CN115637981B - In-situ operation method for improving ore-forming efficiency of submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element - Google Patents
In-situ operation method for improving ore-forming efficiency of submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of precious metal gold elements in a submarine ore body, in particular to an in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold elements. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body currently being formed; calculating the ore-forming efficiency of gold element in the selected submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body; drilling holes on two side flanks of the hydrothermal sulfide ore body; oxygen is injected into the hot liquid jet, and simultaneously, the fluid of the hot liquid jet is continuously extracted. The method effectively improves the ore-forming efficiency of noble metal gold elements in the submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body, and realizes the great increase of the economic value of the ore body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of precious metal gold elements in a submarine ore body, in particular to an in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold elements.
Background
Gold is one of the rarest and most precious elements in the crust and is also a key and useful component in subsea hydrothermal sulphides, the content and scale of which in sulphide tends to determine the economic value of the whole ore body. In areas such as the ocean ridge, island arc and post-arc basin, only a very small part of gold sprayed out of the ocean bottom along with hot liquid fluid accumulates in the near-nozzle hot liquid sulfide stack every year, and the rest of gold mostly is diffused and settled in the wide and square metal-containing sediment along with the far-end hot liquid plume or is directly dissolved into seawater. The low ore-forming efficiency of noble metal gold in hot liquid sulfide under natural conditions has great influence on the economic value of sulfide ore bodies, and the development and the utilization of the novel mineral resources by human beings are seriously restricted.
Currently, related theoretical basis and method for manually intervening gold element enrichment and mineralization on submarine hydrothermal sulfide are not mature, and technical means are relatively deficient. Therefore, there is a need for an in-situ operation method that effectively improves the mineralization efficiency of subsea hydrothermal sulfide gold elements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an in-situ operation method suitable for improving the ore-forming efficiency of gold elements in submarine sulfides, so that the ore-forming efficiency of noble metal gold elements in submarine hydrothermal sulfide ores is effectively improved, and the economic value of the ores is greatly increased.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body currently being formed;
s2, calculating the ore formation efficiency eta of gold elements in the selected submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body;
s3, drilling holes on two side flanks of the hydrothermal sulfide ore body;
s4, injecting oxygen into the hot liquid nozzle, and continuously extracting fluid of the hot liquid nozzle;
s5, after the operation of the step S4 is continued for a preset time period, the gold element ore-forming efficiency of the newly formed hydrothermal sulfide is recalculated according to the step S2, and the operations of the steps S3 and S4 are repeated.
In the present invention, the subsea hydrothermal sulfide ore body selected in step S1 comprises a sulfide stack formed on the sea floor or offshore floor by the currently active ore-forming hydrothermal fluid in the region of the ocean crest, island arc, or post-arc basin.
In step S2, the ore formation efficiency η of the gold element is equal to a value obtained by dividing the total amount of the gold element in the hydrothermal sulfide ore body formed in a certain period by the total amount of the gold element transported by the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid in the certain period, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein n represents the direction from the top to the bottom of the hot liquid sulfide ore body, the hot liquid sulfide ore body is divided into n depth-of-layer segments,
ω sulfide of the ith depth stage Representing the gold element content of the sulfide in the i-th depth stage,
G sulfide of the ith depth stage Representing the sulfide weight of the i-th depth segment, calculated by multiplying the measured density of the i-th depth segment drilled core by the volume of the depth segment,
ω fluid body Representing the elemental gold content of the hydrothermal vent fluid,
(T sulfide bottom -T Sulfide top ) Representing the time for which the hot fluid is continuously erupting, which time value is obtained by the age difference between the bottom and top of the sulfide,
Q fluid body Representing the volumetric flow rate of the fluid at the hydrothermal vent ρ Fluid body Representing the density of the fluid.
In the step S3, drilling holes are respectively formed on the side wings of the sulfide ore body at a certain distance, the distance between every two adjacent drilling holes is 1/10-1/5 of the length of the long axis of the pile body on the sea bottom surface, and the drilling depth is determined by drilling into the upwelling area of the hydrothermal fluid.
After the drilling in the step S3, after the hot liquid fluid is sprayed out of the drilling, a new hot liquid nozzle is formed on the flank of the hot liquid sulfide ore body, and oxygen and hot liquid nozzle fluid are injected into the natural nozzle of the hot liquid sulfide ore body and the hot liquid nozzle formed after the drilling in the step S3.
