CN115629089A - Method and equipment for accurately positioning seepage of dam abutment of earth-rock dam and performing targeted repair - Google Patents
Method and equipment for accurately positioning seepage of dam abutment of earth-rock dam and performing targeted repair Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and equipment for accurately positioning leakage of a dam abutment of an earth and rockfill dam and repairing leakage of the dam abutment in a targeted mode. The positioning device determines the position and the depth of the first detection hole, and drills and places a limiting sleeve; carrying out 1-time transmission detection and multiple reflection detection by using a detection device, determining an abnormal area of dam leakage and a leakage direction, and determining a new detection hole position and a hole bottom elevation; positioning, drilling and detecting the new detection hole, and recurrently until the positioned detection hole reaches or exceeds the earth-rock dam seepage-proofing structure; the leakage is repaired by using the detection hole as the grouting hole, and the grouting slurry can accurately flow into the leakage channel due to the communication of the detection hole and the leakage path. By adopting the method and the equipment for accurately positioning the seepage of the dam abutment of the earth and rockfill dam, the seepage area and the seepage path are accurately positioned by gradually positioning, drilling and detecting, and the target repair is realized by using the detecting holes as grouting holes, thereby achieving two purposes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of leakage positioning and repairing of earth and rockfill dams, in particular to a method and equipment for accurately positioning leakage of dam shoulders of an earth and rockfill dam and repairing leakage of dam shoulders of the earth and rockfill dam in a targeted mode.
Background
The dam abutment is a dam foundation for placing a dam body and a stress part adjacent to the dam body on two sides of the dam, and the dam abutment leakage is a frequent and special disease of the earth-rock dam. The reservoir dam is mostly built in mountainous areas, the two sides of the dam body are generally alpine rock bodies, and the source of the dam abutment seepage water can be upstream reservoir water or seepage water from the interior of the mountains. The dam abutment detection condition is narrow due to the limitation of site conditions, and the dam abutment detection method is commonly used for geophysical prospecting methods arranged in a line measuring mode such as an electrical method and a micro-motion method for detecting leakage, the line measuring extension difficulty at the dam abutment position is high, and a detection blind area often exists at the end part of the line measuring. The tracing method can only find the front and back communication condition of the leakage channel, and cannot accurately position the leakage path. Geophysical well logging can carry out the refining detection to deep part local area, but dam abutment region is regional great, if directly adopt the blind detection of geophysical well logging, then comparatively waste time and energy, hole site effective utilization is lower. Therefore, the current dam abutment leakage area is difficult to detect, the leakage area cannot be accurately positioned, a water seepage path cannot be determined, a repair target is difficult to lock, and the repair effect and efficiency are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the invention provides an earth and rockfill dam abutment leakage accurate positioning and targeted repairing method, which comprises the following specific steps:
step S1: investigating a dam abutment leakage and escape area, acquiring coordinate data of the dam abutment leakage and escape area through a positioning device so as to determine the position and the depth of a detection hole, drilling a hole and placing a limiting sleeve in the drilled detection hole;
step S2: starting a detection device, putting an electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe into the limit sleeve, and performing 1-time transmission detection and multiple directional reflection detection in a detection hole;
and step S3: determining an abnormal area of dam leakage according to the received electromagnetic wave data, and determining the distance between the abnormal area and the detection hole and the bottom elevation;
and step S4: determining the position and the bottom elevation of a new detection hole according to the distance between the abnormal area and the detection hole and the bottom elevation, drilling a hole, and placing a limiting sleeve in the drilled new detection hole;
step S5: probing test using a probing device:
carrying out 1-time transmission detection by using the new detection holes and the new detection holes, and detecting a dam body between the two holes;
reflecting detection in different directions is carried out by using a new detection hole and an electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, a leaked water path is detected, and the position of the latest detection hole is determined;
step S6: repeating the steps S4 and S5 until the hole site of the latest detection hole reaches or exceeds the earth-rock dam seepage-proofing structure (for example, the seepage-proofing structure of the face plate dam is an upstream face plate, and the seepage-proofing structure of the earth-rock dam is a dam body or a core wall in the dam body), and positioning the dam shoulder seepage path;
step S7: and (4) taking out the limiting sleeve in the detection hole, pouring plugging slurry in a reverse order from the last detection hole, sealing all the detection holes, and finishing leakage repair.
