CN115633581B

CN115633581B - Harvesting device for sweet potato vine

Info

Publication number: CN115633581B
Application number: CN202211386875.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕江南; 向伟; 颜波; 王文驰; 王中军; 段益平; 马兰; 刘佳杰
Original assignee: Cili Zhongjun Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd; Institute of Bast Fiber Crops of CAAS
Current assignee: Cili Zhongjun Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd; Institute of Bast Fiber Crops of CAAS
Priority date: 2022-11-07
Filing date: 2022-11-07
Publication date: 2023-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-07
Also published as: CN115633581A

Abstract

The invention discloses a harvesting device for sweet potato vine, which comprises a sweet potato vine cutting table, a cutting device and a storage box, wherein a vine cutter and a vine conveying mechanism are arranged on the sweet potato vine cutting table, the input end of the vine conveying mechanism is connected with the output end of the vine cutter, the output end of the vine conveying mechanism is connected with the input end of the cutting device, and the output end of the cutting device is connected with the storage box. The sweet potato vine cutting machine cuts sweet potato vine into the sweet potato vine cutting table through the vine cutting knife, then inputs the sweet potato vine into the cutting device through the vine conveying mechanism for cutting, and then conveys the cut sweet potato vine into the storage box for storage. Therefore, by the full-automatic harvesting device, the sweet potato vine is quickly and efficiently recycled, the traditional mode of cutting up and returning to the field is avoided, and the utilization value of the sweet potato vine is improved.

Description

Harvesting device for sweet potato vine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a harvesting device for sweet potato vine.

Background

At present, in the harvesting process of sweet potatoes, sweet potato harvesting machines with higher automation degree are gradually popularized. For sweet potato vine parts of sweet potatoes, a sweet potato vine seedling killing machine is generally directly adopted to cut sweet potato vine into pieces and return the pieces to the field.

However, sweet potato vine is a good feed raw material, and this operation mode results in a relative waste of sweet potato vine resources, and does not have the maximum value of utilizing sweet potato vine. Therefore, a machine capable of harvesting and recovering sweet potato vine needs to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects existing in the prior art and providing a harvesting device for sweet potato vine.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a harvesting device for sweet potato vine, which comprises a sweet potato vine cutting table, a cutting device and a storage box, wherein a vine cutter and a vine conveying mechanism are arranged on the sweet potato vine cutting table, the input end of the vine conveying mechanism is connected with the output end of the vine cutter, the output end of the vine conveying mechanism is connected with the input end of the cutting device, and the output end of the cutting device is connected with the storage box.

Further, the top of vine cutting knife is provided with and is used for pulling up sweet potato vine to the device is hugged in pulling up that vine conveying mechanism carried, pull up and hug the device and including pulling up and hug tooth, pull out and hug tooth drive shaft and pull out and hug tooth rotation driving piece, pull out and hug the tooth along pull out the axial and the circumference that hug tooth drive shaft laid, pull out and hug tooth rotation driving piece drive pull out and hug tooth drive shaft rotation.

Further, pull out and hold the device and hold tooth installation axle and installation axle end plate including pulling out, the installation axle end plate rigid coupling is in pull out the both ends of holding tooth drive axle, pull out the both ends rigid coupling of holding tooth installation axle and be in on the installation axle end plate, pull out the one end of holding tooth and be provided with spiral spring portion, spiral spring portion cup joints pull out and hold tooth installation epaxial, the one end of this spiral spring portion with pull out and hold tooth installation axle rigid coupling, the other end with pull out and hold tooth rigid coupling.

Further, pull out and hug the device overcoat and be equipped with a waist type and pick up a section of thick bamboo, the waist type is picked up a section of thick bamboo and is followed be close to sweet potato vine header input is to vine conveying mechanism downward sloping, one side that the section of thick bamboo was picked up to the waist type is provided with the rectangular hole of arc, pull out and hug the tooth with the rectangular hole cooperation of arc.

Further, the vine conveying mechanism comprises a plurality of groups of spiral conveying rollers and conveying roller rotary driving pieces, wherein the spiral conveying rollers are arranged along the conveying direction, and the conveying roller rotary driving pieces are used for driving the spiral conveying rollers to rotate.

Further, the sweet potato vine cutting table is provided with a multi-stage inclined step mechanism along the conveying direction of the sweet potato vine, the multi-stage inclined step mechanism comprises a plurality of inclined side plates, and the inclined side plates and a lateral output port of the sweet potato vine cutting table are gradually close to each other.