In the step S4, continuously extracting oxygen from the ship body through an oxygen pump, and injecting oxygen into the hot liquid nozzle through an oxygen pipe, wherein the injection amount and the injection speed of the oxygen are determined by enabling the content of hydrogen sulfide in the nozzle fluid to be zero, and stopping injecting the oxygen when the content of hydrogen sulfide in the nozzle fluid is detected to be reduced to zero; and when the content of the hydrogen sulfide in the jet fluid is detected to be larger than zero again, continuing to inject oxygen into the hot liquid jet.
In step S4, at the hot liquid nozzle, the submerged arc fluid flowing out of the hot liquid nozzle is continuously pumped by the pump, and the pumping rate of the fluid is ensured to be higher than the spraying rate of the fluid.
In step S5, the gold element ore-forming efficiency of the newly formed hydrothermal sulfide ore body is calculated again according to step S2, whether the gold element ore-forming efficiency is improved is judged, relevant parameters in steps S3 and S4 are modified according to the efficiency change condition, and steps S3 and S4 are repeated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method, through the methods of drilling holes, injecting oxygen into the nozzles, continuously extracting the hot liquid fluid, quantitatively calculating and comparing the gold element ore-forming efficiency before and after the operation, the range and degree of water-rock reaction are increased, the cooling of the fluid is accelerated, the availability of reduced sulfur is reduced, the pressure of the fluid is reduced to promote the occurrence of phase separation and other targets, so that the hot liquid fluid can leach noble metal gold from the deep part of the crust as much as possible and is enriched in submarine hydrothermal sulfide, and the ore-forming efficiency of gold element is improved. The method has the advantages of strong operability, low investment and the like, can realize long-term stable and safe operation in the development and utilization process of the seabed polymetallic sulfide, and realizes the improvement of economic value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical section and borehole of a hydrothermal sulfide ore body.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than those herein described, and those skilled in the art may readily devise numerous other arrangements that do not depart from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of the submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element comprises the following steps.
In a first step, subsea hydrothermal sulfide ore bodies are selected that are currently being formed.
The selected submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body in the application is a sulfide stack formed on the sea bottom surface or the offshore bottom surface by the active ore-forming hydrothermal fluid in areas such as a middle ocean ridge, an island arc or a post-arc basin.
And secondly, calculating the ore-forming efficiency eta of gold element in the selected submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body.
In this step, the ore formation efficiency η of the gold element is equal to a value obtained by dividing the total amount of the gold element in the hydrothermal sulfide ore body formed during a certain period by the total amount of the gold element transported by the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid during the period, the total amount of the gold element transported by the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid being the total amount of gold carried out of the surrounding rock and supplied by the deep-mining-slurry component.
Along the top-to-bottom direction of the hot liquid sulfide ore body, the hot liquid sulfide ore body is divided into n depth segments, and the depth value of each depth segment is generally determined by the depth difference between two adjacent positions with obvious change of mineral and structural characteristics in a core section obtained by drilling. Layering test by fire test method to obtain gold element content omega of sulfide in each depth section Sulfide of the ith depth stage Obtaining sulfide weight G corresponding to each depth section by measuring density of drilling rock core of each depth section multiplied by volume of each depth section Sulfide of the ith depth stage The gold element content of sulfide in each depth section is multiplied by the sulfide weight in each depth section to obtain the mass of gold element in each depth section, and then the gold element mass in each depth section is added to obtain the total amount of gold element in the hydrothermal sulfide ore body in a certain period.
Obtaining gold element content omega of hydrothermal jet fluid through anion exchange pre-enrichment treatment and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) Fluid body By the age difference (T Sulfide bottom -T Sulfide top ) Calculating to obtain the continuous eruption time of the fluid, and obtaining the volume flow Q at the hot liquid nozzle by measuring the volume of the fluid flowing through the effective section of the pipeline of the flowmeter in unit time Fluid body . Gold element content omega of hot liquid jet fluid Fluid body Multiplied by the duration of the burst of fluid (T Sulfide bottom -T Sulfide top ) Flow rate Q of fluid Fluid body And density ρ Fluid body The total amount of gold elements which are transported by the hydrothermal fluid in the corresponding period can be obtained. Wherein the age of the bottom and top of the hydrothermal sulfide is measured by U-Th radiometric dating.
The calculation formula of the gold mineralization efficiency is as follows:
where i represents the i-th depth of layer segment.
And thirdly, drilling holes on the flank of the hydrothermal sulfide ore body.