Preferably, in step S1, spatial absolute coordinates of the leakage area are acquired by the positioning device, a horizontal coordinate of the middle position of the leakage area is converted into a milepost number of the dam, a vertical coordinate of the leakage area is converted into a bottom elevation a of the leakage area, the milepost number is positioned at the top of the dam, a first detection hole is drilled in an area near the downstream side of the milepost number, and the drilling depth reaches a position 5-10m below the bottom elevation a;
in step S4, converting the distance between the abnormal area and the first detection hole into a pile number of the abnormal area, and drilling a new detection hole at a position corresponding to the pile number; and determining the drilling depth to be 5-10m below the bottom elevation b according to the bottom elevation b of the abnormal area.
Preferably, when the limiting sleeve is placed, at least one pair of grooves in the inner side of the limiting sleeve is perpendicular to the axis of the dam, and the pulleys on two sides of the electromagnetic wave transceiving integrated probe are arranged in the grooves perpendicular to the axis of the dam.
Preferably, the transmission detection is specifically:
when the detection hole is a first detection hole, the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe combination in the first detection hole and on the dam slope is adopted; when more than two detection holes exist, the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe combination in the two detection holes is adopted. And the two electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probes perform transmission detection on the dam body within the linear distance, and perform detailed inspection to obtain the communication condition of the leakage channel in the leakage area.
During transmission detection, the detection mode of the probes between the two holes can be synchronous opposite detection, namely the probes in the two holes are positioned at the same horizontal position and synchronously move up and down; or grid detection, namely fixing one probe, lifting the other probe at a constant speed or at equal intervals, moving the fixed probe for a certain distance, fixing the fixed probe, and repeatedly lifting the other probe at a constant speed or at equal intervals, and so on. For the received transmitted wave, the dam between the two holes is estimated from the first arrival time and the amplitude of the transmitted wave, and for the part with the leakage area, the first arrival time is longer and the amplitude is reduced.
The reflection detection specifically comprises the following steps:
the directional detection is realized by utilizing a signal window of the limit sleeve and the electromagnetic wave transceiving integrated probe: the pulley on the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe is clamped into different grooves of the limiting sleeve, so that the signal windows face to different directions, directional detection to different directions is realized, and reflection echoes in different directions are obtained. When the signal wave train diagram shows the characteristics of phase reversal, amplitude enhancement, wavelength lengthening and the like, the signal pseudo-color diagram shows a region with deep local banding or cluster color, the industrial personal computer is embedded with image automatic identification software, the region containing the above-mentioned characteristics is automatically identified through image characteristic identification, marking and alarming are carried out, and the position and the depth of a seepage water incoming path and the position and the depth of a next drilling hole are determined through calculating the distance and the depth from the abnormal region.
The judgment criterion of the leakage abnormity is that the reflected echo has energy enhancement and phase reversal and the like: the distance x (unit m) is half of the product of the double-layer travel time t (unit ns) and the electromagnetic wave velocity v (unit m/ns), namely
The electromagnetic wave speed is used for determining a relative dielectric parameter epsilon through dam material sampling,
when leakage abnormality exists in a plurality of directional reflection detection results, if a plurality of abnormal detection directions are adjacent, determining a next hole position (a leakage region is large and communicated) by taking a middle direction; if the abnormal detection directions are not adjacent (a plurality of leakage channel branches are formed in the dam body), drilling is respectively carried out on each abnormal direction, and the next detection is synchronously carried out.