Further, at least one side of the sweet potato vine cutting table is provided with a side cutting knife mechanism, and the side cutting knife mechanism comprises a side fixed knife, a side movable knife and a movable knife reciprocating driving mechanism for driving the side movable knife to reciprocate relative to the side fixed knife.

Further, the front ends of the side movable knife and the side fixed knife are provided with triangular cutting plates which are matched with each other, and the edges of the triangular cutting plates are provided with sawtooth cutting edges.

Further, the side edge movable knife is provided with a duplex edge protector, the front part of the duplex edge protector is provided with an edge protection tip, and one side of the duplex edge protector is provided with an edge protection groove in sliding connection with the side edge movable knife.

Further, still include setting up climbing conveying mechanism between sweet potato rattan header's the output and the input of shredding device, climbing conveying mechanism includes climbing conveyer trough and sets up climbing conveyer belt subassembly in the climbing conveyer trough.

Further, sweet potato vine cutting platform and climbing conveying mechanism rigid coupling, climbing conveying mechanism's below still is provided with the flexible driving piece that is used for controlling sweet potato vine cutting platform up-and-down displacement.

Further, the shredding device comprises a shredding structure, the shredding structure comprises a shredding roller and a shredding fixed cutter, a plurality of shredding movable cutters are circumferentially arranged on the shredding roller, and arc-shaped cutting surfaces matched with the shredding movable cutters are arranged on the inner side of the shredding fixed cutter.

Further, the shredding device further comprises a rolling clamping device arranged at the input end of the shredding structure, the rolling clamping device comprises a rolling roller and a rolling roller driving piece, the rolling roller driving piece is matched with the rolling roller up and down and drives the rolling roller to rotate, and rolling teeth are arranged on the outer side of the rolling roller.

Further, a bottom plate, a sliding rail, a spring and a detection sensor are arranged in the storage box, the bottom plate is in sliding connection with the sliding rail, the spring is sleeved on the sliding rail, one end of the spring is propped against the bottom plate, the other end of the spring is propped against the bottom of the storage box, and the detection sensor is arranged at the bottom of the storage box.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the sweet potato vine cutting machine cuts sweet potato vine into the sweet potato vine cutting table through the vine cutting knife, then inputs the sweet potato vine into the cutting device through the vine conveying mechanism for cutting, and then conveys the cut sweet potato vine into the storage box for storage. Therefore, by the full-automatic harvesting device, the sweet potato vine is quickly and efficiently recycled, the traditional mode of cutting up and returning to the field is avoided, and the utilization value of the sweet potato vine is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an isometric schematic diagram of a sweet potato vine cutting table disclosed in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic main measurement diagram of the cooperation of the rake and the waist-shaped pick-up cylinder according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic isometric view of a bin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a shredding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is an isometric view of a side cutter mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Legend description:

1. sweet potato vine cutting table; 11. vine cutting knife; 12. a vine conveying mechanism; 121. a screw conveying roller; 122. a helical blade; 13. a multi-stage inclined stage mechanism; 131. a bevel side plate; 14. a side cutter mechanism; 141. a side edge fixed cutter; 142. a side edge moving knife; 143. triangular cutting plate; 144. a serrated cutting edge; 145. a movable knife reciprocating driving mechanism; 146. a duplex guard; 147. a blade protection groove; 2. a shredding device; 21. a shredding structure; 211. a shredding drum; 212. cutting into pieces; 213. cutting up the movable knife; 214. an arcuate cutting surface; 22. rolling and clamping devices; 221. a roller; 222. rolling teeth; 3. a storage bin; 31. a bottom plate; 32. a slide rail; 33. a spring; 34. a detection sensor; 4. pulling and raking devices; 41. pulling and raking teeth; 42. pulling and raking a tooth driving shaft; 43. pulling and raking tooth mounting shafts; 44. installing a shaft end plate; 45. a spiral spring portion; 5. climbing conveying mechanism; 51. climbing conveying groove; 52. climbing conveyor belt assembly; 53. a telescopic driving member; 6. a waist-shaped pickup cylinder; 61. arc rectangular hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown, for the purpose of illustrating the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown.