As shown in fig. 2, the vertical cross section of the hydrothermal sulfide ore body is generally approximately triangular. In this application, drilling is performed at a distance on both flanks of the sulfide ore body, respectively. The distance between two adjacent holes can be 1/10-1/5 of the long axis length of the pile on the sea floor, and the drilling depth is determined by drilling into the upwelling area of the hot fluid. That is, the drill bit drills in a direction towards the sea floor, and during drilling, the drilling depth is required to ensure that the drill bit drills to surrounding rock, so that hot fluid flows out. The bore diameter of the drilled hole is 6-10cm.
Through the step, the buffer balance between the deep submerged ore forming liquid fluid and the surrounding rock in the migration channel is destroyed, the reaction probability and the space of the fluid and the surrounding rock are increased, the interaction between water and rock is facilitated, gold can be leached out of the surrounding rock in a large area for a long time and more thoroughly, and the temperature of the fluid of the hydrothermal jet is reduced, so that gold elements are more easily precipitated.
And fourthly, injecting oxygen into the hot liquid nozzle, and continuously extracting fluid of the hot liquid nozzle.
After the third step of drilling, when the hot liquid fluid is sprayed out from the inside of the drilling, new hot liquid nozzles are formed on the flanks of the hot liquid sulfide ore body, and in the step, oxygen is injected into the natural nozzles of the hot liquid sulfide ore body and the hot liquid nozzles formed after drilling, and the hot liquid nozzle fluid is extracted. Oxygen is continuously extracted from the ship body through an oxygen pump, and oxygen is injected into the hot liquid nozzle through an oxygen pipe. The oxygen reacts with the hydrogen sulfide in the fluid of the hot liquid nozzle at high temperature, so that the content of the hydrogen sulfide in the fluid can be greatly reduced. The reaction between oxygen and hydrogen sulfide is as follows:
2H 2 S+O 2 ＝2S+2H 2 O。
the specific amount and rate of injection of oxygen is determined such that the hydrogen sulfide content of the jet fluid is zero. In the application, the content of hydrogen sulfide in the jet fluid can be detected by adopting a para-amino dimethylaniline spectrophotometry method. In the continuous injection process of oxygen, detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide in the nozzle fluid, and stopping injecting oxygen when detecting that the content of hydrogen sulfide in the nozzle fluid is reduced to zero; when the content of the hydrogen sulfide in the jet fluid is detected to be greater than zero, the oxygen pump is started again, oxygen is continuously injected into the hot liquid jet, and when the content of the hydrogen sulfide in the jet fluid is detected to be equal to zero, the oxygen injection is stopped again. Thus, in this step, by detecting the hydrogen sulfide content in the spout fluid, it is determined whether oxygen is injected and the oxygen injection amount.
The ore-forming hot fluid typically contains a significant amount of hydrogen sulfide, and this sulfur, which is in its reduced valence state, is one of the key factors in the formation of sulfides because metals such as copper, iron, zinc, etc. in the deep hot fluid migrate as chlorine complexes and react with the reducing sulfur to form sulfides and precipitate out of the fluid to form a heap when reaching the vicinity of the jet. But the hydrothermal fluid is mainly Au (HS) 2- And gold migrating in the form of auss, but typically does not precipitate out of the fluid as sulfides, and thus, once the hydrogen sulfide content is too high, it results in an increase in gold migration capacity, resulting in a significant amount of gold diffusing directly into the seawater as sulfides. By this step, the spray can be reducedThe availability of reduced sulfur in the oral fluid allows as much of the dissolved gold element in the fluid to precipitate in the sulfide in the near-orifice region as possible, preventing diffusion losses of gold element.
Meanwhile, at the hot liquid nozzle, the submerged arc fluid flowing out of the hot liquid nozzle is continuously extracted through the pump, the extraction rate of the fluid is ensured to be higher than the ejection rate of the fluid, and the continuous extraction time can be maintained for half a year to one year.
By extracting the fluid of the hot liquid nozzle, the pressure of the fluid is reduced, the probability of boiling, namely phase separation, is increased, and gold elements relatively enriched in the steam phase are more easily transported to the seabed surface and are precipitated from the ore-forming hot liquid fluid.
And fifthly, after the operation of the fourth step is carried out for a period of time, calculating the gold element ore-forming efficiency of the newly formed hydrothermal sulfide ore body through the second step, and repeating the operations of the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step.
After maintaining the operation of the fourth step for a preset time, calculating the gold element ore forming efficiency of the newly formed hydrothermal sulfide ore body according to the second step, judging whether the gold element ore forming efficiency is obviously improved, modifying relevant parameters in the third step and the fourth step according to the efficiency change condition, and repeating the steps.
