength of 1550nm is input into the second acoustic optical modulator through a narrow-linewidth frequency stabilized laser, the laser beam passes through the pulse amplifier and the optical filter and is injected into the strain monitoring optical fiber through the second circulator, the pulse light generates spontaneous Brillouin scattering light in the transmission process of the strain monitoring optical fiber, the scattering light has certain frequency shift, the laser beam emitted by the spontaneous Brillouin scattering light and the narrow-linewidth frequency stabilized laser is coupled through the second optical fiber coupler and is amplified through the second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, the coupled laser beam is converted into an electric signal through the second photoelectric balance detector, the electric signal is acquired through a high-speed acquisition card, and the strain monitoring information of the guide pipe frame structure is further obtained through the corresponding relation between the frequency shift and the stress of the Brillouin scattering signal.
Strain monitoring information of the jacket structure is obtained through the corresponding relation between the frequency shift and the stress of the Brillouin scattering signal, as shown in formula (1). (v is the Brillouin frequency shift, ε is the strain, T is the fixed temperature, E is the Young's modulus, k is the Poisson's ratio, λ 0 is the incident light wavelength, ρ is the density of the optical fiber medium, and n is the refractive index).
The distributed optical fiber temperature sensing demodulation unit comprises: the third optical fiber coupler is a bidirectional coupler, a laser beam with the center wavelength of 1550nm is input into the third acoustic optical modulator, the modulated detection pulse light is injected into the temperature monitoring optical fiber through the third circulator, the pulse light generates backward Raman scattering light in the transmission process of the temperature monitoring optical fiber, the laser light emitted by the narrow-linewidth frequency stabilized laser is coupled through the third coupler, the Raman scattering is divided into reference light and backward scattering light (a Stokes light intensity signal and an anti-Stokes light) carrying temperature information through the optical splitter, the reference light and the backward scattering light (the light intensities of the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light) are converted into electric signals through the optical diode, the light intensities of the reference avalanche light and the backward scattering light are calculated, and the temperature monitoring information of the jacket structure is calculated through light intensity information demodulation.
The whole multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for the jacket structure of the ocean platform comprises three parts, namely jacket structure sound wave monitoring, jacket structure strain monitoring and jacket structure temperature monitoring, wherein the three monitoring parts respectively monitor the jacket structure from three angles, strain and temperature, monitoring signals are respectively subjected to moving average difference and phase reduction processing, wavelet denoising processing and linear accumulation average processing, then 3D visualization processing is carried out, real-time display and storage are carried out on an upper computer, and the flow chart of the multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for the jacket structure of the ocean platform is shown in figure 5.
It is worth mentioning that the traditional jacket structure monitoring method is to use fiber gratings to perform point monitoring on the jacket structure, record the strain change of the monitoring point to realize structure monitoring, and only monitor the strain parameters of the jacket structure. The multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for the offshore platform jacket structure has high-density monitoring points, so that the monitoring of the whole jacket structure can be realized. In addition, three sensing optical fibers are arranged in the sensing optical cable used by the system, parameters such as strain, sound waves and temperature can be measured simultaneously, the system provides safety guarantee for production and life of the ocean platform, and meanwhile, parameter data stored in the upper computer also provides a foundation for structural evaluation of the whole jacket in the future.
The invention arranges a sensing optical cable in a jacket structure of an ocean platform, lasers positioned in DAS, DSS and DTS demodulation units emit continuous light, the lasers are modulated into detection pulse light by modulators, the detection pulse light is transmitted in a strain monitoring optical fiber, a sound wave monitoring optical fiber and a temperature monitoring optical fiber, and corresponding scattered light is generated in the optical fiber at the moment: generating backward spontaneous Brillouin scattering in the strain monitoring optical fiber, generating backward Rayleigh scattering in the sound wave monitoring optical fiber and generating backward Raman scattering in the temperature monitoring optical fiber, wherein scattered light is collected by the demodulation unit and converted into digital signals to be uploaded to the comprehensive data processing unit, the processed data is subjected to 3D visualization processing, and a processing result is displayed on the upper computer and stored. When the monitoring system finds that the structure is abnormal, the ship body is impacted, the temperature is abnormal and the natural frequency of the structure is abnormal, the monitoring system reminds workers to pay attention and process in time.
The invention provides a multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring method for an ocean platform jacket structure,
the method comprises the following steps: penetrating a sensing optical cable into a jacket, wherein the sensing optical cable is formed by gathering a strain monitoring optical fiber, a sound wave monitoring optical fiber and a temperature monitoring optical fiber through a polyvinyl chloride protective sleeve, and the strain monitoring optical fiber is attached to the inner wall of the jacket;
inputting a laser beam with the central wavelength of 1550nm into a strain monitoring optical fiber, a sound wave monitoring optical fiber or/and a temperature monitoring optical fiber;
the laser is amplified to continuously generate backward Rayleigh scattering light in the transmission process of the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber, and the backward Rayleigh scattering light is coupled with the emitted laser and then converted into an electric signal to obtain acoustic wave monitoring information of the jacket structure;
the method comprises the steps that laser generates spontaneous Brillouin scattering light in the transmission process of a strain monitoring optical fiber after amplification and optical filtering, the scattering light has certain frequency shift, the spontaneous Brillouin scattering light is coupled with emitted laser, then the spontaneous Brillouin scattering light is converted into an electric signal after amplification, and then strain monitoring information of a jacket structure is obtained through the corresponding relation between the frequency shift and stress of a Brillouin scattering signal;
the detection pulse light after the laser is modulated is injected into the temperature monitoring optical fiber, the pulse light generates backward Raman scattering light in the transmission process of the temperature monitoring optical fiber, the backward Raman scattering light is divided into reference light and the backward scattering light carrying temperature information through light splitting after being coupled with the emitted laser, the light intensity of the reference light and the backward scattering light is calculated, and then the temperature monitoring information of the jacket structure is obtained.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an ocean platform jacket structure multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system which characterized in that includes:
the sensing optical cable is formed by gathering a strain monitoring optical fiber, a sound wave monitoring optical fiber and a temperature monitoring optical fiber through a polyvinyl chloride protective sleeve;
the distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit, the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing demodulation unit and the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing demodulation unit are respectively used for demodulating the strain monitoring optical fiber, the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber and the temperature monitoring optical fiber;
a high-speed acquisition card for receiving the sensing signal;
a signal comprehensive processing unit for performing 3D visualization processing on the signals of the acquisition card;
and the upper computer displays the processing result and gives out warning when the structure is abnormal, the ship body is impacted, the temperature is abnormal and the natural frequency of the structure is abnormal.