Preferably, in step S7, the last detection hole is selected from cement-type grouting liquid capable of rapidly intercepting seepage, and the other detection holes are selected from clay-type grouting liquid and applied with grouting pressure, wherein the grouting pressure is generally controlled to be 0.1Mpa-0.2Mpa;
the concrete grouting steps are as follows:
step S71: moving the limit sleeve in the detection hole upwards to enable the bottom of the limit sleeve to be positioned at the upper part of the leakage area;
step S72: placing the outlet end of the grouting pipe and the closed air bag into the lower end of the limiting sleeve;
step S73: the closed air bag is expanded to be tightly attached to the wall of the limiting sleeve through the pressurizing pump, so that the leakage area and the limiting sleeve are closed;
step S74: and adding the grout into the grout cabin, pressurizing the grout through the pressurizing cabin to enable the grout to flow out through the grouting pipe, gradually increasing the limiting sleeve and the grouting pipe, and gradually filling the dam body leakage area to realize pressure grouting.
An apparatus based on the method for accurately positioning leakage of dam abutment of earth and rockfill dam and repairing leakage of dam abutment comprises,
the positioning device is used for acquiring the space absolute coordinates of the leakage region;
a drilling device for drilling a borehole;
the limiting sleeve is arranged in the detection hole;
detection means for transmission and reflection detection;
and a grouting device for repair.
Preferably, the detection device comprises an industrial personal computer, an automatic winch, a connecting wire and an electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, the connecting wire is wound on the automatic winch and is connected with the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, and the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe and the automatic winch are electrically connected with the industrial personal computer.
Preferably, the electromagnetic wave receiving and dispatching integral type probe includes cylindrical shell, electromagnetic wave receiver and electromagnetic wave transmitter, the electromagnetic wave receiver with the electromagnetic wave transmitter all sets up in cylindrical shell, and the circumference side of cylindrical shell articulates there is the connecting rod that the symmetry set up, the connecting rod is connected with coupling spring, just coupling spring is connected with cylindrical shell, the outside of connecting rod is provided with the pulley, a plurality of pairs of recesses have been seted up to the stop collar inboard, set up in the recess during the pulley use, just the stop collar internal diameter is greater than the external diameter of cylindrical shell.
Preferably, the automatic winch comprises a wire coil, a driving module and a distance meter, the connecting wire is wound on the wire coil, the driving module is used for driving the wire coil to rotate, the distance meter detects the number of rotation turns of the wire coil and converts the number of the rotation turns into the length of the wire, and the driving module and the distance meter are electrically connected with an industrial personal computer.
Preferably, the grouting device comprises a slurry tank, a pressurization cabin, a grouting pipe, a closed air bag and a pressurizing pump, wherein the pressurizing pump is connected with the closed air bag, the closed air bag is arranged at the outlet end of the grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe is connected with the slurry tank.
Therefore, the method and the device for accurately positioning and repairing the leakage of the dam abutment of the earth and rockfill dam are adopted, the path of the leakage channel is accurately positioned by gradually positioning, drilling and detecting, and the leakage is repaired by using the detection hole as the grouting hole, so that the aim of killing two birds with one stone is fulfilled. Because the detection hole is communicated with the leakage path, the pouring slurry can accurately flow into the leakage channel, and the targeted repair is realized.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for accurately positioning leakage of a dam abutment of an earth and rockfill dam and repairing leakage in a targeted manner according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a borehole in an earth and rockfill dam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a probing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spacing sleeve according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the grouting device.
Reference numerals
1. An industrial personal computer; 2. an automatic winch; 3. connecting wires; 4. an electromagnetic wave transceiving integrated probe; 41. a pulley; 42. a connecting rod; 43. a connecting spring; 5. a limiting sleeve; 51. a groove; 6. a grouting device; 61. grouting pipes; 62. sealing the air bag; 63. and (4) pressing the pipe.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships conventionally put in use of products of the present invention, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
An accurate location of dam abutment seepage of rock-fill dam and target repair equipment includes:
the positioning device for acquiring the absolute space coordinates of the leakage area selects an RTK V3 model product with a Zhonghaida brand, and can acquire three-dimensional positioning coordinates through a satellite.