As shown in fig. 1-6, the embodiment of the invention discloses a harvesting device for sweet potato vine, which is usually installed on a travelling mechanism, such as a crawler-type travelling chassis or a high-land wheel chassis, and comprises a sweet potato vine cutting table 1, a cutting device 2 and a storage box 3, wherein the main body of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 is in a box structure, the upper end and the input end of the front end are both arranged in an opening manner, when in operation, the bottom plate of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 is in ground pasting operation, a vine cutting knife 11 and a vine conveying mechanism 12 are arranged on the sweet potato vine cutting table 1, the input end of the vine conveying mechanism 12 is connected with the output end of the vine cutting knife 11, the output end of the vine conveying mechanism is connected with the input end of the cutting device 2, and the output end of the cutting device 2 is connected with the storage box 3. Cut off sweet potato vine through vine cutting knife 11 and get into sweet potato vine header 1 in, then input into cutting up device 2 through vine conveying mechanism 12 and cut off, then will cut off the sweet potato vine of receipts and carry storage box 3 to store. Therefore, by the full-automatic harvesting device, the sweet potato vine is quickly and efficiently recycled, the traditional mode of cutting up and returning to the field is avoided, and the utilization value of the sweet potato vine is improved.

Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, since a great number of fibrous roots exist on the sweet potato vine, the sweet potato vine needs to be pulled up before and after cutting, a pulling and holding device 4 for pulling up the sweet potato vine and conveying the sweet potato vine to the vine conveying mechanism 12 is arranged above the vine cutting knife 11, the pulling and holding device 4 comprises a pulling and holding tooth 41, a pulling and holding tooth driving shaft 42 and a pulling and holding tooth rotation driving member, the pulling and holding tooth rotation driving member adopts a driving motor, the pulling and holding tooth 41 is of a thin rod structure, the tail end is bent towards the rotating direction, a claw-like structure is formed, the pulling and holding tooth 41 is prevented from slipping, and the pulling and holding tooth driving shaft 42 is driven to rotate by the pulling and holding tooth rotation driving member. Further, in order to realize pulling up the installation of raking tooth 41, pull up and hold device 4 and still including pulling up and hold tooth installation axle 43 and installation axle end plate 44, installation axle end plate 44 rigid coupling is pulling up the both ends of raking tooth drive axle 42, pull up the both ends rigid coupling of raking tooth installation axle 43 and be on installation axle end plate 44, thereby, pull up tooth installation axle 43 and pull up tooth drive axle 42 relatively and have certain space distance, pull up the one end of raking tooth 41 and be provided with spiral spring portion 45, spiral spring portion 45 cup joints on pulling up tooth installation axle 43, the one end of this spiral spring portion 45 is pulled up raking tooth installation axle 43 rigid coupling, the other end is pulled out raking tooth 41 rigid coupling, through spiral spring portion 45's elastic action, when meetting still uncut sweet potato, pull up raking tooth 41 and pull up when raking needs great power, pull up tooth 41 can backward elastic displacement, thereby make sweet potato vine backward, thereby can prevent to pull up tooth 41 and buckle or break. Simultaneously, in order to be convenient for pull out the winding of hugging the in-process of preventing sweet potato rattan, pull out the device of hugging 4 overcoat and be equipped with a waist type and pick up a section of thick bamboo 6, waist type pick up a section of thick bamboo 6 from being close to sweet potato rattan header 1 input to vine conveying mechanism 12 downward sloping, one side that a section of thick bamboo 6 was picked up to the waist type is provided with the rectangular hole 61 of arc, pulls out and hugs tooth 41 and the rectangular hole 61 cooperation of arc, and during operation pulls out the tip of hugging tooth 41 and stretches out the rectangular hole 61 of arc.

In this embodiment, the vine conveying mechanism 12 includes a plurality of sets of spiral conveying rollers 121 arranged along the conveying direction and conveying roller rotation driving members for driving the spiral conveying rollers 121 to rotate, two ends of the spiral conveying rollers 121 are pivoted with two side walls of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1, and spiral blades 122 are arranged on the spiral conveying rollers 121.

In this embodiment, in order to enlarge the input area, the input port of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 is set to be wider, in order to gather the cut sweet potato vine to the output port of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1, the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 is provided with a multi-stage inclined step mechanism 13 along the conveying direction of the sweet potato vine, the multi-stage inclined step mechanism 13 comprises a plurality of inclined side plates 131, the inclined side plates 131 can play a role in guiding materials in the conveying process, and the inclined side plates 131 are gradually close to one side of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1.

Referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, in order to reduce the pulling action of the sweet potato vine on the side of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 during walking, at least one side of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 is provided with a side cutter mechanism 14, the side cutter mechanism 14 includes a side fixed cutter 141, a side movable cutter 142, and a movable cutter reciprocating driving mechanism 145 for driving the side movable cutter 142 to reciprocate relative to the side fixed cutter 141, the structural layout of the side cutter mechanism 14 is similar to that of the vine cutter 11 (the vine cutter 11 includes a movable cutter and a fixed cutter as well), and the movable cutter reciprocating driving mechanism 145 includes a driving motor and a four-bar mechanism for converting the rotational movement of the driving motor into the reciprocating movement of the movable side movable cutter 142. Wherein, the front ends of the side movable knife 142 and the side fixed knife 141 are provided with triangular cutting plates 143 which are matched with each other, and the edges of the triangular cutting plates 143 are provided with saw tooth cutting edges 144, thereby accelerating the cutting speed of sweet potato vine.