When the ore-forming efficiency of the gold element changes, the hole pitch between two adjacent holes, the number of holes or the aperture of the holes in the third step can be adjusted. For example, when the ore-forming efficiency of the gold element is significantly improved, the hole spacing between two drilled holes can be increased, the number of drilled holes can be reduced, or the hole diameter of the drilled holes can be reduced. The oxygen injection amount in the fourth step may also be adjusted. Meanwhile, the fluid extraction rate in the fourth step can be adjusted, and the extraction rate is increased or reduced according to the improvement degree of the hydrothermal sulfide gold element mineralization efficiency.
The period of time in this step may be several days, months or years, and since the cost of performing the above-described operation in the deep sea is relatively high, it is generally selected to perform the repeated operation at half a year or one year intervals.
The in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of the submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element provided by the invention is described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. An in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body currently being formed;
s2, calculating the ore formation efficiency eta of gold elements in the selected submarine hydrothermal sulfide ore body;
the ore-forming efficiency eta of the gold element is equal to the value obtained by dividing the total amount of the gold element in the hydrothermal sulfide ore body formed in a certain period by the total amount of the gold element transported by the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid in the period, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein n represents the direction from the top to the bottom of the hot liquid sulfide ore body, the hot liquid sulfide ore body is divided into n depth-of-layer segments,
ω sulfide of the ith depth stage Representing the gold element content of the sulfide in the i-th depth stage,
G sulfide of the ith depth stage Representing the sulfide weight of the i-th depth segment, calculated by multiplying the measured density of the i-th depth segment drilled core by the volume of the depth segment,
ω fluid body Representing the elemental gold content of the hydrothermal vent fluid,
(T sulfide bottom -T Sulfide top ) Representing the time for which the hot fluid is continuously erupting, which time value is obtained by the age difference between the bottom and top of the sulfide,
Q fluid body Representing the volumetric flow rate of the fluid at the hydrothermal vent ρ Fluid body Representing the density of the fluid;
s3, drilling holes on two side flanks of the hydrothermal sulfide ore body;
s4, injecting oxygen into the hot liquid nozzle, and continuously extracting fluid of the hot liquid nozzle;
s5, after the operation of the step S4 is continued for a preset time period, the gold element ore-forming efficiency of the newly formed hydrothermal sulfide is recalculated according to the step S2, and the operations of the steps S3 and S4 are repeated.
2. The in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of the submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element according to claim 1, wherein,
the subsea hydrothermal sulfide ore body selected in step S1 comprises a sulfide stack formed on the bottom surface of the sea or on the offshore bottom surface of a live ore-forming hydrothermal fluid currently in the region of the ocean center ridge, island arc, or post-arc basin.
3. The in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of the submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step S3, drilling holes are respectively carried out on the side wings of the sulfide ore body, the distance between every two adjacent drilling holes is 1/10-1/5 of the long axis length of the pile body on the sea floor, and the drilling depth is determined by drilling into the upwelling area of the hydrothermal fluid.
4. The in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of the submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element according to claim 1, wherein,
after the drilling in the step S3, after the hot liquid fluid is sprayed out of the drilling, a new hot liquid nozzle is formed on the flank of the hot liquid sulfide ore body, and oxygen and hot liquid nozzle fluid are injected into the natural nozzle of the hot liquid sulfide ore body and the hot liquid nozzle formed after the drilling in the step S3.
5. The in-situ operation method for improving the ore-forming efficiency of the submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step S4, continuously extracting oxygen from the ship body through an oxygen pump, and injecting oxygen into the hot liquid nozzle through an oxygen pipe, wherein the injection amount and the injection speed of the oxygen are determined by enabling the content of hydrogen sulfide in the nozzle fluid to be zero, and stopping injecting the oxygen when the content of hydrogen sulfide in the nozzle fluid is detected to be reduced to zero; and when the content of the hydrogen sulfide in the jet fluid is detected to be larger than zero again, continuing to inject oxygen into the hot liquid jet.
6. The in-situ operation method for improving the ore formation efficiency of the submarine hydrothermal sulfide gold element according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, at the hydrothermal vent, the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid flowing out of the hydrothermal vent is continuously pumped by a pump, and the pumping rate of the fluid is higher than the spraying rate of the fluid.
7. The in-situ operation method for improving the ore formation efficiency of the hydrothermal sulfide gold element on the sea floor according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the ore formation efficiency of the gold element of the newly formed hydrothermal sulfide ore body is calculated again according to the step S2, whether the ore formation efficiency of the gold element is improved is judged, relevant parameters in the steps S3 and S4 are modified according to the efficiency change condition, and the steps S3 and S4 are repeated.
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