The drilling device for drilling and measuring holes selects a conventional automatic drilling machine, the drilling depth can reach 100m, and the drilling verticality error is less than 1%.
The limiting sleeve is arranged in the detection hole and is a customized ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) pipe, the wall thickness of the limiting sleeve is 5mm, 12 grooves are formed in the limiting sleeve, and the water pressure resistance is larger than or equal to 1.0MPa.
The detection device is used for transmission and reflection detection and comprises an industrial personal computer, an automatic winch, a connecting wire and an electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe. The connecting wire is a coaxial cable and is wound on the automatic winch and connected with the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, an electromagnetic wave receiver and an electromagnetic wave transmitter with the transmitting frequency of 50kHz are arranged in the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, a cylindrical shell is arranged outside the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, and the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical shell. The inside window of leaving 90 of cylindrical shell, all the other are shielding material parcel, cylindrical shell both sides respectively articulate a connecting rod, and connecting rod one end is connected with the pulley, and the pulley material is polytetrafluoroethylene, and pulley thickness is 0.9 times's groove width, and connecting rod 1/3 pole length position is connected with connecting spring one end, and cylindrical shell is connected to the connecting spring other end, and connecting spring is compression spring. When the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe is used, the pulleys on the two sides slide downwards along the groove of the limiting sleeve, the connecting spring enables the connecting spring to be attached to the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, the shielding material is arranged outside the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, and only a signal window with an angle of 90 degrees is reserved. The electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe and the automatic winch are electrically connected with the industrial personal computer and used for receiving and transmitting signals and controlling the automatic winch to act, and the industrial personal computer is an Dongtian industrial personal computer and is internally provided with data acquisition and analysis software and used for analyzing acquired data. The automatic winch comprises a wire coil, a driving module and a distance meter, wherein a connecting wire is wound on the wire coil, the driving module is used for driving the wire coil to rotate, the distance meter detects the number of rotating turns of the wire coil and converts the number of the rotating turns into the length of the wire, and the driving module and the distance meter are electrically connected with an industrial personal computer.
The grouting device for repairing can be used for pressure grouting and comprises a slurry cabin, a pressurization cabin, a grouting pipe 61, a closed air bag 62 and a pressurizing pump, wherein the pressurizing pump is connected with the closed air bag 62 through a pressurizing pipe 63, the closed air bag 62 is arranged at the outlet end of the grouting pipe 61, and the grouting pipe 61 is connected with the slurry cabin.
The embodiment specifically develops an earth-rock dam abutment leakage accurate positioning and targeted repairing method.
Background: the dam is an earth-rock dam, the height of the dam is 60m, the pile number of the top of the dam is K0+ 000-K0 +200, the elevation of the top of the dam is 2460m, and hills are arranged on two sides of the dam body. Through investigation, the contact part of the back water surface of the dam body and the mountain body has leakage, the flow rate is about 20L/s, and the method is adopted for detection and repair.
Step S1: determining a dam abutment leakage area, acquiring coordinate data of the dam abutment leakage area through a positioning device, determining the position and the depth of a detection hole, drilling the hole and placing a limiting sleeve in the drilled hole. Namely, by field investigation, the coordinates of the center position of the leakage escape area are obtained by using RTK, the dam mileage pile number corresponding to the position is calculated to be K0+178 by displacing the middle position in the leakage area, and the bottom elevation of the leakage area is 2402m. Pile number K0+178 was located at the top of the dam and a drilling device was used to drill a hole (hole number a) near the downstream area at that location to a depth of 2395m. The limiting sleeve is placed in the hole, at least one pair of grooves in the inner side of the limiting sleeve is perpendicular to the axis of the dam when the limiting sleeve is placed, and the pulleys on two sides of the electromagnetic wave transceiving integrated probe are arranged in the grooves perpendicular to the axis of the dam.
Step S2: and starting a detection device, putting the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe into the limit sleeve, and carrying out 1-time transmission detection and multiple reflection detection in the detection hole.