In this embodiment, in order to protect the edge portions of the side fixed blade 141 and the side movable blade 142, the side movable blade 142 is provided with a duplex guard 146, the front portion of the duplex guard 146 is provided with a guard tip, one side of the duplex guard 146 is provided with a guard groove 147 in sliding contact with the side movable blade 142, and the side movable blade 142 performs up-and-down cutting movement along the guard groove 147.

Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, considering that the shredding device 2 and the storage box 3 behind the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 are generally installed on a traveling mechanism with a higher position, a certain height difference exists, the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 further includes a climbing conveying mechanism 5 disposed between an output end of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 and an input end of the shredding device 2, the climbing conveying mechanism 5 includes a climbing conveying groove 51 and a climbing conveying belt assembly 52 disposed in the climbing conveying groove 51, and a baffle plate is disposed on a conveying belt of the climbing conveying belt assembly 52. Meanwhile, in order to realize the up-and-down position adjustment of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1, the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 is fixedly connected with the climbing conveying mechanism 5, a telescopic driving piece 53 for controlling the up-and-down displacement of the sweet potato vine cutting table 1 is further arranged below the climbing conveying mechanism 5, and the telescopic driving piece 53 can adopt a telescopic oil cylinder or a telescopic air cylinder.

Referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the shredding device 2 includes a shredding structure 21, the shredding structure 21 includes a shredding roller 211 and a shredding fixed knife 212, a plurality of shredding moving knives 213 cooperating with the shredding fixed knife 212 are circumferentially mounted on the shredding roller 211, an arc cutting surface 214 cooperating with the shredding moving knife 213 is provided on the inner side of the shredding fixed knife 212, an included angle is formed between the arc cutting surface 214 and the axis of the shredding roller 211, a gap between the moving fixed knives is ensured in the shredding process, and a sliding cutting operation is realized, so that the shredding power consumption is reduced, and the operation stability is improved. In order to avoid the situation that the shredding size is different due to the pulling action of the shredding fixed knife 212 and the shredding movable knife 213 during operation, the shredding device 2 further comprises a rolling clamping device 22 arranged at the input end of the shredding structure 21, the rolling clamping device 22 comprises a rolling roller 221 matched up and down and a rolling roller driving piece for driving the rolling roller 221 to rotate, the rolling roller 221 is similar to a spur gear structure, and rolling teeth 222 are arranged on the outer side of the rolling roller 221.

Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, a bottom plate 31, a slide rail 32, a spring 33 and a detection sensor 34 are disposed in the storage tank 3, the bottom plate 31 is slidingly connected with the slide rail 32, the spring 33 is sleeved on the slide rail 32, the periphery of the bottom plate 31 is seamlessly slidingly connected with the storage tank 3, one end of the spring 33 abuts against the bottom plate 31, the other end abuts against the bottom of the storage tank 3, and the detection sensor 34 is disposed at the bottom of the storage tank 3, wherein the detection sensor 34 is a pressure sensor or a contact switch. When accumulated materials are more and more, the bottom plate 31 is weighed and falls, and when the bottom plate 31 contacts with the detection sensor 34, the detection sensor 34 is triggered, so that a driver is reminded of collecting crushed aggregates, and unloading can be performed.

While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Many possible variations and modifications of the disclosed technology can be made by anyone skilled in the art, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations can be made, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The harvesting device for the sweet potato vine is characterized by comprising a sweet potato vine cutting table (1), a cutting device (2) and a storage box (3), wherein a vine cutter (11) and a vine conveying mechanism (12) are arranged on the sweet potato vine cutting table (1), the input end of the vine conveying mechanism (12) is connected with the output end of the vine cutter (11), the output end is connected with the input end of the cutting device (2), and the output end of the cutting device (2) is connected with the storage box (3); the shredding device (2) comprises a shredding structure (21), the shredding structure (21) comprises a shredding roller (211) and a shredding fixed cutter (212), a plurality of shredding movable cutters (213) are circumferentially arranged on the shredding roller (211), and an arc-shaped cutting surface (214) matched with the shredding movable cutters (213) is arranged on the inner side of the shredding fixed cutter (212); the shredding device (2) further comprises a rolling clamping device (22) arranged at the input end of the shredding structure (21), the rolling clamping device (22) comprises a rolling roller (221) matched up and down and a rolling roller driving piece for driving the rolling roller (221) to rotate, and rolling teeth (222) are arranged on the outer side of the rolling roller (221); the sweet potato vine cutting table (1) is provided with a multi-stage inclined step mechanism (13) along the conveying direction of the sweet potato vine, the multi-stage inclined step mechanism (13) comprises a plurality of inclined side plates (131), and the inclined side plates (131) and a lateral output port of the sweet potato vine cutting table (1) are gradually close to each other.

2. Harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the vine cutter (11) is provided with a pulling and holding device (4) for pulling up sweet potato vine to the vine conveying mechanism (12), the pulling and holding device (4) comprises pulling and holding teeth (41), pulling and holding tooth driving shafts (42) and pulling and holding tooth rotation driving members, the pulling and holding teeth (41) are arranged along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the pulling and holding tooth driving shafts (42), and the pulling and holding tooth rotation driving members drive the pulling and holding tooth driving shafts (42) to rotate.

3. Harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to claim 2, characterized in that the pulling and holding device (4) further comprises a pulling and holding tooth mounting shaft (43) and a mounting shaft end plate (44), the mounting shaft end plate (44) is fixedly connected to two ends of the pulling and holding tooth driving shaft (42), two ends of the pulling and holding tooth mounting shaft (43) are fixedly connected to the mounting shaft end plate (44), one end of the pulling and holding tooth (41) is provided with a spiral spring part (45), the spiral spring part (45) is sheathed on the pulling and holding tooth mounting shaft (43), one end of the spiral spring part (45) is fixedly connected with the pulling and holding tooth mounting shaft (43), and the other end of the spiral spring part (45) is fixedly connected with the pulling and holding tooth (41).

4. Harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to claim 2, characterized in that the pulling and holding device (4) is sleeved with a waist-shaped pickup tube (6), the waist-shaped pickup tube (6) is inclined downwards from the input end close to the sweet potato vine cutting table (1) to the vine conveying mechanism (12), one side of the waist-shaped pickup tube (6) is provided with an arc-shaped strip hole (61), and the pulling and holding teeth (41) are matched with the arc-shaped strip hole (61).

5. Harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to claim 1, characterized in that the vine conveying mechanism (12) comprises a plurality of sets of screw conveying rollers (121) arranged along the conveying direction and conveying roller rotation driving members for driving the screw conveying rollers (121) to rotate, wherein screw blades (122) are arranged on the screw conveying rollers (121).

6. Harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one side of the sweet potato vine cutting table (1) is provided with a side cutter mechanism (14), the side cutter mechanism (14) comprising a side stationary cutter (141), a side movable cutter (142) and a movable cutter reciprocating drive mechanism (145) driving the side movable cutter (142) to reciprocate relative to the side stationary cutter (141).

7. Harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to claim 6, characterized in that the front ends of the side moving knife (142) and the side stationary knife (141) are provided with mutually cooperating triangular cutting plates (143), the edges of the triangular cutting plates (143) being provided with serrated cutting edges (144).

8. The harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to claim 6, wherein a duplex cutter guard (146) is mounted on the side movable cutter (142), a cutter guard tip is arranged at the front part of the duplex cutter guard (146), and a cutter guard groove (147) in sliding contact with the side movable cutter (142) is arranged on one side of the duplex cutter guard (146).

9. Harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to any one of claims 1-8, further comprising a climbing conveyor (5) arranged between the output end of the sweet potato vine cutting table (1) and the input end of the shredding device (2), the climbing conveyor (5) comprising a climbing conveyor trough (51) and a climbing conveyor belt assembly (52) arranged in the climbing conveyor trough (51).

10. The harvesting device for sweet potato vine according to claim 9, wherein the sweet potato vine cutting table (1) is fixedly connected with the climbing conveying mechanism (5), and a telescopic driving piece (53) for controlling the up-and-down displacement of the sweet potato vine cutting table (1) is further arranged below the climbing conveying mechanism (5).

11. Harvesting device for sweet potato vines according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that a bottom plate (31), a sliding rail (32), a spring (33) and a detection sensor (34) are arranged in the storage box (3), the bottom plate (31) is in sliding connection with the sliding rail (32), the spring (33) is sleeved on the sliding rail (32), one end of the spring (33) is abutted to the bottom plate (31), the other end is abutted to the bottom of the storage box (3), and the detection sensor (34) is arranged at the bottom of the storage box (3).