2. The multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for an offshore platform jacket structure according to claim 1, wherein the sensing optical cable penetrates into the jacket and laterally attaches strain monitoring optical fibers to the inner wall of the jacket.
3. The multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for the offshore platform jacket structure according to claim 1, wherein the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing demodulation unit comprises a first acoustic-optical modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a first circulator, a first optical fiber coupler and a first photoelectric balanced detector, a beam of laser with a center wavelength of 1550nm is input into the acoustic-optical modulator through a narrow-linewidth frequency-stabilized laser, the laser is amplified by the first erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, detection pulse light is injected into the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber through the first circulator, the pulse light continuously generates backward rayleigh scattering light in the transmission process of the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber, the laser emitted by the backward rayleigh scattering light and the narrow-linewidth frequency-stabilized laser is coupled by the first optical fiber coupler and then converted into an electrical signal through the first photoelectric balanced detector, and the electrical signal is collected by a high-speed collection card, so that the acoustic wave monitoring information of the jacket structure is obtained.
4. The multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for the offshore platform jacket structure according to claim 1, wherein the distributed optical fiber strain sensing demodulation unit includes a second acoustic optical modulator, a pulse amplifier, an optical filter, a second circulator, a second optical fiber coupler, a second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and a second photoelectric balanced detector, a laser beam with a center wavelength of 1550nm is input into the second acoustic optical modulator through a narrow-linewidth frequency-stabilized laser, the detected pulse light is injected into the strain monitoring optical fiber through the second circulator after passing through the pulse amplifier and the optical filter, the pulse light generates a self-brillouin scattering light during the transmission process of the strain monitoring optical fiber, the scattering light has a certain frequency shift, the self-brillouin scattering light and the laser beam emitted by the narrow-linewidth frequency-stabilized laser are converted into an electrical signal after being coupled by the second optical fiber coupler and then amplified by the second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, the electrical signal is collected by the second photoelectric balanced detector, and then the electrical signal is collected by a high-speed collection card, and then the strain monitoring information of the jacket structure is obtained through the corresponding relationship between the frequency shift and the stress.
5. The multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring system for an offshore platform jacket structure according to claim 1, wherein the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing demodulation unit comprises: the third acousto-optic modulator is a bidirectional coupler, a laser beam with the central wavelength of 1550nm is input into the third acousto-optic modulator, the modulated detection pulse light is injected into the temperature monitoring optical fiber through the third circulator, the pulse light generates backward Raman scattering light in the transmission process of the temperature monitoring optical fiber, after the coupling of the third circulator, the Raman scattering light is divided into reference light and backward scattering light carrying temperature information through the beam splitter, the light intensity of the reference light and the backward scattering light is calculated, and further the temperature monitoring information of the catheter rack structure is obtained.
6. A multi-parameter distributed real-time monitoring method for an ocean platform jacket structure is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps: penetrating a sensing optical cable into a jacket, wherein the sensing optical cable is formed by gathering a strain monitoring optical fiber, a sound wave monitoring optical fiber and a temperature monitoring optical fiber through a polyvinyl chloride protective sleeve, and the strain monitoring optical fiber is attached to the inner wall of the jacket;
inputting a laser beam with the central wavelength of 1550nm into a strain monitoring optical fiber, a sound wave monitoring optical fiber or/and a temperature monitoring optical fiber;
the laser is amplified to continuously generate backward Rayleigh scattering light in the transmission process of the acoustic wave monitoring optical fiber, and the backward Rayleigh scattering light is coupled with the emitted laser and then converted into an electric signal to obtain acoustic wave monitoring information of the jacket structure;
the method comprises the steps that laser generates spontaneous Brillouin scattering light in the transmission process of a strain monitoring optical fiber after amplification and optical filtering, the scattering light has certain frequency shift, the spontaneous Brillouin scattering light is coupled with emitted laser, then the spontaneous Brillouin scattering light is converted into an electric signal after amplification, and then strain monitoring information of a jacket structure is obtained through the corresponding relation between the frequency shift and stress of a Brillouin scattering signal;
the detection pulse light after the laser is modulated is injected into the temperature monitoring optical fiber, the pulse light generates backward Raman scattering light in the transmission process of the temperature monitoring optical fiber, the backward Raman scattering light is divided into reference light and the backward scattering light carrying temperature information through light splitting after being coupled with the emitted laser, the light intensity of the reference light and the backward scattering light is calculated, and then the temperature monitoring information of the jacket structure is obtained.
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