1 transmission detection: 1 group of electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probes move along a dam slope right above a leakage area and are combined with the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probes in the sleeve, so that transmission CT is carried out on a dam body within a linear distance between the two probes, and the purpose is to detect the communication condition of a leakage channel in the area.
Multiple reflection detection: the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe in the hole A is used for detecting in different directions, the dam body is directionally detected by means of the limiting sleeve, and the purpose is to determine a seepage incoming water path and determine the next drilling point.
And step S3: and determining an abnormal area of dam leakage according to the received electromagnetic wave data, and determining the distance between the abnormal area and the detection hole and the bottom elevation. Namely, the detection signal is analyzed, and the abnormal area of the dam leakage is determined according to the time and the amplitude of the received electromagnetic wave. According to the 1-time transmission CT result, the wave speed between the dam slope and the hole A in the interval of the elevation 2400 m-2420 m is slowed, and typical water-rich area signal response exists. According to the detection results in different directions, an angle of 30 degrees is formed between the elevation 2425m and the elevation 2428m and the direction of the upstream, and the horizontal distance is about 16m.
And step S4: and determining the position and the bottom elevation of the new detection hole according to the distance between the abnormal area and the detection hole and the bottom elevation, drilling a hole, and placing a limiting sleeve in the drilled hole. The pile number of the abnormal area obtained by the reflected signals is K0+186, a hole (hole B) is drilled at the position, the height of the bottom of the drilled hole is 2435m, and a limiting sleeve is placed into the hole B after the hole is formed.
Step S5: the detection device is activated to detect and determine the location of a new detection hole (hole C).
1 transmission was performed in well a and well B, and multiple reflection detection was performed in well B. Drilling a hole CT on the dam body between the two holes by using the hole A and the hole B; and the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe in the hole B is used for detecting in different directions to detect the path of the leaked incoming water. Through detection in different directions, the dam has an angle of 60 degrees with the axis of the dam and faces to the upstream direction, an abnormal signal exists in the interval 2426 m-2430 m of the bottom elevation, and the horizontal distance is about 20m.
And obtaining the pile number K0+196 of the abnormal area, drilling at the position, and obtaining the drilling bottom elevation 2420m of the hole number C. And after the hole is formed, a limiting sleeve is placed in the hole C.
Step S6: the detection system was started, with 1 transmission in hole B and hole C, and multiple reflection detection in hole C. Drilling a hole CT on the dam body between the two holes by using the hole B and the hole C; and the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe in the hole C is utilized to carry out detection in different directions, so as to detect the path of leaked incoming water.
Through detection in different directions, abnormal signals exist in the range from 2429m to 2435m in the direction which is vertical to the axis of the dam and faces to the upstream, and the horizontal distance is about 5m.
And (5) obtaining the pile number K0+196 of the abnormal area, drilling at the position, wherein the hole number D is obtained, and the elevation of the bottom of the drilled hole is 2425m.
And the hole D is used for carrying out multiple reflection detection, and the detection in different directions shows that the angle of 30 degrees is formed between the hole D and the dam axis faces to the upstream direction, an abnormal signal exists in the interval from 2433m to 2438, and the horizontal distance is about 8m. The part is positioned in the junction area of the dam body and the mountain body.
Through the steps, the leakage paths are proved to be (stake numbers K0+200, elevations 2433-2438) → (stake numbers K0+196, elevations 2429-2435) → (stake numbers K0+186, elevations 2425-2428) → (stake numbers K0+178, elevations 2402).
Step S7: leak path targeted repair work was initiated with each borehole. And (3) pulling out the limiting sleeve, injecting quick-setting cement grout into the hole D, and selecting cement type grouting grout with low fluidity, quick setting and early strength to quickly cut off seepage. Considering that the leakage amount is large, holes are additionally drilled between the holes C and the holes D, and between the holes C and the holes B, clay slurry is poured inwards, and certain pouring pressure is applied, so that the purpose is to tightly fill a leakage channel, a leakage crack and a peripheral non-compact area. The perfusion pressure was 0.1MPa.
The concrete grouting steps are as follows:
step S71: moving the limit sleeve in the detection hole upwards to enable the bottom of the limit sleeve to be positioned at the upper part of the leakage area;
step S72: and placing the outlet end of the grouting pipe and the closed air bag into the lower end of the limiting sleeve.
Step S73: the closed air bag is expanded to be tightly attached to the wall of the limiting sleeve through the pressurizing pump, so that the leakage area and the limiting sleeve are closed.
Step S74: and adding the grout into the grout cabin, pressurizing the grout through the pressurizing cabin to enable the grout to flow out through the grouting pipe, gradually increasing the limiting sleeve and the grouting pipe, filling the leakage area of the dam body and realizing pressure grouting.
And finally, sealing all the drilled holes, and finishing the leakage repair.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An earth and rockfill dam abutment leakage accurate positioning and targeted repairing method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step S1: investigating a dam abutment leakage and escape area, acquiring coordinate data of the dam abutment leakage and escape area through a positioning device so as to determine the position and the depth of a detection hole, drilling a hole and placing a limiting sleeve in the drilled detection hole;
step S2: starting a detection device, putting an electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe into the limit sleeve, and performing 1-time transmission detection and multiple directional reflection detection in a detection hole;
and step S3: determining an abnormal area of dam leakage according to the received electromagnetic wave data, and determining the distance between the abnormal area and the detection hole and the bottom elevation;
and step S4: determining the position and the bottom elevation of a new detection hole according to the distance between the abnormal area and the detection hole and the bottom elevation, drilling a hole, and placing a limiting sleeve in the drilled new detection hole;
step S5: probing test with a probing device:
carrying out 1-time transmission detection by using the new detection holes and the new detection holes, and detecting a dam body between the two holes;
reflecting detection in different directions is carried out by using a new detection hole and an electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, a leaked water path is detected, and the position of the latest detection hole is determined;
step S6: repeating the steps S4 and S5 until the hole site of the latest detection hole reaches or exceeds the earth-rock dam seepage-proofing structure, and positioning a dam abutment seepage path;
step S7: and (4) taking out the limiting sleeve in the detection hole, pouring plugging slurry in a reverse order from the last detection hole, sealing all the detection holes, and finishing leakage repair.
2. The method for accurately positioning and repairing the leakage of the dam abutment of the earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, absolute coordinates of the space of the leakage area are obtained through a positioning device, horizontal coordinates of the middle position of the leakage area are converted into a mileage pile number of the dam, vertical coordinates of the leakage area are converted into a bottom elevation a of the leakage area, the mileage pile number is positioned at the top of the dam, a first detection hole is drilled in an area, close to the downstream side of the mileage pile number, and the drilling depth reaches a position which is 5-10m below the bottom elevation a;
in step S4, converting the distance between the abnormal area and the first detection hole into a pile number of the abnormal area, and drilling a new detection hole at a position corresponding to the pile number; and determining the drilling depth according to the bottom elevation of the abnormal area as the bottom elevation b, wherein the position is 5-10m below the bottom elevation b.
3. The method for accurately positioning and repairing the leakage of the dam abutment of the earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein: when the limiting sleeve is placed, at least one pair of grooves of the limiting sleeve is perpendicular to the axis of the dam, and the pulleys on two sides of the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe are arranged in the grooves perpendicular to the axis of the dam.
4. The method for accurately positioning and repairing leakage of dam abutment of earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein:
the transmission detection specifically comprises:
when the detection hole is a first detection hole, the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe combination in the first detection hole and on the dam slope is adopted; when more than two detection holes exist, the electromagnetic wave transceiving integrated probes in the two detection holes are combined, the two electromagnetic wave transceiving integrated probes perform transmission detection on the dam body within a straight distance, and the communication condition of the leakage channel in the leakage region is obtained;
the reflection detection is specifically as follows:
the directional detection is realized by utilizing a signal window of the limit sleeve and the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe: the pulley on the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe is clamped into the groove of the limiting sleeve, a signal window faces towards a fixed direction, reflection echoes in the fixed direction are obtained, multiple reflection detection is carried out, the pulley on the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe is clamped into the grooves in different directions, directional detection in different directions is realized, when the signal oscillogram shows the characteristics of phase reversal, amplitude enhancement, wavelength lengthening and the like, a region with a deep strip-shaped or cluster-shaped color is shown to be locally formed in the signal pseudocolor chart, image automatic identification software is embedded in an industrial personal computer, the region containing the characteristics of the upper complaint is automatically identified through image characteristic identification, marking and alarming is carried out, and a seepage incoming water path and the position and the depth of the next drilling point are determined through calculating the distance and the depth of the abnormal region.
5. The method for accurately positioning and repairing the leakage of the dam abutment of the earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein: in step S7, the last detection hole is selected from cement type grouting liquid capable of rapidly intercepting seepage, the other detection holes are clay type grouting liquid, and grouting pressure is applied, wherein the grouting pressure is generally controlled to be 0.1-0.2 MPa;
the concrete grouting steps are as follows:
step S71: moving the limit sleeve in the detection hole upwards to enable the bottom of the limit sleeve to be positioned at the upper part of the leakage area;
step S72: placing the outlet end of the grouting pipe and the closed air bag into the lower end of the limiting sleeve;
step S73: the closed air bag is expanded to be tightly attached to the wall of the limiting sleeve by the pressurizing pump, so that the leakage area and the limiting sleeve are closed;
step S74: and adding the grout into the grout cabin, pressurizing the grout through the pressurizing cabin to enable the grout to flow out through the grouting pipe, and gradually raising the limiting sleeve and the grouting pipe to gradually fill the leakage area of the dam body so as to realize pressure grouting.
6. An apparatus for accurately positioning and targeting repairing leakage at dam abutment of earth and rockfill dam based on any one of the above claims 1-5, characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the positioning device is used for acquiring the absolute space coordinates of the leakage region;
a drilling device for drilling a borehole;
the limiting sleeve is arranged in the detection hole;
detection means for transmission and reflection detection;
and a grouting device for repair.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 for accurate positioning and targeted repair of leakage from dam shoulders of earth and rockfill dams, wherein: the detection device comprises an industrial personal computer, an automatic winch, a connecting wire and an electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, wherein the connecting wire is wound on the automatic winch and is connected with the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe, and the electromagnetic wave receiving and transmitting integrated probe and the automatic winch are electrically connected with the industrial personal computer.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 for accurate positioning and targeted repair of leakage from dam shoulders of earth and rockfill dams, wherein: electromagnetic wave receiving and dispatching integral type probe includes cylindrical shell, electromagnetic wave receiver and electromagnetic wave transmitter, the electromagnetic wave receiver with the electromagnetic wave transmitter all sets up in cylindrical shell, and the circumference side of cylindrical shell articulates there is the connecting rod that the symmetry set up, the connecting rod is connected with coupling spring, just coupling spring is connected with cylindrical shell, the outside of connecting rod is provided with the pulley, a plurality of pairs of recesses have been seted up to the stop collar inboard, set up in the recess when the pulley uses, just the stop collar internal diameter is greater than the external diameter of cylindrical shell.
9. The apparatus for precise positioning and targeted repair of seepage at the dam abutment of an earth and rockfill dam as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the automatic winch comprises a wire coil, a driving module and a distance meter, wherein the connecting wire is wound on the wire coil, the driving module is used for driving the wire coil to rotate, the distance meter detects the number of rotating circles of the wire coil and converts the number of the rotating circles into the length of the wire, and the driving module and the distance meter are both electrically connected with an industrial personal computer.
10. The apparatus for precise positioning and targeted repair of seepage at the dam abutment of an earth and rockfill dam as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the grouting device comprises a slurry cabin, a pressurizing cabin, a grouting pipe, a closed air bag and a pressurizing pump, wherein the pressurizing pump is connected with the closed air bag, the closed air bag is arranged at the outlet end of the grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe is connected with the slurry cabin.
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